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Why do atoms form bonds?

To achieve a stable

electron arrangement

Are electrons transferred or shared in a covalent

bond?

Electrons are shared

What holds the atoms together in a covalent bond?

The two positive nucleus attract the shared pair of electrons.

--

shared pair of electrons

+ +

Which type of atoms form covalent bonds .

Non-metal

Is a covalent bond a strong or weak force of attraction?

Strong

Which type of bond is formed when the attraction of the non-metal atoms for the bonded electrons is different?

Non-polar covalent

Are the covalent bonds in water highly polar or non polar?

Highly polar-

hydrogen and oxygen have different attractions for the

bonded electrons.

H H

O

When is an ionic bond formed ?

When a metal combines with a

non-metal

Do metals lose or gain electrons?

Metals lose electrons

Group 1 - lose 1 electron

Group 2 - lose 2 electrons

Group 3 - lose 3 electrons.

What is formed when a metal loses electrons?

Positive ion X+

Group 1 form X+

Group 2 form X2+

Group 3 form X3+

Do non-metal atoms lose or gain electrons?

Gain electrons

Group 5 gain 3

Group 6 gain 2

Group 7 gain 1

What is formed when a non-metal atom gains electrons?

Negative ion Y-

Group 5 form Y3-

Group 6 form Y2-

Group 7 form Y-

What is formed when there is a force of attraction between oppositely

charged ion?

An ionic bond

Which type of attraction exists in metals?

Metallic bonding

What is metallic bonding?

A force of attraction between positively charged

ions and delocalised electrons in a metal.

Which of the following are covalent compounds?

Sodium chloride, potassium fluoride, nitrogen dioxide, iron oxide,

sulphur dioxide

Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide

(compounds made up of non-metal atoms)

What is a molecule?

A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.

What is meant by diatomic?

Two atoms joined together

Name the diatomic elements?

hydrogen H2, nitrogen N2, oxygen O2, fluorine F2, chlorine Cl2, bromine Br2,

iodine I2

Is carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide a diatomic

compound?

Carbon monoxide CO (2 atoms)

- carbon dioxide CO2 is a molecule made up of 3 atoms.

Draw a diagram to show the shape of a tetrahedral molecule?

What name is given to the shape of this molecule?

Tetrahedral shape

Are the bonds between covalent molecules stronger or weaker than

the covalent bonds within molecules?

Weaker

HH

O

H

HO

weak

strong

Which type of substances exist as a lattice structure?

Covalent network - a giant lattice of covalently bonded atoms.

Ionic - a giant lattice of oppositely charged ions.

Metals - a giant lattice of positively charged ions and delocalised electrons

What does the formula for a covalent network substance and an ionic

compound give?

The simplest ratio of atoms of each element - covalent network

The simplest ratio of positive to negative ions - ionic compound

What does the formula for a discrete covalent substance give?

The actual number of atoms in each molecule

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