A

Technical Seminar

Report On

BUBBLE POWER

BY: Maleeha Tabassum.

12U81D5706

INTRODUCTIONSonofusion Research team from various

organizations have joined forces to create acoustic fusion technology energy consortium (AFTEC) to promote the development of sonofusion.

It was derived from a related phenomenon, sonoluminescence.

Sonofusion involves tiny bubbles imploded by sound waves can make hydrogen nuclei fuse-and may one day become a revolutionary new energy source.

SONOLUMINESCENCEWhen a gas bubble in liquid is excited by

ultrasonic acoustic waves, it can emit short flashes of light suggestive of extreme temperatures inside the bubble.

These flashes of light, known as ‘sonoluminescence’, occur as the bubble implodes, or cavitates.

Chemical reactions occurs .

THE IDEA OF SONOFUSION

Technically known as acoustic inertial confinement fusion. In this piezoelectric crystal attached to a liquid-filled flask

send pressure waves through the fluid, exciting the motion of tiny gas bubbles.

High temperatures and pressure speculated at the bubble core .

This leading to conditions suitable for thermonuclear fusion.

EXPERIMENTAL SET UP

BASIC REQUIREMENTSPyrex flaskVacuum pumpPiezoelectric crystalWave generatorAmplifierNeutron generatorNeutron and gamma ray detectorPhotomultiplierMicrophone & speaker

HOW SONOFUSION WORKS

Action of vacuum pump.

Fill the flask with deuterated acetone.

For initiation an oscillating voltage of 20kHz applied to the ring.

Fire a pulsed neutron generator.

ACTION IN THE FLASK

Stage (1)

Neutrons flying through the flask create a bubble cluster in the deuterated acetone liquid.

Stage (2)

The negative pressure in the liquid makes the bubbles swell 100000 times in size (from nano to millimeter-scale).

Stage (3)

The liquid pressure turns positive and compresses the bubble, causing them to implode with great violence.

Stage(4)

The implosion creates an instantaneous pressure of 10 trillion kilopascals and temperature of more than 100 million degree C, making the deuterium fuse.

FUSION REACTION

Deuterium-Deuterium fusion has two probable outputs, helium and a 2.45-MeV neutron or tritium and a proton.

The energy of 2.45MeV neutron can be harnessed in a reactor to create water vapor &drive an electricity generator.

EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT TABLETOP NUCLEAR FUSION DEVICE

We gather two kinds of evidence that the deuterium is fusing.

The first is by measuring levels of another hydrogen isotope tritium

The second is neutron emissions detected by the neutron detector.

SEQUENCE OF EVENTS

OTHER APPROACHESMainly two types:

Laser beam technique.

Magnetic confinement fusion

ADVANTAGESIt is self sustaining.Easily control.Produce more energy than it consumes.Low cost.Easily available raw materials.Environmental friendly.

APPLICATIONS

The technology might one day, in theory, lead to a new source of energy. It may result in a new class of low cost energy.

Compact detectors for security applications.

To analyze molecular structure of materials.

Machines that cheaply manufacture new synthetic materials & efficiently produce tritium, which is used for medical imaging to watch dials.

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS

Fully self-sustained.

neutrons

CONCLUSIONFor more than half a century,

thermonuclear fusion has held out the promise of cheap, clean and virtually limitless energy.

THANK YOU