Theispolin(Bulgarian:; pronounced[ispolin], plural ispolini) is a legendarygiantinBulgarianmythology. While the appearance of the ispolin varied according to the myth and region, ispolini were believed to have inhabited theEarthbefore humans and to have been considerably taller.ContentsEtymologyIspolinwith the meaning of "giant" appears inRus'Old Church Slavonictexts as early as the 11th century.RussianlinguistMax Vasmerbelieves the word'setymologyis tied tospali, a name for the defeatedGothsinhabiting what is today southern Russia. The word appears asSliin 1st-centuryAncient RomanauthorPliny the Elder'sNatural History.[1]Origin and appearance

According to Bulgarian mythology,blackberrybushes posed the greatest threat to ispolini, who would trip in their thorns and dieBulgarianfounding mythsrefer to the ispolini as the second out of three generations of people to inhabit the Earth, the third generation being modern humans. The first people that God created weredwarvesor little people, i.e.dzhudzheta(, singular dzhudzhe). However, because of their low stature these people were unable to protect themselves from wild animals or to effectively cultivate the land, and thus they died out.[2]Dwarves were succeeded by ispolini, whom Bulgarians believed God created as the opposite of dwarves. Various myths describe them as up to 3 metres (9.8ft) tall and having huge heads, while other legends portray ispolini as possessing three heads and a single eye, the size of an egg, on their forehead, or a single leg. In some aspects, the ispolin bears a resemblance to thecyclopsof ancientGreek mythology.[2]Besides their height, ispolini also possessed supernatural powers.[3][4]Ispolini were believed to have inhabited the prehistoric mountains. Their voices were thought so powerful that they were able to communicate between each other even when they were standing on far-away mountain tops. Ispolini lived in caves and were carnivorous, feeding exclusively on raw meat. They were regarded as a natural enemy ofdragons(zmeyove) and would often engage them in battle.[2]Despite their physical strength and stature, ispolini were not invulnerable. Bulgarian legends claim that the most dangerous object for an ispolin was theblackberrybush. Due to their height and sluggishness, ispolini were unable to spot or avoid blackberry bushes, so they would trip, get caught in the thorns and perish. Perceiving the blackberry as a great and powerful danger, ispolini were believed to offer sacrifices (kurban) to the blackberry in order to propitiate it.[2]However, the legend goes, God destroyed ispolini because he judged that they were, just like dwarves, not suited for life on Earth. In many regions of Bulgaria, large heaps of stones, often ruins of ancient buildings, are interpreted as ispolin graveyards. It was common practice that when a person passed such an area, they would throw a stone as a form of denouncement (anathema).[2]Because ispolini and thus their "graveyards" were also known under the names elini("Hellenes"), latini("Latins") and zhidove("Jews"), such heaps are attributed to the pre-Christiancivilizations that inhabited theBalkans. Ruins that were commonly tied to the mythological ispolini could be found nearSamokov,Veliko Tarnovo,Malko TarnovoandIhtiman.[2]Bulgarian scholars interpret the association of Latins and Greeks with legendary ancient giants as a result of the wars thatmedieval Bulgariawaged against these people. Humans who were often forced to wage war were thought to be inherently strong and bulky.