Business IntelligenceBusiness Intelligencean overviewan overview

Nur Cahyo Wibowo, SKom, MkomNur Cahyo Wibowo, SKom, Mkom

Komputer & MasyarakatKomputer & Masyarakat

Progdi Sistem Informasi UPNVJTProgdi Sistem Informasi UPNVJT

What is Business?What is Business?

An organization that provides goods and An organization that provides goods and services to others who want or need them. services to others who want or need them. (Univ. of Minnesota)(Univ. of Minnesota)

An economic system in which goods and An economic system in which goods and services are exchanged for one another or services are exchanged for one another or money. (Business Dictionary)money. (Business Dictionary)

Kegiatan usaha yang terorganisasi untuk Kegiatan usaha yang terorganisasi untuk menghasilkan barang atau jasa guna menghasilkan barang atau jasa guna memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen dan memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen dan bertujuan menghasilkan profit (laba).bertujuan menghasilkan profit (laba).

The Nature of IntelligenceThe Nature of Intelligence Learn from experience including by trial & error.Learn from experience including by trial & error. Apply knowledge acquired from experience to Apply knowledge acquired from experience to

another situation.another situation. Handle complex situations.Handle complex situations. Solve problems when important information is Solve problems when important information is

missing is the essence of decision making.missing is the essence of decision making. Determining what is important.Determining what is important. The ability to reason and think.The ability to reason and think. Reacting quickly and correctly to a new situation.Reacting quickly and correctly to a new situation. Understand and interpret visual images.Understand and interpret visual images. Being creative and imaginative.Being creative and imaginative.

What is AI?What is AI?

Artificial Intelligence systems include Artificial Intelligence systems include people, procedures, hardware, software, people, procedures, hardware, software, data and knowledge needed to develop data and knowledge needed to develop computer systems and computer systems and machinesmachines that that demonstrate characteristics of demonstrate characteristics of intelligenceintelligence

[Ralph Stair].[Ralph Stair].

So, What is BI?So, What is BI? IT-enabled business decision making based on IT-enabled business decision making based on

simple to complex data analysis processessimple to complex data analysis processes (BI) applications are decision support tools that (BI) applications are decision support tools that

enable real-time, interactive access, analysis and enable real-time, interactive access, analysis and manipulation of mission-critical corporate manipulation of mission-critical corporate information.information.

Technically:Technically:• Database development and administrationDatabase development and administration• Data miningData mining• Data queries and report writingData queries and report writing• Data analytics and simulationsData analytics and simulations• Benchmarking of business performanceBenchmarking of business performance• DashboardsDashboards• Decision support systemsDecision support systems

Business Intelligence SystemsBusiness Intelligence Systems

The purpose of a The purpose of a business intelligence business intelligence (BI) system(BI) system is to provide the right is to provide the right information, to the right user, at the right information, to the right user, at the right time.time.

BI systems help users accomplish their goals BI systems help users accomplish their goals and objectives by producing insights that and objectives by producing insights that lead to actions.lead to actions.

Source: www.kairon.com

Business IntelligenceBusiness IntelligenceCustomer

Inventory

Operation

External

Credit

Sales

ETLtools

Data Warehouse

MarketingData Mart

FinanceData Mart

DistributionData Mart

BI

OLAP

Reports

Pivot Table

Tecnologies Supporting BITecnologies Supporting BI

Database systems and database integrationDatabase systems and database integration Data warehousing, data stores and data martsData warehousing, data stores and data marts Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systemsEnterprise resource planning (ERP) systems Query and report writing technologiesQuery and report writing technologies Data mining and analytics toolsData mining and analytics tools Decision support systemsDecision support systems Customer relation management softwareCustomer relation management software Product lifecycle and supply chain management Product lifecycle and supply chain management

systemssystems

Business Intelligence ToolsBusiness Intelligence Tools

Tools for searching business data in an attempt to Tools for searching business data in an attempt to find patterns is called find patterns is called business intelligence (BI) business intelligence (BI) tools.tools.

The processing of data is simple: Data are sorted The processing of data is simple: Data are sorted and grouped and simple totals and averages are and grouped and simple totals and averages are calculated.calculated.

Reporting tools are used to address questions like:Reporting tools are used to address questions like: What has happened in the past?What has happened in the past? What is the current situation?What is the current situation? How does the current situation compare to the How does the current situation compare to the

past?past?

BI Tools Cont.BI Tools Cont. Data-mining toolsData-mining tools process data using statistical process data using statistical

techniques, many of which are sophisticated and techniques, many of which are sophisticated and mathematically complex.mathematically complex.

Data mining Data mining involves searching for patterns and involves searching for patterns and relationships among data.relationships among data.

In most cases, data-mining tools are used to In most cases, data-mining tools are used to make make predictions.predictions.

For example, we can use one form of For example, we can use one form of analysis to compute the probability that a analysis to compute the probability that a customer will default on a loan. customer will default on a loan.

Data, Information, KnowledgeData, Information, Knowledge

DataData• Items that are the most elementary descriptions Items that are the most elementary descriptions

of things, events, activities, and transactionsof things, events, activities, and transactions• May be internal or externalMay be internal or external

InformationInformation• Organized data that has meaning and valueOrganized data that has meaning and value

KnowledgeKnowledge• Processed data or information that conveys Processed data or information that conveys

understanding or learning applicable to a understanding or learning applicable to a problem or activityproblem or activity

Konsumen mana yg memiliki

margin tinggi/rendah?

Konsumen mana yg memiliki

margin tinggi/rendah?

Siapa saja konsumen sayadan produk apa saja yang

mereka beli?

Siapa saja konsumen sayadan produk apa saja yang

mereka beli?

Konsumen mana yang senang mengikuti

berbagai kompetisi perusahaan?

Konsumen mana yang senang mengikuti

berbagai kompetisi perusahaan?

Apa dampak/pengaruhproduk/layanan baru terhadap penghasilan

perusahaan dan margin?

Apa dampak/pengaruhproduk/layanan baru terhadap penghasilan

perusahaan dan margin?

Promosi produk apa yang paling berpengaruh

terhadap penghasilan perusahaan?

Promosi produk apa yang paling berpengaruh

terhadap penghasilan perusahaan?

Jalur distribusi apayang paling

efektif?

Jalur distribusi apayang paling

efektif?

Why Data Warehousing?Why Data Warehousing?

Data Warehouses and Data Data Warehouses and Data MartsMarts

Basic reports and simple OLAP analyses can be Basic reports and simple OLAP analyses can be made directly from operational data.made directly from operational data.

Many organizations choose to extract operational Many organizations choose to extract operational data into facilities called data into facilities called data warehousesdata warehouses and and data martsdata marts, both of which are facilities that , both of which are facilities that prepare, store, and manage data specifically for prepare, store, and manage data specifically for data mining and other analyses.data mining and other analyses.

Programs read operational data and extract, clean, Programs read operational data and extract, clean, and prepare that data for BI processing.and prepare that data for BI processing.

The prepared data are stored in a data-warehouse The prepared data are stored in a data-warehouse database using data-warehouse DBMS, which can database using data-warehouse DBMS, which can be different from the organization’s operational be different from the organization’s operational DBMS.DBMS.

Data Warehouses Versus Data Data Warehouses Versus Data MartsMarts

A A data martdata mart is a data collection, smaller than the is a data collection, smaller than the data warehouse, that addresses a particular data warehouse, that addresses a particular component or functional area of the business.component or functional area of the business.

The data warehouse is like the distributor in the The data warehouse is like the distributor in the supply chain and the data mart is like the retail supply chain and the data mart is like the retail store in the supply chain.store in the supply chain.

Users in the data mart obtain data that pertain to a Users in the data mart obtain data that pertain to a particular business function from the data particular business function from the data warehouse.warehouse.

It is expensive to create, staff, and operate data It is expensive to create, staff, and operate data warehouses and data marts.warehouses and data marts.

On-Line Analytical Processing On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP)(OLAP)

Literally, On-Line Analytical Processing. Designates a category of Literally, On-Line Analytical Processing. Designates a category of applications and technologies that allow the collection, storage, applications and technologies that allow the collection, storage, manipulation and reproduction of multidimensional data, with the manipulation and reproduction of multidimensional data, with the goal of analysis.goal of analysis.

Example: Example: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/bernard.lupin/englishhttp://perso.wanadoo.fr/bernard.lupin/english

OLTP VS OLAPOLTP VS OLAP

Reporting SystemsReporting Systems

The purpose of a The purpose of a reporting systemreporting system is to create is to create meaningful information from disparate data sources meaningful information from disparate data sources and to deliver that information to the proper user and to deliver that information to the proper user on a timely basis.on a timely basis.

Reporting systems generate information from data Reporting systems generate information from data as a result of four operations:as a result of four operations:• Filtering dataFiltering data• Sorting dataSorting data• Grouping dataGrouping data• Making simple calculations on the dataMaking simple calculations on the data

Digital Dashboard ExampleDigital Dashboard Example

Dashboard Dashboard

Data MiningData Mining

The application of statistical techniques to find The application of statistical techniques to find patterns and relationships among data and to patterns and relationships among data and to classify and predict.classify and predict.

Data mining represents a convergence of Data mining represents a convergence of disciplines.disciplines.

Data-mining techniques emerged from statistics Data-mining techniques emerged from statistics and mathematics and from artificial intelligence and mathematics and from artificial intelligence and machine-learning fields in computer science.and machine-learning fields in computer science.

Strategic, Tactical & Functional Strategic, Tactical & Functional Benefits of Business IntelligenceBenefits of Business Intelligence

Referensi Referensi

David Kroenke, Business Intelligence and David Kroenke, Business Intelligence and Knowledge Management Chapter 9, Prentice Hall Knowledge Management Chapter 9, Prentice Hall 2007.2007.

Anonym, Business Intelligence, Bellevue College.Anonym, Business Intelligence, Bellevue College. Turban, dkk, Decision Support Systems and Turban, dkk, Decision Support Systems and

Intelligent Systems Chapter 5, Seventh Edition,Intelligent Systems Chapter 5, Seventh Edition, Prentice Hall 2005.Prentice Hall 2005.

Henry Yan, Business Intelligence, ISRC Henry Yan, Business Intelligence, ISRC Technology Briefing October 26, 2006.Technology Briefing October 26, 2006.

Hanim MA, Intro to Data Warehouse.Hanim MA, Intro to Data Warehouse.