SINCE BULGARIA-1300

TO BALKANSAT

Prof. Dr. Petar Getsov

BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES - SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE

6, Moskovska St., P.O.Box 799, 1000 Sofia , tel.: (+359 2) 988 35 03, 986 16 83,

fax: 981 33 47, e-mail:office@space.bas.bg, http://www.space.bas.bg/

BULGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE

I. First period - historical review

-The organized participation of Bulgarian scientists in space

research started in 1969;

-1967-1976 participation in the INTERCOSMOS Program,

preparing experiments and designing equipment for the satellites

“INTERCOSMOS – 8” (IK - 8, 1972), IK - 12, IK-14, IK-19 and

the heavy geophysical rockets VERTICAL - 3, 4, 6, 7, 10.

The first Bulgarian device flied through the Space

-1979 - Bulgaria prepared its first cosmonaut Georgi Ivanov.

- experiments for study of natural optical atmospheric emissions (System

DAGA);

- multi-channel spectrometric remote sensing of the Earth (spectrometer

SPECTAR -15);

- psycho-physiological monitoring of the cosmonauts (Equipment

SREDETS);

- experiments for space material studies.

-In 1981 Bulgaria organized and implemented two satellite programs: “BULGARIA 1300-I” and “METEOR-PRIRODA”.

-“BULGARIA 1300”- for studies in the field of space physics ;

- METEOR-PRIRODA - devices for remote sensing of the Earth;

- In 1989 Bulgaria took part in the design of the video

spectrometric Complex “FREGAT” of the “PHOBOS”.

-1988 - the spacecraft SOYUS TM-5 was launched with the second

Bulgarian cosmonaut Aleksandar Aleksandrov on board .

- complex “ROJEN”(a) -

for astronomical wide field

observation ( visible region);

- device “Pleven”(b) - for

investigation of the

cosmonauts’ medico-

physiological status;

- device “Zora”(c)- for

medical monitoring of the

cosmonauts’ health;

- device “Terma”(d)- for

registration of optical

emissions;

- spectrum-photometer

“Spektar-256”(e).

e

a b

d c

ON THE BOARD OF “MIR” SPACE STATION NEUROLAB-B is the second

generation medical equipment for the studies

of the cosmonauts, psycho and psycho -

physiological conditions during a long flight.

It was based on the board of Mir Space Station

in September 1996. Neurolab-B worked in the

space until March 2002.

The system supports: ECG - 4 channels, EEG - 4 channels,

EMG - 4 channels, EOG - 4 channels,

Pulse wave - 1 channel, Breath efforts -

1 channel, Body temperature- 2

channels, Skin conductance level - 1

channel, Blood pressure - 1 channel,

Electro stimulation 1 channel, Voice

recognition - 1 channel, Dynamo meter

1- channel.

The system supports 48 channels and

can be extended up to 128 channels.

II. Second period – after 1989

“Neurolab-B”

CPC-12 PC-based 12-channels ECG

ER-02 2-channels ECG-holter SP01

Pulse oxymeter holter

“Zora”

ER-02M 2-channels ECG-holter

MA-01

5-channels

sleep apnoea analyse-holter

C-12 12-channels ECG – touch panel controlled

Personal Diagnostic Device (PDD)

Measured parameters: ECG – 1 (I lead) or 6 channels (I, II, III, aVR, aVL, aVF leads)

Oxygen saturation

Peripheral body temperature

Arterial blood pressure (high, normal, low)

National Telemedicine System (NTS)

LOW LEVEL OF

Remote Diagnostic

Center (RDC)

SVET Space Greenhouse Project onboard MIR Orbital Station

The Bulgarian SVET Space Greenhouse (SG) mounted in Crystal module was the only automatic plant growth facility flied onboard MIR OS in the period 1990 - 2001.

A series of successful long-term space experiments with plants were carried out in the SVET SG for 680 days by many international crews.

Fundamental biological research

Experiments and results

USA astronaut Shanon Lucid

carried out wheat experiment

(Super Dwarf) in 1996 – the

heads were empty, without

seeds, because of the gas

ethylene in the atmosphere.

Russian cosmonaut Sergey

Avdeev repeated wheat

experiments (Apogee) in

1998 – the first 500 “space”

seeds were harvested and

second generation “space”

seeds were grown in 1999.

Leafy plants experiment

Russian cosmonaut

Sergey Zalyotin

from the last 28th

MIR OS crew

samples plants of

Brassica rapa

variety grown

onboard and tastes

its flavor quality for

the first time.

The main result from the SVET SG experiments:

It was proved that microgravity is not an obstacle for

normal plant development and reproduction in Space.

International “Mars-500” experiment

“Greenhouse-Mars” Project

Power LED Light Unit with different

RGB spectra is developed to carry

out plant experiments during the

simulation of Manned Mars Mission. IBMP-Moscow

The joint project Demonstration of Mobile Ground Station RAPIDS was

performed, for receiving data from SPOT and ERS satellites.

NLR and Space Research Institute -

Receiving and Processing

Center for remote sensing data

BALKANSAT

Fire in FYR Macedonia

Fire in Greece

Conducting an Internet

Based Monitoring

Study of the

Atmospheric Pollution

in the Region of the

Stara Zagora,

Kurdjali, Bourgas

Municipality Based on

Satellite and Ground

Based Data

Microsatellite platform BALKANSAT

• Monitoring of natural

and anthropogenic disasters,

incidents, and catastrophes;

• Ecological monitoring;

• Influence of cosmic

factors over the Earth and

the Earth‟s atmosphere;

• Telecommunications;

• Education and

popularization of space

technologies and studies;

• Others.

NEW PROJECT: Microsatellite “BALKANSAT”

Fundamental technical characteristics of the micro-satellite BALKANSAT

Mass - 40 kg. Payload mass (Scientific instruments ) - 12.5 kg. Service system - 18.2 kg. Construction and temperature control system - 9.3 kg. Orbit - circular quasypollar, solar synchronous with the height ~ of 700 km.

The time of active existence

- not less than 3 year. - accuracy of the determination of orientation from the sensors (starry, solar, the horizon) and system GPS

Telemetry – 10-15 Mbps

Microsatellite platform BALKANSAT

No NAME BASE PLATFORM

5. Board power-supply

5.1. Sun batteries

Power in the “non- stop” mode

Voltage

0.54 m2

50 W

12 +/- 3 V

5.2. Accumulator batteries

Voltage

Capacity

12 +/- 3 V

5-8 А/h

6. Data storage and transfer system

6.1. Telemetry 10 – 15 Мbit/s

6.2. Board memory 16 GВ

6.3. Communication radio-frequencies 145 MHz, 435 Hz and 8.4 GHz

7. Control systems

7.1. Total amount of control commands Up to 2048 commands

7.2. The commands may be implemented at a time specifically assigned for them

7.3. Control program options Up to 250 or up to 10000

8. Provisional price per kg/useful load, launching

included

$ 20 000/kg

Project “System for early warning, detecting and localization of field and forest fires”

Collaboration - SRI-BAS, “AVIOTECHNIKA” and SA”CIVIL PROTECTION”

Project “Potential” - body charge of space vehicles, Russia;

Experiment “Obstanovka” on-board the International Space

Station – equipment aimed to determine the body potential on the

station (Russia, Ukraine, Hungary, Great Britain, Bulgaria, etc.).

Wave – R -Research of

electromagnetic waves and resonance

processes of energy transportation in

ionospheric - magnetospheric plasma

by the results of high apogee satellite’s

measurements, 2006 – 2010

Resonance - Possibilities research for

complex navigation of high apogee

satellites, using the three satellite

navigation systems GPS, GLONASS,

GALILEO - Russia etc.

Аccretion – Non-linear

dynamics of accretion

flows in twin stellar

systems, 2006- 2010 -

Russia

Blast waves physics in astrophysical objects. Work on the subject done in cooperation with scientists from USA, Italy and Russia using data for m the Chandra (NASA) and XMM - Newton (ESA) X - ray observatories. T heoretical models a re also developed . Sv. Jekov

Contract No. НЗ - 1402/04 with the Ministry of

Education and Science , Scientific Research Fund, on the Topic: Electromagnetic Monitoring of Regions

with Enhanced Seismic Activity ( Measurement

Equipment Installed at the Panagyurishte

Geomagnetic Observatory )

B. Boytchev Colaboration: India

University of Colorado at Boulder

The Pennsylvania State University

Joint Research Project between Space Research Institute-BAS and Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Mumbai India A Study of ELF/ULF Waves and Field-Aligned Current Systems by Satellite and Ground Based Measurements”

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60

120

180

Np

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-40

-20

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20

40

nT

Flu

x (/

cm2

/s/s

r/M

ev)

47 -65 Kev

112 -187 Kev

Flu

x (/

cm2

/s/s

r/M

ev)

WIND Satellite

ACE Satellite

ACE Sattelite

ACE Satellite

TIR 'H'

80 -160Kev

320 -640 Kev

19 -28 Mev

28 -72 Mev

106

104

102

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UT-400

-200

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100

10-2

00 06 12 18 00 06 12 18 00 06 12 18

00 06 12 18 00 06 12 18 00 06 12 18

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310- 580 Kev

1060- 1910 Kev

Magion-4

Satellite

Magion-5

Satellite

The resuts of this project are presents

at international scientific meetings and

conferenses and published in scientific

journals: 35th COSPAR, Paris, France

2004; 36th COSPAR, Beijing, China,

2006; ISROSSES, Varna Bulgaria 2007;

PLASMA - 2006, Jaipur, India 2006;

WDS 2007, Praha , Czech Republic,2007;

Journals ASR, JASTP end ad.

- To clear up the basic physical

relations between generation of FAC

and ELF/ULF waves in the

magnetosphere.

- To have more adequate knowledge on

the microstructure of wave processes in

the boundary region of the

magnetosphere (magnetosheath,

magnetopause, cusp) on the base of

multi component wave measurements.

- To receive a better estimation of the

transfer of MHD energy from the

magnetosphere towards the

atmosphere of the Earth.

PROJECTS PREPARATION WITH EUROPEAN UNION “ESA SURE ANNOUNCEMENT OF OPPORTUNITY -

2006” “Influence of the Space Environment on the Physical and Tribological Properties of Self-lubricating Composite Materials”. “ESA SURE AO

- 003/24.04.2006”.

ESA - SURE AO - 2006 Yu. Simeonova

6 FP Scheme 6FP

P. Getsov

G. Mardirossian

B. Rangelov

PHARE

Center for transfer of aerospace technologies -

SRI-BAS, Geographic Institute- BAS, NPP Space

P. Getsov

G. Mardirossian

I. Nikolova

O. Petrov

G. Sotirov E. Rumenina

T. Belichinova

7 FP West Balkans – SRI-BAS,”Sonchev Zrak”

Research Center, Macedonia, Slovenia, Croatia

G. Sotirov

E. Roumenina

D. Teodosiev

P. Getsov

G. Mardirossian

7 FP ACARE

V. Patov

B. Stanev

P. Getsov

7 FP, Space objects protection from solid radiation SRI-BAS, Valonia Space Logistics,

Brussels St. Stavrev

7 FP, Covering of tools for processing of highcollegate steels

SRI-BAS, D’Appolonia Genua, Italy St. Stavrev

7 FP, Criogenetic reservoir based on matrix from thermoplastic composition

SRI-BAS, EADS Astrium, Touluse, France St. Stavrev

X-Gear-

New generation covering creation for dental gear with great power

SRI-BAS, D’Appolonia Italy, 9 countries St. Stavrev

NAVOBS+,

Net creation from MSP for introducing of production in 18 areas of space research

SRI-BAS, WSL Belgium St. Stavrev

I-Stone Project: Creation of new

generation tools based on

nanotechnologies – EU

http://www.navobs.com

X - Gear Project : Creation of new generation diamond ropes for stone cutting – EU T he objective of X - Gear is the diffusion and s tandardisation of novel technologies and new materials for a new generation of gears characterised by higher accuracy, resistance, reliability, and tribology properties. In this context , X - GEAR plays a role in the competitiveness of European industry since it aims to comply with the increasingly tighter requirements being p laced on the gear industry for lighter weight, higher torque transmissions and quieter, more efficient gear trains. Research activities will be focused on an innovative combination of:

N ew surface treatments based on Flame Spraying, PVD and Laser Shot Peening;

New materials based on nanopowders (namely ultradispersed fine diamonds) for the production of ultra - resistant gears;

Manufacturing and design tools and knowledge platform impleme nting guidelines and best practices developed in the project, for a wider diffusion of the project results to the IAGs and their members.

http://dappolonia

-

research.com/xgear

NAVOBS Project:-

FP6:Creation of firms net for

introduce developments in 18

areas of space research.

The NAVOBS PLUS programme is

an initiative of the European

Space Incubato r Network

(ESINET), supported by the

European Business and Innovation

Centre Network, the European

Space Agency and the Space

Sesearch & Applications Unit of

the EC DG Enterprise and

Industry.

S С HEMA – Scenarios for Hazard - Induced Emergencies Management. Sixth Framework Programme .

In the autumn of 2007, a contract with more than 12 partners from 9 countries of the Mediterranean Region was signed.

,

5

3

7

8

4

6

1

2

Datameasurementcomplex

from ground

Stu dy of Electromagnetic Emissions . Contract between SRI - BAS and the Research Centres in FYR Macedonia, Croatia, Slovenia

2005 - 2007 .

Within the Contract’s framework studies have been performed of the electromagnetic field created by power transmission lines and high - frequency communication equipment . With the participation of specialists from the National Institute of Hygien e, Medical Ecology and Nutrition, measurements of the electromagnetic field under a 400 kV/50 Hz power transmission line in the region of the Town of Prilep, Macedonia, have been made and expert assessment has been provided on the request of the Macedonian judiciary . The experience collected during these studies and some previous contributions of the Institute made it possible to apply with the EU project „ Development of Strategy and Methods for Monitoring of Electromagnetic Pollutions in the E nvironment of the Western Balkans ” .

The joint work with the Macedonian Institute of Geobiology, Archaeology, Underground Water and Ecology – IGAPE , in the Scientific Council of which participate two researchers of the SRI - BAS, appears to be very prospective .

Technology Transfer Office

in the Space Research Institute at

the Bulgarian Academy of

Sciences

Established in September 2007 with

the support of EU and RBulgaria –

PHARE Project BG 2005/353-

017.10.06/ESC/G/TTO

Mission of the TTO

Facilitate the process of technology transfer between the Space Research Institute and the business by comparing and „meeting‟ the needs of the business of modern technology solutions with ready for commercialization products from the research work of the Institute

-Design of integrated navigation-communication systems with wide

practical application in the field of on-line monitoring of movable objects -

transportation vehicles and aircraft

Technologies for

investigation and repair of

avionics and hydraulic

equipment The Laboratory is

competent in the following

fields:

- repair and maintenance

of avionics;

- repair and maintenance

of hydraulic equipment.

Contract with aviation firms

related with research,

technical service and restoration

of aviation components working

efficiency

Earnings distribution in SRI-BAS

Budget subsidy

to SRI-BAS

61.4%

Income due to

scientific -

applied

activities of SRI-

BAS

38.6%

Earnings distribution due to business and

scientific - applied activities in SRI-BAS

Programs

PHARE and

OP DHR

3%

Rental receipts

4%Research

projects, from

NSF

10%

Scientific -

applied

international

projects

23%

Scientific -

applied projects

in the country

60%

III. The future–cooperation and integration

Bulgaria has skilled specialists in the field of space research and we are

looking for partners to participate jointly in the 7th Framework Programme

of the EC.

For the purpose, it is necessary to organize preliminary workshops with

leading experts from various countries in the context of joint participation in

space programs in the field of: small satellites, earth observation, space physics,

projects related with the International Space station (ISS).

6, Moskovska St., Sofia 1000, BULGARIA

Space Research Institute

Bulgarian Academy of Science