Bureaucracies are large, complex organizations in which employees have very specific job...
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Transcript of Bureaucracies are large, complex organizations in which employees have very specific job...
Bureaucracies are large, complex organizations in which employees have very specific job responsibilities and work within a hierarchy of authority.
The employees of the departments, agencies, bureaus, and offices of government are known as bureaucrats. The Bureaucracy is considered part of the Executive Office.
The bureaucracy of the federal government is the largest in the United States, employing more that 2.8 million people.
THE BUREAUCRACY
The Spoils System is the practice of winning candidates’ rewarding their supporters with government jobs. Made famous by President Andrew Jackson and based on the saying “to the victor the spoils of the enemy.”
In the 19th century, nearly every federal job was a patronage job. President Grover Cleveland, a Democrat, replaced nearly 40,000 Republican postal employees with Democrats. The Pendleton Act of 1883 was legislation to replace the patronage, or spoils system, with the merit system.
The Civil Service is a system or method of appointing government employees on the basis of competitive examinations, rather than by political patronage.
The Merit System is a system or policy whereby people are promoted or rewarded on the basis of ability or achievement rather than because of seniority, quotas, patronage or the like.
WHO ARE THE BUREAUCRATS?
Departments, Independent Agencies (NASA, SBA,) Government Corporations (TVA, USPS, AMTRAK,) Independent Regulatory Agencies (SEC, FRB)
Civil Service; Presidents appoint fewer than 1% of all executive branch positions
The primary function of the bureaucracy is policy implementation and policymaking.
BUREAUS AND BUREAUCRATS
Department of Statehttp://www.state.gov
Department of the Treasury
http://www.treasury.gov
Department of Defensehttp://www.defenselink.mil
Department of Justicehttp://www.usdoj.gov
Department of the Interior
http://www.doi.gov
Department of Agriculturehttp://www.usda.gov
Department of Commercehttp://www.commerce.gov
Department of Laborhttp://www.dol.gov
Department of Health and Human Serviceshttp://www.hhs.gov
Department of Housing and Urban Development
http://www.hud.gov
Department of Transportationhttp://www.dot.gov
Department of Energyhttp://www.energy.gov
Department of Education
http://www.ed.gov
Department of Veterans Affairshttp://www.va.gov
Department of Homeland Security
http://www.dhs.gov
CABINET DEPARTMENTS
Science and Technology
Business Regulation
Social Welfare
Ambitious Administrators
REASONS FOR GROWTH OF THE BUREAUCRACY