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The three day South Asia Regional Conference on Rural Water Supply and Sanitation was organized by the World Bank in partnership with AusAid. Around 80 high level officials from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka as well as experts and practitioners from Brazil, Vietnam, Netherlands and the United States of America are participating in the conference. They shared their views and insights on critical issues like the long term sustainability of rural water supply schemes, increasing access to sanitation, challenges of declining water quality and quantity, monitoring and evaluation and public-private partnership in rural water supply & sanitation. The delegates of the conference visited four schemes of Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Fund Development Board Nepal. RWSSFDB concluded the Second program on August 2012. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Fund Development Board altogether under first and second project helped community to develop 2365 functioning WASH schemes which provided 299547 house hold with 1840892 population access to safe water, toilet facility and income generation program for self sustainability . Planning, implementation and operation was taken by community where NGO would facilitate them and third party service agency provided impartial monitoring and evaluation inputs. The Board at back seat acted to capacitate the partners, stakeholders and provided fund for community demand driven schemes. The schemes implemented by communities reflected sustainability rate as high as 85 to 92 percent in different batches as found in the reports of sustainability studies.

Kishore Thapa, Secretary at the Ministry of Urban Development, Janak Raj Shah, Honourable Member of the National Planning

Commission, Caroline Mills of AusAID

This document includes schemes visited by conference participants and one scheme in Palpa Inaugurated by Minister Top Bahadur Raymajhi in different occasion. Along with my Portfolio Managers team of Central and Western Region, I had the great opportunity to contract, supervise these programs for successful implementation. I hope researcher, planners, students and sector experts will find this report useful. We are open to exchange knowledge which may help to achieve MDGs with fast track and sustainable approach.

Thanks

Preface:

Rural Water Supply and sanitation Fund Development Board Community Managed Water Sanitation and Hygiene Schemes

Name of Scheme: Karkigaun Type of Scheme: Gravity

Village: Karkigaun

1. About the Village: The Karkigaun Village is situated in Mahendrajyoti VDC, WN 8 and 9, which is 28 Km distance from capital city kathmandu. 2. Population: Present population of the village 391. Household residing in this village 72 3. Previous Water Supply System: The House hold spent 3.63 hours daily to fetch water from local polluted sources. The hill terrain made it extremely laborious and difficult to porter water even for a short distance. The water was scarce and unsafe. 4. Community Demanded: The village people were in contact with local NGO Nepal Red Cross Society Kavre. This NGO was now in partnership with RWSSFDB. The local people placed demand to the NGO to affiliate and work to implement Water Sanitation and Hygiene scheme in partnership with this Board. They had already discussed in their village and all agreed to collect 2.5% fund for Non Local material purse. They were also agreed to start an operation fund account with initial 3% amount deposit and monthly contribution. Unskilled labour contribution part was also agreed by the villagers. 5. Salient Features Development Phase started on 4/5/2004 and completed on 14/1/2005. The Development phase 9 month was NRs 209,252.00. Implementation phase tripartite contract was signed on 4/5/2005 and work completed on 11/2/2006. Under this contract Karkitar community contributed NRs 9101.70 in cash and NRs 224740.30 in kind contribution. The RWSSFDB provided a fund of NRs 635005.00 in the implementation phase 9 month contract. The DDC, VDC

provided all moral support and the Service Agency HEARD was there for third party monitoring evaluation. Secretariat Portfolio Manager and other divisional staffs provided related needed input. 6. Institutional and Organizational Structure of the Schemes: The community comprise of 72 house hold with Brahmin, Chhetri, Dalit and Janajati ethenic groups. Water and Sanitation User Committee comprise 5 female and 4 male members. WSUC/WSUG both were found aware regarding their project related activities and found fulfill of each criteria and requirement made by RWSSFDB. For example WSUC formation, training, WSUG registration, participation on CAP formation processes, O&M fund collection in WSUG bank, Joint A/C opened and cash collection agreed to collect required local materials and to procure non local materials and other different scheme related activities. Seven personnel from NGO which include Team leader, Engineer, Technical Supervisor, Accountant, Community Technician and Mobiliser provided staff input at intermittent and as whole time ground staff. Community maintained staffs are Village maintenance Worker and Village Health promoter. The VMW actively involved in the scheme in regular basis. Salary of VMWs was 700/month. All the training was conducted as prescribed in manual of FB. There is one Women Technical Support Service, income generating group of 58 women members. They have NRs 18700 cash amount which includes NRs 10000 support from Board. 7. Design Feature The simple gravity scheme serves the entire community with 12 numbers of Public tap stands. Any house can fetch water now within ten minute time as designed in this project. The environmental planning helps community to maintain rainy season risk protection and water quality management in the source. 8. Technical Parameter The scheme consists one well fenced intake in Thulo Kholsa , spring fed stream with 0.38 liter per second discharge in dry season. There are two fenced Reservoir Tanks of 4 and 5 cubic meter to store water for continuous supply. Wash outs are installed line to clear the pipe from any turbidity or fine particle intrusion especially in rainy season. Transmission line of 1163 and distribution line of 1612.76 meter Polythine pipeline completes the supply chain. 9. Financial Parameter The scheme is originally designed as continuous supply. The house holds in community pay just monthly NRs….per household to receive year round water. The new house construction and population migrant and increase in per capita lpcd demand changes the pattern of water use and wastage control. 10. Social Parameter The people now get relief from hardship of water portaging each day for 3.63 hour. Sanitation condition in the village is improved in personal, household and environmental sphere. This has helped in hygiene value gain.

11. Operational and Maintenance Structure: Operation and maintenance is well organized in this scheme by the Water and Sanitation user group and committee. The initial fund in operation account was NRs 73181.56 in which they strive to add yearly NRs 27225.66. One Village maintenance worker provides technical support. He gets paid by the community NRs 700 per month. The twelve number of mother and child tap stand group work together for sanitation and operational support. The Village health promoter is involved in sanitation and hygiene matter as goodwill worker. Community staffs, WSUC and users have received various training during program. Interaction in this community reveals that there has been tremendous benefit on income generation work from time save and improvement in health and sanitation status after implementation of this program. Everyone is very happy feeling ownership and having a sustainable arrangement for this scheme. 12. Challenges

• To meet the growing water lpcd demand due to income related use of water • High maintenance of water quality in rainy season

13. Result

• Water for health and life • Empowerment of community • Improvement in life status • Improvements in income using time save and waste water.

14. Few pictures

Rural Water Supply and sanitation Fund Development Board Community Managed Water Sanitation and Hygiene Schemes

Name of Scheme: Dandagaun Type of Scheme: Gravity

Village: Dandagaun

1. About the Village: Dandagaun Water Supply & Sanitation Scheme is located at ward no.6 & 7 of Balthali VDC in Kavre district. This scheme is at 40 Km distance from capital city Katmandu. 2. Population: There are 85 house hold and 465 populations. The community is homogenous background with all Tamang people. 3. Previous Water Supply System: The community was facing hardship for water and related to this health sanitation status was very poor in their village. Previous water Supply: Local dangling pipe supplied water to limited points. No structures were there to organize supply system and maintain water quality. Mostly the water was turbid and polluted. Each Household spent 4.5 hours daily to collect water for personal and household use. The average water consumption was found 5.79 liter per person per day due to inadequacy. 4. Community Demanded: Local NGO Primary Health Care Center (PPUK) was involved in this community with CARITAS program. Women groups were formed here and they placed demand to PPUK for water supply program from RWSSFDB. RWSSFDB accepted this project as it was found feasible in technical, social and economical criteria. The Scheme is completed on March 24, 2010. The Scheme has Insurance with NLG. Company.

View of village trail

5. Salient Features The Development phase 9 month was NRs 209,252.00. Implementation phase work completed on 26 March 2010. Under this contract Dandagaun community contributed NRs 18668.90in cash and NRs 273569.90 in kind contribution. The RWSSFDB provided a fund of NRs 1210217.10 in the implementation phase 10 month contract. The DDC, VDC provided all moral support and the Service Agency ERMC was there for third party monitoring evaluation. All units of RWSSFDB provided support to the Portfolio Manager and Regional Manager to successfully complete this scheme.

Implementation Orientation and Tripartite contract signing

6. Institutional and Organizational Structure of the Schemes: Wellbeing Ranking: Household identified as very poor are 25 with 102 no of populations WUC Members: Total: 11 members which include female: 4 male: 7. No of Mother Child Tap Stand Groups are 11

Sanitation: Development Phase NRs 20400 + Imp. Phase NRs.11600 SRLF Funding was provided. Latrines built by Sanitation Revolving Fund (SRLF) 32 and by Self help 46 toilets build. In 85 HH 78 HH constructed sealed type toilets. The remaining HH do not have land adjacent to house and build toilets away in the farm land. Sanitary Units: in the village there are 31 Garbage pits. Community Cash Contribution Capital Cash NRs.18,668.90 and O&&M Fund Rs.58000.00 Bank A/C: WSUC has saving account in Nepal investment Bank, Banepa. VHP Female Village Health Promoter 1, Ms Muna Lama Mothers were taught to prepare Oral Dehydration solution and Super Flour Village Maintenance Worker Mr. Lal Bahadur Lama, Kaji Man Tamang WTSS No of Women Technical Support Service Groups (WTSS) : 1 Total Member: 52 Group Collection: NRs 10062 Fund Board Grant NRs 10000.00 Non formal education: Two NFE was conducted in Development phase. Total 50 females were enrolled. Most of them can read and write their name. The ladies were less confident to go to hospital by themselves when children were ill, may go to faith healer if they don’t have companion, now they are confident and go to hospital by themselves. Many house have labour employs in foreign. When remittance money was send , they would need some literate companion to go to bank now they can deal this things independently. Contribution to Improve Electricity in the Village: The village had very low volt intermittent electricity supply. The villagers needed one transformer which would cost about NRs 200000.00 and as they could not get it from NEA, the only option was to buy the equipment by them. They rose money from themselves had little support from VDC but money was not sufficient. They had NRs 51000.00 in the WSUG Operation and Maintenance bank account. They decided to use NRs 7000.00 from this fund and were able to improve the electricity line in the village in 2068 Baisakh month. JAGARAN SAMITI: Under piloting of Social Accountability program, seven members Jagaran Committee was active at the time of scheme implementation. They played proactive role to timely collect the 5.5 percent cash contribution from community which helped to timely contract the implementation phase. In fact well being ranking identified 25 HHs very poor and they brought NRs 50000.00 from VDC which helped in this cost matching and improving the O&M balance. In post implementation phase they were active and brought resources from District Agricultural office and VDC and helped the villagers to improve local existing irrigation system. Jivika Program: The scheme was piloting area of also Jivika (Livelyhood) program. The old WTSS 51 members had NRs 30000.00 fund which was utilized in IG activities. Later Jivika group was formed here. The group received Accounting training from FB Jivika Service Agency CEPRED. Bank account was opened in Banijya Bank. The group however affiliated themselves with local Balathali Saving and Credit Sahakari sastha, Cooperative. Forty members received Nrs ten thousand amount as loan for six months and in next term 25 members received NRs Thirty

thousand each. They could go for higher level of IG activity like Buffallow keeping, Goat keeping, Poultry or in large scale tomato and potato farming. The water program was an entry point which ultimately with Jivika program was effective in poverty alleviation or sustainable livelihood development in this society. That’s how the community has perceived the Fund board Program. 7. Trainings: Support Organization Staff trained community on: 1. WSUC training on Leadership (4 days) for12 Male and 4 Female participants 2. WSUC treasurer training (4 days) for 4 Male 1 Female participants 3. WSUC training on EMAP (3 days) for 7 Male 4 Female participants 4. Village health Promoter training (4 days) for 1 Female participant. 5. Post implementation Phase O&M Training (4 days) for12 Male and 4 Female participants 8. Design Feature The simple gravity scheme serves the entire community with 11 numbers of Public tap stands. Any house can fetch water now within ten minute time as designed in this project. The environmental planning helps community to maintain rainy season risk protection and water quality management in the source. 9. Technical Parameter The Scheme has Intake-2, Sedimentation Tank-1, Washout Valve Box-1. Ferro-cement Reservoir Tank (RVT)-2(10m3, 1m3 capacity),Public Tap Stands-11,Transmission Pipe Line- 3611 m and Distribution Pipe Line-1674 m. 10. Financial Parameter The scheme is originally designed as continuous supply. The house holds in community pay just monthly NRs 10 per household to receive year round water. The new house construction and population migrant and increase in per capita lpcd demand changes the pattern of water use and wastage control. 11. Social Parameter The people now get relief from hardship of water portaging each day for 4.5 hour. Sanitation condition in the village is improved in personal, household and environmental sphere. This has helped in hygiene value gain. 12. Operational and Maintenance Structure: Operation and maintenance is well organized in this scheme by the Water and Sanitation user group and committee. There is fund NRs 58000.00 in operation account in which they strive to add some saving. Two Village maintenance workers Mr. Lal Bahadur Lama, Kaji Man Tamang provide technical support. They gets paid by the community every month NR She 11 number of mother and child tap stand group work together for sanitation and operational support. The Village health promoter Ms Muna Lama is involved in sanitation and hygiene matter as goodwill worker. Community staffs, WSUC and users have received various training during program. Interaction in this community reveals that there has been tremendous benefit on income generation work from time save and improvement in health and sanitation status after implementation of this program. Everyone is very happy feeling ownership and having a sustainable arrangement for this scheme.

13. Challenges • To meet the growing water lpcd demand due to income related use of water • High maintenance of water quality in rainy season

14. Result

• 24 hour water supply • Water for health and life • Empowerment of community • Improvement in life status and livelihood • Improvements in income using time save and waste water. • Scheme insurance makes it sustainable • Jagaran program promoted social accountability • Jivika program supported in high scale income generation working.

Location Map

Katmandu

Banepa

30 Km

Balthali

10 Km

Rural Water Supply and sanitation Fund Development Board Community Managed Water Sanitation and Hygiene Schemes

Name of Scheme: Sikharpur Type of Scheme: Gravity

Village: Sikharpur

Zero Minute Water Fetching Time Community

1. About the Village: The SIkharpur Village is situated in Hokse VDC, WN 1 and 2, which is 73, Km distance from capital city Katmandu. 2. Population: There are 134 Household and 782 population of the village. 3. Previous Water Supply System: The House hold spent 4.3 hours daily to fetch water from local polluted source. The water was so much little that in dry season even in mid night some lady will be there collecting water from spoon to bowl and then to local bucket (Gagro). Most of the enmity in the village women was due to this fight to collect water. 4. Community Demanded: The village people were in contact with local NGO ARSOW Nepal with office in Kavre. This NGO was partner of RWSSFDB. The local people placed demand to the NGO. They wanted to affiliate and work with RWSSFDB to implement Water Sanitation and Hygiene scheme. They did not wanted again to share some public stand post but proposed for low cost house hold Yard taps. They were agreed to pay 2.5% fund for Non Local material purse, 3% for Operation and maintenance. This community additionally paid the higher service charge for yard connection. This was one of the first Yard Connection Piloting Scheme of the Central region and also Fund Board or say Nepal.

5. Salient Features Development Phase of 9 month was completed in the village. The Development Phase cost was NRs 315407.20. The tripartite implementation phase contract was signed among the SO ARSOW-NEPAL, Shikharpur water and sanitation User’s Committee (WSUC) and the Board on Feb 27, 2009 and an amendment was carried on 15 June, 2010 due to price rise of Non Local Materials. The scheme physically completed on Nov 28, 2010. The scheme comprises of mixed ethnicity with majority of Chhetri, Tamang, Newar and Dalit inhabitants. Total population served is 782 & design population is 1102. Design period of the scheme is 20 years. Community contributed NRs 649480.35 in cash including higher service charges and NRs 538098.50in kind contribution. The RWSSFDB provided a fund of NRs 2843589.47 in the implementation phase 9 month contract. The DDC, VDC provided all moral support and the Service Agency ERMC was there for third party monitoring evaluation. The Scheme being Yard Connection Piloting Scheme Prime input was drawn from Regional Manager. Secretariat Portfolio Manager and other divisional staffs provided related needed input.

Conference Delegates in interaction with villagers 6. Institutional and Organizational Structure of the Schemes: WSUC information: The Water and Sanitation User’s Committee (WSUC) was formed with 13 members including 4 female members. Selected WSUC Treasurer is Ms. Goma Adhikari. The WSUG is registered legally. The WSUC is holding meetings regularly. Women Technical Support Service (WTSS) : One WTSS Group is formed in this scheme with total 68 women members. WTSS fund of Rs 10000.00 is provided as grant to the group through WSUC. The group is meeting regularly once in a month and collecting Rs. 10 /member/month. Their group saving is Rs 38298. The fund is used in IG activities such as goat keeping, vegetable farming. Non Formal Education (NFE): Two NFE class was conducted in Development Phase. Total 50 female were enrolled. Most of them can read and write their name.

Health and Sanitation Activities: The WSUC /Community have received Nrs.68000 from the board as sanitation revolving loan fund (SRLF) for latrine construction promotion in two installments. The WSUC is mobilizing this fund as loan for the construction of household latrines. All the households in the village have now permanent water sealed latrines. 92 HH constructed Latrines using SRLF fund and rest were constructed by self help. MCTGs imparted Hygiene and Sanitation Education lesson to individual clusters. Village Health promoter (VHP) is Ms.Anjana Adhikari. SO Staff Mobilization: SO ARSOW, overall staff mobilization and involvement in the field during implementation & development phase were found to be satisfactory. EMAP: MCTGs clean tapstand post and uses waste water at their kitchen garden. 7. Design Feature Shikharpur village is a Yard Connection Piloting Scheme. This is an innovative model to provide connection to every house hold in the community. The challenge part of this model was to design and develop essentially low cost scheme and also impart knowledge to the community so that they could be empowered socially, technically and institutionally to manage any such complex system. This is a successful outcome and new intervention in the rural water sector. This lift and gravity services has provided each house, one Yard tap. Community spent their own cash to construct Yard Taps in all 134 houses within the village clusters.

Every one has one stand post women gathered just for rural photo session 8. Technical Parameter The scheme consists one well intake with 0.59 liter per second discharge in dry season. There is one sump well, two 16 & 14 cubic meter Reservoir Tanks, three section valves. This scheme has 134 yard taps fitted with water meter. Transmission line of 1251 and distribution line of 9688 meter part GI and mostly Polythine pipeline completes the supply chain of this scheme. There is one school with 25o number of student, one institutional Latrine with separate urinals for boys and girl is constructed from under this water program.

9. Financial Parameter The scheme is originally designed as continuous supply. There is electricity charge bill which makes the water little costly. The house holds in community pay just monthly minimum 7 unit charge NRs 100 and above as the meter reading increase. All household have their own Yard stand post which provides year round water. This area is well known for vegetable production and supply to Katmandu capital. The water fetching time saves and waste water is helped to improve on their income. 10. Social Parameter The people now get relief from hardship of water portaging each day for 4.3 hour. Sanitation condition in the village is improved in personal, household and environmental sphere. This has helped in hygiene value gain. The community has find relief from unimaginable hardship for water.

My house, my toilet and my stand post

11. Operational and Maintenance Structure: Operation Fund Status: The Community initially had NRs 78000.00 in operation maintenance fund. Now it is increased to NRs 320000.00. They pay monthly to the VMW and Village Health Promoter works as volunteer. They monthly pay for the electricity as this is lift scheme. Due to this increment in fund community have become very optimistic and now they plan to go into ‘Coo-operative’ model. There are 134 yard connections in the community. The WSUC has selected one Village Maintenance Workers (VMW) Mr. Dev Singh Tamang and Lekh Nath Gautam. The WSUG proposed the VMW Rs. 1500.00/month as remuneration. However one VMW is actively servicing

and they remunerate him NRs 5000 / month. They collect regular O and M fund based on meter reading. Minimum (7 units) pay NRs 100.00, and as per one unit increase cost increase by NRs 20 / additional unit. 12. Challenges

• Electricity is curtailed up to 12 hours in dry season this affects pump operation. • High requirement of maintenance due to civil, electrical and mechanical components. • In future the village will grow. Then it may need to purchase Generator and sometimes

operating scheme in this way may cost high if electricity supply is not improved by the Government.

13. Result

• This community materialized first time in Nepal and South Asia low cost house hold connection as Yard Tap Model.

• Being Vegetable supply source production could be increased in 3 more seasons within year utilizing waste water.

• Community has come up in Cooperative Model with large fund in short duration. • Production of Business option and plan for income generation for the entire community. • The conventional terminology of water fetching time is changed first time in history for rural

service as it comes to ZERO with Yard tap attached to house (Every house one connection with water at hands long distance).

Few pictures

Women in Yard Stand post

Women participation in cluster meeting

Kathmand

Banepa

30 Km

43 Km

Sikharpur WSSP Hokse 1, 2

Panchkhal

World Bank Country Director Ms. Tahseen Sayed visited this scheme with her team (in front with ladies), right The NGO

Arsow-N chair myself and WSUC chairperson

Villager’s felicitation for the Yard concept & Design

Rural Water Supply and sanitation Fund Development Board Community Managed Water Sanitation and Hygiene Schemes

Name of Scheme: Gurupema Type of Scheme: Gravity

Village: Gurupema

We Had No Drinkable Water in Rainy Season

1. About the Village: Gurupema Water Supply & Sanitation Scheme is located at ward no.6 of Kanpur Kalapani VDC in Kavrepalanchok district. The Scheme is 62 Km distance from capital city kathmandu. 2. Population: There are 60 house hold and 349 indigenous populations. 3. Previous Water Supply System: System; There was a piped irrigation Dasing Khola. People were compelled to use this water for drinking and cooking purpose. However in rainy season this would get completely polluted and also upstream farmers used entire water. Hence there was no water or highly polluted water. Each Household spent 3.26 hours daily to fetch water for personal and household use. The average water consumption was found 6.33 liter per person per day due to inadequacy. There was therefore diarrhea, decentry and other illness. Medical expenses were high for the villagers. 4. Community Demanded: The community placed repeatedly demand for fund board program to the local NGO Shanti Jana Aardarsha Sewa Kendra (SJAYC). However they have to wait for 4 years. This may be due to NGO had only 3 scheme quota and there were other remote and much hardship facing communities demand on line of prioritization. RWSSFDB accepted this project as it was found feasible in technical, social and economical criteria.

All villagers were willing to collect 2.5% fund for Non Local material purchase. They were also agreed to start an operation fund account with initial 3% amount deposit and monthly contribution. Unskilled labour contribution part was also agreed by the villagers. 5. Salient Features Development Phase started on 2066-4-1 and completed on 2066-11-29 The Development phase 9 month was NRs 368499.88. Implementation phase tripartite contract was signed on 2067-4-14 and work completed on 2068-3-31 Under this contract Gurupema community contributed NRs 20,931.44 in cash and NRs 355,523.68 in kind contribution. The RWSSFDB provided a fund of NRs 1301943.32 in the implementation phase 9 month contract. The DDC, VDC provided well wishing support and the Service Agency ERMC was there for third party monitoring evaluation. Secretariat Portfolio Manager and other divisional staffs provided related needed input. 6. Institutional and Organizational Structure of the Schemes: The community comprise of 60 house hold with Tamang Janajati ethnic group. Water and Sanitation User Committee comprise 3 female and 6 male members. WSUC/WSUG both were found aware regarding their project related activities and found fulfill of each criteria and requirement made by RWSSFDB. For example WSUC formation, training, WSUG registration, participation on CAP formation processes, O&M fund collection in WSUG bank, Joint A/C opened and cash collection agreed to collect required local materials and to procure non local materials and other different scheme related activities. Seven personnel from NGO which include Team leader, Engineer, Technical Supervisor, Accountant, Community Technician and Mobiliser provided staff input at intermittent and as whole time ground staff. Community maintained staffs are Village maintenance Worker and Village Health promoter. The VMW actively involved in the scheme in regular basis. VMWs Mr. Dhan Dhoj Tamang and Singh Bahadur Tamang are paid from community on monthly basis to technically look after the operation. All the training was conducted as prescribed in manual of FB. FIrst VMW looks after six stand post sub scheme and other looks after the next sub scheme. NRs 50 is collected each month from hhs. 64x50=NRs 3200 is monthly collection of which one VMW gets NRs 1000 and other NRs 2200. VHP Pramila Lama is very active employed as volunteer. WTSS & Operation Maintenance Fund: There is one Women Technical Support Service, income generating group of 52 women members. They have monthly group saving and NRs 10000 support from Board to instigate IG activities. The community had 125000.00 amount in operation account in which they would get 7 % interest from the bank. They withdrew 120000.00 from bank and gave WTSS group to utilize this amount in 15% interest. This enhancement in WTSS group fund brought change in the IG program modality. Now for Buffalo keeping, larger scale vegetable farming also the WTSS could provide loan to its members as much as NRs 20000.00. This helped to boost WTSS program and provide IG opportunities to village house holds. WTSS distributes this loan charging the same 15% interest. There is a social Accountability Committee. They use Score card to identify any weakness in program and achieve full Transparency. They also prepare for process audit to check timely program delivery and adopt quality in service.

The scheme has WSUC Members: Total: 9, Female: 3 Male: 6 No of Mother Child Tap Stand Groups 10. Support Organization Staff trained community on: 1. WSUC training on Leadership (3 days) for 7 Male and 15 Female participants 2. WSUC treasurer training (3 days) for 2 Male 3 Female 0 participants 3. WSUC training on EMAP (3 days) for 7 Male 15 Female participants 4. Village health Promoter training (3 days) for 2 Female participant. 5. Teachers & Student HSE training (3 days) for 17 Female, 16 Male participant. VHP Female Village Health Promoter 1, Ms Pramila Tamang. She gets a bag and training. Mothers were taught to prepare Oral Dehydration solution and Super Flour Village Maintenance Non Formal Education: Development phase for No of participant: 23, Facilitator VHP Monthly regular meetings and annual meet is organized to streamline scheme operation. 7. Design Feature The simple gravity scheme serves the entire community with 10 numbers of Public tap and 4 number of private taps. These private stand post construction cost was completely bore by the owners. Any house can fetch water now within ten minute time as designed in this project. The environmental planning helps community to maintain rainy season risk protection and water quality management in the source. 8. Technical Parameter The Scheme has Intake-2, Break Pressure Tank-0. Washout Valve Box – 2. Ferro-cement Reservoir Tank (RVT)-2 (8 & 10 m3 capacity), Suspended Crossing-5, Anchor blocks-25, Public Tap Stands-10 public & 4 private, Transmission Pipe Line- 3366.70 m and Distribution Pipe Line-2021.80 m. Source Dharsing Khola spring Qs-2.45 lps & Dharsing 1 Qs-0.50 lps Spring 9. Financial Parameter The scheme is originally designed as continuous supply. The house holds in community pay just monthly NRs 50 per hous ehold to receive year round water. Waste water proper utilization is an opportunity which the community is aware and tries to keep in practice. Water based income generation opportunities enhanced after scheme implementation. Sanitation Revolving Loan fund provided in Development Phase NRs 15000 and in Imp. Phase NRs.11000. Total latrine demand was 50. All household has build toilet. Display board placed in open place informs all financial and scheme matters. 10. Social Parameter The people are now relieved from hardship of water portaging and save each day 3.26 hour time to use in productive works. Sanitation condition in the village is improved in personal, household and environmental sphere. This has helped in hygiene value gain. 11. Operational and Maintenance Structure: Operation and maintenance is well organized in this scheme by the Water and Sanitation user group and committee. The initial fund in operation account was NRs 45300 which was later increased to NRS 125000.00. NRs 120000 is provided at 15% interest to WTSS group instead receiving 7% interest on this O&M fund from Bank. The ten number of mother and

child tap stand group work together for sanitation and operational support. The Village health promoter is involved in sanitation and hygiene matter as goodwill worker. Village Maintenance Worker Mr. Dhan Dhoj Tamang and Singh Bahadur Tamang are trained, worked in construction and are paid by the community on monthly basis. VMW gets tool box to repair maintain the scheme. Everyone is very happy feeling ownership and having a sustainable arrangement for this scheme. 12. Challenges

• To meet the growing water lpcd demand due to income related use of water • High maintenance of water quality in rainy season • Strict control and monitoring to see if water is wasted • WSUC members monitor to continue sanitary activities at hh, cluster and stand post

13. Result • 24 hour water supply • Access to Water for health and life • Empowerment of community • Improvement in life status • Improvements in income opportunities using time save and waste water. • 24 hour Water Supply • Keep your house clean, others have no choice but to follow motto is there in the

community • Villagers under impression that Fund Board Program transformed their life.

14. Few pictures

Katmandu

Banepa

32 Km

Gurupema WSSP30 Km

Rural Water Supply and sanitation Fund Development Board Community Managed Water Sanitation and Hygiene Schemes

Name of Scheme: Manedanda Type of Scheme: Gravity

Village: Manedanda Plan to Use Interest Amount of Community Developed Trust Fund for Water Scheme Sustainability

1. About the Village: Manedanda Water Supply & Sanitation Scheme is located at ward no.4 & 5 of Katunjebesi VDC in Kavre district. This scheme is at 65 Km distance from capital city kathmandu. 2. Population: There are 102 house hold and 929 populations. The community is homogenous background with all Tamang 72 HH, Brahmin 18 Hhand Dalit 12 HH people. 3. Previous Water Supply System: The village had a worn out nineteen years old pipe system which had that time 10 water collecting stand posts and other 10 stand posts served next village. The system was worn out and then the source drastically dried. This was partly by nature and partly piping of water by new houses clustered near by the source. They were in badly need of improved new water supply system 4. Community Demanded: The community constructed school with help from District Education office and self contribution. The CM of NGO SJAYC also helped NRs 25000.00 cash to furnish and décor the new building office. At inaugural function the community placed heavy request for water scheme to SJAYC from fund board. The school would also need institutional latrine and reliable water supply, hence scheme came in process. 5. Salient Features The Development phase 9 month contracted on 13/7/2011 with amount NRs 316822.00. Implementation phase contracted on 13/6/2012 work is ongoing in this scheme. NRs

35,068.77 in cash and NRs 983,595.02 in kind contribution received from the community. The RWSSFDB provided a fund of NRs 1763766.65 in the implementation phase 10 month contract. The DDC, VDC provided all moral support and the Service Agency ERMC was there for third party monitoring evaluation. All units of RWSSFDB provided support to the Portfolio Manager and Regional Manager to successfully complete this scheme.

Worshiping Source before Intake Construction

6. Institutional and Organizational Structure of the Schemes: Non formal education is from DEO Sanitation: Households have slogan written [Fohor Malai- Garbage here] garbage dumping pits, 35 % of households are having drying platforms to disinfect utensils. People are into habit of daily cleaning their house and monthly twice cleaning the trails and surroundings. Sanitation: Toilet building: RAMRO NGO was involved there in toilet building but many people partly living for occupation in Kathmandu could not benefit from this program. This NGO would support to build Biogas toilets if the villagers were able to bring all required local material and contribute some unskilled labor. 47 biogas toilets were constructed. However people opting for only toilet construction and absent hhs could take benefit of present Fund Board program. At present only 5 hhs remain to construct toilet after this the WSUG has prepared to declare the village a No Open Defecation Zone. Maya Lama works as Village Health Promotor in this village. Suku Maya Lama and Gana Bahadur BK are involved in on site construction activities as future Village Maintenance Worker. Women Technical Support Service has 55 members and they have group saving of NRs 25000 including ten thousand grant from Fund Board. Procurement Committee: This committee surveyed the entire local and Kathmandu market for quality material purchase. They successfully bargained and would receive in total about NRs twenty thousand discount on non local material purchase. This would be documented in minute and reflected in social audit.

7. Design Feature The scheme is designed for 20 years period. Design Feature: present source comes out from rock and in future no risk of tempering of this source. Single line distributes water through 19 stand post that would make it intact system. 8. Technical Parameter The Scheme has Intake-1, Break Pressure Tank-4, Suspended Crossing-2, Anchor block 12. Ferro-cement Reservoir Tank (RVT)-1( 20m3, 1m3 capacity),Public Tap Stands-11,Transmission Pipe Line- 3936.4 m and Distribution Pipe Line-4813.9 m. 9. Financial Parameter The scheme is originally designed as continuous supply. The house holds in community plan to make sufficient O&M amount which interest will be enough to pay the community staff. 10. Social Parameter The people are heavily involved in construction activities to complete the scheme. Intake and transmission line works are complete. One school with 80 students is benefited with this program. 11. Operational and Maintenance Structure: They are trying to develop a trust model for operation and maintenance. They were able to bring NRs 155000.00 from VDC they want to raise and add sufficient amount in this to make a good operation fund. They think even if they will make this sum NRs 200000.00, the interest of this amount will be sufficient to pay to the VMW/VHP. This is very innovative thinking which comes from Manedanda Community to mechanize in automatic way a permanent sustainability arrangement for their water scheme. 12. Challenges

• There was some dispute while constructing intake in the source which was solved • Rainy season affected pace of construction

13. Result

• Planned to utilize waste water in kitchen gardening • One room in school being used as WSUC office [Teachers are on WSUC] • Pay VMW/VHP from interest amount of Operation fund • Declare the village NODZ after completion of toilet construction in 5 houses.

Few pictures

Kahmand

Banepa

32 Km

30 Km Gurupema WSSP

Manedanda WSSP

3 Km

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Preparation for welcoming Minister Top Bahadur Rayamajhi

Stand post ready for inauguration from Minister

Team Fund Board with minister Peace and Rehabilitation Mr Top Bahadur Raymajhi

Community Managed Lift Scheme (Electric Pumping)

Community at the inauguration day program

Community at the ceremony dancing

Transformer for 3 Phase Electricity