Bulk Production of Faceted Graphene Oxide and Graphene ...€¦ · Graphene Flagship11/10/18...
Transcript of Bulk Production of Faceted Graphene Oxide and Graphene ...€¦ · Graphene Flagship11/10/18...
Bulk Production of Faceted Graphene Oxide and Graphene Platelets: Properties and Applications
Graphene Flagship 11/10/18 www.granphnanotech.com
Who are we
� Technological trademark for supplying high quality single-layer graphene products
� Alliance of Grupo Antolin Ingenieria and the University of Alicante
– Grupo Antolin, Spanish company of the automotive sector,
with important nanotechnology investments (CNFs)
– University of Alicante, partner for 8 years in CNFs’ projects
� We produce graphene oxide from Helical Ribbon Carbon Nanofibers by a patented method.
Graphene Flagship 11/10/18 www.granphnanotech.com
Graphene synthesis
Graphene
Mechanical exfoliation
Novoselov et al. (2004)Loyta et al. (2009)
Epitaxial growth
CVD on metal substrates (Ni, Pt, TiC, Cu):
Land et al. (1992), Nagashima et al. (1993)
Xuesong Li et al. (2009)
Thermal decomposition of SiC:
van Bommel et al. (1975), Forbeaux et al. (1998)
GRAPHITE
Chemical methods
Graphite IntercalatedCompounds (GIC)/
Graphite OxideBrodie (1860), Staudenmaier (1898),
Hummers & Offeman (1956)
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Graphene Oxide and Graphene
Natural Graphite
Hummers
GO
Ultrasonication
GrapheneOxide (G-O)
rG-O
Complete exfoliation not possible. Low yield
Separation Exfoliated Graphene Oxide fromExfoliated Graphite Oxide by ultracentrifugation
ReductionChemical/Thermal
Stankovich et al. Carbon (2007)
CarbonNanotubes
Kosynkin et al. Nature (2009)
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What is GRAnPH
Conventional Nano aproachGRAnPH
Stankovich et al, Carbon (2007)
Kosynkin et al, Nature (2009)
GRAPHITE CNTHELICAL-RIBBON CNF
Varela-Rizo et al, Carbon (2010)
GRAnPH is graphene nanoplatelets produced by chemical oxidation from HR-CNF
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Helical-ribbon CNFs
Floating catalyst CVD synthesis
� Ni source/Natural gas/S compound
� High temperatures, > 1000ºC
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Helical ribbon-CNFs
� Circular cross-section � Diameter around 60 nm � Wide hollow core
<
Continuous ribbon rolled along the fiber axis
Helical ribbon-CNF
Vera-Agullo et al, Carbon (2009)
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5 layers
Helical-ribbon CNFs
Vera-Agullo et al, Carbon (2009)
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How is GRAnPH produced
GANF
ModifiedHummers
GO
Sonication
GRAnPH oxide
KMnO4/H2SO4 Exfoliation
ReducedGRAnPH
Reduction
Highyield
Highyield
Chemical oxidation (unzipping the GANF CNFs) + sonication (exfoliation)
Main advantages:�Mass production of single/few layers graphene nanoplatelets�High crystalinity�Large flake area (>10 microns2)
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GRAnPH -TEM
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GRAnPH -TEM
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5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
GANF
GRAnPH oxide
2θ
Inte
nsity
(a.u
.)
GRAnPH-XRD
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GRAnPH -Raman514 nm
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GRAnPH -Raman
Raman shift (cm-1)
633 nm
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GRAnPH -Raman
Ferrari et al. PRL 2006 2D peak
Sample 2D (cm-1)number of
layers
GANF 2655 3-5
Granph Ox 2646 1-2
633 nm
Gupta et al. Nano lett 2006
Ferrari et al. PRL 2006
Graf et al. Nano lett 2007
Eda et al. Nature 2008
2D peak
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GRAnPH - XPS
GANF
GRAnPH oxide Reduced GRAnPH
C=C
C-O
C=C
COOH
C-O, epoxyC=O
C/O =1.38
Binding Energy (eV)
Binding Energy (eV)
C/O = 5 Chemical
C/O = 14 Thermal
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GRAnPH products
GRAnPH Chemically reduced
GRAnPH oxide suspensions
GRAnPH Thermally reduced
� Solvents: � Water� Acetone� THF� Isopropanol
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GRAnPH products
GRAnPH oxide suspensions are highly stable at manysolvents (no surfactant)
Chemically reduced GRAnPH only in water (with NH3) Or surfactants are required (not assured individual layers)
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GRAnPH applications
Electronic
� Touch panels
Energetic
� Supercapacitors� Solar cells� Batteries
Structural
� Polymer nanocomposites
Medical
� Drug delivery
Aligned over substrate