Building Ecommerce App

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    Building E-Commerce Applications

    And Infrastructure

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    1. D iscuss the major steps in developing an EC system .2. D escribe the major EC development strategies and list

    their major advantages and disadvantages .

    3. L ist the various EC application development methodsalong with their benefits and limitations .

    4. D iscuss various EC application outsourcing options,including application service providers (ASPs),

    software as a service (SaaS), and utility computing.

    5. D iscuss the major EC software packages and ECapplication suites .

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    6 . D iscuss the value and technical foundation of WebServices and Web 2.0.

    7. U nderstand service-oriented architecture (SOA) andvirtualization and their relationship to EC applicationdevelopment .

    8. D escribe the criteria used in selecting software vendorsand packages .

    9. D escribe various methods for connecting an ECapplication to back-end systems and databases .

    10. U nderstand the value and uses of EC application log files .11. D iscuss the importance of usage analysis and site

    management .

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    Website developmentThe business type

    The product lineThe business s organizationand the budget dictate what functionality the

    Webstore should have and how the Web siteshould be developed

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    STEP 1: IDENTIFYING, JUSTIFYING, ANDPLANNING EC SYSTEMSSTEP 2: CREATING AN EC ARCHITECTURE

    EC architectureA plan for organizing the underlying infrastructure andapplications of a site

    s calabilityH ow big a system can grow in various dimensions toprovide more service; measured by total number of users, number of simultaneous users, or transactionvolume

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    STEP 3: SELECTING A DEVELOPMENT OPTION Build the system in-house H ave a vendor build a customized system Buy an existing application and install it Lease standard software from an application service

    provider (ASP), lease as a service (SaaS), or lease viautility computing

    Enter into a partnership or alliance Join a third-party e-marketplace or an exchange U se a combination of approaches

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    STEP 4: INSTALLING, TESTING, INTEGRATING, AND DEPLOYINGEC APPLICATIONS

    unit te s tingTesting application software modules one at a time

    integration te s tingTesting the combination of application modules acting in concert

    u s ability te s tingTesting the quality of the user s experience when interacting witha Web site

    acceptance testingD etermining whether a Web site meets the original business

    objectives and visionSTEP 5: OPERATIONS, MAINTENANCE, AND UPDATES

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    MANAGING THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS The development process can be fairly complex and

    must be managed properly For medium-to-large applications, a project team is

    usually created to manage the process and thevendors

    Collaboration with business partners also is criticalThree basic options for developing an EC Web

    site:1. D evelop the site in-house/outsource2. Buy a packaged application3. L ease the application

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    Traditional project managementmethodologies still appliedLight weight and require iterative planning

    People vs . process

    Inspect and adapt approachReduced time to marketProject manager as a leaderTypes of Agile Methods

    Scrum Extreme Programming (XP)

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    IN-HOUSE DEVELOPMENT: INSOURCING ins ourcing

    In-house development of applications

    reu s abilityThe likelihood a segment of source code can be usedagain to add new functionalities with slight or nomodification

    interoperability

    Connecting people, data, and diverse systems; theterm can be defined in a technical way or in a broadway, taking into account social, political, andorganizational factors

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    Insourcing OptionsBuild from scratchBuild from components

    enterpri s e application integration (EAI)Class of software that integrates large systems

    BUY THE APPLICATIONS (OFF-THE-SHELFAPPROACH)

    turnkey approachReady to use without further assembly or testing;supplied in a state that is ready to turn on and operate

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    OUTSOURCING/LEASING EC APPLICATIONS out s ourcing

    A method of transferring the management and/orday-to-day execution of an entire businessfunction to a third-party service provider

    Outsourcing Options

    Software housesOutsourcers and others

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    SOFTWARE ON DEMANDutility (on-demand) computing

    U nlimited computing power and storagecapacity that can be used and reallocated forany application and billed on a pay-per-usebasis e . g cloud computing

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    application s ervice provider (ASP)A company that provides business applications to users fora small monthly fee e . g hosting companies leasing softwares oftware a s a s ervice (SaaS)A model of software delivery where the software companyprovides maintenance, daily technical operation, andsupport for the software provided to their client . E. gsalesforce, Goto meeting, etcPlatform a s a s ervice (PaaS)Evolutionary ASP model where developers canbuild/integrate custom solutions on managed applications . E. g Magento Go, Adobe Catalyst

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    INTEGRATING WITH WEB SERVICES ANDSERVICE-ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE

    Technologies have made integration a difficult taskfor a number of reasons:

    1. Platform-specific objects2. D ynamic environment3.

    Security barriers A universal standard has emerged to assist the

    process of integration

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    Web Service s

    Self-contained, self-describing business andconsumer modular applications, delivered overthe Internet that users can select and combinethrough almost any device, ranging from personalcomputers to mobile phones

    Web 2.0Web Services that emphasize online collaborationand information sharing among users

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    ma s hupCombination of two or more Web sites into a

    single Web site that provides the content of both sites (whole or partial) to deliver a novelproduct to consumers e . g use of google mapto show store locations

    widgetA Web page feature or a small Web toolbox oftendesigned on top of Web applications

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    If a company decides to buy or lease an ECapplication, the following representativeselection criteria need to be considered:

    Flexibi lity - Commercial packages need to be modified or adapted to thespecific requirements of an application .

    Information requirements U ser friendliness H ardware and software resources Installation - The installation effort required to implement the package is

    another important consideration . Maintenance services

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    Vendor quality and track record Estimating costs Personnel Technological evolution upgrade of EC applications Scaling Consider the total number of users, the number of simultaneous

    users, and the transaction volume Sizing Size and performance of an a application Performance - Performance is measured by two main metrics: latency and

    throughput . Latency: The time required to complete an operation, such as downloading a Web

    page Throughput: The number of operations completed in a given period of time;

    indicates the number of users that a system can handle Reliability System failures and downtime are costly Security Technological, physical and procedural security measures

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    AjaxA Web development technique for creatinginteractive Web applications e .g update content

    without page refreshReally Simple Syndication (RSS)A family of Web-feed formats used to publishfrequently updated digital content

    AtomRSS Internet standard created by the InternetEngineering Task Force (IETF) and formally known asthe Atom Syndication Format

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    FILE-SHARING TOOLS Mobile Phones and Social Networks e .g zapr .net,

    yousendit .com

    SUPPORTING WEB 2.0 IN THE ENTERPRISE Support for Enterprise Wikis and Blogs Software to Support V iral Marketing

    viral videoV ideo clip that gains widespread popularity through theprocess of Internet sharing, typically through e-mail orIM messages, blogs, and other media-sharing Web sites

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    FUNCTIONAL SOFTWARE PACKAGES electronic catalog

    The virtual-world equivalent of a traditional productcatalog; contains product descriptions and photos,along with information about various promotions,discounts, payment methods, and methods of delivery

    merchant s erver s oftwareSoftware for selling over the Internet that enablescompanies to establish selling sites relatively easilyand inexpensively

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    WHERE IS WEB 2.0 SOFTWARE GOING?INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES

    virtualizationA technique for hiding the physical characteristics of computing resources from the way in which othersystems, applications, or end users interact with thoseresources

    cloud computingInternet (cloud) based development coupled with theuse of computer technology (computing)

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    STEP 1: IDENTIFY POTENTIAL VENDORSSTEP 2: DETERMINE THE EVALUATION

    CRITERIA reque s t for propo s al (RFP)

    Notice sent to potential vendors inviting them tosubmit a proposal describing their software

    package and how it would meet the company sneeds

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    STEP 3: EVALUATE VENDORS AND PACKAGESSTEP 4: CHOOSE THE VENDOR AND PACKAGE

    STEP 5: NEGOTIATE A CONTRACTSTEP 6: ESTABLISH A SERVICE-LEVELAGREEMENT

    service-level agreement (SLA)

    A formal agreement regarding the division of workbetween a company and a vendor

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    CONNECTING TO DATABASES multi-tiered application architecture EC architecture consisting of four tiers: Web browsers,

    Web servers, application servers, and database servers

    CONNECTING TOBACK-END SYSTEMSCONNECTING TOBUSINESS PARTNERS

    middlewareSeparate products that serve as the glue between twoapplications; sometimes called plumbing because itconnects two sides of an application and passes databetween them

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    LOG FILES acce ss log: A record kept by a Web server that shows

    when a user accesses the server; kept in a common log fileformat, each line of this text file details an individual

    access Pageview s by time s lot: Pageview statistics allow frequent

    review of the number of site accesses Pageview s by cu s tomer s log-in s tatu s : This information

    helps determine whether requiring customers to log in isworthwhile .

    Pageview s by referrer s . Track customers by referral links . . Pageview s by vi s itor s hardware platform, operating

    s ys tem, brow s er, and/or brow s er ver s ion.

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    H AML H TML Abstraction Markup languageSASS Syntactically Awesome StylesheetsH TML5

    AJAX - Asynchronous JavaScript and XM L

    Jquery Most popular javascript library e . g JQTouch formobile app developmentNode . js server side javascriptREST API (Representational State Transfer) - an increasinglypopular, powerful, and simple method of leveraging H TTP as aWeb Service .

    Micorsoft Silverlight web application framework formultimedia

    Browsers: IE 9 , Chrome, FireFox