Information Management Lecture 2 Introduction to Information Management.
Bus-311: Management Information Systems Introduction to Course Introduction to Information...
-
Upload
merilyn-jackson -
Category
Documents
-
view
221 -
download
1
Transcript of Bus-311: Management Information Systems Introduction to Course Introduction to Information...
Bus-311: Management Information
SystemsIntroduction to Course
Introduction to Information Management
BUS 311 - Fall 20032
Agenda
• Introductions• Name cards• Syllabus – course overview • Lab Intro• Lecture:
– Introduction to Information Management
BUS 311 - Fall 20033
Your Instructor
• Name: Jakob Iversen• Background:
– Danish Citizen– Software Engineer: Master’s Degree, 1996,
Aalborg University, Denmark– Ph.D. in Computer Science, 2000, Aalborg
University, Denmark. Thesis title: ”Data-Driven Intervention in software Process Improvment”
– Assistant Professor at UW Oshkosh from Fall 2000
– Primary research interest: Software development and Software Process Improvement (SPI)
BUS 311 - Fall 20034
COBA Assessment Goals
• COBA graduates will demonstrate knowledge in the functional business areas.
• COBA graduates will be able to apply basic ethical principles to business situations.
• COBA graduates will demonstrate competency in communication skills, including business writing.
• COBA graduates will demonstrate competency in analysis and creative problem solving by using information and solving problems.
• COBA graduates will demonstrate competency in Information technology skills including the use of computers to organize and analyze information.
BUS 311 - Fall 20035
Course Goals
• Understand the impact of IT on business. • Identify opportunities for applying IT.• Understand IT planning and evaluating IT
investments. • Understand issues associated with implementing
change. • Understand systems development. • Understand issues associated with IT management. • Gain experience in a fundamental tool for storing,
manipulating, and presenting information. • Learn how to develop Graphical User Interface
(GUI) applications.
BUS 311 - Fall 20036
Course Overview / Policy
• Read before class – ask questions• Course in two parts: Lecture and lab• Communication
– Web page and email (all slides will be available on web)
• Assignments/Exams/Grading– Comprehensive exam 40%– 4 IT problems 20%– Presentation 8%– Database project 20%– 8 Access assignments 12%
• Changes, suggestions, etc.• Schedule may change• Check your email
BUS 311 - Fall 20037
Lab Work – Good Advice
• Always work from the hard drive or a Zip disk.
• Use the network drive you have been assigned to store your work.
• Copy everything you work on to floppy disks daily (also a good idea if you will be working at home)
• Don’t skip the ‘Tutorial’ part in the book. A lot is explained that is difficult to find and understand unless you worked through the examples.
• Don’t save your work on local hard drive – machines will be wiped clean occasionally.
BUS 311 - Fall 20038
Next Week
• Until next time– Make sure your student
account is working– Email and Blackboard– Access Course Web site
• http://www.uwosh.edu/faculty_staff/iversen/311
• Check out IT Problem 1
• Tuesday– Databases– Stair, Chapter 3 and
Appendix on Relational Databases in Access book (p. RD 1-11)
• Thursday in Lab (HS 101C)– New to Windows XP?
• Take Windows XP tour, especially XP Basics
• Go through both Windows 2000 tutorials in Access book
– Some experience?• Go through Windows 2000
Tutorial 2– Lots of experience?
• Start directly on Access Tutorial 1
• Assignment:– Case 2 (p. AC 1.28-1.29)
and Internet Exercise (p. AC 1.32)
BUS 311 - Fall 200310
Why did YOU take this course?
• Well, since this is a required course ... Why do you think it is required?
BUS 311 - Fall 200311
• IT is Generally Interesting• IT Facilitates Work in Organizations• IT Offers Career Opportunities• IT is Used by All Departments• IT is Crucial to Society
Why You Need to Learn About Information Technology
BUS 311 - Fall 200314
What is a Computer-Based Information System?
• Collects, processes, stores, analyzes, disseminates information
• Specific purpose• Uses information technology
• What information system did/will you interact with today?
BUS 311 - Fall 200318
Capabilities of Information Systems
• Fast and Accurate Transactions• Large Capacity, Fast Access Storage• Fast Communications (machine to machine,
human to human)• Reduce (and cause) Information Overload• Span Boundaries• Provide Support for Decision Making• Provide a Competitive Weapon
• General Technological Trends for IT...– What trends have you observed?– What do you think will happen in the future?
BUS 311 - Fall 200319
Types of Business Information Systems
• Electronic Commerce• Transaction Processing Systems
– Supports basic transactions in a company
• Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)– Unified system for an entire corporation
• Information and Decision Support Systems– Systems that help managers make decisions
• Special-Purpose Business Information Systems– Artificial Intelligence, Expert Systems, and
Virtual Reality
BUS 311 - Fall 200320
Organizations and Information Systems
• Organization– A formal collection of people and other
resources established to accomplish a set of goals
• Value Chain– A series (chain) of activities that
includes inbound logistics, warehouse and storage, production, finished product storage, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and customer service
BUS 311 - Fall 200322
Porter’s Value Chain
InboundLog istics
Ope ra-tions
Out-bound
Log istics
M arke -ting and
Sale s
F irm In frastructu re
Human Re source M anage me nt
Te chno logy De v e lopme nt
Procure me nt
Se rv ice Custome rs'Value Chain
Downstre amCompan ie s
Supp lie rs' ValueChain
Upstre amCompan ie s
BUS 311 - Fall 200324
Technology Diffusion and Infusion
• Technology diffusion– A measure of how widely technology is
spread throughout an organization
• Technology infusion– The extent to which technology is
deeply integrated into an area or department
• Technology may be widely diffused but only highly infused in a few areas
BUS 311 - Fall 200325
Porter’s Competitive Forces Model
• Competition – a significant and (ideally) long-term
benefit to a company over its competition– at the core of a firm’s success or failure
• Porter’s Model can be used to develop strategies for companies to increase their competitive edge
• The model demonstrates how IT can enhance competitiveness
• 5 major forces: … Next slide…
BUS 311 - Fall 200326
Porter’s Five Forces Model
Suppliers Buyers
New Entrants
SubstituteProducts
Industry Competitors
Intensity of Rivalry
Threat ofNew Entrants
Bargaining Powerof Suppliers
Threat ofSubstitutes
Bargaining Power of Buyers
BUS 311 - Fall 200327
Strategic Planning
• Altering the industry structure• Creating new products and
services• Improving existing product lines
and services• Using information systems for
strategic purposes
BUS 311 - Fall 200330
Other Strategies
• Cost leadership strategy - producing at lowest cost
• Differentiation strategy - being unique• Focus strategy - selecting a narrow-scope
segment• Growth strategy - increasing market share• Alliances strategy - working with business
partners• Internal efficiency strategy - improving
the manner in which business processes are executed
• Customer-oriented strategy - concentrating on making customers happy
BUS 311 - Fall 200332
The Evolution of IS
Stage 1:Cost reduction and Productivity
Stage 2:Competitive Advantage
Stage 3:Performance-Based
Management
BUS 311 - Fall 200333
Measuring Performance
• Productivity – A measure of the output achieved divided by the input
requirement– Productivity=(Output/Input) x 100%
• Quality– The ability of a product (including services) to meet or
exceed customer expectations
• Return on Investment (ROI)– One measure of IS value that investigates the additional
profits or benefits that are generated as a percentage of the investment in information systems technology
• Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)– Measuring both expense and benefits of a system. For a
PC, includes purchase price, training, software, support, etc.
BUS 311 - Fall 200334
Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)
• Obvious costs– Hardware– Software license
fees– Personnel– HW + SW
deployment– Support + service– Custom application
development– Upgrades– Energy + space
• Not-so-obvious costs– System downtime –
lost productivity, opportunities
– Being locked into a technology
– Moving to other technologies and platforms
– Having non-standard configurations
– Amount of training required
BUS 311 - Fall 200336
Three IS Functions
• Operations– Maintains and supports the use of
corporate information systems
• Systems Development– Development of corporate
information systems
• Support– Provides assistance to users
BUS 311 - Fall 200337
Major IS Issues
• Outsourcing– What services are best delivered by in-house
expertise and what should be outsourced?– Cost savings, access to larger labor pool– On-shore, off-shore, near-shore
• Centralized vs. Decentralized organization
• Showing value of IS to the organization• Disaster/Business Recovery• Security
BUS 311 - Fall 200338
IT Jobs
• www.salary.com• http://www.computerworld.com/careertopics/careers/story/0,10801,75368,00.ht
ml• http://marketing.dice.com/rateresults/