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Buddhism and Jainism
Buddhism
Buddhism
Buddhism
• Birth – 563 BC. , Lumbini (Kapilavastu)
• Death – 483 BC. Kushinagar
• Childhood Name – Siddhartha
• Father – Suddhodana
• Mother – Mahamaya
• Foster Mother – Pajapati Gotami
• Wife – Yashodhara
• Son – Rahul
Buddhism
• Old age
• Disease
• Death
• Sage
Four Sights
Buddhism
Leaving of Home and Sambodhi
• He performed Mahabhinishkramana and left
his home at the age of 29 for searching about
the truth.
• First Teacher – Alara Kalama
• Second Teacher – Rudraka Ramputta
• He was meditating under a Vata Vriksha - वट
वृक्ष (Peepal Tree) on the bank of river
Niranjana.
• Sambodhi- He took Bodhatwa on 49th day
from starting meditation in Gaya.
Buddhism
Buddhism
Buddhism
First Sermon• He performed first Sermon (Dhammacakkappavattana) in Sarnath near
Varanasi.
• He gave maximum sermon at Shravasti
• In Sarnath he established Sangha and the first Leady Pupil was Pajapati
Gotami.
Buddhism
4 Nobel Truths• Sorrow
• Cause of Sorrow
• Prevention of Sorrow
• The Path of Prevention of Sorrow
The Eight Fold Path
Buddhism
Buddha Sects
• First time Buddhism divided in to two sects in 383 BC.
1. Sthavira- The Traditionalist
2. Mahasanghika- The Changers
• In 1st Century AD Buddhism divided again in
1. Hinayana
2. Mahayana
Buddhism
Hinayana
• This sect believes in original teaching of Buddha.
• Don’t believe in Idol Worship.
Mahayana
• This sect believes in heavenliness of Buddha
• Believes in Idol Worship.
Buddhism
Buddhist LiteratureThe Tri-Pitaka
• Language- Pali
1. Vinaya Pitaka
• Subject- Monastic rules for Monks.
• Written by- Upali
• Book of Discipline.
2. Sutta Pitaka
• Subject- Collection of sermons of Buddha
• Written by- Anand
• The Basket of Suttas.
Buddhism
3. Abhidhamma Pitaka
• Subject- Philosophy appearing in Suttas.
• Written by- Moggaliputta Tisya
• Doctrine of Buddhism.
Jataka Literature
• Jataka contain stories of previous birth of historical Buddha.
• These are in form of poems
• There are 547 Jataka .
Buddhism
Four Buddhist Councils
First Council
• Time period- 483 BC
• Place- Rajgriha (Bihar)
• King(Dynasty)- Ajatashatru (Haryanka)
• Chairman- Mahakayapa
• Out come- Vinay Pitaka and Sutta Pitaka were written.
Buddhism
Second Council
• Time period- 383 BC
• Place- Vaishali (Bihar)
• King(Dynasty)- Kalashoka (Shishunaga)
• Chairman- Sabbakamini
• Out come- First time Buddhism divided in two sects
i.e. Sithavira and Mahasanghika.
Buddhism
Third Council
• Time period- 250/251 BC
• Place- Pataliputra (Bihar)
• King(Dynasty)- Ashoka (Maurya)
• Chairman- Moggaliputta Tisya
• Out come- Abhidhamma Pitaka was written.
Buddhism
Fourth Council• Time period- First Cen. AD
• Place- Pataliputra (Kashmir)
• King(Dynasty)- Kanishka (Kushan)
• Chairman- Vasumitra
• Out come- Buddhism finally divided in tow sects i.e. Hinyana and Mahayana.
Buddhism
Five Great Symbols1. Birth- Lotus, Elephant and Bull
2. Great Departure- Horse
3. Enlightenment- Bodhi Tree
4. First Sermon- Wheel
5. Death- Stupa, and Foot Print
Buddhism
Jainism
Jainism
Jainism• There are 24 Tirthankara in Jainism.
• 1st Tirthankara was Rishabdev.
• 2nd Tirthankara was Ajit Nath.
• 3rd Tirthankara was Sambhava Nath.
Jainism
Parshva Nath
• He was 23rd Tirthankara.
• His father Ashvasena was the rulerof Kashi.
• Mother was Vama Devi.
Doctrines
• Satya (Do not speak a lie)
• Ahinsa (Do not commit violence)
• Asteya (Do not setal)
• Aparigraha (Do not acquires property)
Jainism
Jainism
Mahavira Swami• Childhood name- Vardhaman
• Birth- 540 BC.
• Father- Siddharth (King of Gyantrika Republic)
• Mother- Trishala (Lichchhavi Princess)
• Wife- Yashoda
• Daughter- Anojya or Priyadarshana
• Son in Law- Jamali
Jainism
• He renounced his family at the age of 30.
• Spent 12 years meditating and attained the Gyan/Kaivalya.
• He accepted 4 doctrines given by Parsva Nath and added 5th in it as
Brahmacharya.
Jainism
Tri- Ratna or Three Jewels
• Right Faith- Samyaka Darshan
• Right Knowledge- Samyaka Gyan
• Right Action- Samyaka Acharan
• Syadawada or Anekantavad was introduced by Mahavira.
• At the age of 72 years he attained nirvana at Pawapuri in year 468 BC.
Jainism
Jain Sects• There were two sects of Jainism.
Digambara
• Those who keep themselves naked.
• Leader- Bhadrabahu
Shvetambra
• Those who put on white dress.
• Leader- Sthulabahu
• Jain literature are known as Aagam
• Language- Prakrit.
Jainism
Jainism
Jain councils
First council
Year- 322BC
Place - Patliputra
Chairman - Sthulabahu
Outcome - started to compile 12 Angas.
Jainism
Second Council
Year- 512 AD
Place – Vallabhi (Gujarat)
Chairman - Devridhimani
Outcome- Jain literature finally compiled.
Jainism