BUKHARA IS THE BUKHARA IS THE PEARL OF THE PEARL OF THE

EASTEAST

Cheked by: Navruzov B.B.

• Bukhara citadel of Ark obtained its modern appearance in the period Bukhara citadel of Ark obtained its modern appearance in the period of the Man-ghit dynasty (1747-1920). Ark was the center of Bukhara of the Man-ghit dynasty (1747-1920). Ark was the center of Bukhara statehood. There was a palace of Bukhara amir, mosques, statehood. There was a palace of Bukhara amir, mosques, exchequer, governmental administration and prison. Its grand exchequer, governmental administration and prison. Its grand entrance fronted the Registan Square. entrance fronted the Registan Square.

The massive gates were reinforced with two towers connected by the The massive gates were reinforced with two towers connected by the gallery above. In the past a lash was hanged above the gate gallery above. In the past a lash was hanged above the gate symbolizing the power of amir. Arc suffered much in 1920 when Red symbolizing the power of amir. Arc suffered much in 1920 when Red Army conducted shell attack and bombed the city.Army conducted shell attack and bombed the city.Since 1945, the Bukhara State Architectural Art Museum-Preserve Since 1945, the Bukhara State Architectural Art Museum-Preserve has been situated in the Arkhas been situated in the Ark citadel. citadel.

• Bolo-Hauz mosque Bolo-Hauz mosque • In the past Registan In the past Registan

Square was occupied Square was occupied by numerous by numerous beautiful buildings. beautiful buildings. Today there is only Today there is only monument of monument of medieval Bukhara - medieval Bukhara - the Bolo-Hauz the Bolo-Hauz Ensemble. It is a Ensemble. It is a classic sample of classic sample of Central Asian Central Asian mosque: the winter mosque: the winter building of 1712, building of 1712, summer aivan of the summer aivan of the early 20th century early 20th century with ornamented with ornamented ceiling and wooden ceiling and wooden columns, small columns, small minaret constructed minaret constructed in 1917 by usto in 1917 by usto Shirin and small Shirin and small basin. basin.

The brightest feature The brightest feature of mosque is decor of of mosque is decor of aivan which columns aivan which columns are made from two are made from two trunks each and have trunks each and have stalactite capitals. stalactite capitals.

•

Balyand mosqueBalyand mosque Balyand ("High") Mosque is Balyand ("High") Mosque is

a small mosque in the rich a small mosque in the rich Bukhara quarter. Its age is Bukhara quarter. Its age is more than 500 years. G-more than 500 years. G-shaped column aivan shaped column aivan surrounds rectangular surrounds rectangular winter part of mosque. It winter part of mosque. It served a summer mosque. served a summer mosque. Mihrab and wall panels are Mihrab and wall panels are faced with mosaics, and faced with mosaics, and walls have poiychromic walls have poiychromic painting with gilding. painting with gilding. Vegetative ornament and Vegetative ornament and inscriptions in Sulth inscriptions in Sulth dominate. Wooden columns dominate. Wooden columns with stalactite capitals on with stalactite capitals on marble bases and ceiling of marble bases and ceiling of avian were done in the 19th avian were done in the 19th century. The ceiling of century. The ceiling of mosque is unique: it is made mosque is unique: it is made from planks, decorated with from planks, decorated with geometrical ornament and geometrical ornament and small wooden cupolas. small wooden cupolas.

• Chashma Ayub Chashma Ayub

• Chashma-Ayub belongs to the esteemed "places of trace" ("kadamjoi") left by saints. Chashma-Ayub belongs to the esteemed "places of trace" ("kadamjoi") left by saints. Legends say that the bible prophet Job (Ayub) once visited this place. A blow of his staff Legends say that the bible prophet Job (Ayub) once visited this place. A blow of his staff created a well ("chash-ma"). Its water remains pure to this day, and is considered to have created a well ("chash-ma"). Its water remains pure to this day, and is considered to have healing powers. healing powers.

According to legend, a holy structure already existed here in the 12th century. The According to legend, a holy structure already existed here in the 12th century. The inscription on the portal states that today's structure was built by Amir Temur. Characteristic inscription on the portal states that today's structure was built by Amir Temur. Characteristic of Chashma-Ayub is a conical dome, typical of Khorezm architecture in the 13th and 14th of Chashma-Ayub is a conical dome, typical of Khorezm architecture in the 13th and 14th centuries. Most likely, Khorezm masters invited by Temur were the builders of Chashma-centuries. Most likely, Khorezm masters invited by Temur were the builders of Chashma-Ayub. Ayub.

• Chor-MinorChor-Minor• "Chor-minor" ("Four "Chor-minor" ("Four

minarets") is a name of minarets") is a name of unusual Madrassah of unusual Madrassah of Caliph Niyazkul, built in Caliph Niyazkul, built in 1807. Madrassah has a 1807. Madrassah has a courtyard with one-courtyard with one-storied hudjras, column storied hudjras, column aivan of summer aivan of summer mosque and reservoir mosque and reservoir faced with stones. faced with stones.

Original is the entrance Original is the entrance - four-arch dome - four-arch dome structure with four structure with four corner towers under corner towers under blue domes. Three blue domes. Three towers were used as towers were used as utility rooms. The utility rooms. The fourth has a stair going fourth has a stair going to the second floor into to the second floor into the dome hall of library. the dome hall of library.

• Toki-Zargaron, Toki-Sarrafon, Toki-Tilpak-Toki-Zargaron, Toki-Sarrafon, Toki-Tilpak-Furushon - shopping mall in Bukhara Furushon - shopping mall in Bukhara Historical monuments of Bukhara Historical monuments of Bukhara

• Medieval Bukhara was a big business city receiving Medieval Bukhara was a big business city receiving merchants from Central Asia, Iran and India, Russia and merchants from Central Asia, Iran and India, Russia and China. The trading status of Bukhara influenced its China. The trading status of Bukhara influenced its planning and architecture. Central streets played a planning and architecture. Central streets played a roleof markets, each of which specialized in some roleof markets, each of which specialized in some products. So, domed and multi-arched buildings were products. So, domed and multi-arched buildings were constructed on the squares and crossroads to make sale constructed on the squares and crossroads to make sale more comfortable. They were named "tok"-arch, dome. more comfortable. They were named "tok"-arch, dome. Three such structures survive to this day. These are Three such structures survive to this day. These are Toki-ZargaronToki-Zargaron (dome of jewelers), (dome of jewelers), Toki-SarrafonToki-Sarrafon (dome of moneychangers) and (dome of moneychangers) and Toki-Tilpak-FurushonToki-Tilpak-Furushon (dome of headwear sellers).(dome of headwear sellers).

These domes-"Toks" of the 15th-16th centuries blocked These domes-"Toks" of the 15th-16th centuries blocked crossroads. They directed traffic, unloading arterial road crossroads. They directed traffic, unloading arterial road and organizing trade. Shops and workshops were located and organizing trade. Shops and workshops were located inside on perimeter. Architecturally and functionally Tim inside on perimeter. Architecturally and functionally Tim of Abdullakhan belongs to "Toks". This is large multi-of Abdullakhan belongs to "Toks". This is large multi-dome mall for silk sale. In the center of Tim there is a big dome mall for silk sale. In the center of Tim there is a big area for sale. Dome gallery with fifty six shops is going area for sale. Dome gallery with fifty six shops is going on its perimeter. on its perimeter.

Gaukushan ensembleGaukushan ensemble The square with a The square with a

stone pool in the stone pool in the center is located to center is located to the west from Toki-the west from Toki-Sarrafon at the edge Sarrafon at the edge of dwelling quarters of dwelling quarters of the old city. There of the old city. There are two small are two small madrassah and madrassah and architectural architectural ensemble of ensemble of Gaukushan related to Gaukushan related to the Shaybanid the Shaybanid buildings of the 16th buildings of the 16th century. This one-century. This one-storied complex storied complex includes mosque, low includes mosque, low minaret imitating minaret imitating Kalyan and Kalyan and madrassah with dome madrassah with dome hudjras. hudjras.

• Sitorai-Mohi-Hosa Palace (late 19th c. - early 20th cc.) Sitorai-Mohi-Hosa Palace (late 19th c. - early 20th cc.) • Sitorai-Mohi-Hosa Palace was a country residence of Bukhara amirs. It Sitorai-Mohi-Hosa Palace was a country residence of Bukhara amirs. It

had been under construction for two decades at the end of the 19th - had been under construction for two decades at the end of the 19th - early 20th centuries. Construction works at the old palace started at early 20th centuries. Construction works at the old palace started at amir Abdullahad-khan (died in 1910). He sent Bukhara masters to amir Abdullahad-khan (died in 1910). He sent Bukhara masters to Petersburg and Yalta to study Russian architecture. Using Russian Petersburg and Yalta to study Russian architecture. Using Russian experience, local architects with usto Khodja Hafiz at the head built a experience, local architects with usto Khodja Hafiz at the head built a rich building that had combined local Bukhara and European traditions. rich building that had combined local Bukhara and European traditions. Its throne hall for royal receptions made a core of the palace.Its throne hall for royal receptions made a core of the palace.

• The palace complex of Sitorai-Mohi-Hosa was finished at The palace complex of Sitorai-Mohi-Hosa was finished at amir Alim-khan. It included a grand entrance arch, amir Alim-khan. It included a grand entrance arch, courtyard with galleries, main building of European style courtyard with galleries, main building of European style before the basin and house for amir's harem in the garden. before the basin and house for amir's harem in the garden. Carving on stucco with mirror background in "White Hall" Carving on stucco with mirror background in "White Hall" that was done by Bukhara masters headed by usto Shirin that was done by Bukhara masters headed by usto Shirin Muradov and paintings in the reception room done under Muradov and paintings in the reception room done under usto Hasan-Djan's direction are recognized true usto Hasan-Djan's direction are recognized true masterpieces. After revolution of 1920, Sitorai-Mohi-Hosa masterpieces. After revolution of 1920, Sitorai-Mohi-Hosa was used for sessions of supreme state body of Bukhara was used for sessions of supreme state body of Bukhara National Republic (1920-1924) - all-Bukhara Kurultai. National Republic (1920-1924) - all-Bukhara Kurultai. Mausoleum of Saifetdin Boharziy (late 13th-14th cc.)Mausoleum of Saifetdin Boharziy (late 13th-14th cc.)

• Sheikh Saifeddin Boharzi (died in 1261) was a pupil of Sheikh Saifeddin Boharzi (died in 1261) was a pupil of outstanding Khorezm Sufi Nadjm ad-Din Qubro (died in outstanding Khorezm Sufi Nadjm ad-Din Qubro (died in 1220). He chose Bukhara for preaching where founded 1220). He chose Bukhara for preaching where founded famous "qubraviyyah" khanaka. Sheikh Boharzi converted famous "qubraviyyah" khanaka. Sheikh Boharzi converted Golden Horde's khan Berke into Islam. In the middle of the Golden Horde's khan Berke into Islam. In the middle of the 13th century he headed Bukhara madrassah, established 13th century he headed Bukhara madrassah, established by Ma'sud-beg, Mongolian minister and Muslim. Sheikh by Ma'sud-beg, Mongolian minister and Muslim. Sheikh was buried in Fatkhabad.The mausoleum above his tomb was buried in Fatkhabad.The mausoleum above his tomb arose at the end of the 13th century. Dome building of arose at the end of the 13th century. Dome building of khanaka with portal was buiit in the 14th century. Khanaka khanaka with portal was buiit in the 14th century. Khanaka had been operating till the end of 18th century. had been operating till the end of 18th century. Mausoleum of Buyan Kuli khan (late 14th c., 15th or Mausoleum of Buyan Kuli khan (late 14th c., 15th or 16th c.) 16th c.)

• Lyabi-Hauz (lit. "shore of pool") is very popular among Lyabi-Hauz (lit. "shore of pool") is very popular among travelers. It is the largest artificial reservoir of medieval travelers. It is the largest artificial reservoir of medieval Bukhara. It was installed around 1620 between khanaka and Bukhara. It was installed around 1620 between khanaka and madrassah, constructed by the order of khan's vizier Nadir madrassah, constructed by the order of khan's vizier Nadir Divan-beghi. The two new buildings and Kukeldash Divan-beghi. The two new buildings and Kukeldash Madrassah had formed a perfect architectural ensemble Madrassah had formed a perfect architectural ensemble with reservoir in the middle. The pool is of 42 m in length, with reservoir in the middle. The pool is of 42 m in length, 36 m in width and about 5 m in depth. Lyabi-Hauz has stone 36 m in width and about 5 m in depth. Lyabi-Hauz has stone steps by which Bukhara watermen went down to take water. steps by which Bukhara watermen went down to take water.

• Khanaka and madrassah of Nadir Divan-Beghi (1620)Khanaka and madrassah of Nadir Divan-Beghi (1620)• Khanaka was built first of Lyabi-Hauz ensemble. It was a place for staying and Khanaka was built first of Lyabi-Hauz ensemble. It was a place for staying and

meditations of Sufis. This is a massive rectangular structure with cruciform hall meditations of Sufis. This is a massive rectangular structure with cruciform hall under dome and hudjras in corners. The pool was built later. Nadir Divan-Beghi under dome and hudjras in corners. The pool was built later. Nadir Divan-Beghi constructed caravanserai on its other side. constructed caravanserai on its other side.

At the opening of caravanserai, Imamkuli-khan (1611-1642) complimented his At the opening of caravanserai, Imamkuli-khan (1611-1642) complimented his minister on construction of the building "for the glory of Allah" by advice of Sufi minister on construction of the building "for the glory of Allah" by advice of Sufi sheikhs. So, Nadir Divan-Beghi had to convert it into madrassah. Flying sheikhs. So, Nadir Divan-Beghi had to convert it into madrassah. Flying phoenixes decorate the reconstructed portal. <>phoenixes decorate the reconstructed portal. <>

• Kalyan MinaretKalyan Minaret• Kalyan Minaret (Great Kalyan Minaret (Great

Minaret) is the main symboi Minaret) is the main symboi of sacred Bukhara. The of sacred Bukhara. The minaret was used not only to minaret was used not only to call Muslims to prayer, but call Muslims to prayer, but symbolized the authority and symbolized the authority and power of its spiritual leaders. power of its spiritual leaders. The central ensemble of The central ensemble of Bukhara - Poi-Kalyan - Bukhara - Poi-Kalyan - literally "Beneath the Great" literally "Beneath the Great" grew up around the minaret. grew up around the minaret.

The Kalyan Minaret is a The Kalyan Minaret is a round tower 9 m in diameter round tower 9 m in diameter at its base, tapering to 6m at at its base, tapering to 6m at the top. It is possible to the top. It is possible to ascend the minaret from the ascend the minaret from the roof of the cathedral mosque roof of the cathedral mosque through a passage. Inside the through a passage. Inside the tower is a spiral staircase tower is a spiral staircase having 104 steps. Total having 104 steps. Total height of the minaret is height of the minaret is 45.6m. The inscription on the 45.6m. The inscription on the cornice announces the date cornice announces the date of its construction, 1127, and of its construction, 1127, and the name of its architect - the name of its architect - Bako. Bako.

• Kalyan Mosque (early Kalyan Mosque (early 16thc.)16thc.)

• Today's Kalyan Mosque Today's Kalyan Mosque was built at the beginning was built at the beginning of the 16th century, at the of the 16th century, at the first Shaybanids. Since that first Shaybanids. Since that time, except for Soviet time, except for Soviet time, it has operated as time, it has operated as cathedral mosque of cathedral mosque of Bukhara.Bukhara.The mosque replaced the The mosque replaced the old Qarakhanid cathedral old Qarakhanid cathedral mosque of the 12th mosque of the 12th century, which was built century, which was built simultaneously with Kalyan simultaneously with Kalyan Minaret. This Shay-banid Minaret. This Shay-banid mosque is comparable witn mosque is comparable witn Temuricl cathedral Temuricl cathedral mosques in Samarkand and mosques in Samarkand and Herat. It is behind Bibi-Herat. It is behind Bibi-Khanym Mosque in Khanym Mosque in Samarkand in number of Samarkand in number of structures, but, its area of structures, but, its area of 130 x 80 m surpasses the 130 x 80 m surpasses the last one.last one.

Kalyan Mosque is Kalyan Mosque is traditionally rectangular in traditionally rectangular in layout and has four aivans. layout and has four aivans. Aivan at the entrance has Aivan at the entrance has external portal fronting the external portal fronting the Poi-Kalyan Square and Poi-Kalyan Square and internal portal overlooking internal portal overlooking the courtyard. Arched the courtyard. Arched galleries with 288 domes galleries with 288 domes go on perimeter of the go on perimeter of the court yard. They are based court yard. They are based on 208 columns. The on 208 columns. The octahedral stand used as octahedral stand used as lectern is located on the lectern is located on the central axis beside the central axis beside the internal portal. Mosaics internal portal. Mosaics and glazed bricks make and glazed bricks make colored decoration of colored decoration of facadesfacades

• Miri-Arab Madrassah Miri-Arab Madrassah (16thc.)(16thc.)

• Active Miri-Arab Active Miri-Arab Madrassah is located Madrassah is located opposite to Kaiyan Mosque. opposite to Kaiyan Mosque. This is one of the most This is one of the most esteemed spiritual Islamic esteemed spiritual Islamic universities on the post-universities on the post-Soviet territory. It was Soviet territory. It was constructed at the constructed at the Shaybanids in the 16th Shaybanids in the 16th century in account of century in account of trophies the nephew of trophies the nephew of Shaybani-khan, Ubaidallah-Shaybani-khan, Ubaidallah-khan (died in 1539) took. khan (died in 1539) took. Khan gave them to his Khan gave them to his teacher and head of Bukhara teacher and head of Bukhara Muslims Miri-Arab ("Prince Muslims Miri-Arab ("Prince of Arabs"). The last came of Arabs"). The last came from Yemen and was a pupil from Yemen and was a pupil of Khodja Akhrar. of Khodja Akhrar. Madrassah has traditional Madrassah has traditional layout-two floors of hudjras layout-two floors of hudjras surround four-aivan surround four-aivan courtyard.courtyard.

Classrooms occupy three Classrooms occupy three corners of the building. The corners of the building. The fourth belongs to necropolis fourth belongs to necropolis of Ubaidallah-khan and Miri-of Ubaidallah-khan and Miri-Arab. The khan's tomb with Arab. The khan's tomb with wooden gravestone in the wooden gravestone in the Yemen style is located at the Yemen style is located at the foot of Sheikh Miri-Arab's foot of Sheikh Miri-Arab's tomb. The portal in the tomb. The portal in the middle of the facade has middle of the facade has semi-octahedral arch. semi-octahedral arch. Mosque and gurkhana with Mosque and gurkhana with domes on high cylindrical domes on high cylindrical drums are behind two-drums are behind two-storied loggias of the facade. storied loggias of the facade. The external decor is formed The external decor is formed by carved mosaics of by carved mosaics of vegetative ornaments and vegetative ornaments and Sulth scripts. Sulth scripts.

EXERCISESEXERCISES• I. Translate the following sentences I. Translate the following sentences

into your native tongue.into your native tongue.• 1. 1. Today's Kalyan Mosque was built at Today's Kalyan Mosque was built at

the beginning of the 16th century, at the beginning of the 16th century, at the first Shaybanids. Since that time, the first Shaybanids. Since that time, except for Soviet time, it has operated except for Soviet time, it has operated as cathedral mosque of Bukhara.as cathedral mosque of Bukhara.2. 2. The Kalyan Minaret is a round tower The Kalyan Minaret is a round tower 9 m in diameter at its base, tapering to 9 m in diameter at its base, tapering to 6m at the top. It is possible to ascend 6m at the top. It is possible to ascend the minaret from the roof of the the minaret from the roof of the cathedral mosque through a passagecathedral mosque through a passage..

• 3. 3. The square with a stone pool in the The square with a stone pool in the center is located to the west from Toki-center is located to the west from Toki-Sarrafon at the edge of dwelling Sarrafon at the edge of dwelling quarters of the old city. quarters of the old city.

• 4. 4. Dome building of khanaka with portal Dome building of khanaka with portal was buiit in the 14th century. was buiit in the 14th century.

• 5. 5. He chose Bukhara for preaching He chose Bukhara for preaching where founded famous "qubraviyyah" where founded famous "qubraviyyah" khanaka. khanaka.

• 6. 6. The pool is of 42 m in length, 36 m in The pool is of 42 m in length, 36 m in width and about 5 m in depth. Lyabi-width and about 5 m in depth. Lyabi-Hauz has stone steps by which Bukhara Hauz has stone steps by which Bukhara watermen went down to take water. watermen went down to take water.

II. Put in the appropriate II. Put in the appropriate pronouns. pronouns.

• 1. …1. … the opening the opening …… caravanserai, caravanserai, Imamkuli-khan (1611-1642) Imamkuli-khan (1611-1642) complimented his minister complimented his minister …… construction construction …… the building “ the building “…… the the glory glory …… Allah" Allah" …… advice advice …… Sufi sheikhs Sufi sheikhs..

• 2. 2. The two new buildings and Kukeldash The two new buildings and Kukeldash Madrassah had formed a perfect Madrassah had formed a perfect architectural ensemble architectural ensemble …… reservoir reservoir …… the middle. the middle.

•3. 3. They are based They are based …… 208 208 columns.columns.

•4. 4. The mosque replaced the The mosque replaced the old Qarakhanid cathedral old Qarakhanid cathedral mosque mosque …… the 12th century, the 12th century, which was built which was built simultaneously simultaneously …… Kalyan Kalyan Minaret.Minaret.

III. Put in the suitable III. Put in the suitable articles where necessary.articles where necessary.

• 1. 1. Its throne hall for royal receptions Its throne hall for royal receptions made made … … core of core of …… palace. palace.2. 2. Balyand ("High") Mosque is Balyand ("High") Mosque is …… small small mosque in mosque in …… rich Bukhara quarter. Its rich Bukhara quarter. Its age is more thanage is more than … … 500 years. 500 years.

• 3. …3. … brightest feature of mosque is brightest feature of mosque is … … decor of aivan which columns are decor of aivan which columns are made from two trunks each and have made from two trunks each and have stalactite capitals. stalactite capitals.

• 4. 4. In In …… past Registan Square was past Registan Square was occupied by numerous occupied by numerous … … beautiful beautiful buildings. buildings.

• 5. …5. … massive gates were reinforced massive gates were reinforced with two towers connected by with two towers connected by …… gallery above. gallery above.

• 6. 6. Bukhara citadel of Ark obtained Bukhara citadel of Ark obtained its modern appearance in its modern appearance in …… period period of of …… Manghit dynasty (1747-1920). Manghit dynasty (1747-1920).

IV. PARAPHRASE THE IV. PARAPHRASE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES.FOLLOWING SENTENCES.

• 1. 1. Classrooms occupy three corners of Classrooms occupy three corners of the building. the building.

• 2. 2. Construction works at the old Construction works at the old palace started at amir Abdullahad-palace started at amir Abdullahad-khan (died in 1910). khan (died in 1910).

• 3. 3. This one-storied complex includes This one-storied complex includes mosque, low minaret imitating Kalyan mosque, low minaret imitating Kalyan and madrassah with dome hudjras. and madrassah with dome hudjras.

• 4. 4. After revolution of 1920, Sitorai-Mohi-After revolution of 1920, Sitorai-Mohi-Hosa was used for sessions of supreme Hosa was used for sessions of supreme state body of Bukhara National Republic state body of Bukhara National Republic (1920-1924) - all-Bukhara Kurultai. (1920-1924) - all-Bukhara Kurultai.

• 5. 5. The two new buildings and Kukeldash The two new buildings and Kukeldash Madrassah had formed a perfect Madrassah had formed a perfect architectural ensemble with reservoir in architectural ensemble with reservoir in the middle. the middle.

• 6. 6. The mosque replaced the old The mosque replaced the old Qarakhanid cathedral mosque of the Qarakhanid cathedral mosque of the 12th century, which was built 12th century, which was built simultaneously with Kalyan Minaret. simultaneously with Kalyan Minaret.

TESTSTESTS• 1. Whom the creation of Bukhara connected with?1. Whom the creation of Bukhara connected with?• A) AfrasiyobA) Afrasiyob• B) SiyavushB) Siyavush• C) Amir TemurC) Amir Temur• D) Doro ID) Doro I• 2. When did we celebrate the 2500 anniversary of Bukhara?2. When did we celebrate the 2500 anniversary of Bukhara?• A) 1996A) 1996• B) 1998B) 1998• C) 1997C) 1997• D) 2001D) 2001• 3. What does Chashmai Ayub mean?3. What does Chashmai Ayub mean?• A) the palace of kingA) the palace of king• B) the holy placeB) the holy place• C) the spring of AyubC) the spring of Ayub• D) the eyes of AyubD) the eyes of Ayub

• 4. 4. Where is Where is Miri-Arab Madrassah locatedMiri-Arab Madrassah located??• A) near the Labi HauzA) near the Labi Hauz• B) at Somonids’ parkB) at Somonids’ park• C) beside ArkC) beside Ark• D)D) opposite to Ka opposite to Kallyan Mosque yan Mosque • 5. 5. Who Who chose Bukhara for preaching where founded chose Bukhara for preaching where founded

famous "qubraviyyah" khanakafamous "qubraviyyah" khanaka??• A) A) Sheikh Saifeddin Boharzi Sheikh Saifeddin Boharzi • B) B) Nadjm ad-Din Qubro Nadjm ad-Din Qubro • C) SamonidC) Samonid• D) Amir TemurD) Amir Temur• 6. What building is 6. What building is the main symbothe main symboll of sacred Bukhara of sacred Bukhara?? • A) ArkA) Ark• B) Sitorai Mohi KhosaB) Sitorai Mohi Khosa• C) C) Kalyan MinaretKalyan Minaret• D) Labi HauzD) Labi Hauz

• 7. What does the word7. What does the word Miri-Arab Miri-Arab mean?mean?• A) A) prince of Arabsprince of Arabs• B) captain of ArabsB) captain of Arabs• C) star of Arabs C) star of Arabs • D)D) city of Arabscity of Arabs

• 8. How long is 8. How long is the Kalyan Minaret in the Kalyan Minaret in diameterdiameter??

• A)19 mA)19 m• B) 10 mB) 10 m• C) 15 mC) 15 m• D)D) 9 m 9 m

• 9. How many classrooms are there in 9. How many classrooms are there in Miri-ArabMiri-Arab??

• A) 5A) 5• B) 3B) 3• C) 4C) 4• D)D) 1010

• 10. What does 10. What does Lyabi-Hauz Lyabi-Hauz mean?mean?• A) A) shore of poolshore of pool• B) top of poolB) top of pool• C) shore of seaC) shore of sea• D) mouth of animalD) mouth of animal