BUSINESS HINDI RESOURCE GUIDE · 2017-05-22 · The Business Hindi Resource Guide is designed for...

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1 BUSINESS HINDI RESOURCE GUIDE Developed by Aishwarya Suresh Ashish Tripathi Rajiv Ranjan Sandhya Shanker

Transcript of BUSINESS HINDI RESOURCE GUIDE · 2017-05-22 · The Business Hindi Resource Guide is designed for...

1

BUSINESS HINDI RESOURCE GUIDE

Developed by Aishwarya Suresh

Ashish Tripathi Rajiv Ranjan

Sandhya Shanker

2

This project was funded by a grant from the Michigan State University International Business Center (MSU-CIBER) itself a grantee of the US Department of Education Title VI B program This project is intended as a sample of a community college international business course the contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the US Department of Education or Michigan State University

3

About the Resource Guide Developers

Aishwarya Suresh Aishwarya Suresh is a senior Undergraduate Student at Michigan State University studying Social Relations and Policy from James Madison College and minoring in Peace and Justice Studies as well as Hindi In the past she has volunteered as an English tutor for international students at MSU and at the Refugee Development Center Currently she works with faculty and students to promote language learning and advocates the benefits of taking language courses through the Center of Language Teaching Advancement as an Outreach and Marketing Intern

Ashish Tripathi Ashish Tripathi is a sophomore undergraduate student at Michigan State University studying Physiology in the College of Natural Science with a minor in Hindi His goal at the end of his undergraduate term is to go to medical school and he seeks to one day go back to India to give back as a healthcare professional He is the co-founder of MSU Hindi-Urdu Club and he is on the E-board of the ASHA for Education club here at MSU Ashish serves his free time in the community by volunteering at hospitals and emergency shelter centers such as Haven House Rajiv Ranjan Rajiv Ranjan is an assistant professor at the Michigan State University He graduated from the University of Iowa in May 2016 His PhD is in Second Language Acquisition His areas of research interest include but not limited to generative and socio-cultural approaches to the second language acquisition language processing morphology syntax morpho-syntax and language pedagogy Sandhya Shanker Sandhya Shanker is an Outreach Coordinator at the Center for Language Teaching Advancement at Michigan State University She has more than 20 years of experience in teaching and curriculum design She has taught French for children teens adults as well as undergraduate students at Michigan State University Shersquos also a co-leader for the Global Finance Studies study abroad program (Belgium) at Michigan State University and is the instructor for the programrsquos pre-departure French course Sandhya is also certified at advanced proficiency level in Hindi (Visharad) from the Dakshin Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha in India

4

Table of Contents Rationale and Audiencehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5 Linguistic features of Hindi amp Urduhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6 Overview of the guidehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7 Module 1 Socio-cultural etiquettehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9 Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situationshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip16

-Buying a SIM card -Buying a train ticket -Getting a taxi to go to work -Bargaining -Interviewing for a job -Mailing a letter or package

Module 3 Business culture etiquettehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip32 Module 4 Sample resume formatshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip40 Module 5 Reading and interpreting job announcementshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip45 Module 6 Sample cover lettershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip52 Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business termshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip57 Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip81

5

Rationale and Audience The rise of globalization in the recent decade has brought with it several long-term economic trends One is that more students are applying for internships outside of the United States A 2014 survey conducted by Career Services at Michigan State University (MSU) indicates that 3262 MSU students completed internships and co-ops in 23 countries (Roy Wandschneider amp Steglitz 2014) Related data show that 20 of those surveyed participated in Study Abroad programs and 2 in Work Abroad (career-related) programs Given the large number of students pursuing co-curricular and career-related opportunities abroad it is important to increase their cultural and linguistic knowledge base to prepare them for their intercultural experience This project seeks to expand the knowledge of business communication of students who choose India and South Asia as their professional destination Recent economic development and new initiatives such as ldquoMake in Indiardquo ldquoStart-up Indiardquo and others are contributing to more capital investment in India and South Asian countries As a result more students are opting to pursue internships as well as long-term study abroad opportunities in these countries The Business Hindi Resource Guide is designed for students applying for jobs and internships in India by providing them with cultural as well as linguistic tools in order to successfully adapt to the socio-business environment in India Based on MSUrsquos Liberal Learning Goals as stipulated by the stated by the Office of the Associate Provost for Undergraduate Education the goal of the Resource Guide is to provide students with an in-depth understanding of how socio-cultural context influences communication in a global setting and enable them to apply their knowledge and abilities in a variety of local national and global settings The Guide can be easily integrated in a Hindi language class or in an intercultural business communication class We recommend that users of the guide be at the Intermediate level of spoken Hindi with a good reading knowledge of the Hindi script (httpswpnyueduvirtualhindiwp-contentuploadssites3394201602Hindi-Speaking-GUIDELINES-revised2014pdf)

6

Linguistic features of Hindi amp Urdu

Hindi is the fourth largest spoken language of the world after Mandarin Spanish

and English Hindi belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family and is considered as a

direct descendent from Sanskrit then Prakrit and then Apabhramsa Hindi is mostly

spoken in the northern central and eastern central part of India and it is also known as

Hindi belt of India Hindi uses a Devanagari script Hindi is also influenced by many

other languages such as Persian Arabic English Portuguese etc After Independence

the Indian government tried to make Hindi as a national language but it could not

achieve its objective However Hindi is still considered the first official language of India

and English is Indiarsquos second official language Hindi is also spoken around the world in

countries like Nepal Fiji and Mauritius Hindi in its modern standard form includes

words from many different languages such as Persian Arabic Sanskrit English etc

Bollywood (the Hindi film industry) has popularized Hindi to reach outside India and has

also inspired people who love watching Bollywood films want to learn Hindi

Hindi and Urdu are the same language with two different scripts (Urdu uses

NastaliqueArabic script) However this could be a controversial statement in the

context of politics of language After Independence when Pakistan announced Urdu as

its national language Urdu language scholars started to use many Arabic and Persian

words in writing and speaking Arabic In India Hindi scholars also tried to include many

Sanskrit words in Hindi However native speakers of Hindi-Urdu use the common

language and they do not really understand the difference If we add the number of

Hindi and Urdu speakers together it will be the worldrsquos largest spoken language

In this Guide we try not to separate these differences and one can see many

lexical items that can be claimed as more Hindi than Urdu and vice-versa The goal of

this Guide is not to teach linguistic differences between Hindi and Urdu but to provide its

users with regularly used business related lexical items and terminologies

7

Overview of the Guide Module 1 Socio-cultural information description

When working in India both the structural aspects of business and society should be

taken into account in order to be an effective employee as well as comfortably

accustom oneself to the environment This section addresses the importance of socio-

cultural influences on how business is handled and conducted and details appropriate

business etiquette

Module 2 Conversations in socio-businessbusiness situations description

While working in the Indian business world it is important to become familiar with the

common practices one may encounter through daily life That means engaging in

environments outside of the office being ready to use a more diverse vocabulary and

know how to participate in numerous kinds of conversations for instance buying a SIM

card and a train ticket getting a taxi bargaining interviewing for a job and mailing a

letter or package This section provides sample conversations in some of the situations

As a note words such as SIM card address proof passportsize photo Meru Cab etc

are spelt out in English because they would not be comprehensible to native speakers if

translated into Hindi-Urdu

Module 3 Business culture etiquette description

The focal point of this section is to assist users in navigating areas of the Indian

business world through a core language of Hindi Learning how to become comfortable

in the normal practices of holding meetings networking with fellow colleagues and

understanding business hierarchies that one may come across will ready newcomers to

not only contribute but also become multi-perspective

8

Module 4 Sample job application forms CVs amp Resumes Description

This section provides examples of job application forms curriculum vitae and resumes

that can be used to support the building and creating of documents that would needed

when applying for jobs in India Keep in mind the slight differences between formatting

and how to assert experience education and background accordingly

Module 5 Reading job advertisements

It is vital when looking for jobs on an international platform that one be familiar with how

to read a job advertisement deduce its contents and find the most necessary

information Having the skills to weed through and thoroughly examine positions based

off qualifications time of posting region and company allows for a more successful

transition into the working world

Module 6 Sample cover letters

The formatting of cover letters varies depending on what suits best with onersquos job

market and what the employer is looking for While the general structure of all cover

letters is universal there are aspects of Indian business that are quite pertinent to the

formatting and although may not always be applicable are important to keep in mind

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

One of the greatest tools one can have is the ability to recognize business specific

diction beyond the scope of general terminology In order to comprehend meetings

presentations colleagues and relevant media one should have a grasp of commonly

used business language

9

Module 1 Socio-Cultural Etiquette

10

Elements of everyday communication

Official Languages

Hindi

Hindi is recognized by central government as the official language of India

however each state in India has its own official language

English

Commonly spoken throughout the bigger modernized cities of India

especially in the business politics and educational setting language of

international commerce

Managers and people of higher positions in all industries speak English

fluently as English is an official language in India

The use of English mixed in with Hindi and vice versa is common

Middle-class Indians generally speak English and even workers of lower

skill levels may have basic English speaking skills

English in India (Cautionary Tips)

Saying ldquoNordquo

Direct refusals can be seen as very rude in India

Use answers such as ldquoIrsquoll tryrdquo as these answers provide a more

polite connotation

Indirectness is common among Indians

ldquoCertainly we will tryrdquo or ldquoYes Irsquoll try my bestrdquo are two common

phrases that most commonly mean ldquonordquo

Refrain from trying to obtain a more direct answer

This often times will put an individual on the spot and make

himher feel uncomfortable

11

Use questions to bring out a more direct response without putting

the individual on the spot such as ldquoSo what time can I expect this

to be donerdquo

Unusual phrases

Phrases such as ldquoWhat is your good namerdquo (Whatrsquos your name) are

commonly used in India

When referring to the date in English remember that the format is

day month and then year So rather than May 19th 2014 it would

be expressed as 19th May 2014 or 190514

Do not hesitate to ask them to repeat themselves

Speaking slowly

The western accent could be a little tough for Indians to

understand so make sure to clearly enunciate all sounds and

maintain an easeful pace while talking

Greetings

Personal relationships hold high importance in Indian culture so itrsquos

necessary to greet every individual in the most respectful manner

When meeting a group of people be sure to greet each person

individually

As a result of the hierarchical social structure in India be sure to

greet the oldest members of the group first

Greeting people (formally) by titles is important until you have permission

to use someonersquos given name

Handshakes are the standard formal greeting among men

Avoid any touching other than the initial handshake

Greeting women

12

In all settings it may be unusual if a man and woman or even two

women shake hands

Look to see if the person you are greeting is expecting a

handshake or ldquonamasterdquo which is a traditional greeting in which the

palms are together at chest level with fingers pointing up

Similar to greeting individuals in a group each person must be individually

addressed when bidding farewell

Body Language

Sustained eye contact is not necessary

Uncleanliness

Feet and the left hand are considered to be very dirty in India

Avoid all action that involves the left hand including eating

accepting or receiving an item etc

Do not rest feet on furniture or point them at anyone

Apologize right away if your feet or shoes happen to touch anyone

Avoid angry aggressive postures

Folded arms

Hands on Hip

DO NOT

Touch anyonersquos head including a childrsquos because the head is viewed as

ldquothe seat of the soulrdquo

Beckon an individual with the palm up and wagging a finger is viewed as

an insult

Whistle in any setting as this is very impolite

Wink in any manner as this can be viewed as a sexual proposition or an

insult

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

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SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

2

This project was funded by a grant from the Michigan State University International Business Center (MSU-CIBER) itself a grantee of the US Department of Education Title VI B program This project is intended as a sample of a community college international business course the contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the US Department of Education or Michigan State University

3

About the Resource Guide Developers

Aishwarya Suresh Aishwarya Suresh is a senior Undergraduate Student at Michigan State University studying Social Relations and Policy from James Madison College and minoring in Peace and Justice Studies as well as Hindi In the past she has volunteered as an English tutor for international students at MSU and at the Refugee Development Center Currently she works with faculty and students to promote language learning and advocates the benefits of taking language courses through the Center of Language Teaching Advancement as an Outreach and Marketing Intern

Ashish Tripathi Ashish Tripathi is a sophomore undergraduate student at Michigan State University studying Physiology in the College of Natural Science with a minor in Hindi His goal at the end of his undergraduate term is to go to medical school and he seeks to one day go back to India to give back as a healthcare professional He is the co-founder of MSU Hindi-Urdu Club and he is on the E-board of the ASHA for Education club here at MSU Ashish serves his free time in the community by volunteering at hospitals and emergency shelter centers such as Haven House Rajiv Ranjan Rajiv Ranjan is an assistant professor at the Michigan State University He graduated from the University of Iowa in May 2016 His PhD is in Second Language Acquisition His areas of research interest include but not limited to generative and socio-cultural approaches to the second language acquisition language processing morphology syntax morpho-syntax and language pedagogy Sandhya Shanker Sandhya Shanker is an Outreach Coordinator at the Center for Language Teaching Advancement at Michigan State University She has more than 20 years of experience in teaching and curriculum design She has taught French for children teens adults as well as undergraduate students at Michigan State University Shersquos also a co-leader for the Global Finance Studies study abroad program (Belgium) at Michigan State University and is the instructor for the programrsquos pre-departure French course Sandhya is also certified at advanced proficiency level in Hindi (Visharad) from the Dakshin Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha in India

4

Table of Contents Rationale and Audiencehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5 Linguistic features of Hindi amp Urduhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6 Overview of the guidehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7 Module 1 Socio-cultural etiquettehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9 Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situationshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip16

-Buying a SIM card -Buying a train ticket -Getting a taxi to go to work -Bargaining -Interviewing for a job -Mailing a letter or package

Module 3 Business culture etiquettehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip32 Module 4 Sample resume formatshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip40 Module 5 Reading and interpreting job announcementshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip45 Module 6 Sample cover lettershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip52 Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business termshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip57 Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip81

5

Rationale and Audience The rise of globalization in the recent decade has brought with it several long-term economic trends One is that more students are applying for internships outside of the United States A 2014 survey conducted by Career Services at Michigan State University (MSU) indicates that 3262 MSU students completed internships and co-ops in 23 countries (Roy Wandschneider amp Steglitz 2014) Related data show that 20 of those surveyed participated in Study Abroad programs and 2 in Work Abroad (career-related) programs Given the large number of students pursuing co-curricular and career-related opportunities abroad it is important to increase their cultural and linguistic knowledge base to prepare them for their intercultural experience This project seeks to expand the knowledge of business communication of students who choose India and South Asia as their professional destination Recent economic development and new initiatives such as ldquoMake in Indiardquo ldquoStart-up Indiardquo and others are contributing to more capital investment in India and South Asian countries As a result more students are opting to pursue internships as well as long-term study abroad opportunities in these countries The Business Hindi Resource Guide is designed for students applying for jobs and internships in India by providing them with cultural as well as linguistic tools in order to successfully adapt to the socio-business environment in India Based on MSUrsquos Liberal Learning Goals as stipulated by the stated by the Office of the Associate Provost for Undergraduate Education the goal of the Resource Guide is to provide students with an in-depth understanding of how socio-cultural context influences communication in a global setting and enable them to apply their knowledge and abilities in a variety of local national and global settings The Guide can be easily integrated in a Hindi language class or in an intercultural business communication class We recommend that users of the guide be at the Intermediate level of spoken Hindi with a good reading knowledge of the Hindi script (httpswpnyueduvirtualhindiwp-contentuploadssites3394201602Hindi-Speaking-GUIDELINES-revised2014pdf)

6

Linguistic features of Hindi amp Urdu

Hindi is the fourth largest spoken language of the world after Mandarin Spanish

and English Hindi belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family and is considered as a

direct descendent from Sanskrit then Prakrit and then Apabhramsa Hindi is mostly

spoken in the northern central and eastern central part of India and it is also known as

Hindi belt of India Hindi uses a Devanagari script Hindi is also influenced by many

other languages such as Persian Arabic English Portuguese etc After Independence

the Indian government tried to make Hindi as a national language but it could not

achieve its objective However Hindi is still considered the first official language of India

and English is Indiarsquos second official language Hindi is also spoken around the world in

countries like Nepal Fiji and Mauritius Hindi in its modern standard form includes

words from many different languages such as Persian Arabic Sanskrit English etc

Bollywood (the Hindi film industry) has popularized Hindi to reach outside India and has

also inspired people who love watching Bollywood films want to learn Hindi

Hindi and Urdu are the same language with two different scripts (Urdu uses

NastaliqueArabic script) However this could be a controversial statement in the

context of politics of language After Independence when Pakistan announced Urdu as

its national language Urdu language scholars started to use many Arabic and Persian

words in writing and speaking Arabic In India Hindi scholars also tried to include many

Sanskrit words in Hindi However native speakers of Hindi-Urdu use the common

language and they do not really understand the difference If we add the number of

Hindi and Urdu speakers together it will be the worldrsquos largest spoken language

In this Guide we try not to separate these differences and one can see many

lexical items that can be claimed as more Hindi than Urdu and vice-versa The goal of

this Guide is not to teach linguistic differences between Hindi and Urdu but to provide its

users with regularly used business related lexical items and terminologies

7

Overview of the Guide Module 1 Socio-cultural information description

When working in India both the structural aspects of business and society should be

taken into account in order to be an effective employee as well as comfortably

accustom oneself to the environment This section addresses the importance of socio-

cultural influences on how business is handled and conducted and details appropriate

business etiquette

Module 2 Conversations in socio-businessbusiness situations description

While working in the Indian business world it is important to become familiar with the

common practices one may encounter through daily life That means engaging in

environments outside of the office being ready to use a more diverse vocabulary and

know how to participate in numerous kinds of conversations for instance buying a SIM

card and a train ticket getting a taxi bargaining interviewing for a job and mailing a

letter or package This section provides sample conversations in some of the situations

As a note words such as SIM card address proof passportsize photo Meru Cab etc

are spelt out in English because they would not be comprehensible to native speakers if

translated into Hindi-Urdu

Module 3 Business culture etiquette description

The focal point of this section is to assist users in navigating areas of the Indian

business world through a core language of Hindi Learning how to become comfortable

in the normal practices of holding meetings networking with fellow colleagues and

understanding business hierarchies that one may come across will ready newcomers to

not only contribute but also become multi-perspective

8

Module 4 Sample job application forms CVs amp Resumes Description

This section provides examples of job application forms curriculum vitae and resumes

that can be used to support the building and creating of documents that would needed

when applying for jobs in India Keep in mind the slight differences between formatting

and how to assert experience education and background accordingly

Module 5 Reading job advertisements

It is vital when looking for jobs on an international platform that one be familiar with how

to read a job advertisement deduce its contents and find the most necessary

information Having the skills to weed through and thoroughly examine positions based

off qualifications time of posting region and company allows for a more successful

transition into the working world

Module 6 Sample cover letters

The formatting of cover letters varies depending on what suits best with onersquos job

market and what the employer is looking for While the general structure of all cover

letters is universal there are aspects of Indian business that are quite pertinent to the

formatting and although may not always be applicable are important to keep in mind

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

One of the greatest tools one can have is the ability to recognize business specific

diction beyond the scope of general terminology In order to comprehend meetings

presentations colleagues and relevant media one should have a grasp of commonly

used business language

9

Module 1 Socio-Cultural Etiquette

10

Elements of everyday communication

Official Languages

Hindi

Hindi is recognized by central government as the official language of India

however each state in India has its own official language

English

Commonly spoken throughout the bigger modernized cities of India

especially in the business politics and educational setting language of

international commerce

Managers and people of higher positions in all industries speak English

fluently as English is an official language in India

The use of English mixed in with Hindi and vice versa is common

Middle-class Indians generally speak English and even workers of lower

skill levels may have basic English speaking skills

English in India (Cautionary Tips)

Saying ldquoNordquo

Direct refusals can be seen as very rude in India

Use answers such as ldquoIrsquoll tryrdquo as these answers provide a more

polite connotation

Indirectness is common among Indians

ldquoCertainly we will tryrdquo or ldquoYes Irsquoll try my bestrdquo are two common

phrases that most commonly mean ldquonordquo

Refrain from trying to obtain a more direct answer

This often times will put an individual on the spot and make

himher feel uncomfortable

11

Use questions to bring out a more direct response without putting

the individual on the spot such as ldquoSo what time can I expect this

to be donerdquo

Unusual phrases

Phrases such as ldquoWhat is your good namerdquo (Whatrsquos your name) are

commonly used in India

When referring to the date in English remember that the format is

day month and then year So rather than May 19th 2014 it would

be expressed as 19th May 2014 or 190514

Do not hesitate to ask them to repeat themselves

Speaking slowly

The western accent could be a little tough for Indians to

understand so make sure to clearly enunciate all sounds and

maintain an easeful pace while talking

Greetings

Personal relationships hold high importance in Indian culture so itrsquos

necessary to greet every individual in the most respectful manner

When meeting a group of people be sure to greet each person

individually

As a result of the hierarchical social structure in India be sure to

greet the oldest members of the group first

Greeting people (formally) by titles is important until you have permission

to use someonersquos given name

Handshakes are the standard formal greeting among men

Avoid any touching other than the initial handshake

Greeting women

12

In all settings it may be unusual if a man and woman or even two

women shake hands

Look to see if the person you are greeting is expecting a

handshake or ldquonamasterdquo which is a traditional greeting in which the

palms are together at chest level with fingers pointing up

Similar to greeting individuals in a group each person must be individually

addressed when bidding farewell

Body Language

Sustained eye contact is not necessary

Uncleanliness

Feet and the left hand are considered to be very dirty in India

Avoid all action that involves the left hand including eating

accepting or receiving an item etc

Do not rest feet on furniture or point them at anyone

Apologize right away if your feet or shoes happen to touch anyone

Avoid angry aggressive postures

Folded arms

Hands on Hip

DO NOT

Touch anyonersquos head including a childrsquos because the head is viewed as

ldquothe seat of the soulrdquo

Beckon an individual with the palm up and wagging a finger is viewed as

an insult

Whistle in any setting as this is very impolite

Wink in any manner as this can be viewed as a sexual proposition or an

insult

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

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SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

3

About the Resource Guide Developers

Aishwarya Suresh Aishwarya Suresh is a senior Undergraduate Student at Michigan State University studying Social Relations and Policy from James Madison College and minoring in Peace and Justice Studies as well as Hindi In the past she has volunteered as an English tutor for international students at MSU and at the Refugee Development Center Currently she works with faculty and students to promote language learning and advocates the benefits of taking language courses through the Center of Language Teaching Advancement as an Outreach and Marketing Intern

Ashish Tripathi Ashish Tripathi is a sophomore undergraduate student at Michigan State University studying Physiology in the College of Natural Science with a minor in Hindi His goal at the end of his undergraduate term is to go to medical school and he seeks to one day go back to India to give back as a healthcare professional He is the co-founder of MSU Hindi-Urdu Club and he is on the E-board of the ASHA for Education club here at MSU Ashish serves his free time in the community by volunteering at hospitals and emergency shelter centers such as Haven House Rajiv Ranjan Rajiv Ranjan is an assistant professor at the Michigan State University He graduated from the University of Iowa in May 2016 His PhD is in Second Language Acquisition His areas of research interest include but not limited to generative and socio-cultural approaches to the second language acquisition language processing morphology syntax morpho-syntax and language pedagogy Sandhya Shanker Sandhya Shanker is an Outreach Coordinator at the Center for Language Teaching Advancement at Michigan State University She has more than 20 years of experience in teaching and curriculum design She has taught French for children teens adults as well as undergraduate students at Michigan State University Shersquos also a co-leader for the Global Finance Studies study abroad program (Belgium) at Michigan State University and is the instructor for the programrsquos pre-departure French course Sandhya is also certified at advanced proficiency level in Hindi (Visharad) from the Dakshin Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha in India

4

Table of Contents Rationale and Audiencehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5 Linguistic features of Hindi amp Urduhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6 Overview of the guidehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7 Module 1 Socio-cultural etiquettehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9 Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situationshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip16

-Buying a SIM card -Buying a train ticket -Getting a taxi to go to work -Bargaining -Interviewing for a job -Mailing a letter or package

Module 3 Business culture etiquettehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip32 Module 4 Sample resume formatshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip40 Module 5 Reading and interpreting job announcementshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip45 Module 6 Sample cover lettershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip52 Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business termshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip57 Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip81

5

Rationale and Audience The rise of globalization in the recent decade has brought with it several long-term economic trends One is that more students are applying for internships outside of the United States A 2014 survey conducted by Career Services at Michigan State University (MSU) indicates that 3262 MSU students completed internships and co-ops in 23 countries (Roy Wandschneider amp Steglitz 2014) Related data show that 20 of those surveyed participated in Study Abroad programs and 2 in Work Abroad (career-related) programs Given the large number of students pursuing co-curricular and career-related opportunities abroad it is important to increase their cultural and linguistic knowledge base to prepare them for their intercultural experience This project seeks to expand the knowledge of business communication of students who choose India and South Asia as their professional destination Recent economic development and new initiatives such as ldquoMake in Indiardquo ldquoStart-up Indiardquo and others are contributing to more capital investment in India and South Asian countries As a result more students are opting to pursue internships as well as long-term study abroad opportunities in these countries The Business Hindi Resource Guide is designed for students applying for jobs and internships in India by providing them with cultural as well as linguistic tools in order to successfully adapt to the socio-business environment in India Based on MSUrsquos Liberal Learning Goals as stipulated by the stated by the Office of the Associate Provost for Undergraduate Education the goal of the Resource Guide is to provide students with an in-depth understanding of how socio-cultural context influences communication in a global setting and enable them to apply their knowledge and abilities in a variety of local national and global settings The Guide can be easily integrated in a Hindi language class or in an intercultural business communication class We recommend that users of the guide be at the Intermediate level of spoken Hindi with a good reading knowledge of the Hindi script (httpswpnyueduvirtualhindiwp-contentuploadssites3394201602Hindi-Speaking-GUIDELINES-revised2014pdf)

6

Linguistic features of Hindi amp Urdu

Hindi is the fourth largest spoken language of the world after Mandarin Spanish

and English Hindi belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family and is considered as a

direct descendent from Sanskrit then Prakrit and then Apabhramsa Hindi is mostly

spoken in the northern central and eastern central part of India and it is also known as

Hindi belt of India Hindi uses a Devanagari script Hindi is also influenced by many

other languages such as Persian Arabic English Portuguese etc After Independence

the Indian government tried to make Hindi as a national language but it could not

achieve its objective However Hindi is still considered the first official language of India

and English is Indiarsquos second official language Hindi is also spoken around the world in

countries like Nepal Fiji and Mauritius Hindi in its modern standard form includes

words from many different languages such as Persian Arabic Sanskrit English etc

Bollywood (the Hindi film industry) has popularized Hindi to reach outside India and has

also inspired people who love watching Bollywood films want to learn Hindi

Hindi and Urdu are the same language with two different scripts (Urdu uses

NastaliqueArabic script) However this could be a controversial statement in the

context of politics of language After Independence when Pakistan announced Urdu as

its national language Urdu language scholars started to use many Arabic and Persian

words in writing and speaking Arabic In India Hindi scholars also tried to include many

Sanskrit words in Hindi However native speakers of Hindi-Urdu use the common

language and they do not really understand the difference If we add the number of

Hindi and Urdu speakers together it will be the worldrsquos largest spoken language

In this Guide we try not to separate these differences and one can see many

lexical items that can be claimed as more Hindi than Urdu and vice-versa The goal of

this Guide is not to teach linguistic differences between Hindi and Urdu but to provide its

users with regularly used business related lexical items and terminologies

7

Overview of the Guide Module 1 Socio-cultural information description

When working in India both the structural aspects of business and society should be

taken into account in order to be an effective employee as well as comfortably

accustom oneself to the environment This section addresses the importance of socio-

cultural influences on how business is handled and conducted and details appropriate

business etiquette

Module 2 Conversations in socio-businessbusiness situations description

While working in the Indian business world it is important to become familiar with the

common practices one may encounter through daily life That means engaging in

environments outside of the office being ready to use a more diverse vocabulary and

know how to participate in numerous kinds of conversations for instance buying a SIM

card and a train ticket getting a taxi bargaining interviewing for a job and mailing a

letter or package This section provides sample conversations in some of the situations

As a note words such as SIM card address proof passportsize photo Meru Cab etc

are spelt out in English because they would not be comprehensible to native speakers if

translated into Hindi-Urdu

Module 3 Business culture etiquette description

The focal point of this section is to assist users in navigating areas of the Indian

business world through a core language of Hindi Learning how to become comfortable

in the normal practices of holding meetings networking with fellow colleagues and

understanding business hierarchies that one may come across will ready newcomers to

not only contribute but also become multi-perspective

8

Module 4 Sample job application forms CVs amp Resumes Description

This section provides examples of job application forms curriculum vitae and resumes

that can be used to support the building and creating of documents that would needed

when applying for jobs in India Keep in mind the slight differences between formatting

and how to assert experience education and background accordingly

Module 5 Reading job advertisements

It is vital when looking for jobs on an international platform that one be familiar with how

to read a job advertisement deduce its contents and find the most necessary

information Having the skills to weed through and thoroughly examine positions based

off qualifications time of posting region and company allows for a more successful

transition into the working world

Module 6 Sample cover letters

The formatting of cover letters varies depending on what suits best with onersquos job

market and what the employer is looking for While the general structure of all cover

letters is universal there are aspects of Indian business that are quite pertinent to the

formatting and although may not always be applicable are important to keep in mind

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

One of the greatest tools one can have is the ability to recognize business specific

diction beyond the scope of general terminology In order to comprehend meetings

presentations colleagues and relevant media one should have a grasp of commonly

used business language

9

Module 1 Socio-Cultural Etiquette

10

Elements of everyday communication

Official Languages

Hindi

Hindi is recognized by central government as the official language of India

however each state in India has its own official language

English

Commonly spoken throughout the bigger modernized cities of India

especially in the business politics and educational setting language of

international commerce

Managers and people of higher positions in all industries speak English

fluently as English is an official language in India

The use of English mixed in with Hindi and vice versa is common

Middle-class Indians generally speak English and even workers of lower

skill levels may have basic English speaking skills

English in India (Cautionary Tips)

Saying ldquoNordquo

Direct refusals can be seen as very rude in India

Use answers such as ldquoIrsquoll tryrdquo as these answers provide a more

polite connotation

Indirectness is common among Indians

ldquoCertainly we will tryrdquo or ldquoYes Irsquoll try my bestrdquo are two common

phrases that most commonly mean ldquonordquo

Refrain from trying to obtain a more direct answer

This often times will put an individual on the spot and make

himher feel uncomfortable

11

Use questions to bring out a more direct response without putting

the individual on the spot such as ldquoSo what time can I expect this

to be donerdquo

Unusual phrases

Phrases such as ldquoWhat is your good namerdquo (Whatrsquos your name) are

commonly used in India

When referring to the date in English remember that the format is

day month and then year So rather than May 19th 2014 it would

be expressed as 19th May 2014 or 190514

Do not hesitate to ask them to repeat themselves

Speaking slowly

The western accent could be a little tough for Indians to

understand so make sure to clearly enunciate all sounds and

maintain an easeful pace while talking

Greetings

Personal relationships hold high importance in Indian culture so itrsquos

necessary to greet every individual in the most respectful manner

When meeting a group of people be sure to greet each person

individually

As a result of the hierarchical social structure in India be sure to

greet the oldest members of the group first

Greeting people (formally) by titles is important until you have permission

to use someonersquos given name

Handshakes are the standard formal greeting among men

Avoid any touching other than the initial handshake

Greeting women

12

In all settings it may be unusual if a man and woman or even two

women shake hands

Look to see if the person you are greeting is expecting a

handshake or ldquonamasterdquo which is a traditional greeting in which the

palms are together at chest level with fingers pointing up

Similar to greeting individuals in a group each person must be individually

addressed when bidding farewell

Body Language

Sustained eye contact is not necessary

Uncleanliness

Feet and the left hand are considered to be very dirty in India

Avoid all action that involves the left hand including eating

accepting or receiving an item etc

Do not rest feet on furniture or point them at anyone

Apologize right away if your feet or shoes happen to touch anyone

Avoid angry aggressive postures

Folded arms

Hands on Hip

DO NOT

Touch anyonersquos head including a childrsquos because the head is viewed as

ldquothe seat of the soulrdquo

Beckon an individual with the palm up and wagging a finger is viewed as

an insult

Whistle in any setting as this is very impolite

Wink in any manner as this can be viewed as a sexual proposition or an

insult

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

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SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

4

Table of Contents Rationale and Audiencehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip5 Linguistic features of Hindi amp Urduhelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip6 Overview of the guidehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip7 Module 1 Socio-cultural etiquettehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip9 Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situationshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip16

-Buying a SIM card -Buying a train ticket -Getting a taxi to go to work -Bargaining -Interviewing for a job -Mailing a letter or package

Module 3 Business culture etiquettehelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip32 Module 4 Sample resume formatshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip40 Module 5 Reading and interpreting job announcementshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip45 Module 6 Sample cover lettershelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip52 Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business termshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip57 Referenceshelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip81

5

Rationale and Audience The rise of globalization in the recent decade has brought with it several long-term economic trends One is that more students are applying for internships outside of the United States A 2014 survey conducted by Career Services at Michigan State University (MSU) indicates that 3262 MSU students completed internships and co-ops in 23 countries (Roy Wandschneider amp Steglitz 2014) Related data show that 20 of those surveyed participated in Study Abroad programs and 2 in Work Abroad (career-related) programs Given the large number of students pursuing co-curricular and career-related opportunities abroad it is important to increase their cultural and linguistic knowledge base to prepare them for their intercultural experience This project seeks to expand the knowledge of business communication of students who choose India and South Asia as their professional destination Recent economic development and new initiatives such as ldquoMake in Indiardquo ldquoStart-up Indiardquo and others are contributing to more capital investment in India and South Asian countries As a result more students are opting to pursue internships as well as long-term study abroad opportunities in these countries The Business Hindi Resource Guide is designed for students applying for jobs and internships in India by providing them with cultural as well as linguistic tools in order to successfully adapt to the socio-business environment in India Based on MSUrsquos Liberal Learning Goals as stipulated by the stated by the Office of the Associate Provost for Undergraduate Education the goal of the Resource Guide is to provide students with an in-depth understanding of how socio-cultural context influences communication in a global setting and enable them to apply their knowledge and abilities in a variety of local national and global settings The Guide can be easily integrated in a Hindi language class or in an intercultural business communication class We recommend that users of the guide be at the Intermediate level of spoken Hindi with a good reading knowledge of the Hindi script (httpswpnyueduvirtualhindiwp-contentuploadssites3394201602Hindi-Speaking-GUIDELINES-revised2014pdf)

6

Linguistic features of Hindi amp Urdu

Hindi is the fourth largest spoken language of the world after Mandarin Spanish

and English Hindi belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family and is considered as a

direct descendent from Sanskrit then Prakrit and then Apabhramsa Hindi is mostly

spoken in the northern central and eastern central part of India and it is also known as

Hindi belt of India Hindi uses a Devanagari script Hindi is also influenced by many

other languages such as Persian Arabic English Portuguese etc After Independence

the Indian government tried to make Hindi as a national language but it could not

achieve its objective However Hindi is still considered the first official language of India

and English is Indiarsquos second official language Hindi is also spoken around the world in

countries like Nepal Fiji and Mauritius Hindi in its modern standard form includes

words from many different languages such as Persian Arabic Sanskrit English etc

Bollywood (the Hindi film industry) has popularized Hindi to reach outside India and has

also inspired people who love watching Bollywood films want to learn Hindi

Hindi and Urdu are the same language with two different scripts (Urdu uses

NastaliqueArabic script) However this could be a controversial statement in the

context of politics of language After Independence when Pakistan announced Urdu as

its national language Urdu language scholars started to use many Arabic and Persian

words in writing and speaking Arabic In India Hindi scholars also tried to include many

Sanskrit words in Hindi However native speakers of Hindi-Urdu use the common

language and they do not really understand the difference If we add the number of

Hindi and Urdu speakers together it will be the worldrsquos largest spoken language

In this Guide we try not to separate these differences and one can see many

lexical items that can be claimed as more Hindi than Urdu and vice-versa The goal of

this Guide is not to teach linguistic differences between Hindi and Urdu but to provide its

users with regularly used business related lexical items and terminologies

7

Overview of the Guide Module 1 Socio-cultural information description

When working in India both the structural aspects of business and society should be

taken into account in order to be an effective employee as well as comfortably

accustom oneself to the environment This section addresses the importance of socio-

cultural influences on how business is handled and conducted and details appropriate

business etiquette

Module 2 Conversations in socio-businessbusiness situations description

While working in the Indian business world it is important to become familiar with the

common practices one may encounter through daily life That means engaging in

environments outside of the office being ready to use a more diverse vocabulary and

know how to participate in numerous kinds of conversations for instance buying a SIM

card and a train ticket getting a taxi bargaining interviewing for a job and mailing a

letter or package This section provides sample conversations in some of the situations

As a note words such as SIM card address proof passportsize photo Meru Cab etc

are spelt out in English because they would not be comprehensible to native speakers if

translated into Hindi-Urdu

Module 3 Business culture etiquette description

The focal point of this section is to assist users in navigating areas of the Indian

business world through a core language of Hindi Learning how to become comfortable

in the normal practices of holding meetings networking with fellow colleagues and

understanding business hierarchies that one may come across will ready newcomers to

not only contribute but also become multi-perspective

8

Module 4 Sample job application forms CVs amp Resumes Description

This section provides examples of job application forms curriculum vitae and resumes

that can be used to support the building and creating of documents that would needed

when applying for jobs in India Keep in mind the slight differences between formatting

and how to assert experience education and background accordingly

Module 5 Reading job advertisements

It is vital when looking for jobs on an international platform that one be familiar with how

to read a job advertisement deduce its contents and find the most necessary

information Having the skills to weed through and thoroughly examine positions based

off qualifications time of posting region and company allows for a more successful

transition into the working world

Module 6 Sample cover letters

The formatting of cover letters varies depending on what suits best with onersquos job

market and what the employer is looking for While the general structure of all cover

letters is universal there are aspects of Indian business that are quite pertinent to the

formatting and although may not always be applicable are important to keep in mind

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

One of the greatest tools one can have is the ability to recognize business specific

diction beyond the scope of general terminology In order to comprehend meetings

presentations colleagues and relevant media one should have a grasp of commonly

used business language

9

Module 1 Socio-Cultural Etiquette

10

Elements of everyday communication

Official Languages

Hindi

Hindi is recognized by central government as the official language of India

however each state in India has its own official language

English

Commonly spoken throughout the bigger modernized cities of India

especially in the business politics and educational setting language of

international commerce

Managers and people of higher positions in all industries speak English

fluently as English is an official language in India

The use of English mixed in with Hindi and vice versa is common

Middle-class Indians generally speak English and even workers of lower

skill levels may have basic English speaking skills

English in India (Cautionary Tips)

Saying ldquoNordquo

Direct refusals can be seen as very rude in India

Use answers such as ldquoIrsquoll tryrdquo as these answers provide a more

polite connotation

Indirectness is common among Indians

ldquoCertainly we will tryrdquo or ldquoYes Irsquoll try my bestrdquo are two common

phrases that most commonly mean ldquonordquo

Refrain from trying to obtain a more direct answer

This often times will put an individual on the spot and make

himher feel uncomfortable

11

Use questions to bring out a more direct response without putting

the individual on the spot such as ldquoSo what time can I expect this

to be donerdquo

Unusual phrases

Phrases such as ldquoWhat is your good namerdquo (Whatrsquos your name) are

commonly used in India

When referring to the date in English remember that the format is

day month and then year So rather than May 19th 2014 it would

be expressed as 19th May 2014 or 190514

Do not hesitate to ask them to repeat themselves

Speaking slowly

The western accent could be a little tough for Indians to

understand so make sure to clearly enunciate all sounds and

maintain an easeful pace while talking

Greetings

Personal relationships hold high importance in Indian culture so itrsquos

necessary to greet every individual in the most respectful manner

When meeting a group of people be sure to greet each person

individually

As a result of the hierarchical social structure in India be sure to

greet the oldest members of the group first

Greeting people (formally) by titles is important until you have permission

to use someonersquos given name

Handshakes are the standard formal greeting among men

Avoid any touching other than the initial handshake

Greeting women

12

In all settings it may be unusual if a man and woman or even two

women shake hands

Look to see if the person you are greeting is expecting a

handshake or ldquonamasterdquo which is a traditional greeting in which the

palms are together at chest level with fingers pointing up

Similar to greeting individuals in a group each person must be individually

addressed when bidding farewell

Body Language

Sustained eye contact is not necessary

Uncleanliness

Feet and the left hand are considered to be very dirty in India

Avoid all action that involves the left hand including eating

accepting or receiving an item etc

Do not rest feet on furniture or point them at anyone

Apologize right away if your feet or shoes happen to touch anyone

Avoid angry aggressive postures

Folded arms

Hands on Hip

DO NOT

Touch anyonersquos head including a childrsquos because the head is viewed as

ldquothe seat of the soulrdquo

Beckon an individual with the palm up and wagging a finger is viewed as

an insult

Whistle in any setting as this is very impolite

Wink in any manner as this can be viewed as a sexual proposition or an

insult

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

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SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

5

Rationale and Audience The rise of globalization in the recent decade has brought with it several long-term economic trends One is that more students are applying for internships outside of the United States A 2014 survey conducted by Career Services at Michigan State University (MSU) indicates that 3262 MSU students completed internships and co-ops in 23 countries (Roy Wandschneider amp Steglitz 2014) Related data show that 20 of those surveyed participated in Study Abroad programs and 2 in Work Abroad (career-related) programs Given the large number of students pursuing co-curricular and career-related opportunities abroad it is important to increase their cultural and linguistic knowledge base to prepare them for their intercultural experience This project seeks to expand the knowledge of business communication of students who choose India and South Asia as their professional destination Recent economic development and new initiatives such as ldquoMake in Indiardquo ldquoStart-up Indiardquo and others are contributing to more capital investment in India and South Asian countries As a result more students are opting to pursue internships as well as long-term study abroad opportunities in these countries The Business Hindi Resource Guide is designed for students applying for jobs and internships in India by providing them with cultural as well as linguistic tools in order to successfully adapt to the socio-business environment in India Based on MSUrsquos Liberal Learning Goals as stipulated by the stated by the Office of the Associate Provost for Undergraduate Education the goal of the Resource Guide is to provide students with an in-depth understanding of how socio-cultural context influences communication in a global setting and enable them to apply their knowledge and abilities in a variety of local national and global settings The Guide can be easily integrated in a Hindi language class or in an intercultural business communication class We recommend that users of the guide be at the Intermediate level of spoken Hindi with a good reading knowledge of the Hindi script (httpswpnyueduvirtualhindiwp-contentuploadssites3394201602Hindi-Speaking-GUIDELINES-revised2014pdf)

6

Linguistic features of Hindi amp Urdu

Hindi is the fourth largest spoken language of the world after Mandarin Spanish

and English Hindi belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family and is considered as a

direct descendent from Sanskrit then Prakrit and then Apabhramsa Hindi is mostly

spoken in the northern central and eastern central part of India and it is also known as

Hindi belt of India Hindi uses a Devanagari script Hindi is also influenced by many

other languages such as Persian Arabic English Portuguese etc After Independence

the Indian government tried to make Hindi as a national language but it could not

achieve its objective However Hindi is still considered the first official language of India

and English is Indiarsquos second official language Hindi is also spoken around the world in

countries like Nepal Fiji and Mauritius Hindi in its modern standard form includes

words from many different languages such as Persian Arabic Sanskrit English etc

Bollywood (the Hindi film industry) has popularized Hindi to reach outside India and has

also inspired people who love watching Bollywood films want to learn Hindi

Hindi and Urdu are the same language with two different scripts (Urdu uses

NastaliqueArabic script) However this could be a controversial statement in the

context of politics of language After Independence when Pakistan announced Urdu as

its national language Urdu language scholars started to use many Arabic and Persian

words in writing and speaking Arabic In India Hindi scholars also tried to include many

Sanskrit words in Hindi However native speakers of Hindi-Urdu use the common

language and they do not really understand the difference If we add the number of

Hindi and Urdu speakers together it will be the worldrsquos largest spoken language

In this Guide we try not to separate these differences and one can see many

lexical items that can be claimed as more Hindi than Urdu and vice-versa The goal of

this Guide is not to teach linguistic differences between Hindi and Urdu but to provide its

users with regularly used business related lexical items and terminologies

7

Overview of the Guide Module 1 Socio-cultural information description

When working in India both the structural aspects of business and society should be

taken into account in order to be an effective employee as well as comfortably

accustom oneself to the environment This section addresses the importance of socio-

cultural influences on how business is handled and conducted and details appropriate

business etiquette

Module 2 Conversations in socio-businessbusiness situations description

While working in the Indian business world it is important to become familiar with the

common practices one may encounter through daily life That means engaging in

environments outside of the office being ready to use a more diverse vocabulary and

know how to participate in numerous kinds of conversations for instance buying a SIM

card and a train ticket getting a taxi bargaining interviewing for a job and mailing a

letter or package This section provides sample conversations in some of the situations

As a note words such as SIM card address proof passportsize photo Meru Cab etc

are spelt out in English because they would not be comprehensible to native speakers if

translated into Hindi-Urdu

Module 3 Business culture etiquette description

The focal point of this section is to assist users in navigating areas of the Indian

business world through a core language of Hindi Learning how to become comfortable

in the normal practices of holding meetings networking with fellow colleagues and

understanding business hierarchies that one may come across will ready newcomers to

not only contribute but also become multi-perspective

8

Module 4 Sample job application forms CVs amp Resumes Description

This section provides examples of job application forms curriculum vitae and resumes

that can be used to support the building and creating of documents that would needed

when applying for jobs in India Keep in mind the slight differences between formatting

and how to assert experience education and background accordingly

Module 5 Reading job advertisements

It is vital when looking for jobs on an international platform that one be familiar with how

to read a job advertisement deduce its contents and find the most necessary

information Having the skills to weed through and thoroughly examine positions based

off qualifications time of posting region and company allows for a more successful

transition into the working world

Module 6 Sample cover letters

The formatting of cover letters varies depending on what suits best with onersquos job

market and what the employer is looking for While the general structure of all cover

letters is universal there are aspects of Indian business that are quite pertinent to the

formatting and although may not always be applicable are important to keep in mind

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

One of the greatest tools one can have is the ability to recognize business specific

diction beyond the scope of general terminology In order to comprehend meetings

presentations colleagues and relevant media one should have a grasp of commonly

used business language

9

Module 1 Socio-Cultural Etiquette

10

Elements of everyday communication

Official Languages

Hindi

Hindi is recognized by central government as the official language of India

however each state in India has its own official language

English

Commonly spoken throughout the bigger modernized cities of India

especially in the business politics and educational setting language of

international commerce

Managers and people of higher positions in all industries speak English

fluently as English is an official language in India

The use of English mixed in with Hindi and vice versa is common

Middle-class Indians generally speak English and even workers of lower

skill levels may have basic English speaking skills

English in India (Cautionary Tips)

Saying ldquoNordquo

Direct refusals can be seen as very rude in India

Use answers such as ldquoIrsquoll tryrdquo as these answers provide a more

polite connotation

Indirectness is common among Indians

ldquoCertainly we will tryrdquo or ldquoYes Irsquoll try my bestrdquo are two common

phrases that most commonly mean ldquonordquo

Refrain from trying to obtain a more direct answer

This often times will put an individual on the spot and make

himher feel uncomfortable

11

Use questions to bring out a more direct response without putting

the individual on the spot such as ldquoSo what time can I expect this

to be donerdquo

Unusual phrases

Phrases such as ldquoWhat is your good namerdquo (Whatrsquos your name) are

commonly used in India

When referring to the date in English remember that the format is

day month and then year So rather than May 19th 2014 it would

be expressed as 19th May 2014 or 190514

Do not hesitate to ask them to repeat themselves

Speaking slowly

The western accent could be a little tough for Indians to

understand so make sure to clearly enunciate all sounds and

maintain an easeful pace while talking

Greetings

Personal relationships hold high importance in Indian culture so itrsquos

necessary to greet every individual in the most respectful manner

When meeting a group of people be sure to greet each person

individually

As a result of the hierarchical social structure in India be sure to

greet the oldest members of the group first

Greeting people (formally) by titles is important until you have permission

to use someonersquos given name

Handshakes are the standard formal greeting among men

Avoid any touching other than the initial handshake

Greeting women

12

In all settings it may be unusual if a man and woman or even two

women shake hands

Look to see if the person you are greeting is expecting a

handshake or ldquonamasterdquo which is a traditional greeting in which the

palms are together at chest level with fingers pointing up

Similar to greeting individuals in a group each person must be individually

addressed when bidding farewell

Body Language

Sustained eye contact is not necessary

Uncleanliness

Feet and the left hand are considered to be very dirty in India

Avoid all action that involves the left hand including eating

accepting or receiving an item etc

Do not rest feet on furniture or point them at anyone

Apologize right away if your feet or shoes happen to touch anyone

Avoid angry aggressive postures

Folded arms

Hands on Hip

DO NOT

Touch anyonersquos head including a childrsquos because the head is viewed as

ldquothe seat of the soulrdquo

Beckon an individual with the palm up and wagging a finger is viewed as

an insult

Whistle in any setting as this is very impolite

Wink in any manner as this can be viewed as a sexual proposition or an

insult

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

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SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

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Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

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american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

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Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

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2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

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Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

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etiquette-culture-6766html

6

Linguistic features of Hindi amp Urdu

Hindi is the fourth largest spoken language of the world after Mandarin Spanish

and English Hindi belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family and is considered as a

direct descendent from Sanskrit then Prakrit and then Apabhramsa Hindi is mostly

spoken in the northern central and eastern central part of India and it is also known as

Hindi belt of India Hindi uses a Devanagari script Hindi is also influenced by many

other languages such as Persian Arabic English Portuguese etc After Independence

the Indian government tried to make Hindi as a national language but it could not

achieve its objective However Hindi is still considered the first official language of India

and English is Indiarsquos second official language Hindi is also spoken around the world in

countries like Nepal Fiji and Mauritius Hindi in its modern standard form includes

words from many different languages such as Persian Arabic Sanskrit English etc

Bollywood (the Hindi film industry) has popularized Hindi to reach outside India and has

also inspired people who love watching Bollywood films want to learn Hindi

Hindi and Urdu are the same language with two different scripts (Urdu uses

NastaliqueArabic script) However this could be a controversial statement in the

context of politics of language After Independence when Pakistan announced Urdu as

its national language Urdu language scholars started to use many Arabic and Persian

words in writing and speaking Arabic In India Hindi scholars also tried to include many

Sanskrit words in Hindi However native speakers of Hindi-Urdu use the common

language and they do not really understand the difference If we add the number of

Hindi and Urdu speakers together it will be the worldrsquos largest spoken language

In this Guide we try not to separate these differences and one can see many

lexical items that can be claimed as more Hindi than Urdu and vice-versa The goal of

this Guide is not to teach linguistic differences between Hindi and Urdu but to provide its

users with regularly used business related lexical items and terminologies

7

Overview of the Guide Module 1 Socio-cultural information description

When working in India both the structural aspects of business and society should be

taken into account in order to be an effective employee as well as comfortably

accustom oneself to the environment This section addresses the importance of socio-

cultural influences on how business is handled and conducted and details appropriate

business etiquette

Module 2 Conversations in socio-businessbusiness situations description

While working in the Indian business world it is important to become familiar with the

common practices one may encounter through daily life That means engaging in

environments outside of the office being ready to use a more diverse vocabulary and

know how to participate in numerous kinds of conversations for instance buying a SIM

card and a train ticket getting a taxi bargaining interviewing for a job and mailing a

letter or package This section provides sample conversations in some of the situations

As a note words such as SIM card address proof passportsize photo Meru Cab etc

are spelt out in English because they would not be comprehensible to native speakers if

translated into Hindi-Urdu

Module 3 Business culture etiquette description

The focal point of this section is to assist users in navigating areas of the Indian

business world through a core language of Hindi Learning how to become comfortable

in the normal practices of holding meetings networking with fellow colleagues and

understanding business hierarchies that one may come across will ready newcomers to

not only contribute but also become multi-perspective

8

Module 4 Sample job application forms CVs amp Resumes Description

This section provides examples of job application forms curriculum vitae and resumes

that can be used to support the building and creating of documents that would needed

when applying for jobs in India Keep in mind the slight differences between formatting

and how to assert experience education and background accordingly

Module 5 Reading job advertisements

It is vital when looking for jobs on an international platform that one be familiar with how

to read a job advertisement deduce its contents and find the most necessary

information Having the skills to weed through and thoroughly examine positions based

off qualifications time of posting region and company allows for a more successful

transition into the working world

Module 6 Sample cover letters

The formatting of cover letters varies depending on what suits best with onersquos job

market and what the employer is looking for While the general structure of all cover

letters is universal there are aspects of Indian business that are quite pertinent to the

formatting and although may not always be applicable are important to keep in mind

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

One of the greatest tools one can have is the ability to recognize business specific

diction beyond the scope of general terminology In order to comprehend meetings

presentations colleagues and relevant media one should have a grasp of commonly

used business language

9

Module 1 Socio-Cultural Etiquette

10

Elements of everyday communication

Official Languages

Hindi

Hindi is recognized by central government as the official language of India

however each state in India has its own official language

English

Commonly spoken throughout the bigger modernized cities of India

especially in the business politics and educational setting language of

international commerce

Managers and people of higher positions in all industries speak English

fluently as English is an official language in India

The use of English mixed in with Hindi and vice versa is common

Middle-class Indians generally speak English and even workers of lower

skill levels may have basic English speaking skills

English in India (Cautionary Tips)

Saying ldquoNordquo

Direct refusals can be seen as very rude in India

Use answers such as ldquoIrsquoll tryrdquo as these answers provide a more

polite connotation

Indirectness is common among Indians

ldquoCertainly we will tryrdquo or ldquoYes Irsquoll try my bestrdquo are two common

phrases that most commonly mean ldquonordquo

Refrain from trying to obtain a more direct answer

This often times will put an individual on the spot and make

himher feel uncomfortable

11

Use questions to bring out a more direct response without putting

the individual on the spot such as ldquoSo what time can I expect this

to be donerdquo

Unusual phrases

Phrases such as ldquoWhat is your good namerdquo (Whatrsquos your name) are

commonly used in India

When referring to the date in English remember that the format is

day month and then year So rather than May 19th 2014 it would

be expressed as 19th May 2014 or 190514

Do not hesitate to ask them to repeat themselves

Speaking slowly

The western accent could be a little tough for Indians to

understand so make sure to clearly enunciate all sounds and

maintain an easeful pace while talking

Greetings

Personal relationships hold high importance in Indian culture so itrsquos

necessary to greet every individual in the most respectful manner

When meeting a group of people be sure to greet each person

individually

As a result of the hierarchical social structure in India be sure to

greet the oldest members of the group first

Greeting people (formally) by titles is important until you have permission

to use someonersquos given name

Handshakes are the standard formal greeting among men

Avoid any touching other than the initial handshake

Greeting women

12

In all settings it may be unusual if a man and woman or even two

women shake hands

Look to see if the person you are greeting is expecting a

handshake or ldquonamasterdquo which is a traditional greeting in which the

palms are together at chest level with fingers pointing up

Similar to greeting individuals in a group each person must be individually

addressed when bidding farewell

Body Language

Sustained eye contact is not necessary

Uncleanliness

Feet and the left hand are considered to be very dirty in India

Avoid all action that involves the left hand including eating

accepting or receiving an item etc

Do not rest feet on furniture or point them at anyone

Apologize right away if your feet or shoes happen to touch anyone

Avoid angry aggressive postures

Folded arms

Hands on Hip

DO NOT

Touch anyonersquos head including a childrsquos because the head is viewed as

ldquothe seat of the soulrdquo

Beckon an individual with the palm up and wagging a finger is viewed as

an insult

Whistle in any setting as this is very impolite

Wink in any manner as this can be viewed as a sexual proposition or an

insult

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

7

Overview of the Guide Module 1 Socio-cultural information description

When working in India both the structural aspects of business and society should be

taken into account in order to be an effective employee as well as comfortably

accustom oneself to the environment This section addresses the importance of socio-

cultural influences on how business is handled and conducted and details appropriate

business etiquette

Module 2 Conversations in socio-businessbusiness situations description

While working in the Indian business world it is important to become familiar with the

common practices one may encounter through daily life That means engaging in

environments outside of the office being ready to use a more diverse vocabulary and

know how to participate in numerous kinds of conversations for instance buying a SIM

card and a train ticket getting a taxi bargaining interviewing for a job and mailing a

letter or package This section provides sample conversations in some of the situations

As a note words such as SIM card address proof passportsize photo Meru Cab etc

are spelt out in English because they would not be comprehensible to native speakers if

translated into Hindi-Urdu

Module 3 Business culture etiquette description

The focal point of this section is to assist users in navigating areas of the Indian

business world through a core language of Hindi Learning how to become comfortable

in the normal practices of holding meetings networking with fellow colleagues and

understanding business hierarchies that one may come across will ready newcomers to

not only contribute but also become multi-perspective

8

Module 4 Sample job application forms CVs amp Resumes Description

This section provides examples of job application forms curriculum vitae and resumes

that can be used to support the building and creating of documents that would needed

when applying for jobs in India Keep in mind the slight differences between formatting

and how to assert experience education and background accordingly

Module 5 Reading job advertisements

It is vital when looking for jobs on an international platform that one be familiar with how

to read a job advertisement deduce its contents and find the most necessary

information Having the skills to weed through and thoroughly examine positions based

off qualifications time of posting region and company allows for a more successful

transition into the working world

Module 6 Sample cover letters

The formatting of cover letters varies depending on what suits best with onersquos job

market and what the employer is looking for While the general structure of all cover

letters is universal there are aspects of Indian business that are quite pertinent to the

formatting and although may not always be applicable are important to keep in mind

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

One of the greatest tools one can have is the ability to recognize business specific

diction beyond the scope of general terminology In order to comprehend meetings

presentations colleagues and relevant media one should have a grasp of commonly

used business language

9

Module 1 Socio-Cultural Etiquette

10

Elements of everyday communication

Official Languages

Hindi

Hindi is recognized by central government as the official language of India

however each state in India has its own official language

English

Commonly spoken throughout the bigger modernized cities of India

especially in the business politics and educational setting language of

international commerce

Managers and people of higher positions in all industries speak English

fluently as English is an official language in India

The use of English mixed in with Hindi and vice versa is common

Middle-class Indians generally speak English and even workers of lower

skill levels may have basic English speaking skills

English in India (Cautionary Tips)

Saying ldquoNordquo

Direct refusals can be seen as very rude in India

Use answers such as ldquoIrsquoll tryrdquo as these answers provide a more

polite connotation

Indirectness is common among Indians

ldquoCertainly we will tryrdquo or ldquoYes Irsquoll try my bestrdquo are two common

phrases that most commonly mean ldquonordquo

Refrain from trying to obtain a more direct answer

This often times will put an individual on the spot and make

himher feel uncomfortable

11

Use questions to bring out a more direct response without putting

the individual on the spot such as ldquoSo what time can I expect this

to be donerdquo

Unusual phrases

Phrases such as ldquoWhat is your good namerdquo (Whatrsquos your name) are

commonly used in India

When referring to the date in English remember that the format is

day month and then year So rather than May 19th 2014 it would

be expressed as 19th May 2014 or 190514

Do not hesitate to ask them to repeat themselves

Speaking slowly

The western accent could be a little tough for Indians to

understand so make sure to clearly enunciate all sounds and

maintain an easeful pace while talking

Greetings

Personal relationships hold high importance in Indian culture so itrsquos

necessary to greet every individual in the most respectful manner

When meeting a group of people be sure to greet each person

individually

As a result of the hierarchical social structure in India be sure to

greet the oldest members of the group first

Greeting people (formally) by titles is important until you have permission

to use someonersquos given name

Handshakes are the standard formal greeting among men

Avoid any touching other than the initial handshake

Greeting women

12

In all settings it may be unusual if a man and woman or even two

women shake hands

Look to see if the person you are greeting is expecting a

handshake or ldquonamasterdquo which is a traditional greeting in which the

palms are together at chest level with fingers pointing up

Similar to greeting individuals in a group each person must be individually

addressed when bidding farewell

Body Language

Sustained eye contact is not necessary

Uncleanliness

Feet and the left hand are considered to be very dirty in India

Avoid all action that involves the left hand including eating

accepting or receiving an item etc

Do not rest feet on furniture or point them at anyone

Apologize right away if your feet or shoes happen to touch anyone

Avoid angry aggressive postures

Folded arms

Hands on Hip

DO NOT

Touch anyonersquos head including a childrsquos because the head is viewed as

ldquothe seat of the soulrdquo

Beckon an individual with the palm up and wagging a finger is viewed as

an insult

Whistle in any setting as this is very impolite

Wink in any manner as this can be viewed as a sexual proposition or an

insult

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

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मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

8

Module 4 Sample job application forms CVs amp Resumes Description

This section provides examples of job application forms curriculum vitae and resumes

that can be used to support the building and creating of documents that would needed

when applying for jobs in India Keep in mind the slight differences between formatting

and how to assert experience education and background accordingly

Module 5 Reading job advertisements

It is vital when looking for jobs on an international platform that one be familiar with how

to read a job advertisement deduce its contents and find the most necessary

information Having the skills to weed through and thoroughly examine positions based

off qualifications time of posting region and company allows for a more successful

transition into the working world

Module 6 Sample cover letters

The formatting of cover letters varies depending on what suits best with onersquos job

market and what the employer is looking for While the general structure of all cover

letters is universal there are aspects of Indian business that are quite pertinent to the

formatting and although may not always be applicable are important to keep in mind

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

One of the greatest tools one can have is the ability to recognize business specific

diction beyond the scope of general terminology In order to comprehend meetings

presentations colleagues and relevant media one should have a grasp of commonly

used business language

9

Module 1 Socio-Cultural Etiquette

10

Elements of everyday communication

Official Languages

Hindi

Hindi is recognized by central government as the official language of India

however each state in India has its own official language

English

Commonly spoken throughout the bigger modernized cities of India

especially in the business politics and educational setting language of

international commerce

Managers and people of higher positions in all industries speak English

fluently as English is an official language in India

The use of English mixed in with Hindi and vice versa is common

Middle-class Indians generally speak English and even workers of lower

skill levels may have basic English speaking skills

English in India (Cautionary Tips)

Saying ldquoNordquo

Direct refusals can be seen as very rude in India

Use answers such as ldquoIrsquoll tryrdquo as these answers provide a more

polite connotation

Indirectness is common among Indians

ldquoCertainly we will tryrdquo or ldquoYes Irsquoll try my bestrdquo are two common

phrases that most commonly mean ldquonordquo

Refrain from trying to obtain a more direct answer

This often times will put an individual on the spot and make

himher feel uncomfortable

11

Use questions to bring out a more direct response without putting

the individual on the spot such as ldquoSo what time can I expect this

to be donerdquo

Unusual phrases

Phrases such as ldquoWhat is your good namerdquo (Whatrsquos your name) are

commonly used in India

When referring to the date in English remember that the format is

day month and then year So rather than May 19th 2014 it would

be expressed as 19th May 2014 or 190514

Do not hesitate to ask them to repeat themselves

Speaking slowly

The western accent could be a little tough for Indians to

understand so make sure to clearly enunciate all sounds and

maintain an easeful pace while talking

Greetings

Personal relationships hold high importance in Indian culture so itrsquos

necessary to greet every individual in the most respectful manner

When meeting a group of people be sure to greet each person

individually

As a result of the hierarchical social structure in India be sure to

greet the oldest members of the group first

Greeting people (formally) by titles is important until you have permission

to use someonersquos given name

Handshakes are the standard formal greeting among men

Avoid any touching other than the initial handshake

Greeting women

12

In all settings it may be unusual if a man and woman or even two

women shake hands

Look to see if the person you are greeting is expecting a

handshake or ldquonamasterdquo which is a traditional greeting in which the

palms are together at chest level with fingers pointing up

Similar to greeting individuals in a group each person must be individually

addressed when bidding farewell

Body Language

Sustained eye contact is not necessary

Uncleanliness

Feet and the left hand are considered to be very dirty in India

Avoid all action that involves the left hand including eating

accepting or receiving an item etc

Do not rest feet on furniture or point them at anyone

Apologize right away if your feet or shoes happen to touch anyone

Avoid angry aggressive postures

Folded arms

Hands on Hip

DO NOT

Touch anyonersquos head including a childrsquos because the head is viewed as

ldquothe seat of the soulrdquo

Beckon an individual with the palm up and wagging a finger is viewed as

an insult

Whistle in any setting as this is very impolite

Wink in any manner as this can be viewed as a sexual proposition or an

insult

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

9

Module 1 Socio-Cultural Etiquette

10

Elements of everyday communication

Official Languages

Hindi

Hindi is recognized by central government as the official language of India

however each state in India has its own official language

English

Commonly spoken throughout the bigger modernized cities of India

especially in the business politics and educational setting language of

international commerce

Managers and people of higher positions in all industries speak English

fluently as English is an official language in India

The use of English mixed in with Hindi and vice versa is common

Middle-class Indians generally speak English and even workers of lower

skill levels may have basic English speaking skills

English in India (Cautionary Tips)

Saying ldquoNordquo

Direct refusals can be seen as very rude in India

Use answers such as ldquoIrsquoll tryrdquo as these answers provide a more

polite connotation

Indirectness is common among Indians

ldquoCertainly we will tryrdquo or ldquoYes Irsquoll try my bestrdquo are two common

phrases that most commonly mean ldquonordquo

Refrain from trying to obtain a more direct answer

This often times will put an individual on the spot and make

himher feel uncomfortable

11

Use questions to bring out a more direct response without putting

the individual on the spot such as ldquoSo what time can I expect this

to be donerdquo

Unusual phrases

Phrases such as ldquoWhat is your good namerdquo (Whatrsquos your name) are

commonly used in India

When referring to the date in English remember that the format is

day month and then year So rather than May 19th 2014 it would

be expressed as 19th May 2014 or 190514

Do not hesitate to ask them to repeat themselves

Speaking slowly

The western accent could be a little tough for Indians to

understand so make sure to clearly enunciate all sounds and

maintain an easeful pace while talking

Greetings

Personal relationships hold high importance in Indian culture so itrsquos

necessary to greet every individual in the most respectful manner

When meeting a group of people be sure to greet each person

individually

As a result of the hierarchical social structure in India be sure to

greet the oldest members of the group first

Greeting people (formally) by titles is important until you have permission

to use someonersquos given name

Handshakes are the standard formal greeting among men

Avoid any touching other than the initial handshake

Greeting women

12

In all settings it may be unusual if a man and woman or even two

women shake hands

Look to see if the person you are greeting is expecting a

handshake or ldquonamasterdquo which is a traditional greeting in which the

palms are together at chest level with fingers pointing up

Similar to greeting individuals in a group each person must be individually

addressed when bidding farewell

Body Language

Sustained eye contact is not necessary

Uncleanliness

Feet and the left hand are considered to be very dirty in India

Avoid all action that involves the left hand including eating

accepting or receiving an item etc

Do not rest feet on furniture or point them at anyone

Apologize right away if your feet or shoes happen to touch anyone

Avoid angry aggressive postures

Folded arms

Hands on Hip

DO NOT

Touch anyonersquos head including a childrsquos because the head is viewed as

ldquothe seat of the soulrdquo

Beckon an individual with the palm up and wagging a finger is viewed as

an insult

Whistle in any setting as this is very impolite

Wink in any manner as this can be viewed as a sexual proposition or an

insult

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

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SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

10

Elements of everyday communication

Official Languages

Hindi

Hindi is recognized by central government as the official language of India

however each state in India has its own official language

English

Commonly spoken throughout the bigger modernized cities of India

especially in the business politics and educational setting language of

international commerce

Managers and people of higher positions in all industries speak English

fluently as English is an official language in India

The use of English mixed in with Hindi and vice versa is common

Middle-class Indians generally speak English and even workers of lower

skill levels may have basic English speaking skills

English in India (Cautionary Tips)

Saying ldquoNordquo

Direct refusals can be seen as very rude in India

Use answers such as ldquoIrsquoll tryrdquo as these answers provide a more

polite connotation

Indirectness is common among Indians

ldquoCertainly we will tryrdquo or ldquoYes Irsquoll try my bestrdquo are two common

phrases that most commonly mean ldquonordquo

Refrain from trying to obtain a more direct answer

This often times will put an individual on the spot and make

himher feel uncomfortable

11

Use questions to bring out a more direct response without putting

the individual on the spot such as ldquoSo what time can I expect this

to be donerdquo

Unusual phrases

Phrases such as ldquoWhat is your good namerdquo (Whatrsquos your name) are

commonly used in India

When referring to the date in English remember that the format is

day month and then year So rather than May 19th 2014 it would

be expressed as 19th May 2014 or 190514

Do not hesitate to ask them to repeat themselves

Speaking slowly

The western accent could be a little tough for Indians to

understand so make sure to clearly enunciate all sounds and

maintain an easeful pace while talking

Greetings

Personal relationships hold high importance in Indian culture so itrsquos

necessary to greet every individual in the most respectful manner

When meeting a group of people be sure to greet each person

individually

As a result of the hierarchical social structure in India be sure to

greet the oldest members of the group first

Greeting people (formally) by titles is important until you have permission

to use someonersquos given name

Handshakes are the standard formal greeting among men

Avoid any touching other than the initial handshake

Greeting women

12

In all settings it may be unusual if a man and woman or even two

women shake hands

Look to see if the person you are greeting is expecting a

handshake or ldquonamasterdquo which is a traditional greeting in which the

palms are together at chest level with fingers pointing up

Similar to greeting individuals in a group each person must be individually

addressed when bidding farewell

Body Language

Sustained eye contact is not necessary

Uncleanliness

Feet and the left hand are considered to be very dirty in India

Avoid all action that involves the left hand including eating

accepting or receiving an item etc

Do not rest feet on furniture or point them at anyone

Apologize right away if your feet or shoes happen to touch anyone

Avoid angry aggressive postures

Folded arms

Hands on Hip

DO NOT

Touch anyonersquos head including a childrsquos because the head is viewed as

ldquothe seat of the soulrdquo

Beckon an individual with the palm up and wagging a finger is viewed as

an insult

Whistle in any setting as this is very impolite

Wink in any manner as this can be viewed as a sexual proposition or an

insult

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

11

Use questions to bring out a more direct response without putting

the individual on the spot such as ldquoSo what time can I expect this

to be donerdquo

Unusual phrases

Phrases such as ldquoWhat is your good namerdquo (Whatrsquos your name) are

commonly used in India

When referring to the date in English remember that the format is

day month and then year So rather than May 19th 2014 it would

be expressed as 19th May 2014 or 190514

Do not hesitate to ask them to repeat themselves

Speaking slowly

The western accent could be a little tough for Indians to

understand so make sure to clearly enunciate all sounds and

maintain an easeful pace while talking

Greetings

Personal relationships hold high importance in Indian culture so itrsquos

necessary to greet every individual in the most respectful manner

When meeting a group of people be sure to greet each person

individually

As a result of the hierarchical social structure in India be sure to

greet the oldest members of the group first

Greeting people (formally) by titles is important until you have permission

to use someonersquos given name

Handshakes are the standard formal greeting among men

Avoid any touching other than the initial handshake

Greeting women

12

In all settings it may be unusual if a man and woman or even two

women shake hands

Look to see if the person you are greeting is expecting a

handshake or ldquonamasterdquo which is a traditional greeting in which the

palms are together at chest level with fingers pointing up

Similar to greeting individuals in a group each person must be individually

addressed when bidding farewell

Body Language

Sustained eye contact is not necessary

Uncleanliness

Feet and the left hand are considered to be very dirty in India

Avoid all action that involves the left hand including eating

accepting or receiving an item etc

Do not rest feet on furniture or point them at anyone

Apologize right away if your feet or shoes happen to touch anyone

Avoid angry aggressive postures

Folded arms

Hands on Hip

DO NOT

Touch anyonersquos head including a childrsquos because the head is viewed as

ldquothe seat of the soulrdquo

Beckon an individual with the palm up and wagging a finger is viewed as

an insult

Whistle in any setting as this is very impolite

Wink in any manner as this can be viewed as a sexual proposition or an

insult

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

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मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

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IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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Module 6

Sample cover letters

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SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

12

In all settings it may be unusual if a man and woman or even two

women shake hands

Look to see if the person you are greeting is expecting a

handshake or ldquonamasterdquo which is a traditional greeting in which the

palms are together at chest level with fingers pointing up

Similar to greeting individuals in a group each person must be individually

addressed when bidding farewell

Body Language

Sustained eye contact is not necessary

Uncleanliness

Feet and the left hand are considered to be very dirty in India

Avoid all action that involves the left hand including eating

accepting or receiving an item etc

Do not rest feet on furniture or point them at anyone

Apologize right away if your feet or shoes happen to touch anyone

Avoid angry aggressive postures

Folded arms

Hands on Hip

DO NOT

Touch anyonersquos head including a childrsquos because the head is viewed as

ldquothe seat of the soulrdquo

Beckon an individual with the palm up and wagging a finger is viewed as

an insult

Whistle in any setting as this is very impolite

Wink in any manner as this can be viewed as a sexual proposition or an

insult

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

13

Meals

Etiquette during a meal

Food is almost always eaten by hand

For those who are left-handed get used to using your right hand

Cutlery may not be provided however often times spoons or forks are

available so do not be afraid to ask your host (at home) or waiterwaitress

(at restaurant)

Sharing food is common among Indians at home and at restaurants

If you use your right hand to eat wait for the host or waiter to serve you to

keep the serving spoon clean

It is common for large orders to be split among all the guests

Sharing food andor drinks or even cutlery from an individualrsquos plate is

very impolite

Respecting social order

Wait for the eldest person to sit before taking your seat and wait for

himher to begin eating before you begin eating

Similarly wait for the host or the eldest person to finish his or her food

before leaving the table

If you must leave early ask permission from the host or the eldest person

at the table

Be aware of the religion factor

Vegetarianism is common in India

Hindus do not eat beef and Muslims do not eat pork

Itrsquos acceptable to eat meat even if the others are vegetarian just be

sensitive towards their food choices

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

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Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

14

Many Hindus and Muslims donrsquot drink alcohol so follow their lead when

ordering drinks Never directly ask an Indian if heshe would like beer but

ask a general question such as ldquoWhat would you like to drinkrdquo

Tipping at Restaurants

Most restaurants already place a service charge

If therersquos no service charge a 10 tip is enough

Feel free to leave a 10 tip even if there was a service charge to show

appreciation

Role of the Family

Indian lives revolve around strong family values

India has one of the lowest divorce rates in the world

Arranged marriages are still common however the number is slowly

declining

Large family household

It is common to see relatives living together in one house

Many small businesses are family-owned in which the employees are all

family members and it may be normal to see employers prioritizing their

family members as prospective employees

Religious Influence

The caste system

o India has traditionally built society around a caste system which restrained

interactions among members between different castes

o In a business context in modern India especially among leading Indian

and international companies this should not be as much of a problem for

Indians or anyone travelling to India with a business purpose

o In India and neighboring countries caste plays a significant role and are

found mentioned in job advertisements Caste seems to play a bigger role

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

15

in the informal sector in India which attract workers who are unskilled less

educated and are paid extremely low thanks to the over supply of workers

relative to the demand (Dsouza Singh amp Ranjan 2015) The table below

depicts a sample job ad that illustrates this still prevalent discrimination in

business India

Religions in India India is known for its diversity in culture languages and religion

Buddhism Christianity Islam and Hinduism are all found in India however hinduism is by far the largest makeup of the population

Due to Hinduismrsquos influence be sure to remove your shoes before entering any temple home and sometimes even store Signs that say ldquoplease remove shoesrdquo are very common

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

16

Module 2 Conversations in socio-business situations

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

17

Purchasing a SIM Card

मीरा भईया जी xया आपक पास SIM card ह

दकानदार जी हा आपको कस कपनी का SIM card चािहए|

मीरा कस-कस कपनी क काड ह

दकानदार मर पास सारी कमािनय क काड ह | वोडाफ़ोन एयरटल रलायस और बी एस एन एल

क काड ह |

मीरा सबस अछा लान कस कपनी का ह|

दकानदार यह तो आपक ज़रत पर िनभर करता ह| अगर आपको फ़ोन पर यादा बातiexcl करनी ह तो

एयरटल और अगर इटरनट का इpoundतमाल करना ह तो रलायस अछा होगा |

मीरा तब तो मझ एक एयरटल का काड चािहए| इसक िलए मझ xया करना होगा

दकानदार आपको एक address proof और एक passport size फोटो दना होगा|

मीरा यह लीिजय| और काड का कतना sectआ

दकानदार पचास umlपय|

मीरा शordfया

दकानदार कोई बात नहnot |

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

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मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

18

Transliteration and Translation

Mira Bhaiya ji kyaa aap-ke paas sim card hai

Sir do you have SIM cards

Dukaandaar Ji haan aap-ko kis company kaa sim card caahiye

Yes card of which company do you want

Mira Kis-kis company ke card hain What all companyrsquos cards do you have

Dukaandaar Mere paas saarii companyon ke card hain Voda-phone airtel reliance aur BSNL ke card hain

I have cards of all companies I have Vodaphone airtel reliance and BSNL cards

Mira Sabse acchaa plan kis company kaa hai

Which one is the best

Dukaandaar Yah to aap-ke zarurat par nirbhar kartaa hai Agar aap-ko phone par zyaadaa baaten karnii hai to Airtel agar internet kaa istemaal karnaa hai to reliance acchaa hogaa

It depends on your need If you want to use phone for conversation then Airtel If you want to use it for internet then reliance would be better

Mira Tab to mujhe ek Airtel kaa card caahiye Iske liye mujhe kyaa karnaa hogaa

Then I want one airtel sim card What would I have to do for it

Dukaandaar Aap-ko ek address proof aur ek passport size photo denaa hogaa

You would have to give an address proof and one passport size photo

Mira Yah liijiye Aur card kaa kitnaa huaa Please take these How much for the card

Dukaandaar Pacaas rupaye 50 rupees Mira Shukriyaa Thanks Dukaandaar Koi baat nahin Itrsquos okay

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

19

Purchasing a train ticket

पीटर भाई साहब मझ दshyली क टकट चािहए |

टकट वाला आपको कब क टकट चािहए

पीटर मझ कल शाम क दो टकटiexcl चािहए | कस regन क टकट उपलdegध ह

टकट वाला सपण ordfाित मiexcl टकट उपलdegध ह | आपको कस xलास क टकट चािहए

पीटर xया पहल दज क टकट उपलdegध ह|

टकट वाला जी हा म टकट बक कर द |

पीटर जी हा कपा करक एसी क दो टकटiexcl बक कर दीिजए |

टकट वाला जी िबshyकल| अभी करता para |

पीटर धयवाद

टकट वाला दो टकट क कल बारह सौ sectए|

पीटर यह लीिजए| बsectत बsectत शordfया भाई साहब |

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

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अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

20

Transliteration and Translation

Peter Bhaai sahib mujhe delhi kii ticket

caahiye

Brother I need ticket for Delhi

Ticket-

wala

Aap-ko kab kii ticket caahiye For when do you want the

ticket

Peter Mujhe kal sham kii do ticketen

caahiye Kis train kii uplabdh hai

I want ticket for tomorrow

evening Which trainrsquos ticket

are available

Ticket-

wala

Sampurn krantii me ticket uplabdh

hain Aap-ko kis class kii ticket

caahiye

Tickets are available in

SampurN kranti Which class

do you need

Peter Kyaa pahale darje kii ticket uplabdh

hai

Is first class available

Ticket-

wala

Ji haan kyaa main ticket book kar

dun

Yes Should I book the ticket

then

Peter Ji haan kripaa karke AC kii do

ticketen book kar diijiye

Yes Please book two AC

tickets

Ticket-

wala

Ji bilkul abhi kartaa hun Of course I will do it right

away

Peter Dhanyavaad Thanks

Ticket-

wala

Do ticket ke kul baarah sau hue Total 12 hundred for 2 tickets

Peter Yah liijiye Bahut bahut shukriya bhaai

sahib

Please take this Many many

thanks brother

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

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topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

21

Getting a taxi

जनी हलो Meru cab

औरत जी म आपक िलए xया कर सकती para

जनी मझ ऑफस जान क िलए एक cab चािहए |

औरत आपको cab कब चािहए

जनी मझ अभी एक cab चािहए | xया यह सभव ह

औरत जी हा आपका पता और फ़ोन नबर xया ह|

जनी मरा पता ५६४ frac14टर कलाश ह और फ़ोन नबर ९१---२३४५ ह|

औरत धयवाद| आपक ऑफस का पता xया ह

जनी मरा ऑफस कनौट लस मiexcl ह|

औरत धयवाद cab आध घट मiexcl आपक घर पर होगा |

जनी xया cab driver मझ फ़ोन करगा

औरत जी मडम वह आपको फ़ोन करगा |

जनी धयवाद कतन पस हग

औरत मझ मालम नहnot यह आपको driver बताएगा |

जनी xया उसक पास card swiping machine होगा

औरत जी हा|

जनी ठीक ह बाय

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

22

Transliteration and Translation

Jenny Hello Meru cab Hello Meru cab Aurat Ji main aap-ke liye kyaa kar saktii hun Yes what can I do for

you Jenny Mujhe office jaane ke liye ek cab caahiye I need a car to go to the

office Aurat Aap-ko cab kab caahiye When do you need a cab Jenny Mujhe abhii ek cab caahiye Kyaa yah

sambhav hai I want a cab right now Is it possible

Aurat Ji haan aap-kaa pataa aur phone number kyaa hai

Yes What is your address and phone number

Jenny Meraa pataa 564 greater kailaash hai aur phone number 91-hellip-hellip-2345 hai

My address is 564 greater Kailaash and phone number is 91-hellip-hellip-2345

Aurat Dhanyavaad Aap-ke office kaa pataa kyaa hai

Thanks What is your officersquos address

Jenny Meraa office Connaught place me hai My office is in Connaught place

Aurat Dhanyavaad Cab aadhe ghante me aap-ke ghar par hogaa

Thanks Cab will be at your place in half an hour

Jenny Kyaa cab driver mujhe phone karegaa Will driver call me Aurat Ji madam wah aap-ko phone karegaa Yes madam He will call

you Jenny Dhanayabaad kitne paise honge Thanks What would be

the total price Aurat mujhe maalom nahin Yah aap-ko driver

bataayegaa I donrsquot know The driver will tell you this

Jenny Kyaa uske paas card swiping machine hogaa

Will he have card swiping machine

Aurat Jii haan Yes Jenny Thik hai bye Okay Bye

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

23

Bargaining at a market

िलज़ भईया यह poundकट कतन क ह

दकानदार ५०० umlपय|

िलज़ नहnot भईया यह तो बsectत Aumlयादा बोल रह हो| म तो िसफ २०० दगी|

दकानदार नहnot मडम २०० तो बsectत कम ह| चलो आप ४०० द दो|

िलज़ नहnot कोई बात नहnot म कहnot और स ल लगी (िलज़ जान लगती ह)

दकानदार इस स सpoundती कहnot नहnot िमलगी| चलो आप ३०० द दो|

िलज़ ठीक ह यह लो|

दकानदार और कछ दखाऊ|

िलज़ नहnot बस यही चािहए थी| धयवाद

दकानदार मर पास सदर टॉपस ह|

िलज़ नहnot भईया जी बाद मiexcl दखगी|

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

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Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

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अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

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च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

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पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

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मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

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लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

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िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

24

Transliteration and Translation

Liz Bhaiyaa yah skirt kitne kii hai Brother how much is for this

skirt

Dukaandaa

r

500 rupaye 500 rupees

Liz Nahiin bhaiya ye bahut zyaada bol

rahe ho Mai to sirf 200 dungii

No brother you are telling too

much (of its cost) I will give only

200

Dukaandaa

r

Nahin madaim 200 to bahut kam

hai Calo aap 400 de do

No madam 200 is so less

Okay you give 400 only

Liz Nahin koi baat nahin Main kahin

aur se le lungii (Liz jaane lagtii hai)

No Itrsquos okay I will buy it from

somewhere else (Liz starts

leaving)

Dukaandaa

r

Is se sastii kahin nahin milegii Calo

aap 300 de do

You will not get cheaper than

this anywhere Okay you give

only 300

Liz Thik hai yah lo Okay Please take this

Dukaandaa

r

Aur kuch dikhaau Should I show you anything

else

Liz Nahian bas yahi caahiye thii

Dhanyavaad

No I just needed this

Dukaandaa

r

Mere paas sundar tops hain I have beautiful tops

Liz Nahin bhaiyaa baad me dekhungii No brother I will see them later

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

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Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

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अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

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च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

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पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

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Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

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बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

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मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

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मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

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लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

25

Mailing a letter or package

सरा नमpoundत बिहन जी मझ एक पEacute दshyली भजना ह|

मिहला ठीक ह मझ दीिजय| xया आप इस साधारण डाक स भजना चाहती ह या speed post

करना चाहती ह

सरा नहnot साधारण डाक स ही भजना चाहती para |

मिहला ठीक ह| तो इस साधारण डाक स भजन मiexcl तीन umlपय क टकट लगगी |

सरा बsectत अछा यह लीिजय तीन umlपय | अछा मझ एक पकज अमरका भी भजना ह|

उसमiexcl कतना लगगा

मिहला यह तो आपक पकज क वजन पर िनभर करता ह| कतना भारी ह

सरा लगभग दो कलो|

मिहल शायद उस अमरका भजन मiexcl पाच सौ लग|

सरा इस जानकारी क िलए बsectत धयवाद|

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

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Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

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अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

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च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

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पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

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Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

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बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

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मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

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मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

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लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

26

Transliteration and Translation

Sara Namaste bahan ji mujhe ek patr

delhi bhejanaa hai

Hello sister I have to send this letter

to Delhi

Mahilaa Thik hai mujhe diijiye Kyaa aap ise

sadhaaran daak se bhejanaa cahatii

hai yaa speed post karanaa cahatii

hai

Okay Please give this to me DO

you want to send it by general post

or by speed post

Sara Nahin sadhaaran daak se hii

bhejnaa cahatii hun

I want to send it through general

post

Mahilaa Thik hai to ise saadhaaran daak se

bhejane me tiin rupaye kii ticket

lagegii

Okay So it will cost you ticket of

three rupees

Sara Bahut acchaa ye liijiye tiin rupaye

Acchaa mujhe ek package America

bhi bhejanaa hai Usme kitanaa

lagegaa

Okay please take three rupees

Okay I have to send a package to

America How much is that for

Mahilaa Yah to aap-ke package ke wajan par

nirbhar kartaa hai Kitanaa bhaarii

hai

This depends on the weight of your

package How heavy is it

Sara Lagabhag do kilo Approx 2 kilo

Mahilaa Shaayad use America bhejane me

500 lage

Perhaps it would cost you 500

rupees

Sara Is jaankaarii ke liye bahut

Dhanyavaad

Thanks for this information

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

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Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

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अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

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च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

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पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

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Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

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बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

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मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

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लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

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िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

27

Interviewing for a job

सजीव xया म अदर आ सकता para

मनजर जी अदर आइय और बठय|

सजीव बsectत शordfया| नमpoundत

मनजर नमpoundत xया आप अपन Ecircमाण पEacute लाय ह

सजीव जी हा यह लीिजय |

मनजर (थोड़ी दर Ecircमाण पEacute को दखता ह) आप तो एक अछ छाEacute रह ह |

सजीव धयवाद|

मनजर तो आपको बक मiexcl काम करन का कोई अनभव ह|

सजीव म अभी अभी कालज पास कया para और कोई ख़ास अनभव तो नहnot ह लकन मन अपन कालज

क दौरान बक मiexcl internship कया ह और बक स सबिधत बsectत सार काम क बार मiexcl

जानता para |

मनजर अछा यह तो बsectत अछी बात ह लकन यह बताइय क आप आग पढ़ाई करन क बजाय

नौकरी xय करना चाहत ह

सजीव म आग चलक investment banking मiexcl अपना career बनाना चाहता para इसिलए म कालज

क बाद और आग क पढ़ाई क पहल थोड़ा practical जानकारी हािसल करना चाहता para|

मनजर अछा आपक योजना तो बsectत अछी ह| लकन यह बताइय क आपन नौकरी क िलए

हमारा बन ही xय चना

सजीव मन यह बक चना xयक आपका बक एक िनजी बक ह और investment banking मiexcl दश

का अवल बक ह| मझ पण िवIcircास ह क यहा काम करक मझ बsectत सारी बारीक बातiexcl सीखन

को िमलiexclगी |

मनजर िबलकल सही कहा आपन मझ भी आशा ह क आप हमार यहा काम करत sectए एक अछा

अनभव EcircाIuml करiexcl और आग अपना भिवETHय सिनिNtildeत करiexcl |

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

28

सजीव जी आपका बsectत शordfया | तो म कब स काम पर आ सकता para

मनजर आप कल स आ जाइए| पहल महीन आपक training होगी उस महीन मiexcl आपको आधी वतन

िमलगी फर आप उसक अगल महीन स अपना काम श करiexclग |

सजीव जी बsectत अछा| फर हम कल िमलiexclग |

मनजर ठीक ह| नमpoundत|

सजीव नमpoundत |

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

29

Transliteration and Translation

Sanjeev Kyaa main andar aa sakataa hun May I come in

Manager Ji andar aaiye aur baiThiye Yes Please come and sit

Sanjeev Bahut shukriyaa Namaste Thanks Hello

Manager Namaste Kyaa aap apane pramaaN

patra laaye hain

Hello Have your brought your

certificates

Sanjeev Ji haan yah liijiye Yes Please take this

Manager (ThoDii der pramaaN patro ko dekhataa

hai) Aap to ek acche chaatra rahe hain

(Looking at the certificates for

a while) You have been a

good student

Sanjeev Dhanyavaad Thanks

Manager To aap-ko bank me kaam karne kaa koi

anubhav hai

So do you have any

experience of working at a

bank

Sanjeev Main abhi-abhi college pass kiyaa hun

aur koi khaas anubhav to nahin hai

lekin mai apane college ke dauraan

bankon me intership kiyaa hai aur

banko so sambandhit bahut saare kamo

ke baare jaantaa hun

I just passes my college and I

do not have much experience

but during my college time I

have worked as an intern at a

bank and I have learned a lot

about working in a bank

Manager Acchaa Ye to bahut acchii baat hai

lekin yah bataaiye ki aap aage paDhaaii

karane ke wajaay naukarii kyu kaam

Good This is good Ok let me

one thing why do you want to

work instead of continuing

30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

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httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

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Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

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30

karnaa caahate hain your education further

Sanjeev Main aage cal ke investment banking

me apanaa career banana cahataa hun

isliye college ke baad aur aage

paDhaaii karne ke pahle ThoDaa

practical jaankaarii haasil karnaa

cahataa hun

I would like to make my career

in investment banking this is

why after college and before

my further study I would like

to gain some practical

experience

Manager Acchaa aap-ki yojana to bahut acchii

hai Lekin yah bataaiye kii naukarii ke

liye aap ne hamaaraa bank hi kyu

cunaa

Good Your plan is very good

But please tell me why did you

choose our bank

Sanjeev Maine yah bank cunaa kyukii aapkaa

bank ek nijii bank hai aur investment

banking me aap-kaa bank awal bank

hai Mujhe purN vishwaas hai ki yahaan

kaam karke mujhe bahur saarii baarikq

baaten siikhane ko milegii

I chose this bank because

your bank is a private bank

and the top bank in

investment banking I strongly

believe that while working

here I will learn lots of details

about banking

Manager Bilkul sahii kahaa aapne mujhe aashaa

hai ki aap hamaare yahaa kaam karte

hue ek acchaa anubhav prapt karen

aura aage apna bhawishya sunishcit

karen

You are right I hope that you

will gain good experience here

and secure your career

ahead

Sanjeev Ji aap-kaa bahut shukriyaa To main

kab se kaam par aa saktaa hun

Yes thanks to you So when

can I start my work here

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

31

Manager Aap kal se aa jaaiye Pahane mahine

aap-kii training hogii us mahine me aap-

ko aashii wetan milegii phir aap uske

agale mahine se apanaa kaam shuru

karenge

You can come from tomorrow

In the first month you will

receive training on half salary

but from the next month you

will start working here full

time

Sanjeev Ji bahut acchaa Phir ham kal milenge Okay this is great So we will

see each other tomorrow

Manager Thik hai Namaste Okay Bye

Sanjeev Namste Bye

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

32

Module 3

Business culture etiquette

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

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httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

33

Indian business values

Compared to the United States India values a hierarchical approach to organizing both

a business and society Indian society respects individuality however the focus is

placed on the respect and maintenance of the collective good Individuals are almost

equally as competitive and place a large amount of importance on success yet they

express their pride in their work differently Indians tend to be more restrictive in their

acceptance of leisure time or participating in actions out of whim or aspiration and

therefore many people may find it difficult to indulge when unnecessary Within the

Indian business context people in general are more likely to adjust to changing plans

allow room for uncertainty or imperfection and settle in circumstances for the time

being That is not to say hard work is not required but space and patience is available

in cases of inconsistencies

Business Etiquette

Attire

Traditional clothing (Saris for women KurtasDhoti for men)

Less common in urban areas such as Mumbai Delhi Chennai etc

Wearing traditional clothing is a tradition that has tremendously gone

down over the years of Indiarsquos economic growth and increase in feminism

Can be worn to special events such as weddings religious events

birthday parties etc if you do not want to wear traditional clothing to work

Common outfits

Itrsquos common to see both men and women wearing western-influenced

clothing

For men

Suits and ties are the standard

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

34

Unless you work in the banking or law sector wearing a tie is not

necessary

A button-down shirt tie and khaki pants is also acceptable as

business wear

IT Department

Less formal than other sectors follow fellow colleagues to

see what the norm is

In the summer months

A suit made with loose fabric

Button-down shirt with tie and khakis

Kurta with cotton bottoms (pajama pants)

In winter months

Suit

Sweater with dress pants

For women

Women dress very conservatively whether the attire is western-

influenced or traditionally based

Pant-suits and long skirts are the norm for women

A trouser-suit is more advised than a skirt due to

Indiarsquos conservative nature

Loose-fitting clothing is most appropriate for the environment

and full-sleeved shirts meet cultural etiquette

Non-Indian women wearing a sari or salwar suit is perceived

very well by Indian employees

It is essential that women cover their upper arms shoulders back

chest and legs until the knees

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

35

Management of Indian Employees

Business roles in India follow a formal hierarchical approach When given

a management position make sure to

Act in charge and keep your level of strictness

Refrain from doing tasks that can be done by someone lower than

you to make sure your reputation and credibility arenrsquot ruined

Decision-making processes in India are top-down so expect the

employees below you to ask for complete instructions Similarly

ask the management above you before making any sort of

decisions

Making small talk with employees

Small talk with your employees shows that you are genuinely

interested in their lives

Avoid touchy topics such as Indiarsquos poverty the caste system

immigration and any difficult areas in international relations

Inquire about Indiarsquos cricket team and other aspects of India that

make the employees proud to talk about their country

Understanding the companyrsquos overall mentality

Make sure you understand the philosophy of the company from the

head managementrsquos position and refrain from stepping out of line

with this philosophy

The boss of the company is always right during the decision-

making process

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

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Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

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अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

36

Business Meetings

Planning a meeting

Planning meetings can be a hectic process as there are many holidays

observed in India so begin planning any meetings months in advance to

avoid conflicting dates

Send a complete outline of the agenda with any supplemental instruction

to each person before the meeting starts

E-mail is the best way to get in contact with any business contact

Remind all the guests of the meeting a day before the event by phone as

a courteous gesture

During a meeting

Punctuality is expected however expect latecomers to the meeting in

order to avoid frustration

Expect many interruptions throughout the meeting and for the meeting to

start and end late

Refreshments during the meeting are very important (water tea snacks

etc)

Everything moves at a slower pace in India so prepare yourself to keep

your cool when a delay occurs

Social protocols

Address everyone formally until the formality decreases in the room (Dr

Mr Ms etc) amp always address the the seniors in the room first

Small talk in the beginning of a meeting is advisable as it shows you are

making an effort to become personable with the others

If you host the meeting make sure you clearly outline and specify who you

are what role you serve and what the purpose of the meeting is as

Indians love precise directions and planning

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

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अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

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मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

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लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

37

Indirectness

Adapt the method of communicating in an indirect manner ASAP as

it will become very useful during your time in India

Ideal business appointments are scheduled for late morningearly

afternoon times

Business Meals

Attending a business meal (at the office)

Arrive on time even though Indians have a tendency of being late

Accept all food or beverage offers unless you have an allergy or a full

stomach try everything you are served

If you have to attend several meetings throughout the day accept little

food offerings at each meeting

Do not say ldquothank yourdquo for the food but rather praise the food and show

your gratitude

Attending a business meal (at a business colleaguersquos home)

It is common to visit a colleaguersquos home for dinner

Dos

Remove your shoes at the door

Bring a modest gift such as flowers or some sweets

Give the gift with both hands and receive any gifts with your right

hand

Arrive on time

Praise the food

Accept any extra food if offered by the host

Donrsquots

Refuse any food or drink offered to you unless you are allergic to

something

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

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SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

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practices-in-India

84

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topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

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Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

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httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

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business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

38

Say thank you at the end of the meal

Bring up any business topics unless the host does so

Negotiations

Before any of the negotiations begin understand three things

Things will move slowly

Many rounds of negotiations occur before coming to a decision

Until trust is built between the two negotiators no decision can be

made

For most efficient negotiations get in contact with the companyrsquos

senior managers

Aside from powerpoints and statistics Indians follow their gut

feeling regarding trust and faith when making a business decision

Any business decisions will be made at the highest level of administration

If you happen to notice that you are not meeting with any senior

manager at a business meeting it is likely that no decision will be

made that day

Create and maintain a personal relationship with members of the

company you are negotiating with

Force and confrontation is not recommended

Indians value peace and harmony over any kind of conflict

Never disagree with an individual in public take him aside after the

meeting and kindly address any concerns then

Bargaining is common and can be very strenuous however it is

important to always maintain your composure

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

39

Business Cards

Exchanging business cards on first meetings is common

Givereceive business cards with either your right or both hands and handle

othersrsquo business cards respectfully

A Hindi translation on one side of the business card is a smart idea that could

impress your business contact

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

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hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

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httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

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httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

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84

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topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

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Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

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httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

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Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

40

Module 4 Sample Resume Formats

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

41

Sample 1 Curriculum Vitae OgraveिOacute वOcirc

Photo फ़ोटो

Address पता

Telephone दरभाष

सOumlया

E-Mail ईमल

GoalObjective लtimesयउOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Experience कायनभव

Professional Skills काय कशलता

Honors and Awards समान और परpoundकार

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम

Date of Birth जमितिथ

Gender Yacuteलग

Religion धम

Caste जाित

Nationality नागरकता

Language भाषा

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

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factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

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practices-in-India

84

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topics44120

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Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

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httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

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business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

42

Sample 2

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

Objectives उOslashUgraveय

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़ Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

फ़ोटो

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

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SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

43

SAMPLE 3

Name नाम Address पता

Telephone number दरभाष सOumlया E mail ई मल

GoalsObjectives उOslashUgraveय

Work Experience काय अनभव

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता Hobbies शौक़

फ़ोटो

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

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Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

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अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

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च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

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पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

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मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

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लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

44

SAMPLE 4 Personal Information OgraveिOacuteगत जानकारी

Name नाम FatherrsquosHusbandrsquos name िपतापित का नाम Date of Birth जमितिथ Gender Yacuteलग Caste जाित Religion धम Nationality नागरकता

Educational Qualification शिUcircक योUumlयता

Professional Qualification काय कशलता

Honor and Awards समान व परpoundकार

Work Experience काय अनभव

Computer Skills कयटर-कशलता

Language Skills भाषायी दUcircता

Other Skills अय योUumlयतायiexcl

Strong points सबलता

Weak points िनबलता

Hobbies शौक़

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

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httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

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httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

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Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

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Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

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83

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etiquette-culture-6766html

45

Module 5

Reading and interpreting job announcements

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

46

सरकारी िबजली कपनी सिहत कई िवभाग मiexcl ह 8000 स यादा वकiexcl सी1

मनजर क पद पर ह सरकारी वकiexcl सी

poundकल एजकशन िडपाटमiexclट मiexcl 113 पद िहमाचल Ecircदश बोड ऑफ़ poundकल एजकशन (HPBOSE) न अपरiexclटस xलक क 113 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 9 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटshyसः अपरiexclटस xलक - 113 पद aacuteािलफकशनः frac14जएशन िडfrac14ी सलरीः6000- एिलकशन फसः For General OBC 2Candidates- 600- For All Other Candidates- 400- एज िलिमटः18 स 35 वष चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 9 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwhpboseorg पर िविजट करiexcl

नशनल हाईवज एड इatildeाpoundregxचर डवलपमiexclट कारपोरशन िलिमटड (NHIDCL) न मनजर क 100 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 28 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मनजर क कल पद- 100 aacuteािलफकशनः िसिवल इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः अिधकतम 55 वष सलरीः15600-391003- frac14ड प4- 6600- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

1 It is common in job advertisement to use English words in Hindi script This is because these words are more frequently used but the educated native speakers of Hindi than their Hindi language counterpart 2 Application fees vary according to reservation-based posts OBC stands for other backward castes whereas SC and ST stand for schedule castes and schedule tribes respectively General is an open category in which all can apply and compete 3 Monthly salaries are commonly stated in Indian job advertisements 4 It is also unique in Hindi (Indian) job advertisement to include raise that may be based on time spent in that position

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

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अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

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च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

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पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

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Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

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मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

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मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

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लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

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िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

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शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

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LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

47

मacircय Ecircदश िबजली कपनी मiexcl ह जॉdegस जshyद करiexcl अलाई

मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क िलए िनकली सरकारी वकiexcl सी ऐस करiexcl अलाई

मacircय Ecircदश पिNtildeम UcircEacute िवaeligत िवतरण कपनी िलिमटड (MPPKVVCL) न जिनयर इजीिनयर क 136 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 25 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwmpwzcoin क माacircयम स ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह जिनयर इजीिनयरः36 पद aacuteािलफकशनः िडलोमा इजीिनयaumlरग िडfrac14ी एज िलिमटः18 स 40 वष5 अिधकारक वबसाइट-wwwmpwzcoin सलरीः13960- एिलकशन फसः6

इटलीजiexclट कयिनकशन िसpoundटम इिडया िलिमटड (ICSIL) न मshyटी टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 6 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwicsilin क जरए ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह टाYacutepoundकग poundटाफ क 40 पद aacuteािलफxशनः कम स कम 10वnot पास एज िलिमटः 18 स 40 वष सलरीः9724- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार वबसाइट क माacircयम स 31 जनवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क अिधकारक वबसाइट wwwicsilin पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri 5 It is also an Indian culture to have an age limit for certain jobs In America it is not a common practice to restrict anyone for any job just based on hisher age 6 Application fee is also an Indian system where you have to pay for just applying for a job

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

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Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

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अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

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च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

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पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

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मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

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मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

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लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

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topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

48

IDBI बक सिहत अय सरकारी िवभाग मiexcl िनकली वकiexcl सी

मिडकल अिसpoundटiexclट क पद पर ह वकiexcl सी

IDBI बक िलिमटड डाक िवभाग और इजीिनयaumlरग frac14जएegraveस क िलए िनकली ह कई वकiexcl सी इछक और योUumlय उमीदवार अपनी पसद क अनसार अलाई कर सकत ह हम आपको यहा द रह ह इन वकiexcl सी क िडटshyस IDBI बक न मनजस क 110 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह योUumlय उमीदवार बक क वबसाइट wwwidbicom क जरए 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह वकiexcl सी िडटलः िड टी जनरल मनजर13 अिसpoundटiexclट जनरल मनजर17 मनजर81 aacuteािलफकशनः मा यता Ecircा त यिनवeacuteसटी स लॉ मiexcl frac14जएट हो या MBA कया हो एज िलिमटः िड टी जनरल मनजर45 साल7 अिससटiexclट जनरल मनजर40 साल मनजर36 साल चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन ऑनलाइन टpound ट और पसनल इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार बक क ऑफिशयल वबसाइट wwwidbicom पर जाकर 20 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह 1 फरवरी स ऑनलाइन फॉम जमा हग

सiexclregल गवनमiexclट हshyथ poundकम (CGHS) न मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट क 22 पद पर वकiexcl सी िनकाली ह इछक व योUumlय उमीदवार 11 फरवरी 2017 तक िवभाग क वबसाइट wwwcghsjaipurnicin क जरए 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-15 पद लडी8 मिडकल अटiexclडiexclट-7 पद aacuteािलफकशनः कम स कम 10वnot सलरीः5200- 20200- frac14ड प- 1800- चयन Ecircordfयाः उमीदवार का चयन रटन एUumlजाम और इटरOgrave क आधार पर कया जाएगा कस करiexcl अलाईः उमीदवार िवभाग क वबसाइट क माacircयम स 11 फरवरी 2017 तक ऑनलाइन अलाई कर सकत ह अय कसी भी जानकारी क िलए िवभाग क वबसाइट पर िविजट करiexcl

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

7It is also true that the upper age limit is for higher posts and gradually lower the post lower the age limit 8It is also true in India to separate the posts based on gender It is also not uncommon to find that the job advertisement will ask for gradespercentage in their highest educational qualification required

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

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Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

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अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

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अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

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च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

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पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

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मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

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मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

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लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

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american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

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httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

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httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

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topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

49

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

9This ad depicts how the caste system is included and still present in the job market

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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american-workplace-culture-183186

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httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

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httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

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2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

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Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

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httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

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httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

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practices-in-India

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topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

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etiquette-culture-6766html

50

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

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httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

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Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

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83

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inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

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84

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topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

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Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

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business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

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business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

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March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

51

httpwwwbhaskarcomself-help-and-careersarkari-naukri

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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82

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httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

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March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

52

Module 6

Sample cover letters

53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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53

SAMPLE 1 सवा मiexcl Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

५२३ करोल बाग

दनाक_________ नयी दshyली

54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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54

SAMPLE 2 कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली िवषय नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

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मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

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american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

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Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

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practices-in-India

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topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

55

SAMPLE 3

नौकरी हत आवदन पEacute कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली Ograveवpoundथापक महोदय बीएसएनएल नयी दshyली मायवर

सिवनय िनवदन पवक कहना ह क दनाक १२०५२०१० को दिनक पEacute मiexcl छप िवecircापन सOumlया १२-२२२-

२०१० स म जान पाया para क आपक दshyली कायालय मiexcl एक सीिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर का पद रOacute ह म आपक इस

रOacute पद मiexcl इछक para और अपना आवदन Ecircpoundतत करना चाहता para

eumlीमान मन बोडाफ़ोन जसी Ecircितिigraveत सpoundथा मiexcl लगभग पाच वषiacute तक जिनयर कयटर Ecircोfrac14ामर क पद पर काम

कर चका para इस पद स पहल भी म एक िवecircापन कपनी क िलए वबसाइट बना चका para इसक अितरOacute मझ अय बsectत

स छोट-छोट कयटर स सबिधत कायiacute का भी अनभव ह

आपक इस Ecircितिigraveत कायालय मiexcl म अपन अनभव स बsectत सार नय Ecircयोग और उन Ecircयोग का सरलता स

परपालन करन पर अपना acircयान आकeacuteषत रखगा इसक अितरOacute म अपन OgraveिOacuteicircव स अपन सार सहकeacuteमय क साथ

अछा Ograveवहार करत sectए सहजता स अपना कायiacute का िनवाह कगा

महोदय नiuml िनवदन ह क आप मर आवदन को अपन सिवधानसार समय पर दखiexcl और मझ अपन िनणय क

बार मiexcl सिचत करiexcl आपक समय और सहयोग क िलए म सदा आपका आभारी रparaगा

आपका भवदीय

कशोर कमार

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

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उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

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कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

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कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

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च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

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टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

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दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

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िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

56

SAMPLE 4

उपEcircबधक पद हत Ecircाथना-पEacute सवा मiexcl Ecircबधक महोदय आई सी आई सी आई बक चादनी चौक नयी दshyली-१ महाशय

आपक चादनी चौक शाखा मiexcl कायरत अिधकारी स यह मालम sectआ ह क आपक कायालय मiexcl एक उपEcircबधक का

पद रOacute ह इस पद हत म एक Ecircicircयाशी क प मiexcl अपनी शिUcircक योUumlयता और कायनभव का िववरण आपक सवा मiexcl

Ecircpoundतत कर रहा para और आशा करता para क आप मझ अपन बक मiexcl सवा करन का अवसर Ecircदान करiexclग

eumlीमान म िपछल वष ही दshyली िवIcircिवaeligालय स अथशाntilde मiexcl ograveातक क िडfrac14ी EcircाIuml क ह अपन ograveातक करन

क साथ-साथ म एक िवecircापन कपनी मiexcl एक लखापाल क प मiexcl कायरत भी रहा था इसक अलावा अपन िवIcircिवaeligालय

मiexcl भी एक सpoundथा क कोषाacircयUcirc क प मiexcl काय कर चका para अथशाntilde क िडfrac14ी क साथ साथ इतन कम समय मiexcl ही मझ

एक अछा अनभव EcircाIuml करन का अवसर भी िमला ह मझ पण िवIcircास ह क अगर आप अपन बक मiexcl मझ काय करन का

अवसर दiexclग तो म दए गय उOcircरदाियicircव को ठीक स िनभाऊगा और अपन सदाचार और िमEacuteवत Ograveवहार स अपन सभी

सहकeacuteमय क साथ अछा सबध रखगा

मरी आय इoacuteस वष ह और म एक सामाय जाित का मacircयम-वगocircय यवक para महोदय मझ आशा ह क आप अपन

सिवधानसार मर आवदन पEacute और सलotilde Ecircमाण-पEacute पर कपा-दिouml करiexclग

आपक शीdivide EcircicircयOcircर क EcircतीUcircा मiexcl

िवनीत

कशोर कमार ५२३ करोल बाग नयी दshyली

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

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Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

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Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

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2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

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Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

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Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

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83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

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httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

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httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

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inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

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Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

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Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

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Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

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business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

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Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

57

Module 7 Glossary of Hindi business terms

58

Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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Hindi Transliteration English अ

अक ank number point अकUcircण ankekshan audit अत ant end अत antah hence

अतरण antaraN transfer अतरराoslashीय antar-raashtriye international अतरायण antaraayaN intermittent अतराल antaraal interval अतजात antarjaat inborn अितम antim last

अकाउट account account अिfrac14म agrim in advance अचल acal immovable

अचानक acaanak suddenly अितआहरण atiaaharaN overdue overdraft अितिथ atithii guest अितदय atidey overdue अितरOacute atirikt extra अicircयाधिनक atyaadhunik ultra-modern अदOcirc adatt unpaid अदालत adaalat court (of law) अदUgraveय adrshy invisible अिधक adhik more

अिधकार adhikaar right अिधकारी adhikaarii officer अिधकत adhikrit authorized

अिधordfय adhikry over buying

अिधfrac14हण adhigrahaN acquisition अिधिनयम adhiniyam act अिधमान adhimaan preference

अिधमshyय adhimooly over price

अिधलाभ adhilaabh super-profit अिधशष adhishesh surplus

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

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Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

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Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

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Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

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Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

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Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

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Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

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etiquette-culture-6766html

59

अिधसचना adhisoocanaa notification अधीUcircक adhiikshak superintendent अधीUcircण adhiikshaN superintendence अनeacuteजत anrjit unearned

अनादरण anaadaraN disrespect अिनयिमत aniyamit irregular अिनवाय aniwaary necessary अनकल anukool favorable अनordfम anukram sequence अनfrac14ह anugrah grace अनecircिIuml anugyapti license अनदान anudaan donation अनपात anupaat ratio अनपाeacuteजत anupaarjit unassigned अनपालन anupaalan compliance अनपरक anupoorak supplement अनबध anubandh contract अनमित anumati permission अनमोदन anumodan approval अनसधान anusandhaan research अनसार anusaar according अनसची anusoocii schedule अनितक anaitik immoral अपनाना apnaanaa to accept अपहरत apaharit kidnapped अपUcircा apekshaa expect अEcircicircयािशत apratyaashit unexpected अभाव abhaaw scarcity अिभगोपक abhigopak receptor अिभदान abhidaan contribution

अिभयान abhiyaan campaign अमीर amiir rich अजन arjan earning अथ arth money meaning अथOgraveवpoundथा arthwyawasthaa economy अथशाntilde arthshaastr economy अदली ardalii lackey अध ardh half

60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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60

अध मugraveा ardh mudraa half currency

अलाभ alaaabh disadvantage अshyप alp short अshyप कालीन alp kaaliin short term अshyपमत alpmat minority अविध Awadhi duration अवumluacute awaroodh blocking अवसर awasar occasion अिवभागीय awibhaagiiya non-departmental अवध awaidh illegal असमानता asamaanataa difference असामाय asaamaanya unusual असीिमत asiimit unlimited

आ आकड़ा aankaRaa figure आउट सोसucircग Out sourcing out sourcing आकलन aakalan estimation आकिpoundमत aaksmit inconceivable

आकार aakaar size आचरण aacaraN manner आदश aadarsh principle आदश aadesh order permission आदशानसार aadeshaanusaar as per the order

permission आधार नबर aadhaar number aadhar number आधारत aadhaarit based आिधकारक aadhikaarik official आधिनक aadhunik modern आपिOcirc aapatti objection आपिOcircजनक aapattijanak objectionable आपeacuteत aapoorti supply आपeacuteतकता aapoortikartaa supplier आबटन aabanTan allotment आबादी aabaadii independence आमदनी aamadanii income आमरण aamaraN to death आय aay income आयकर aayakar tax आयात aayaat import

61

आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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आय aayu age आयeacuteवecircान aayurwigyaan medical science आयोग aayog commission आरUcircण aarakshaN reservation आeacuteथक aarthik economic आवटन aawanTan allocation आवत aawart spiral आवUgraveयक aawashyak necessary आवUgraveयकता aawashyakataa necessity आवास aawaas house आिवETHकार aawishkaar invention आवदनपEacute aawedan patr application आसपास aas-paas near by

इ इडxस index index इज़ाफ़ा izaafaa enlargement इनकम income income इवiexclटरी inventory inventory इवpoundटमiexclट investment investment इpoundतमाल istemaal use

ई uumlधन iindhan fuel

उ उिचत ucit appropriate उyacutepoundतरीय uccastariiy high level उछाल uchaal jump उठान uThaan rise उतार utaar take off उOcircरदाियicircव uttardaayitaw heir उicircपाद utpaad product उicircपादक utpaadak productive उicircपादन utpaadan production उicircसजन utsarjan emission उicircसाह utsaah excitement उthornाटन udghaaTan inauguration उOslashUgraveय uddeshy purpose उuacuteम uddham utham उaeligमी udyamii entrepreneur उaeligमी पजी कपनी udyamii poonjii company entrepreneurial capital

company

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

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Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

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Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

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Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

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Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

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business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

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etiquette-culture-6766html

62

उaeligोग udyog industry उyumlत unnat high quality उपकरण upakaraN tool उपordfम upakram enterprise उपभोOacuteा upbhoktaa customer उपभोग upbhog consumption उपयोिगता upbhogitaa usefulness उपलdegध uplabdh available उपिpoundथित upstiti presence उshyलखनीय ullekhaniiy remarkable

ऊ ऊचा ooncaa high

ए एकक eakak one unit एकािधकार ekaadhikaar monopoly एजiexclसी agency agency एव ewam and

ऐ ऐजiexclट agent agent

औ औaeligोिगक audyogik industry औसत ausat average

ऋ ऋण Rin loan ऋणपEacute Ranpatr loan paper ऋणाicircमक RaNaatmak negative

क कपनी company company कटौती katautii cut किनouml kanishT inferior कम स कम kam se kam less कमाना kamaanaa to earn कमी kami scarcity कमीशन commission commission कर kar tax करसी currency currency करोड़ karoR million कज़ karz debt कमचारय kramcaariy employee related

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

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Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

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2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

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Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

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httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

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httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

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httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

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httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

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Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

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business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

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March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

63

कमचारी kramcaarii worker कमocircदल karmiidal कल kal tomorrow yesterday

कलाकार kalaakaar artist कागज़ kaagaz paper कानन kanoon law काम kaam work कामकाज kaamkaaj work

कामयाबी kaamyaabii success कारखाना kaarkhaanaa factory

कारण kaaraN reason कारोबार karobaar business काय kaary work कायकारी kaarykaarii executive कायordfम kaaryakram program कायबल kaaryabal work-force कायशील kaaryashiil functional कायसची kaaryasoocii work-list कायाicircमक kaaryaatmak functional कायािधकारी kaaryaadhikaarii executive officer कायालय kaaryaalay office कालाधन kaalaadhan black money कालाविध kaalaawadhi duration कताब kitaab book

कफ़ायती kifaayatii cheap

कराया kiraayaa rent कमत kiimat price किष

kRishi farming

कiexcl दीकत kendriikRit centralization कiexcl ugrave kendra center

कiexcl ugraveय kendriye central

कश-फ़लो cash-flow cash-flow कॉregxट contract contract को-ऑपरटव co-operative co-operative

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

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Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

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Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

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httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

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Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

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Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

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Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

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etiquette-culture-6766html

64

कोयला koyalaa coal कोष kosh bank कौशल Kaushal skill ordfय शिOacute समता (पीपीपी) kray skati samataa purchasing power parity

(PPP) ordfाउड़सोस ग crowd-sourcing crowd-sourcing

ordfया kriyaa verb ordfयावयन kriyaanwayan execution

Ucirc Ucircिणक kshaNik short moment Ucircमता kshamataa capacity UcircEacute kshetr area

ख खर khar thatch खरीदना khariidanaa to buy खाता khaataa account खाताधारक khaataadhaarak account holder खास khaas special खदरा khudaraa retail खला khulaa open

ग गठबधन gaThabandhan alliance गणना gaNanaa calculation गितिवधी gatiwidhii activity गमनागमन gamanaagaman to move गरीब gariib poor गलती galatii mistake गारटी guarantee guarantee िगरावट giraawaT downfall गणवOcircा guNawattaa quality ग़र-िनETHपादन gair-nishpaadan non-execution गोल gol round frac14ामीण graamiiN village frac14ाहक graahak customer

घ घटा ghanta hour घट-बढ़ ghaT-baDha fluctuation घटाना ghaTaanaa to decrease घोषणा ghoShaNaa to announce

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

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Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

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httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

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Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

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Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

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etiquette-culture-6766html

65

च चढ़ाव caDhaawaa rise चतpoundतारक catustaarak quadruplicate चचा carcaa discussion चल cal movable

चलन calan fashion चारा caaraa bait चालन caalan driving िचकicircसा cikitsaa medical care चकाना cukaanaa to repay चनाव cunaaw election चयरमन chairman chairman

छ छटनी chanTanii filter

छी chuTTii vacation छट chooT discount

ज जन jan people जनसOumlया jansankhyaa population जमा jamaa saved जमानत jamaanat bail जमीनी jamiinii land जवाबदही jwaabadehii responsibility जाच jaanc check जानकारी jaanakaarii information जायदाद jaayadaad property जारी jaarii issued िजordf jikr mention िज़मदार zimmedaar responsible िजला jilaa district जीडीपी GDP GDP जीवनशली jiiwanashailii life-style जमाना jurmaanaa fines जोिखम jokhim risk

ecirc ecircान gyaan knowledge

ट टकट ticket ticket टकड़ा TukaRaa piece

66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

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american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

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Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

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Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

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httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

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Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

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66

टली माकaumlटग tele marketing tele-marketing टxस tax tax

ड डाक Daak post डायरxटर director director िडपाटमiexclट department department

ढ ढग Dhang manner

ढाचा Dhaancaa structure त

तEacute tantr system तिEacuteका tantric nerve तिEacuteकािवecircान tantrikwigyaan neurology तकनीक takaniikii technical तनखाह tankhaah salary तरीका tariikaa manner तार taar wire तारीख taariikh date ितिथ tithi date ितलहन tilahan oilseed icircयागपEacute tyaagapatr resignation letter

थ थला thailaa bag थोक िवordfता thok wikretaa whole seller

द दबना dabanaa to be suppressed दर dar rate दरअसल darasal actually दाता daataa giver donor दाियicircव daayitw responsibility दावा daawaa claim दवस diwas day दीघ diirgh big long दीघकालीन diirghkaaliin long-time दीघा diirghaa gallery दीघाविध diirghaawadhi long duration दभाUumlय durbhaagya misfortune दरदशन dooradarshan tele-vision दरभाष doorbhaash tele-phone

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

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httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

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httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

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httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

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etiquette-culture-6766html

67

दनदार dendaar debtor दोहरा doharaa double

ध धन dhan wealth धारक dhaarak holder acircयान dhyaan attention

न नई nayii new नकदी nakadii cash नतीजा natiijaa result नवोमष nawonmesh innovation नािभकय naabhikiiy nuclear नाम naam name नाममाEacute naamamaatr for name shake only नारा naaraa slogan िनकाय nikaay body िनकासी nikaasii clearance िनगम nigama िनजी nijii private िनिध nidhi fund िनपटना nipaTanaa to deal with िनमOacute nimukt released िनयEacuteण niyantraN control िनयत niyat fixed िनयम niyam rule िनयिमत niyamit regular िनयामक niyaamak regulator िनयOacute करना niyukta karanaa to appoint िनयिOacute niyukti appointment िनयोिजत niyojit employed िनरpoundत nirast aborted िनरीUcircक niriikshak inspector िनरोधक nirodhak restraining िनणय nirNay decision िनणायक nirNaayak decisive िनभर nirbhar depend िनमाण niramaaN construction िनeacuteमत nirmit constructed िनयात nirayaat export िनवल niwal net

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

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httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

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Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

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Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

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Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

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httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

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httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

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Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

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Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

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business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

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Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

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etiquette-culture-6766html

68

िनवOcirc niRwatt retired done िनवश niwesh investment िनवशक niweshak investor िनिNtildeत nishcit definiteness िनpoundतारण nistaaraN decantation िनहायत nihaayaat abundant नीित niiti policy नकसान nukasaan lose नता netaa leader नितक naitik moral नशनल national national नसeacuteगक naisargik natural नोट note note नोटबदी note bandii banned of certain currency नौकर naukar servant नौकरशाह naukashaah bureaucrat यनतम nyoonatam minimum

प पचाट pancaaT arbitration पा paTTaa lease पEacute patr letter पद pad post पuacuteित paddhati system परधन pardhan ammunition परकshyपना parikalpanaa imagination परचचा paricarcaa discussion परणाम pariNaam results परपथ paripath circuit परयोजना pariyojanaa project परवतन pariwartan change परवतनशील pariwartanshiil mutable परवतनीय pariwartaniiy convertible परवहन pariwahan transport परषद parishad council परसपOcircी parisampattii assets परीUcircण pariikshaN testing परीUcircा pariikshaa examination पयवUcircक paryawekshak supervisor पयविUcircत paryawekshit supervised पयावरण paryaawaraN environment

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

69

पाordfम paaThaykram curriculum पारeumlिमक paarishramik remuneration पासल parcel parcel पनचordfण punrcakraN recycling पजा purjaa parts of something पिouml pushTi confirmation पpoundतकालय pustakaalay library पजी poonjii capital पजीवाद poonjiiwaad capitalism परक poorak complementary परा करना pooraa karanaa to complete पण poorN complete पeacuteवत poorwit predestined पiexclशन pension pension पच pec screw पशकश peshakash offer पशा peshaa profession पशवर peshewar professional पॉिलसी policy policy Ecircकािशत prakaashit published Ecircordfममलक prakramamoolak process oriented Ecircordfया prakriyaa process EcircUcircप prakshep interpolation Ecircगित pragati development Ecircचारत pracaarit advertised Ecircचालक pracaalak operator Ecircित prati per copy Ecircितकल pratikool error Ecircितचordfय prticakriiy counterclaim Ecircितदश prtidarsh model Ecircित(Oslashी pratidwandii competitor EcircितिनयिOacute prtiniyukti deputation Ecircितभत prtibhoot secured Ecircितभित pratibhootiyaan security Ecircितयोिगता pratiyogitaa competition Ecircितवतocirc pratiwartii reversible Ecircितवदन pratiwedan report Ecircितशत pratishat percentage Ecircicircयािशत pratyaashit anticipated Ecircदशनी pradarshanii exhibition

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

70

Ecircदान pradaan donate offer Ecircदषण pradooshan pollution Ecircबधकय prabandhkiiy managerial Ecircबधन prabandhan management Ecircबधक prabandhak manager Ecircभार prabhaar burden Ecircभारी prabhaarii in-charge Ecircभाव prabhaaw effect Ecircभावी prabhaawii effective Ecircमाण pramaaN evidence EcircमाणपEacute pramaaN patr certificate Ecircमख pramukh main chief Ecircयास prayaas attempt try Ecircवाह prawaah flow Ecircवश prawesh entry Ecircशासन prashaasan administration Ecircशासिनक prashaasanik administrative EcircिशUcircण prashikshaN training Ecircसारण prasaaraN broadcasting Ecircpoundताव prastaaw proposal Ecircpoundतत prastut presentation Ecircाकितक praakRtik natural Ecircािधकरण praadhikaraN authorization EcircाIuml praapt earned achieved Ecircायोजक praayojak sponsor Ecircावधान praawadhaan provision Ecircीिमयम premium premium Ecircषक preshak sender Ecircौaeligोिगक praudyogikii technology लYacuteबग plumbing plumbing

फ फ़ड fund fund फसना fasanaa to be trapped

फसल phasal crops फ़ाइनश finance finance फशर fisher fisher फसद phiisad percent

ब बद होना band honaa to ne closed

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

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httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

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httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

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hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

71

बकाया bakaayaa balanced due बचत bacat saving बजट budget budget बजटीय bajaTiiy budgetary बढ़ोतरी baDhotarii increase बयान bayan statement बिहजात bahirjaat exogenous बही खाता bahii khaataa account बsectमत bahumat majority बsectमshyय bahumooly expensive बsectराoslashीय bahuraashTriiy multi-national बाज़ार bazaar market बातचीत baatciit conversation बायोडाटा bio-data bio-data िबordf bikrii sells िबजनस business business िबजली bijalii electricity बीमा biimaa insurance बिनयाद buniyaad base बतन betan salary बरोज़गार berozagaar unemployed बक bank bank ब)कग banking banking बोझ bojh burden बोड board board बोली bolii speech variety degयाज byaaj interest

भ भOcircा bhattaa allowance भागीदार bhagiidaar partner भार bhaar burden भाषण bhaashaN speech भगतान bhugataan payment भख bhookha hunger भिम bhoomi land भषजी bheshajii pharmacopoeia

भोितक िवतरण bhotik witaraN physical description oumlाचार bhrashTaacaar corruption

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

72

मडल manDal group मडी mandi market मEacuteालय mantraalay ministry मद mand slow मदी mandii recession मकसद makasad purpose मजदर majadoor labor मजदरी majadoorii labor wage मझला majhalaa middle size मत mat vote मतािधकार mataadhikaar voting right मदद madad help मOslashनज़र maddenazar in the wake of मacircयpoundथ madhyasth mediator मसलन masalan for example मह+वपण mahatwpoorN important महicircवाकाUcircा matwakaankshaa ambition महाEcircबधक mahaaprabandhak general manager महीना mahiinaa month माग maang demand माEacuteा maatraa quantity मान maan esteem मानव maanaw human माय manay valid मायता maanyataa accreditation मामला maamalaa issue माहौल maahaul environment िमिeumlत mishrit mixed मकाबला mukaabalaa competition मकाम mukaam status मखिबर mukhabir informer मOumlय mukhya chief मOumlयालय mukhyaalay main office मतािबक mutaabik according to मugraveा mudra currency मugraveाpoundफित mudraasphiiti inflation मनाफ़ा munaafaa profit मलाक़ात mulaakaat meeting मल mool original मshyय mooly price

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

73

मshyयाकन moolyaankan evaluation मनजमiexclट management management मयफ़xचर manufacture manufacture मोह moh endearment मोहर mohar seal मौजदा maujood available

य यEacute yantra tool यदाकदा yadaakadaa occational यािचका yaacikaa petition याEacuteा yaatraa travel याEacuteी yaatrii traveler यिOacute yukti device यिनट unit unit योUumlय yogya able योUumlयता yogyataa ability योजना yojana project

र रकम rakam amount रचना racanaa creation रजत rajat silver रणनीित raNaniiti strategy रणनीितक raNniitik strategic रिहत rahit devoid राजकोष raakosh treasury राजधानी raajadhaanii capital राजनीितक raajaniitik political राजपEacute raajapatra gazette राजpoundव raajaswa revenue रािश raashi amount राहत raahat comfort रिOacuteया riktiyaan available placespositions रपोट report report रहिबिलटशन rehabilitation rehabilitation umlिधर rudhir blood umlपया rupayaa rupees प roop form रोज roj everyday रोजगार rojagaar employment

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

74

लtimesय lakshay goal लगान lagaan tax लघ Ograveवसाय Ecircशासन laghu wyawsaay

prashaasan small business administration

लटकना laTakanaa hang लाख laakha hundred thousand लागत laagat cost लाभ laabha profit लालच laalaca greed िलिपक lipik clerk िलहाज lihaaj considerateness लखा lekhaa accounting register लखा जोखा lekhaa jokhaa book keeping लखाकन lekhaankan accounting लन-दन len-den transaction लोकसभा lokasabhaa lok-sabha

व वत waqt time वOacuteOgrave waktawy statement वनpoundपित wanaspti greenstuff foliage plant वयवpoundथा wayawasthaa arrangement वरigrave warishT senior वक फोस workforce work-force वग warg class वष warsh year विलत walit fated वसीयत wasiiyat legacy वाक waak speech वािण य waaNijya commerce वािणि यक waaNijyik commercial वातावरण waataawaraN environment वापसी waapasii return वाpoundतिवक waastawik real वाpoundतिवक सकल घरल उicircपाद waastawik sakal ghareloo

utpaad real gross domestic production

िवकshyप wikalp alternation िवकास wikaas development िवकugraveीकत wikendriikRit decentralization िवecircिIuml wigyaapti advertise िवecircान wigyaan science

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

75

िवecircापन wigyaapan advertisement िवतरण witaraN distribution िवOcirc witt finance िवOcircीय wittiiya financial िवदश widesh foreign िवधानसभा widhaansabhaa vidhan-sabha assembly िविध widhi rule िवधयक widheyak bill िविनमय winimay exchange िविनमाण winirmaaN manufacturing िविनवश winiwesh dis-investment िवपणन wipaNan marketing िवपरीत wipariit opposite िवभाग wibhaag department िवभागीय wibhaagiiy departmental िवरोध wirodh oppose िवलब wilamb late िवलय wilay fusion िवलख wilekha deed िववाद wiwaad conflict controversy issue िववचना wiwecanaa comment िवशषecirc wisheshagya expert िवशषecircता wisheshagyataa expertise िव-षक wishleshak analyst िव-षण wishleshaN analysis िवसरण wisaraN diffusion िवpoundतार wistaar expansion िविहत wihit prescriptive विuacute wRaddhi increase वतन wetan salary वकिshyपक waikalpik alternative वIcircीकरण waishwiikaraN globalization Ograveय wyay expenditure Ograveवसाय wyawasaay business Ograveवpoundथा wyawasthaa system Ogravepoundत wyast busy Ograveापार wyaapaar business

श शत shart condition शाखा shaakhaa branch

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

76

शािमल shaamil included शासकय shaasakiiy official शासन shaasan governance िशUcircा shikshaa education िशखर shikhara top िशरकत shirakat involvement िशouml मडल shishT manDal delegation

िशoumlाचार shishTaacaar discipline शीdivide shiighra fast soon शीतकालीन shiitakaaliin winter शumlआत shuruaat start शshyक shulk fee शETHक shushk dry शखला shrankhalaa chain sequence शयर share share शष shesh rest eumlम shram labor eumlिमक shramik laborer

स सकट sankaT problem सकshyप sankalp oath सकत sanket signal सकोचन sankocan compression pressing सOumlया sankhyaa number सगठन sangaThan organization सगठनाicircमक sangaTanaatmak organizational सfrac14ह sangrah collection सघ sangh union सचय sancay accumulation सचलन sancalan movement सचार sancaar communications सचािलत sancaalit operated सतलन santulan balance सतिलत santulit balanced सदश Sandesh message सपिOcirc sampatti property सपक sampark contact सपरक sampoorak complementer सबध sambandh relation

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

77

सबिधत sambandhit related सभावना sambhaawanaa possibility सभािवत sambhaawit possible सात sambhraant elite सयEacute sanyantr plant (of a gas product) सयOacute sanyukt collective सयोजन sanyojan combination सरUcircण sanrakshaN protection सवuacuteन samwarddhan enhancement सशोधन sanshodhan correction ससद sansad parliament ससाधन sansaadhan resources सpoundथा sansthaa organization सpoundथागत sansthaagat institutional सpoundथान sansthaan institution सिहता sanhitaa code सकल घरल उicircपाद (जीडीपी) sakal ghareloo utpaad

(GDP) gross domestic product (GDP)

सकल राoslashीय उicircपाद (जीएनपी) sakal raashTriiy utpaad (GNP)

gross national product (GNP)

सकाराicircमक sakaaraatmak positive सिचव saciw secretary सEacute satr session सफल होना saphal honaa to be successful सफलता saphalataa success सिdegसडी subsidy subsidy सभा sabhaa assembly meeting समझौता samajhautaa agreement समयिनouml samayanishT timetable समयसारणी samayasaariNii time schedule समथ Samarth able समथन samarthan support समसीमात samsiimaant parallel समpoundया samasyaa problem समाचार samaacaar news समाजवाद samaajawaad socialism समानता samaanataa similarity समाIuml samaapt end समायोजन smaayojan adjustment समारोह samaaroh function

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

78

सिमित samiti organization समीकरण smiikaraN equation समीUcircा samiikshaa analysis समदाय samudaay community समह samooh group सरकार sarakaar government सeacuteवस service service सवUcircण sarwekshaN survey सलाह salaah suggestion सलाहकार salaahakaar advisor सवतन sawetan paid सpoundता sastaa cheap सहकारी sahakaarii cooperative सहभाग sahabhaag participation सहभाजन sabhaajan sharing सहयोग sahyog contribution सहायक sahaayak helper सparaिलयत sahooliyat convenience साUcircाicircकार saakshaatkaar interview साझदार saajhedaar partner साझदारी saajhedaarii partnership साथी saathii friend सािबत saabit proved सामfrac14ी saamagrii ingredient सामाय saamaany general सामदाियक saamudaayik community based सामिहक saamoohik grouped सायवाद saamyawaad communism सारणी saaraNii schedule सावजिनक saarwajanik public साल saal year सालाना saalaanaa annual Yacuteसचाई sincaayii irrigation िसoacuteा sikkaa coin िसuacuteात siddhant principle सीमा siimaa boarder सझाना sujhaanaa to suggest सधारना sudhaaranaa improve reform सिनिNtildeत sunishcit definite make sure सरUcircा surakshaa security

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

79

सरिUcircत surakshit secured सलाभ sulaabh good luck profit सिवधा suwidhaa facility सचकाक soockaank index सचना soocanaa notice सxटर sector sector सxटोरयल sectorial sectorial सवा sewaa service सवािनवत sewaaniwRit retired सलरी salary salary सॉफ़टवयर software software सौदा saudaa business deal poundटाटअप start up start-up poundटॉक stock stock poundतर star level poundथगन sthagan postponement poundथानातरत sthaanaanatrit transferred poundथानातरण sthaanaantaraN transfer poundथानीय sthaaniiy local poundथापना sthaapanaa establish िpoundथित sthiti situation िpoundथर sthir stable poundपugraveधा spraddhaa competition poundफित sphiiti inflation ोत srot source poundवछता swacchataa health poundवतEacute swatantr independence poundवािमicircव swaamitw ownership poundवाpoundथयवधक swaasthaywardhak healthy poundवीकरण swiikaraN acceptance

ह हड़ताल haDataal strike हरण haraN kidnapped हpoundतातरण hastaantaraN transfer हpoundताUcircर hastaakshar signature हाउYacuteसग housing housing हार haar defeat

हालात haalaat situation िहत hit favor

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

80

िहतषी hitaishii favorable person िहpoundसा hissaa part िहpoundसदार hissedaar partner िहpoundसदारी hissedaarii partnership

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

Doing Business in India 20 Cultural Norms You Need to Know (nd) Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

Geert Hofstede (nd) Retrieved April 23 2017 from httpsgeert-

hofstedecomindiahtml

83

Guide To India - Etiquette Customs Culture amp Business (nd) Retrieved March 2017

from httpwwwkwintessentialcoukresourcesguidesguide-to-india-etiquette-customs-

culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwfreshbusinessthinkingcomindia-business-culture-and-etiquette

India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

Job discrimination in India Caste factor (2007 October 22) Retrieved May 12 2017

from httpsatrocitynewswordpresscom20071024job-discrimination-in-india-caste-

factor

Landed S J (2014 September 30) Business practices in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

84

LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

81

References A Conscious Life (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwrahulspeakscom201102the-goldman-sachs-experience-comparing-indian-

and-american-work-culture

Adavi P (2014 October 30) An Immigrants Take on American Workplace Culture

Retrieved April 17 2017 from httpwwwindiacomlifestylean-immigrants-take-on-

american-workplace-culture-183186

Are We Speaking the Same Language Bridging the cultural gaps between US and

India based technology teams (nd) Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httpwwwibisconsultinggroupcominsightare-we-speaking-the-same-language-

bridging-the-cultural-gaps-between-u-s-and-india-based-technology-teams

Business culture Retrieved March 2017 from httpindienumdkenthe-trade-

councilbusiness-culture

Business culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpswwwukibccomindia-guidehow-indiabusiness-culture

Business Culture in India (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwworldbusinessculturecomBusiness-Etiquette-in-Indiahtml

Business Etiquette Around the World India Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogoncallinternationalcombusiness-etiquette-around-world-india

82

Business Etiquette in India Working with Indians (2016 January 03) Retrieved March

2017 from httpswwwworldguideeut5Lifestyle-Events-ArticlesBusiness-Etiquette-in-

India-Working-with-Indiansba-p14768

Culture Today (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwshanticonsultingcomdoing-business-in-india-part-3-business-etiquette-and-

customs

Dsouza Alwin amp Singh Sudershan amp Ranjan Rahul (2015 January 06) Existence of

Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups Is it a reality An Analysis of

Indian Labour Market Retrieved May 12 2017 from

httpsideasrepecorgppramprapa63648html

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2017 from httpwwwcomparebusinessproductscomfyidoing-business-in-india

Etiquette at Dressing Meeting amp Dining (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpblogstransparentcomhindietiquette-at-dressing-meeting-dining

Hume T (2012 February 03) The secrets of doing business in India Retrieved March

2017 from httpwwwcnncom20120203businessdoing-business-india

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culture-business

India Business Culture And Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

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httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

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INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

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practices-in-India

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State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

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March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

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March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

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India Business Etiquette amp Culture (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwinternational-business-etiquettecombesiteindiahtm

India - Culture Customs amp Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpguideculturecrossingnetbasics_business_studentphpid=96

INDIA DOING BUSINESS IN (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwreferenceforbusinesscomencyclopediaInc-IntIndia-Doing-Business-

inhtmlixzz4c6kVNcGB

India - Language Culture Customs and Etiquette (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from

httpwwwcommisceo-globalcomcountry-guidesindia-guide

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factor

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2017 from httpswwwjustlandedcomenglishIndiaIndia-GuideBusinessBusiness-

practices-in-India

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LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

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March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html

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LangMedia (nd) Retrieved March 2017 from httplangmediafivecollegesedulbc-

topics44120

Roy P Wandschneider E amp Steglitz I (2014) Assessing Education Abroad Outcomes A Review of the BEVI IDI and GPI White Paper East Lansing Michigan

State University Office of Study Abroad

Sharma P G amp Mirror M (2013 October 26) Understanding the world business

culture - Times of India Retrieved April 17 2017 from

httptimesofindiaindiatimescomlife-stylerelationshipsworkUnderstanding-the-world-

business-culturearticleshow17191117cms

Smith P (2014 June 05) Understanding Indias culture is key for business Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwtelegraphcouksponsoredbusinessdelivering-

business10878290cultural-etiquette-india-businesshtml

Traveling in India - Business Etiquette and Culture (2014 February 06) Retrieved

March 2017 from httpwwwindia-briefingcomnewstraveling-india-business-

etiquette-culture-6766html