Bts3900 gsm site preparation guidelines (v300 r008-03)

BTS3900 GSM

V300R008

Site Preparation Guidelines

Issue 03

Date 2008-07-15

Part Number

Huawei Proprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support and service. For anyassistance, please contact our local office or company headquarters.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.Address: Huawei Industrial Base

Bantian, LonggangShenzhen 518129People's Republic of China

Website: http://www.huawei.com

Email: [email protected]

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2008. All rights reserved.No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior writtenconsent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Trademarks and Permissions

and other Huawei trademarks are the property of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders. NoticeThe information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in thepreparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but the statements, information, andrecommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.

Huawei Proprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

http://www.huawei.com

mailto:[email protected]

Contents

About This Document.....................................................................................................................1

1 Safety Information.....................................................................................................................1-11.1 Safety Precautions...........................................................................................................................................1-11.2 Electricity Safety.............................................................................................................................................1-31.3 Inflammable Environment...............................................................................................................................1-51.4 Battery.............................................................................................................................................................1-51.5 Radiation.........................................................................................................................................................1-71.6 Working at Heights.........................................................................................................................................1-91.7 Mechanical Safety.........................................................................................................................................1-111.8 Others............................................................................................................................................................1-12

2 Requirements for the Equipment Room................................................................................2-12.1 Site Selection Requirements for the BTS3900................................................................................................2-22.2 Space and Location Requirements of the BTS3900........................................................................................2-22.3 Construction Requirements for the Equipment Room....................................................................................2-42.4 Environment Requirements for Operating the BTS3900................................................................................2-6

3 Power Supply Requirements for the BTS3900.....................................................................3-1

4 Requirements for Lightning Protection and Grounding System of the BTS3900.........4-1

5 Transmission Requirements for the BTS Site......................................................................5-1

6 Arranging for Auxiliary Facilities for the BTS3900 Site.....................................................6-16.1 Installing Cable Racks.....................................................................................................................................6-2

6.1.1 Introduction to Cable Racks...................................................................................................................6-26.1.2 Procedure for Installing the Cable Rack.................................................................................................6-46.1.3 Installing the Indoor Cable Rack............................................................................................................6-56.1.4 Installing the Outdoor Cable Rack.......................................................................................................6-116.1.5 Connecting Cable Ladders...................................................................................................................6-146.1.6 Installing the Cable Trough..................................................................................................................6-206.1.7 Installing Accessories...........................................................................................................................6-24

6.2 Installing the Grounding Bar of the BTS......................................................................................................6-26

7 Arranging for Auxiliary Facilities of the BTS3900 Antenna System...............................7-17.1 Requirements for the Tower............................................................................................................................7-2

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines Contents

Issue 03 (2008-07-15) Huawei Proprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

i

7.2 Installing the Antenna Support on the Tower.................................................................................................7-47.3 Installing the Antenna Support on the Rooftop...............................................................................................7-67.4 Installing the Feeder Window.......................................................................................................................7-11

8 Requirements for Cables of the BTS......................................................................................8-18.1 Requirements for Cable Materials and Auxiliary Devices of the BTS...........................................................8-28.2 Cabling Specifications.....................................................................................................................................8-2

9 Checklist for BTS3900 Site Preparations...............................................................................9-1

ContentsBTS3900 GSM


ii Huawei Proprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figures

Figure 1-1 Wearing an ESD wrist strap...............................................................................................................1-5Figure 1-2 Lifting a weight................................................................................................................................1-10Figure 1-3 Slant angle........................................................................................................................................1-11Figure 1-4 One meter higher than the eave........................................................................................................1-11Figure 2-1 Space requirements of the BTS3900 cabinet (unit: mm)....................................................................2-3Figure 2-2 Installation directions of the cabinets.................................................................................................2-3Figure 2-3 Location requirements of the BTS3900 cabinet (unit: mm)...............................................................2-4Figure 4-1 Grounding grids..................................................................................................................................4-3Figure 6-1 Cable ladder........................................................................................................................................6-3Figure 6-2 U-shape connecting piece...................................................................................................................6-3Figure 6-3 Bracket angle......................................................................................................................................6-3Figure 6-4 Cable manager....................................................................................................................................6-3Figure 6-5 Triangular support..............................................................................................................................6-3Figure 6-6 Connecting clip...................................................................................................................................6-3Figure 6-7 Fixing clip...........................................................................................................................................6-4Figure 6-8 Cable trough.......................................................................................................................................6-4Figure 6-9 Movable bushing................................................................................................................................6-4Figure 6-10 End cover..........................................................................................................................................6-4Figure 6-11 Rectangular frame.............................................................................................................................6-4Figure 6-12 U-steel...............................................................................................................................................6-4Figure 6-13 Over-cabinet support........................................................................................................................6-4Figure 6-14 Cable rack installed on the ceiling....................................................................................................6-7Figure 6-15 Cable rack installed on the ceiling with an obstacle.........................................................................6-8Figure 6-16 Fixing the triangular support............................................................................................................6-9Figure 6-17 Fixing the cable ladder.....................................................................................................................6-9Figure 6-18 Fixing the over-cabinet supports....................................................................................................6-10Figure 6-19 Fixing the cable ladder...................................................................................................................6-11Figure 6-20 Rectangular frame...........................................................................................................................6-11Figure 6-21 Installing the outdoor cable rack on the floor.................................................................................6-13Figure 6-22 Installing the outdoor cable rack on the wall..................................................................................6-14Figure 6-23 Docking cable ladders....................................................................................................................6-15Figure 6-24 Ladders turned on the same level (no cable trough).......................................................................6-16Figure 6-25 Turning the cable ladder at different levels....................................................................................6-17

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines Figures


iii

Figure 6-26 Connecting the cable ladder to the wall..........................................................................................6-18Figure 6-27 Front connection of cable ladders...................................................................................................6-19Figure 6-28 Side connection of cable ladders....................................................................................................6-19Figure 6-29 Oblique connection of cable ladders...............................................................................................6-20Figure 6-30 Connecting cable troughs...............................................................................................................6-21Figure 6-31 Installing a cable trough on the 200-mm or 400-mm wide cable ladder........................................6-21Figure 6-32 Installing cable troughs onto the 600mm wide cable ladder..........................................................6-22Figure 6-33 Cutting off the upper side of the triangle aperture .........................................................................6-23Figure 6-34 Installing a sloping cable trough.....................................................................................................6-23Figure 6-35 Installed sloping cable trough ........................................................................................................6-24Figure 6-36 Cable manager on the cable rack that is not installed with a cable trough.....................................6-25Figure 6-37 Cable manager on the cable rack that is installed with a cable trough...........................................6-25Figure 6-38 Installing the end cover, the bushing, and the baffle ring...............................................................6-26Figure 6-39 Structure of the grounding bar........................................................................................................6-27Figure 6-40 Installation of the grounding bar....................................................................................................6-27Figure 6-41 Sectional view of the grounding bar...............................................................................................6-28Figure 7-1 Telecommunication tower..................................................................................................................7-2Figure 7-2 Installing the antenna support on the tower........................................................................................7-5Figure 7-3 Structure of the antenna support (unit: mm).......................................................................................7-6Figure 7-4 Antenna support base vertically fixed to the rooftop..........................................................................7-7Figure 7-5 Structure of the antenna support directly installed on the rooftop......................................................7-8Figure 7-6 Installing the fixing clip of the antenna support onto the wall...........................................................7-9Figure 7-7 Antenna support fixed to the wall (higher than 1200 mm).................................................................7-9Figure 7-8 Antenna support fixed to the wall (lower than 1200 mm)................................................................7-10Figure 7-9 Dimensions of the 12-hole feeder window (unit: mm) ....................................................................7-11Figure 7-10 Structure of 12-hole feeder window...............................................................................................7-12Figure 7-11 Holes for securing the feeder window (unit: mm) .........................................................................7-13Figure 7-12 Installing the feeder window..........................................................................................................7-14

FiguresBTS3900 GSM


iv Huawei Proprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Tables

Table 2-1 Requirements for the dust concentration in the equipment room........................................................2-5Table 2-2 Climatic requirements..........................................................................................................................2-6Table 2-3 Requirements for the density of chemically active substances............................................................2-7Table 2-4 Mechanical stress requirements...........................................................................................................2-7Table 3-1 AC voltage and allowable range..........................................................................................................3-3Table 6-1 Items required for mounting a cable rack.............................................................................................6-3Table 7-1 Requirements for the tower..................................................................................................................7-3Table 9-1 Checklist for the site.............................................................................................................................9-1Table 9-2 Checklist for the power supply............................................................................................................9-2Table 9-3 Checklist for the grounding system......................................................................................................9-2Table 9-4 Checklist for the antenna system..........................................................................................................9-3Table 9-5 Checklist for the transmission access...................................................................................................9-3

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines Tables


v

About This Document

PurposeBefore installing the BTS3900 GSM hardware, you need to carry out a site survey to select anappropriate site to ensure proper operation of the BTS3900 GSM.

This document serves as the reference for carrying out a survey to select a BTS3900 GSM site.It describes the requirements for site selection, power supply, grounding system, and antennasystem. This document also serves as a reference for the BTS installers on how to select anappropriate site.

Product VersionThe following table lists the product version related to this document.

Product Name Product Version

BTS3900 GSM(hereinafterreferred to as BTS3900)

V300R008

Intended Audiencel BTS installers

Change HistoryFor changes in the document, refer to Changes in BTS3900 GSM Site PreparationGuidelines.

Organization1 Safety Information

2 Requirements for the Equipment Room

Planning the installation space in compliance with site requirements is essential for installing,commissioning, and stable running of the BTS3900. The requirements for the equipment roominvolve site selection, space and position, construction, and operating environment.

3 Power Supply Requirements for the BTS3900

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines About This Document


1

To ensure proper operation of the BTS3900 power system, parameters of the power input mustmeet corresponding specifications.

4 Requirements for Lightning Protection and Grounding System of the BTS3900

To ensure smooth operation of the BTS3900, the lightning protection and grounding systemmust meet the specified requirements.

5 Transmission Requirements for the BTS Site

The transmission devices should be arranged before the site construction. The transmissionrequirements for the BTS3900 site consist of DDF and transmission requirements.

6 Arranging for Auxiliary Facilities for the BTS3900 Site

Auxiliary facilities of the BTS3900 site consist of cable racks, cable troughs, grounding bars,and transmission devices. The auxiliary facilities should be arranged before you install theBTS3900.

7 Arranging for Auxiliary Facilities of the BTS3900 Antenna System

Before installing the BTS3900 antenna system, you need to arrange for auxiliary facilities suchas the tower, antenna support, and feeder window as required by the scenario.

8 Requirements for Cables of the BTS

This describes the requirements for the cables of the BTS. The cables of the BTS such as thepower cable, signal cable, and grounding cable should meet the requirements for materials,cabling specifications, and configuration of auxiliary devices.

9 Checklist for BTS3900 Site Preparations

This provides the checklist for site preparations. The checklist for BTS3900 site preparationscovers the site location, power supply, grounding system, antenna system, and transmissionsystem.

Conventions1. Symbol Conventions

The following symbols may be found in this document. They are defined as follows

Symbol Description

DANGERIndicates a hazard with a high level of risk that, if not avoided,will result in death or serious injury.

WARNINGIndicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk which, ifnot avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.

CAUTIONIndicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided,could cause equipment damage, data loss, and performancedegradation, or unexpected results.

TIP Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or save yourtime.

About This DocumentBTS3900 GSM


2 Huawei Proprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Symbol Description

NOTE Provides additional information to emphasize or supplementimportant points of the main text.

2. General Conventions

Convention Description

Times New Roman Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.

Boldface Names of files,directories,folders,and users are in boldface. Forexample,log in as user root .

Italic Book titles are in italics.

Courier New Terminal display is in Courier New.

3. Command Conventions


Boldface The keywords of a command line are in boldface.

Italic Command arguments are in italic.

[ ] Items (keywords or arguments) in square brackets [ ] are optional.

{x | y | ...} Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by verticalbars.One is selected.

[ x | y | ... ] Optional alternative items are grouped in square brackets andseparated by vertical bars.One or none is selected.

{ x | y | ... } * Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by verticalbars.A minimum of one or a maximum of all can be selected.

[ x | y | ... ] * Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by verticalbars.A minimum of zero or a maximum of all can be selected.

4. GUI Conventions


Boldface Buttons,menus,parameters,tabs,window,and dialog titles are inboldface. For example,click OK.

> Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">" signs.For example,choose File > Create > Folder .

5. Keyboard Operation

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines About This Document


3


Key Press the key.For example,press Enter and press Tab.

Key1+Key2 Press the keys concurrently.For example,pressing Ctrl+Alt+Ameans the three keys should be pressed concurrently.

Key1,Key2 Press the keys in turn.For example,pressing Alt,A means the twokeys should be pressed in turn.

6. Mouse Operation

Action Description

Click Select and release the primary mouse button without moving thepointer.

Double-click Press the primary mouse button twice continuously and quicklywithout moving the pointer.

Drag Press and hold the primary mouse button and move the pointerto a certain position.

About This DocumentBTS3900 GSM


4 Huawei Proprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

1 Safety Information

1.1 Safety PrecautionsThis section describes certain safety precautions and helps to choose the measurement deviceand testing device. Read and follow these safety precautions before installing, operating, andmaintaining Huawei devices.

Following All Safety Precautions

Before any operation, read the instructions and precautions in this document carefully tominimize the possibility of accidents.

The Danger, Caution, and Note items in the package of documents do not cover all the safetyprecautions that must be followed. They only provide the generic safety precautions foroperations.

Symbols

DANGERThis symbol indicates that casualty or serious accident may occur if you ignore the safetyinstruction.

CAUTIONThis symbol indicates that serious or major injury may occur if you ignore the safety instruction.

NOTE

This symbol indicates that the operation may be easier if you pay attention to the safety instruction.

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines 1 Safety Information


1-1

Complying with the Local Safety Regulations

When operating the device, comply with the local safety regulations. The safety precautionsprovided in the documents are supplementary. You must comply with the local safetyregulations.

General Installation Requirements

The personnel in charge of installation and maintenance must be trained and master the correctoperating methods and safety precautions before beginning work.

The rules for installing and maintaining the device are as follows:

l Only the trained and qualified personnel can install, operate and maintain the device.

l Only the qualified specialists are allowed to remove the safety facilities, and repair thedevice.

l Any replacement of the device or part of the device (including the software) or any changemade to the device must be performed by qualified or authorized personnel of Huawei.

l Any fault or error that might cause safety problems must be reported immediately to thepersonnel in charge.

Grounding Requirements

The following requirements are applicable to the device to be grounded:

l Ground the device before installation and remove the ground cable after uninstallation.

l Do not operate the device in the absence of a ground conductor. Do not damage the groundconductor.

l The unit (or system) must be permanently connected to the protection ground beforeoperation. Check the electrical connection of the device before operation and ensure thatthe device is reliably grounded.

Safety of Personnel

Ensure the following:

l When lightning strikes, do not operate the device and cables.

l When lightning strikes, unplug the AC power connector. Do not use the fixed terminal ortouch the terminal or antenna connector.

NOTE

The previous two requirements are suitable for the wireless fixed terminal.

l To prevent electric shock, do not connect safety extra-low voltage (SELV) circuits totelecommunication network voltage (TNV) circuits.

l To prevent laser radiation from injuring your eyes, never look into the optical fiber outletwith unaided eyes.

l To prevent electric shock and burns, wear the electrostatic discharge (ESD) clothing, glovesand wrist strap, and remove conductors such as jewelry and watch before operation.

1 Safety InformationBTS3900 GSM


1-2 Huawei Proprietary and ConfidentialCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Device Safetyl Before operation, the device must be secured on the floor or other fixed objects, such as

the walls and the mounting racks.l Do not block ventilation openings while the system is running.

l When installing the panel, tighten the screw with the tool.

1.2 Electricity Safety

High Voltage

DANGERl The high voltage power supply provides power for running the system. Direct contact with

the high voltage power supply or contact through damp objects may result in fatal danger.l Non-standard and improper high voltage operations may result in fire and electric shock.

l The personnel who install the AC facility must be qualified to perform operations on highvoltage and AC power supply facilities.

l When installing the AC power supply facility, follow the local safety regulations.

l When operating the AC power supply facility, follow the local safety regulations.

l When operating the high voltage and AC power supply facilities, use the specific toolsinstead of common tools.

l When the operation is performed in a damp environment, ensure that water is kept off thedevice. If the cabinet is damp or wet, shut down the power supply immediately.

ThunderstormThe following requirements are suitable only for the wireless base station or the device with anantenna or GPS antenna.

DANGERIn a thunderstorm, do not perform operations on high voltage and AC power supply facilities oron a steel tower and mast.

High Electrical Leakage

CAUTIONGround the device before powering on the device. Otherwise, the personnel and device are indanger.



1-3

If the "high electrical leakage" flag is stuck to the power terminal of the device, you must groundthe device before powering it on.

Power Cable

CAUTIONDo not install and remove the power cable with a live line. Transient contact between the coreof the power cable and the conductor may generate electric arc or spark, which may cause fireor eye injury.

l Before installing or removing the power cable, turn off the power switch.

l Before connecting the power cable, ensure that the power cable and label comply with therequirements of the actual installation.

Fuse

CAUTIONTo ensure that the system runs safely, when a fuse blows, replace it with a fuse of the same typeand specifications.

Electrostatic Discharge

CAUTIONThe static electricity generated by the human body may damage the electrostatic sensitivecomponents on the circuit board, such as the large-scale integrated circuit (LIC).

In the following situations, the human body generates a static electromagnetic field:

l Movement of body parts

l Clothes friction

l Friction between shoes and the ground

l Holding plastic in hand

The static electromagnetic field will remain within the human body for a long time.

Before contacting the device, plug boards, circuit boards, and application specific integratedcircuits (ASICs), wear a grounded ESD wrist strap. It can prevent the sensitive components frombeing damaged by the static electricity in the human body.

Figure 1-1shows how to wear an ESD wrist strap.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 1-1 Wearing an ESD wrist strap

1.3 Inflammable Environment

DANGERDo not place the device in the environment that has inflammable and explosive air or fog. Donot perform any operation in this environment.

Any operation of the electrical device in the inflammable environment causes danger.

1.4 Battery

Storage Battery

DANGERBefore handling the storage battery, read the safety precautions for the handling and connectionof the storage battery.

Incorrect operation of storage batteries may cause danger. During operation, ensure thefollowing:

l Prevent any short-circuit.



1-5

l Prevent the electrolyte from overflowing and leakage.

Electrolyte overflow may damage the device. It will corrode the metal parts and the circuitboards, and ultimately damage the device and cause short-circuit of the circuit boards.

General OperationsBefore installing and maintaining the storage battery, ensure the following:

l Use special insulation tools.

l Use eye protection devices and operate with care.

l Wear rubber gloves and an apron in case of an electrolyte overflow.

l Always keep the battery upright when moving. Do not place the battery upside down or tiltit.

Short-Circuit

DANGERShort-circuit of the battery may cause injury. Although the voltage of a battery is low, hightransient current generated by short-circuit will release a surge of power.

Keep metal objects away from the battery to prevent short circuit. If they have to be used,disconnect the battery in use before performing any other operation.

Harmful Gas

CAUTIONl Do not use unsealed lead-acid storage batteries, because the gas emitted from it may result

in fire or device corrosion.l Lay the storage battery horizontally and fix it properly.

The lead-acid storage battery in use will emit flammable gas. Therefore, store it in a place withgood ventilation and take precautions against fire.

High Temperature

CAUTIONHigh temperature may result in distortion, damage, and electrolyte overflow of the battery.

When the temperature of the battery exceeds 60oC, check whether there is acid overflow. If acidoverflow occurs, handle the acid immediately.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Acid

CAUTIONIf the acid overflows, it should be absorbed and neutralized immediately.

When handling a leaky battery, protect against the possible damage caused by the acid. Use thefollowing materials to absorb and neutralize acid spills:

l Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda): NaHCO3

l Sodium carbonate (soda): Na2CO3

Antacids must be used according to the instructions provided by the battery manufacturer.

Lithium Battery

CAUTIONThere is danger of explosion if the battery is incorrectly replaced.

l Replace the lithium battery with the same or equivalent type recommended by themanufacturer.

l Dispose of the used battery according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer.

l Do not dispose of the lithium battery in fire.

1.5 Radiation

Electromagnetic Field Exposure

CAUTIONHigh power radio-frequency signals are harmful to human body.

Before installing or maintaining an antenna on a steel tower or mast with a large number oftransmitter antennas, the operator should coordinate with all parties to ensure that the transmitterantennas are shut down.

The base transceiver station (BTS) has RF radiation (radiation hazard). Suggestions for theinstallation and operation of BTSs are given in the following section. Operators are also requiredto comply with the related local regulations on erecting BTSs.

l The antenna should be located in an area that is inaccessible to the public where the RFradiation exceeds the stipulated value.



1-7

l If the areas where RF radiation exceeds the stipulated value are accessible to workers,ensure that workers know where these areas are. They can shut down the transmitters beforeentering these areas. Such areas may not exist; but if they exist, the areas must be within arange of less than 10 m around the antennas.

l Each forbidden zone should be indicated by a physical barrier and striking sign to warn thepublic or workers.

Laser

CAUTIONWhen handling optical fibers, do not stand close to, or look into the optical fiber outlet withunaided eyes.

Laser transceivers or transmitters are used in the optical transmission system and associated testtools. Because the laser that is transmitted through the optical fiber produces a small beam oflight, it has a very high power density and is invisible to human eyes. If a beam of light entersthe eye, the retina may be damaged.

Normally, staring into the end of an unterminated optical fiber or broken optical fiber with theunaided eyes from a distance of more than 150 mm [5.91 in.] will not cause eye injury. Eyesmay, however, be damaged if an optical tool such as a microscope, magnifying glass or eyeloupe is used to stare into the bare optical fiber end.

Read the following guidelines to prevent laser radiation:

l Only the trained and authorized personnel can perform the operation.

l Wear a pair of eye-protective glasses when you are handling lasers or optical fibers.

l Ensure that the optical source is switched off before disconnecting optical fiber connectors.

l Never look into the end of an exposed optical fiber or an open connector if you cannotensure that the optical source is switched off.

l To ensure that the optical source is switched off, use an optical power meter.

l Before opening the front door of an optical transmission system, ensure that you are notexposed to laser radiation.

l Never use an optical tool such as a microscope, a magnifying glass, or an eye loupe to lookinto the optical fiber connector or end.

Read the following instructions before handling optical fibers:

l Only the trained personnel can cut and splice optical fibers.

l Before cutting or splicing an optical fiber, ensure that the optical fiber is disconnected fromthe optical source. After disconnecting the optical fiber, use protecting caps to protect allthe optical connectors.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

1.6 Working at Heights

CAUTIONWhen working at heights, ensure that the objects do not fall.

When working at heights, ensure that the following requirements must be met:

l The personnel who work at heights must be trained.

l The operating machines and tools should be carried and handled safely to prevent themfrom falling.

l Safety measures, such as wearing a helmet and a safety belt, should be taken.

l In cold regions, warm clothes should be worn before working at heights.

l Ensure that the lifting appliances are well prepared for working at heights.

Lifting Weights

CAUTIONDo not access the areas under the arm of the crane and the goods in suspension when liftingweights.

l Ensure that the operators have been trained and qualified.

l Check the weight lifting tools and ensure that they are intact.

l Lift the weight only when the weight lifting tools are firmly mounted onto the weight-bearing object or the wall.

l Use a concise instruction to prevent incorrect operation.

l The angle between the two cables should be less than or equal to 90o in the lifting of weights(See Figure 1-2).



1-9

Figure 1-2 Lifting a weight

Safety Guide on Ladder UseChecking the Ladder

l Check the ladder before using it. Check the maximum weight that the ladder can support.

l Never overload the ladder.

Placing the Ladder

l The slant angle is preferred to be 75o. The slant can be measured with the angle square orwith arms, as shown in Figure 1-3. When using a ladder, place the wider end of the ladderon the ground and take protective measures on the base of the ladder against slippage. Placethe ladder on a stable ground.

When climbing the ladder, ensure the following:

l The gravity of the body does not shift from the edge of the ladder.

l Keep balance on the ladder before performing any operation.

l Do not climb higher than the fourth highest step of the ladder.

If you tend to climb to the roof, the length of the ladder should be at least one meter higher thanthe eave, as shown in Figure 1-4.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 1-3 Slant angle

Figure 1-4 One meter higher than the eave

1.7 Mechanical Safety

Drilling

CAUTIONDo not drill on the cabinet without permission. Inappropriate drilling on the cabinet may damagethe electromagnetic shielding and internal cables. Metal shavings from the drilling may resultin a short-circuit of the circuit board if they get into the cabinet.

l Before drilling a hole on the cabinet, remove the cables from the cabinet.



1-11

l During the drilling, wear blinkers to protect your eyes.

l During the drilling, wear the protective gloves.

l Prevent the metal shavings from getting into the cabinet. After drilling, clean the metalshavings in time.

Handling Sharp Objects

CAUTIONWhen carrying the device by hand, wear the protective gloves to prevent injury by sharp objects.

Handling Fansl When replacing a component, place the component, screw, and tool at a safe place to prevent

them from falling into the running fan.l When replacing the ambient equipment around the fan, do not place the finger or board

into the running fan until the fan is switched off and stops running.

Moving Heavy ObjectsWear the protective gloves when moving heavy objects.

CAUTIONl Be careful when moving heavy objects.

l When moving the chassis outwards, be aware about the unfixed or heavy objects on thechassis to prevent injury.

l Two persons should be available to move a chassis; one person must not move a heavychassis. When moving a chassis, keep your back straight and move stably to prevent asprain.

l When moving or lifting a chassis, hold the handle or bottom of the chassis. Do not hold thehandle of the installed modules in the chassis, such as the power module, fan module, orboard.

1.8 Others

Inserting and Removing a Board

CAUTIONWhen inserting a board, wear the ESD wrist strap or gloves. Insert the board gently to preventany bent pins on the backplane.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

l Insert the board along the guide rail.

l Avoid contact of one board with another to prevent short-circuit or damage.

l Do not remove the active board before powering off.

l When holding a board in hand, do not touch the board circuit, components, connectors, orconnection slots.

Bundling Signal Cables

CAUTIONBundle the signal cables separately from the strong current cables or high voltage cables.

Cabling RequirementsAt a very low temperature, movement of the cable may damage the plastic skin of the cable. Toensure the construction safety, comply with the following requirements:

l When installing cables, ensure that the environment temperature is above 0oC.

l If cables are stored in the place below 0oC, move the cables into a place at a roomtemperature and store the cables for more than 24 hours before installation.

l Move the cables with care, especially at a low temperature. Do not drop the cables directlyfrom the vehicle.



1-13

2 Requirements for the Equipment Room

About This Chapter

Planning the installation space in compliance with site requirements is essential for installing,commissioning, and stable running of the BTS3900. The requirements for the equipment roominvolve site selection, space and position, construction, and operating environment.

2.1 Site Selection Requirements for the BTS3900This describes the requirements for site selection. To ensure constantly stable running of theBTS3900, you should select a proper site. Site selection is subject to the technical requirementsfor network planning and telecommunication equipment. In addition, hydrographic, geological,and transportation factors must be considered.

2.2 Space and Location Requirements of the BTS3900The layout of the equipment room must be reasonable, feasible, and neat. The BTS3900 cabinetcan be installed against the wall.

2.3 Construction Requirements for the Equipment RoomThe equipment room consists of exchange room, control room (area not less than 20 m2), andauxiliary room. The exchange and control rooms can be combined as one room if theenvironment is not satisfactory. Factors such as the shortest route of the feeders, bearing capacityof the equipment room, power supply, and transmission mode should be taken into consideration.

2.4 Environment Requirements for Operating the BTS3900This describes the environment requirements for operating the BTS3900. It focuses on theclimatic, biological, air purity, and mechanical stress requirements for operating the BTS3900.

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines 2 Requirements for the Equipment Room


2-1

2.1 Site Selection Requirements for the BTS3900This describes the requirements for site selection. To ensure constantly stable running of theBTS3900, you should select a proper site. Site selection is subject to the technical requirementsfor network planning and telecommunication equipment. In addition, hydrographic, geological,and transportation factors must be considered.

Requirements for site selection are as follows:

l The site environment should be free from dust, harmful gas, excessive heat, explosivesubstance, or low air pressure.

l The site should be located at a place where earthquakes or loud noise are unlikely to occur.

l The site should be located far from a power substation.

l The site should be located away from stagnant water.

l The site should be far from high-power radio transmitters, radar stations, or otherinterference sources. The interference field intensity should not be higher than the shieldingspecifications of the BTS for useless radiation.

l Air inlets of the telecommunication equipment should be placed far away from the sewerpipe, septic tank, or sewage disposal pool. The equipment is in positive pressure state andis free from corrosive gas. Otherwise, electronic components and circuit boards maycorrode.

l The equipment room must not be constructed either in a room for feeding poultry or in anunused chemical fertilizer warehouse. The site should be kept away from a pasture orpoultry yard. If the site has to be constructed near a pasture or poultry yard, the site shouldbe constructed in the upwind direction of a pasture or poultry yard.

l The equipment room should be located on the second floor or higher. If this requirementcannot be met, the ground for the equipment room must be at least 600 mm higher than themaximum local flood line.

2.2 Space and Location Requirements of the BTS3900The layout of the equipment room must be reasonable, feasible, and neat. The BTS3900 cabinetcan be installed against the wall.

Space RequirementsFigure 2-1 shows the space requirements of the BTS3900 cabinet.

2 Requirements for the Equipment RoomBTS3900 GSM



Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 2-1 Space requirements of the BTS3900 cabinet (unit: mm)

The space requirements of the BTS3900 cabinet are described as follows:

l If the floor of the equipment room is made of precast slabs, do not install multiple cabinetson one slab, as shown in Figure 2-2.

Figure 2-2 Installation directions of the cabinets

2

1 3

1

(1) Cabinet (2) Direction of the precast slab (3) Precast slab

l The rear of the cabinet is in close contact with the wall.

l The lateral side of the cabinet can be in close contact with the wall.

l Huawei recommends that at least 800 mm width in front of the cabinet be reserved formaintenance.



2-3

l For a single cabinet, a minimum space of 200 mm should be reserved above the top of thecabinet for the feeder cabling.

l For stacked cabinets, a minimum space of 200 mm should be reserved above the top of theupper cabinet for the feeder cabling.

Location RequirementsFigure 2-3 shows the location requirements of the BTS3900 cabinet.

Figure 2-3 Location requirements of the BTS3900 cabinet (unit: mm)

feeder window

BTS3900BTS3900BTS3900

BTS3900BTS3900BTS3900

800

The location requirements of the BTS3900 cabinet are described as follows:

l The cabinet must be installed as close as possible to the feeder window to reduce the lengthof the feeder.

l If the BSC, BTS, and power distribution frame (PDF) are installed in one equipment room,they should be installed in one row for easy cabling.

l When the cabinet is installed side by side with other equipment, no space is requiredbetween them.

2.3 Construction Requirements for the Equipment RoomThe equipment room consists of exchange room, control room (area not less than 20 m2), andauxiliary room. The exchange and control rooms can be combined as one room if theenvironment is not satisfactory. Factors such as the shortest route of the feeders, bearing capacityof the equipment room, power supply, and transmission mode should be taken into consideration.

Requirements for the Area of the Equipment Rooml The room should be large enough for equipment installation and future capacity expansion.

l The feeder window can be installed easily, and the routing of the feeders inside theequipment room is convenient.

l It is convenient and easy for the maintenance personnel to install or maintain the equipment.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

l It is convenient to open and close the cabinet door.

Requirements for the Height of the Equipment Room

The minimum height of the equipment room refers to the distance between the horizontal beamor the air vent and the floor. For easy installation of the cable racks and routing of cables andconduits, the minimum height of the equipment room should be three meters.

Requirements for the Bearing Capacity

Because the equipment is quite heavy, architectural and structural engineers should be invitedto check the bearing capacity of the room before the equipment installation. The checking shouldbe done in compliance with the weight, basal area, position for the equipment, and structure ofthe building. If the bearing capacity is not enough, reinforce the building.

Requirements for the Floorl Floorboards should be laid down firmly, and there should be no space between the boards.

The horizontal error per square meter should not be greater than 2 mm.l Cable holes in the floor should be capped with access covers to protect cables from rodents

(such as rats). Position for the holes should be determined in compliance with theengineering design and the dimensions should be accurate to ensure easy installation.

Requirements for the Door and Windowsl The minimum dimensions of the door are 2 meters in height and 1 meter in width.

l The door and the windows should be sealed with dustproof plastic tapes.

l Reflectors or colored glass should be applied to the windows through which sunlightdirectly enters the room. Some windows can be blocked if the light in the room is sufficient.

Requirements for Walls and Rooftopl The walls and the rooftop should be durable, heat-resistant and leakproof.

l Leakage-proof measures should be taken if there are antenna poles or holes in the rooftop.The bearing capacity of the devices should also be taken into consideration.

l Flat paint can be applied to the walls, but chalked paint is not recommended.

Requirements for Dust Proofing in the Equipment Room

Table 2-1 lists the requirements for the dust concentration in the equipment room.

Table 2-1 Requirements for the dust concentration in the equipment room

MaximumDiameter(μm)

1 3 5 10

Concentration(granule/m3)

≤ 4 x 107 ≤ 7 x 105 ≤ 2.4 x 105 ≤ 1.3 x 105



2-5

Requirements for the Quake Proofing of the Equipment Room

The intensity requirement of the shockproof design of the equipment room must be one degreehigher than the local intensity requirement.

If the equipment room does not meet this requirement, reinforce the equipment room.

2.4 Environment Requirements for Operating the BTS3900This describes the environment requirements for operating the BTS3900. It focuses on theclimatic, biological, air purity, and mechanical stress requirements for operating the BTS3900.

Climatic Requirements

Table 2-2 lists the climatic requirements for the normal operation of the BTS.

Table 2-2 Climatic requirements

Item Specification

Temperature -20℃ to +50℃ (long-term operating environment)+50℃ to +55℃ (short-term operating environment)

Temperature variation rate ≤ 3 ℃/min

Relative humidity 5% to 95%

Altitude l The BTS operates normally when the altituderanges from -60 m to 3,000 m.

l When the altitude ranges from 3,000 m to 4,000m, the operating temperature of the BTS drops by1ºC each time the altitude increases by 200 m.

Air pressure 70 kPa to 106 kPa

Solar radiation ≤ 1120 W/s2

Solar radiation ≤ 600 W/s2

Wind speed ≤ 50 m/s

NOTE

l In the long-term operating environment, the BTS can operate properly for a long period. In the short-term operating environment, the BTS must operate for less than 96 hours each time and less than 15days each year in total to ensure proper operation without damaging the hardware.

l The heat consumption of the DRFU should be smaller than 355 W.

Biological Environment Requirements

The biological requirements related to the operating environment are as follows:




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

l The environment should not be conducive for the growth of fungus or mildew.

l There should be no rodents, such as rats.

Air Purity Requirements

The air purity requirements related to the operating environment are as follows:

l The air should be free from explosive, conductive, magneto-conductive, or corrosive dust.

l The density of chemically active substances should comply with the requirements listed inTable 2-3.

Table 2-3 Requirements for the density of chemically active substances

Chemically ActiveSubstance

Unit Density

SO2 mg/m3 ≤ 0.30

H2S mg/m3 ≤ 0.10

NH3 mg/m3 ≤ 1.00

Cl2 mg/m3 ≤ 0.10

HCl mg/m3 ≤ 0.10

HF mg/m3 ≤ 0.01

O3 mg/m3 ≤ 0.05

NOx mg/m3 ≤ 0.05

Mechanical Stress Requirements

Table 2-4 lists the mechanical stress requirements for the normal operation of the BTS.

Table 2-4 Mechanical stress requirements

Item Sub Item Specification

Sinusoidalvibration

Offset ≤ 3 mm None

Accelerationspeed

None ≤ 10.0 m/s2

Frequencyrange

2-9 Hz 9-200 Hz

Unsteadyimpact

Impactresponsespectrum II

≤ 250 m/s2



2-7

Item Sub Item Specification

Staticpayload

0

NOTE

l Impact response spectrum refers to the maximum acceleration response curve generated by theequipment under specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II means that the durationof semi-sine impact response spectrum is 6 ms.

l Static payload refers to the capability of the equipment in package to bear the pressure from the topin normal pile-up method.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

3 Power Supply Requirements for theBTS3900

To ensure proper operation of the BTS3900 power system, parameters of the power input mustmeet corresponding specifications.

Requirements for the DC Supply

When the BTS uses the -48 V DC or +24 V DC supply, the power supply system must meet thefollowing requirements:

l DC input

– Voltage range for the -48 V DC: -38.4 V DC to -60 V DC

– Voltage range for the +24 V DC: +21 V DC to +29 V DC

– The on/off overshoot amplitude is not greater than ±5% of the DC output voltage.

– The peak-to-peak noise voltage is smaller than or equal to 200 mV.

– Dynamic response: The restore time is less than 200 ms. The overshoot value is lessthan or equal to ±5% of the DC output voltage.

l DC supply system

– When designing the capacity of the DC power supply system, you should consider themaximum load of the system in dynamic and static modes. In addition, reserve theremaining system resource.

– To shorten the DC feeder, place the power equipment close to the telecommunicationsequipment. To reduce power consumption and installation cost, ensure that the voltagedrop of the loop between the battery port and the port on the equipment is less than 3.2V.

– For the office with large traffic volume, configure multiple power supply systems indifferent floors. The power supply systems are used for different equipment rooms.

– For the office with medium traffic volume, configure a centralized power room orbattery room, or adopt the distributed power supply mode. For the office with smalltraffic volume, use the integrated power supply. Note that you should prevent thecorrosive gas released by the battery from eroding the board.

– The power supply in dispersed mode is preferred. Use multiple DC power supplysystems and place power equipment in multiple positions.

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines 3 Power Supply Requirements for the BTS3900


3-1

– Use the standard DC power supply system, and set the output voltage of the powersystem within the required range.

– Improve the reliability of the AC power supply system, and reduce storage batteries.For small offices, add batteries if it is difficult to enhance the reliability of the AC powersupply system.

l High frequency switch rectifier

The total capacity of the high frequency switch rectifier should meet the powerspecifications of the communication loading and battery charging. Configure the backuprectifier modules. If there are less than 10 active modules, configure one backup module.If there are more than 10 active modules, configure one backup module for every 10 activemodules.

l Storage battery

Install the storage batteries in two or more groups. The capacity is determined by theduration when the storage batteries supply power to the load. The following listsrecommended duration when the storage batteries supply power to the load for most offices.The duration is specified with the allowable power failure considered.

– The backup duration for Class 1 mains ranges from 0.5 to 1 hour.

– The backup duration for Class 2 mains ranges from 1 to 2 hours.

– The backup duration for Class 3 mains ranges from 2 to 3 hours.

– The backup duration for Class 4 mains is divided into two scenarios:

– –If there is only one power input with frequent power failures, the backup durationranges from 8 to 10 hours.

– –If there are seasonal power failures or unavailable mains that occupy a long time,the backup duration ranges from 20 to 24 hours.

– In the unmanned site, the following factors must be considered for the storage batteries:

– –Time cost on preparations for rectifying the power failure

– –Time cost on driving at an average speed from the location of maintainer to theunmanned site

– –Time cost on rectifying the power failure

– –No maintainer available at night for rectifying the fault at unmanned sites on topof maintains or at suburbs

– –For the site equipped with the generator which can be started at a delayed time, thestorage batteries should discharge power less than or equal to 20% of total capacitywithin the delayed period.

Requirements for the AC Supplyl Use independent power network of good power supply quality.

l When determining the AC power distribution capacity in the equipment room, you shouldconsider the working current and fault current of the equipment. Each equipment must havean independent AC distribution protection device. The current threshold of the distributionprotection switch for the equipment must be greater than that for the lower-level equipment.

l If the voltage stability does not meet the requirement, you should use voltage regulators toguarantee the voltage range. The voltage regulator should be used in either of the followingtwo scenarios:

3 Power Supply Requirements for the BTS3900BTS3900 GSM



Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

– When the equipment is powered directly by the mains, the power supply voltage exceedsthe rated voltage by –10% to +15% or the voltage range allowed for the equipment.

– When the equipment is not powered directly by the mains, the mains voltage exceedsthe rated voltage by –10% to +15% or the AC input voltage range allowed for the DCequipment.

l To ensure stable power supply, you should use the UPS or the inverter.

l Configure the generator set for the office to ensure normal communication in case of mainsfailure. The capacity of the generator set should be at least 1.5–2 times greater than thecapacity of the AC continuous power supply equipment.

l For details on the AC voltage and its allowable range, refer to Table 3-1.

Table 3-1 AC voltage and allowable range

Input Voltage Range Frequency Voltage Distortion

90%–110% of the nominalvalue

98%–102% of the nominalvalue

Total harmoniouscomponents are less than10%.

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines 3 Power Supply Requirements for the BTS3900


3-3

4 Requirements for Lightning Protection andGrounding System of the BTS3900

To ensure smooth operation of the BTS3900, the lightning protection and grounding systemmust meet the specified requirements.

Requirements for Lightning Protection of the Equipment Rooml The reinforced concrete structure should be applied to the construction of the equipment

room.

l The lightning protection device must be installed in the equipment room.

l The lightning protection grounding should share the same grounding body with theprotection grounding of the equipment room.

Requirements for Lightning Protection of the AC Supply Systeml The TN-S should be used as the AC power supply.

l A dedicated power transformer must be used for the equipment room. Power cables mustbe covered with the metal jacket or insulation jacket, led through with the steel pipe, buriedin the ground, and then routed to the equipment room. Both ends of the metal jacket or thesteel pipe should be properly grounded nearby. The power cables that are buried in theground must be at least 15 m long.

l A seamless zinc oxide lightning arrester must be installed at the low voltage side of the ACpower transformer for the BTS. Ground nearby and properly the enclosure of thetransformer, the neutral lines at the low voltage side, and the metal jacket for the powercables connected to the enclosure of the transformer.

Requirements for Lightning Protection of Led-In Power Cablesl Lightning arresters must be installed for the power cables.

l The AC/DC power cables must be not led in to or out of the equipment room in overheadmode.

l After the low-voltage power cables are led into the equipment room, the lightning arresterfor the power cables must be installed in the AC voltage regulator and the AC powerdistribution panel (box). The nominal discharging current of the lightning arrester must begreater than 20 kA, and the arrester must be grounded nearby and properly.

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines

4 Requirements for Lightning Protection and GroundingSystem of the BTS3900


4-1

l In urban areas, the nominal discharging current of the lightning arrester must be greaterthan 20 kA.

l In suburbs with average thunderstorm days, the nominal through-current capacity of thelightning arrester must be greater than 40 kA.

l In mountain areas where lightning strikes are frequent or in standalone high buildings, thenominal surge through-current capacity of the surge protector must be greater than 100 kA.

l The grounding cable of the lightning arrester must be less than 1 m in length.

Requirements for the Lightning RodThe antenna of the BTS must be protected by the lightning rod. If the lightning rod is installedon the building (especially on the rooftop) where the BTS is located, and the BTS antenna is inthe protection coverage of the lightning rod, the pole of the BTS antenna need not be installedwith a lightning rod.

General Requirements for Groundingl The neutral line of the AC power cable must not be connected to the protection ground of

any exchange or communications devices.l All grounding cables must be as short and straight as possible. The grounding cables cannot

be twisted.l Fuses or switches cannot be installed on grounding cables.

l The grounding busbar should not be oxidized. Oxidation may cause bad contact betweenthe grounding cables and the grounding bar, and thus increasing the resistance. Ensure thatthe grounding cables are securely connected to the protection grounding bar of theequipment room.

l If the galvanized steel down leads are placed 0.5 m above the ground or 0.5 m below theground, antirust measures should be taken against heavy moisture.

Requirements for Grounding of the DC Power Distribution SystemThe positive and negative DC power cables must be connected to the DC output terminal of theAC/DC or connected to the DC power distribution panel.

Requirements for Equipotential Groundingl All the equipment and auxiliary facilities in the equipment room must have protection

grounds.l Protection grounding for all the equipment on a site should be finally connected to the

grounding grids for the equipment room.l The grounding grids for the equipment room, tower, and power transformer are

interconnected in a multipoint manner underground. If the tower is on the roof of theequipment room and the power transformer is in the equipment room, the grounding gridsof the tower and the transformer should be connected with the grounding grid of theequipment room, as shown in Figure 4-1.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 4-1 Grounding grids

Tower grounding grid

Equipment grounding grid

Power distribution transformer grounding grid

Horizontal grounding body Vertical grounding body

l The cabling rack, steel shelf, rack or chassis, metallic air conduit, and metallic window anddoor must be grounded.

Requirement for Grounding ResistanceThe grounding resistance of the BTS must be less than 10 ohms.

Requirements for Cabling and Grounding of the Feederl The feeder should be led into the equipment room through a cabling rack or under the

ground.l Grounding clips should be installed for the feeder. The installation positions of grounding

clips are as follows:– A point within 1 m away from the antenna

– A point within 1 m away from the outdoor cabling rack

– A point outside the feeder window

– Install a grounding clip for the feeder every 20 m. If the feeder along the tower is equalto or longer than 60 m, you should add a grounding clip for the feeder at the point 30m away from the top of the tower.

l Both ends of a cable rack should be grounded properly.

Requirements for Lightning Protection of Signal Cablesl Overhead cabling must not be used. The signal cables should be routed under ground.

l Signal cables led in to and out of the site must be covered with the metal jacket, or througha metal tube.

l If it is difficult to route the signal cables under ground, lead the signal cables through metaltubes and ground both ends of the tubes securely. Install signal lightning arresters withlarge through–current capacity at the port where the signal cables are led into the equipment.The grounding cable of the lightning arrester should be as short as possible. Ground theidle lines in the cable.




4-3

5 Transmission Requirements for the BTS Site

The transmission devices should be arranged before the site construction. The transmissionrequirements for the BTS3900 site consist of DDF and transmission requirements.

Transmission Requirementsl Transmission resources should meet the requirements for the site and extra resources should

be reserved for future capacity expansion.l If the BSC and the BTS are deployed close to the Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) or

backbone network, the BSC and the BTS can be directly connected to the transmissionnetwork through the E1 or SDH ports in ATM/IP mode. If the BTS is directly connectedto the BSC through the E1 cable, the overhead transmission mode should be avoided. Ifyou have to use the overhead transmission mode, the E1 cable must be coated with themetal jacket. The maximum transmission distance of the 75-ohm trunk cable is 200 meters.Additional transmission devices are required if the transmission distance is longer than 200meters. The E1 or FE cables can be used in IP transmission mode. The IP transmissiondevices, such as LANSWITCH and ROUTER, are required.

l If the BTS is deployed at the far end of the BSC and MAN or backbone network, and withinthe Line of Sight (LOS) of microwave transmission, the microwave transmission shouldbe used. The indoor units of the microwave transmission devices are installed in the spacereserved in the cabinet.

l If the BTS is at the far end of the BSC and the MAN or backbone network, and is not withinthe LOS of microwave transmission, the xDSL transmission should be used when there aresufficient fixed lines. Huawei recommends that you install the xDSL transmission devicesin the space reserved in the cabinet.

DDF Requirementsl The connector of the external DDF should match the E1 cable of the transmission

equipment.l The DDF should be installed before the BTS is installed.

l Use copper cable to connect the DDF to the grounding bar of the equipment room.

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines 5 Transmission Requirements for the BTS Site


5-1

6 Arranging for Auxiliary Facilities for theBTS3900 Site

About This Chapter

Auxiliary facilities of the BTS3900 site consist of cable racks, cable troughs, grounding bars,and transmission devices. The auxiliary facilities should be arranged before you install theBTS3900.

6.1 Installing Cable RacksThis section describes how to install the cable rack that facilitates the routing of cables. Thecable racks are classified into indoor cable racks and outdoor cable racks. A cable rack consistsof a cable ladder and a cable trough(s). The cable troughs, however, are optional.

6.2 Installing the Grounding Bar of the BTSThis describes how to install the grounding bar of the BTS. The grounding bar for the BTS isused to connect PGND cables of the cabinet.

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines 6 Arranging for Auxiliary Facilities for the BTS3900 Site


6-1

6.1 Installing Cable RacksThis section describes how to install the cable rack that facilitates the routing of cables. Thecable racks are classified into indoor cable racks and outdoor cable racks. A cable rack consistsof a cable ladder and a cable trough(s). The cable troughs, however, are optional.

Context

CAUTIONFor mounting the cable rack, an equipotential connection is required.

6.1.1 Introduction to Cable RacksFor overhead cabling, a cable rack is required for cable installation in the equipment room. Acable rack consists of a cable ladder and a cable trough(s). Cable troughs, however, are optional.

6.1.2 Procedure for Installing the Cable RackCable racks are classified into indoor cable racks and outdoor cable racks. You must follow therelated specifications when installing the cable rack.

6.1.3 Installing the Indoor Cable RackAn indoor cable rack can be installed on the ceiling, on the floor, against the wall, or on the topof the cabinet.

6.1.4 Installing the Outdoor Cable RackAn outdoor cable rack can be installed on the floor or on the wall.

6.1.5 Connecting Cable LaddersIn actual installations, you may need to dock two cable ladders, to connect the cable ladders orcable troughs in a T shape, to connect the cable ladder to the wall, or to lay the cable ladderupwards or downwards. For details on how to connect the cable ladders, refer to thecorresponding topic.

6.1.6 Installing the Cable TroughThis topic describes how to connect and install the cable troughs.

6.1.7 Installing AccessoriesDuring the installation of the cable rack, the required accessories are the cable manager, endcover, bushing, and baffle ring.

6.1.1 Introduction to Cable RacksFor overhead cabling, a cable rack is required for cable installation in the equipment room. Acable rack consists of a cable ladder and a cable trough(s). Cable troughs, however, are optional.

Specifications

Select the cabling troughs by observing the following rules:

l For a 200-mm wide cabling ladder, use a 200-mm wide cabling trough.

6 Arranging for Auxiliary Facilities for the BTS3900 SiteBTS3900 GSM



Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

l For a 400-mm wide cabling ladder, use a 400-mm wide cabling trough.

l For a 600-mm wide cable ladder, use a 400-mm wide cable trough and a 200-mm widecable trough.

The cable ladder is 2,500 mm long and the cable trough is 2,000 mm long.

ItemsTable 6-1 shows the items required for mounting a cable rack.

Table 6-1 Items required for mounting a cable rack

Figure 6-1 Cable ladder Figure 6-2 U-shape connecting piece

Figure 6-3 Bracket angle Figure 6-4 Cable manager

Figure 6-5 Triangular support Figure 6-6 Connecting clip



6-3

Figure 6-7 Fixing clip Figure 6-8 Cable trough

Figure 6-9 Movable bushing Figure 6-10 End cover

Figure 6-11 Rectangular frame Figure 6-12 U-steel

Figure 6-13 Over-cabinet support

6.1.2 Procedure for Installing the Cable RackCable racks are classified into indoor cable racks and outdoor cable racks. You must follow therelated specifications when installing the cable rack.

Procedure

Step 1 Determine whether to install an indoor or outdoor cable rack based on the actual requirements.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

l If an indoor cable rack needs to be installed, go to 6.1.3 Installing the Indoor CableRack.

l If an outdoor cable rack needs to be installed, see 6.1.4 Installing the Outdoor CableRack.

Step 2 Connect the cable ladders. For details, go to 6.1.5 Connecting Cable Ladders.

Step 3 Install the cable trough. For details, go to 6.1.6 Installing the Cable Trough.

Step 4 Install the accessories. For details, see 6.1.7 Installing Accessories.

----End

6.1.3 Installing the Indoor Cable RackAn indoor cable rack can be installed on the ceiling, on the floor, against the wall, or on the topof the cabinet.

Context

CAUTIONWhen you install a cable rack, ensure that the cable rack is insulated from the floor, ceiling, andwall.

6.1.3.1 Installing the Indoor Cable Rack on the Ceiling or on the FloorWhen the cabling rack cannot be mounted on the wall, you can install the cable rack on theceiling or on the floor.

6.1.3.2 Installing the Indoor Cable Rack on the WallThis task describes how to install the cable rack when the cable rack is against the wall.

6.1.3.3 Installing the Indoor Cable Rack over the CabinetWhen the cables are routed over the cabinet, the cable rack can be installed on the top of thecabinet. The cable trough, however, is excluded to facilitate heat dissipation.

Installing the Indoor Cable Rack on the Ceiling or on the Floor

When the cabling rack cannot be mounted on the wall, you can install the cable rack on theceiling or on the floor.

Contextl When you install the cable rack on the ceiling, connect the suspending levers to the ceiling.

l When you install the cable rack on the floor, connect the supporting levers to the floor.

You can follow the same method for installing a cable rack on the ceiling as that for installinga cable rack on the floor The following part illustrates how to install a cable rack on the ceiling.



6-5

CAUTIONl The spacing between two suspending levers or two supporting levers must be an integer

multiple of 50 mm. When the recommended 1,250-mm spacing is used, each segment of thecable ladder is supported by two suspending levers.

l For facilitating the installation of the cable trough, the suspending levers and supportinglevers must be mounted on the outer side of the cable ladder. In addition, insulating pads andinsulating washers must be used to insulate the cable rack from the ceiling or the floor.

l When you fix the bracket angle to the ceiling or to the floor by using expansion bolts, replacethe flat washers with large flat washers 8.

Procedure

Step 1 Based on the engineering design, determine the location of the cable rack.

Step 2 Based on the location of the cable rack, determine and mark the positions for installing thesuspending levers.

Step 3 Use a Ф10 bit to drill holes at the marked positions. Ensure that the depth of the holes is between60 mm and 65 mm.

Step 4 Use a screwdriver to fasten the nut in the counterclockwise direction to the top of the M8 x 80expansion bolt, and feed the bolt vertically into the hole. Hammer the expansion bolt until thetube is completely buried in the ceiling. Remove the flat washer, spring washer, and nut fromthe expansion bolt.

Step 5 Based on the height of the cable rack and the equipment room, cut an appropriate length of theU-steel that is used as a suspending lever. If the required length exceeds 2,500 mm, you can jointwo U-steels together. For details on how to join two U-steels, refer to 6.1.5.1 Docking CableLadders. Be sure to apply paint to the surface of the cut section.

Step 6 Use a M6 x 20 bolt and a M6 nut to mount the bracket angles onto both ends of the suspendinglever.

Step 7 Apply insulating pads to the expansion bolts, and then lead the expansion bolts through the holeson the bracket angle. Place the insulating washers, large flat washers 8, spring washers 8, andM8 nuts sequentially onto the expansion bolts, and then fasten the M8 nuts to fix the suspendinglever.

Step 8 Use a bolt M8 x 20 and a nut M8 to connect the cable ladder to the suspending lever. Figure6-14 shows the cable rack installed on the ceiling.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 6-14 Cable rack installed on the ceiling

CAUTIONUse a bolt M6 x 20 to connect the bracket angle and the suspending lever. If the cable ladder isequipped with a cable trough, the bolt M6 x 20 must be as close to the top end as possible, andthe spacing between the bolt and the cable ladder must be greater than 40 mm, as shown inFigure 6-14.

Step 9 If there is an obstacle on the ceiling or the required support span is wide, you can use the U-steelto connect the two suspending levers and fix the U-steel perpendicular to the cable ladder, asshown in Figure 6-15.



6-7

Figure 6-15 Cable rack installed on the ceiling with an obstacle

----End

Installing the Indoor Cable Rack on the WallThis task describes how to install the cable rack when the cable rack is against the wall.

ContextNOTE

When you use a triangular support for installing the cable rack, abide by the following rules:

l When you fix the triangular support to the wall, ensure that you insulate the support from the wall by usinginsulating pads and insulating washers.

l When you use expansion bolts to fix the triangular support to the wall, ensure that you replace the flatwashers of the expansion bolts with large flat washers 8.

l The spacing between two adjacent triangular supports must be an integer multiple of 50 mm. Otherwise,the triangular supports cannot hold the cable ladder stably. The recommended spacing is 1,250 mm, thatis, each segment of the cable ladder is supported by two triangular supports.

l Two insulating pads must be installed between the wall and an upright beam of the triangular support. Aninsulating washer must be installed between the nut and the upright beam.

Procedure


Step 2 Determine the location of the triangular support and accordingly mark the positions of the drillingholes. Ensure that each segment of the cable ladder is supported by two triangular supports andthat the spacing between two adjacent triangular supports is 1,250 mm.


Step 4 Use a screwdriver to fasten the nuts in the counterclockwise direction to the top of the M8 x 80expansion bolts, and insert the bolts vertically into the holes. Hammer the expansion bolts untilthe tubes are completely buried in the wall.

Step 5 Remove the flat washers, spring washers, and nuts from the expansion bolts, and lead theexpansion bolts through the insulating pads.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Step 6 Lead the expansion bolts through the holes on the triangular support. Install in sequence theinsulating washers, large flat washers 8, spring washers 8, and nuts M8. Fasten the nuts to fixthe triangular support to the wall, as shown in Figure 6-16.

Figure 6-16 Fixing the triangular support

Step 7 Place the cable ladder on the horizontal beam of the triangular support, align the holes on thelower side of the U-steel with the holes in the horizontal beam of the triangular support, andconnect the cable ladder and the triangular support by using bolts M6 x 20 and nuts M6, as shownin Figure 6-17.

Figure 6-17 Fixing the cable ladder

----End



6-9

Installing the Indoor Cable Rack over the CabinetWhen the cables are routed over the cabinet, the cable rack can be installed on the top of thecabinet. The cable trough, however, is excluded to facilitate heat dissipation.

PrerequisiteThe required over-cabinet supports should be available.

Procedure

Step 1 Use bolts M8 × 20 to fix the supports to the top of the cabinet, as shown in Figure 6-18.

Figure 6-18 Fixing the over-cabinet supports

CAUTIONThe spacing between two adjacent triangular supports must be an integer multiple of 50 mm.Otherwise, the triangular supports cannot hold the cable ladder stably. The recommendedspacing is 1,250 mm, that is, each segment of the cable ladder is supported by two triangularsupports.

Step 2 Use bolts M6 × 20 and nuts M6 to fix the cable ladder to the supports, as shown in Figure6-19.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 6-19 Fixing the cable ladder

----End

6.1.4 Installing the Outdoor Cable RackAn outdoor cable rack can be installed on the floor or on the wall.

Context

CAUTIONWhen you determine the location of the cable rack, place the rectangular frame correctly, asshown in Figure 6-20.

Figure 6-20 Rectangular frame

6.1.4.1 Installing the Outdoor Cable Rack on the FloorAn outdoor cable rack can be installed on the floor if the cable rack cannot be mounted on thewall.

6.1.4.2 Installing the Outdoor Cable Rack on the Wall



6-11

This task describes how to install an outdoor cable rack on the wall.

Installing the Outdoor Cable Rack on the FloorAn outdoor cable rack can be installed on the floor if the cable rack cannot be mounted on thewall.

Procedure


Step 2 Determine the location of the rectangular frame and accordingly mark the positions of the drillingholes. Ensure that each segment of the cable ladder is supported by two rectangular frames andthat the spacing between two adjacent rectangular frames is 1,250 mm.




Step 6 Lead the expansion bolts through the holes in the rectangular frame. Add in sequence theinsulating washers, large flat washers 8, spring washers 8, and nuts M8 to the expansion bolts,and then fasten the M8 nuts to fix the rectangular frame to the floor, as shown in Figure 6-21.

Step 7 Place the cable ladder on the horizontal beam of the rectangular frame, align the holes on thelower side of the U-steel with the holes in the horizontal beam of the triangular support, and fixthe cable ladder to the rectangular frame by using bolts M6 x 20 and nuts M6, as shown inFigure 6-21.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 6-21 Installing the outdoor cable rack on the floor

----End

Installing the Outdoor Cable Rack on the WallThis task describes how to install an outdoor cable rack on the wall.

Procedure


Step 2 Determine the location of the rectangular frame and accordingly mark the positions of the drillingholes. Ensure that each segment of the cable ladder is supported by two rectangular frames andthat the spacing between two adjacent rectangular frames is 1,250 mm.




Step 6 Lead the expansion bolts through the holes in the vertical beam of the rectangular frame. Addin sequence the insulating washers, large flat washers 8, spring washers 8, and nuts M8 to theexpansion bolts, and then fasten the nuts to fix the rectangular frame to the wall. as shown inFigure 6-22.

Step 7 Place the cable ladder on the horizontal beam of the rectangular frame, align the holes on thelower side of the U-steel with the holes in the horizontal beam of the triangular support, and fix



6-13

the cable ladder to the rectangular frame by using bolts M6 x 20 and nuts M6, as shown in asshown in Figure 6-22.

Figure 6-22 Installing the outdoor cable rack on the wall

----End

6.1.5 Connecting Cable LaddersIn actual installations, you may need to dock two cable ladders, to connect the cable ladders orcable troughs in a T shape, to connect the cable ladder to the wall, or to lay the cable ladderupwards or downwards. For details on how to connect the cable ladders, refer to thecorresponding topic.

6.1.5.1 Docking Cable LaddersIf a long cable ladder is required, you can use U-shape connecting pieces to connect severalcable ladders together. You then need to use three grounding cables to connect every two adjacentcable ladders to ensure reliable grounding.

6.1.5.2 Connecting Cable Ladders or Cable Troughs in T ShapeIf both cable ladders that are connected in a T shape are installed with cable troughs, or neitherof them is installed with a cable trough, the two cable ladders or cable troughs should beconnected in a T shape. The method for connecting two cable ladders in a T shape is the sameas that for connecting cable troughs in a T shape. This section illustrates how to connect twocable ladders in a T shape.

6.1.5.3 Connecting the Cable Ladder to the Cable Trough in T ShapeIf one of the two cable ladders that are connected in a T shape is installed with a cable troughbut the other one is not, a cable ladder and the cable trough of the other ladder should be connectedin a T shape.

6.1.5.4 Connecting the Cable Ladder to the WallThis describes how to use bracket angles, insulating pads, insulating washers, spring washers,flat washers, and expansion bolts to connect a cable ladder to the wall.

6.1.5.5 Connecting Cable Ladders on Different PlanesThe cable ladders on different planes can be connected by a front connection, side connection,or oblique connection, as shown in




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Docking Cable LaddersIf a long cable ladder is required, you can use U-shape connecting pieces to connect severalcable ladders together. You then need to use three grounding cables to connect every two adjacentcable ladders to ensure reliable grounding.

ContextNOTE

If the length of the cable ladder is not an integer multiple of 2.5 m, cut off the surplus part. You then needto apply paint to the sections for rust prevention and for visual appeal.

Procedure

Step 1 Connect two cable ladders by using U-shape connecting pieces. Use a grounding cable to connectthe first and the fourth bolts that connect the cable ladder and the U-shape connecting piece. asshown in Figure 6-23.

Figure 6-23 Docking cable ladders

Step 2 Use a grounding cable to connect the second or the third bolt to the corresponding bolt. as shownin Figure 6-23.

----End

Connecting Cable Ladders or Cable Troughs in T ShapeIf both cable ladders that are connected in a T shape are installed with cable troughs, or neitherof them is installed with a cable trough, the two cable ladders or cable troughs should beconnected in a T shape. The method for connecting two cable ladders in a T shape is the sameas that for connecting cable troughs in a T shape. This section illustrates how to connect twocable ladders in a T shape.



6-15

Procedure

Use bracket angles, bolts, and nuts to connect the two cable ladders, and ensure the two laddersare on the same level, as shown in Figure 6-24.

Figure 6-24 Ladders turned on the same level (no cable trough)

----End

Connecting the Cable Ladder to the Cable Trough in T Shape

If one of the two cable ladders that are connected in a T shape is installed with a cable troughbut the other one is not, a cable ladder and the cable trough of the other ladder should be connectedin a T shape.

Context

CAUTIONEnsure that the cable ladder and the cable trough are connected at the same level.

Procedure

If one of the two cable ladders has a cable trough segment, use bracket angles, bolts, and nutsto connect the two cable ladders. Figure 6-25 shows how to turn two cable ladders at differentlevels.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 6-25 Turning the cable ladder at different levels

----End

Connecting the Cable Ladder to the WallThis describes how to use bracket angles, insulating pads, insulating washers, spring washers,flat washers, and expansion bolts to connect a cable ladder to the wall.

Procedure

Step 1 Use expansion bolts M6 x 20 to connect the bracket angles to the cable ladder, as shown in ①in Figure 6-26.



6-17

Figure 6-26 Connecting the cable ladder to the wall

Step 2 Use expansion bolts M8 x 80 to connect the bracket angles to the wall, as shown in ② in Figure6-26.

----End

Connecting Cable Ladders on Different PlanesThe cable ladders on different planes can be connected by a front connection, side connection,or oblique connection, as shown in

Procedure

Step 1 Choose a cable ladder of corresponding length and use it as a climbing ladder.

Step 2 Use bracket angles, bolts, and nuts to connect the climbing ladder and the cable ladder. The cableladders on different planes can be connected by a front connection, side connection, or obliqueconnection, as shown in Figure 6-27, Figure 6-28, and Figure 6-29.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 6-27 Front connection of cable ladders

Figure 6-28 Side connection of cable ladders



6-19

Figure 6-29 Oblique connection of cable ladders

----End

6.1.6 Installing the Cable TroughThis topic describes how to connect and install the cable troughs.

ContextTroughs can be 200-mm or 400-mm wide. Thus, the cable troughs can be installed on thefollowing:l 200-mm or 400-mm wide cable ladders

l 600-mm wide cable ladders

6.1.6.1 Connecting the Cable TroughsIf a long cable trough is required, you should connect cable troughs first and then install them.

6.1.6.2 Installing the Cable Trough on the Cable LadderThis section describes how to install a cable trough onto the cable ladder. The cable ladder canbe 200-mm, 400-mm, or 600-mm wide.

6.1.6.3 Installing the Sloping Cable TroughThis task describes how to install a sloping cable trough.

Connecting the Cable TroughsIf a long cable trough is required, you should connect cable troughs first and then install them.

ProcedureAs the cable troughs taper, you can connect two cable troughs by inserting the thinner end of acable trough into the thicker end of the other one, as shown in Figure 6-30. The length of theinserted part must not exceed 250 mm.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 6-30 Connecting cable troughs

----End

Installing the Cable Trough on the Cable Ladder

This section describes how to install a cable trough onto the cable ladder. The cable ladder canbe 200-mm, 400-mm, or 600-mm wide.

Prerequisite

The cable ladder should be installed.

Procedurel Install a cable trough onto the 200-mm or 400-mm wide cable ladder.

1. Based on the width of the cable ladder, choose a cable trough of the same width.

2. Place the cable trough on the cable ladder.

3. Fix the cable trough to the cable ladder by using fixing clips. A combined cable troughrequires four clips, two on each side. The clips on both sides are laid symmetrically.

Figure 6-31 shows how to join and install the cable troughs.

Figure 6-31 Installing a cable trough on the 200-mm or 400-mm wide cable ladder

l Install the cable troughs on the 600-mm wide cable ladder.



6-21

1. Combine a 200-mm wide cable trough with a 400-mm wide cable trough to build a600-mm wide cable trough by using connecting clips. Three connecting clips arerequired for combining two cable troughs.

2. Fix the cable trough to the cable ladder by using fixing clips. A combined cable troughrequires four clips, two on each side. The clips on both sides are laid symmetrically.

as shown in Figure 6-32.

Figure 6-32 Installing cable troughs onto the 600mm wide cable ladder

----End

Installing the Sloping Cable TroughThis task describes how to install a sloping cable trough.

PrerequisiteThe cable ladder should be installed.

ContextNOTE

The actual slope of the cable trough can be smaller than the required one.

Procedure

Step 1 Cut off the upper side of the triangle aperture in the cable trough, as shown in Figure 6-33. Besure to apply paint to the surface of the cut sections.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 6-33 Cutting off the upper side of the triangle aperture

Step 2 At the marked line, bend one part of the cable trough to the corresponding slope, as shown inFigure 6-34.

Figure 6-34 Installing a sloping cable trough

Step 3 Fix the cable trough to the cable ladder by using fixing clips. Figure 6-35 shows an installedsloping cable trough.



6-23

Figure 6-35 Installed sloping cable trough

----End

6.1.7 Installing AccessoriesDuring the installation of the cable rack, the required accessories are the cable manager, endcover, bushing, and baffle ring.

6.1.7.1 Installing the Cable ManagerCable managers are often installed on the cable ladder that lies on the top of the cabinet. Theinstallation method depends on whether a cable trough is installed. The quantity and locationsof the cable managers are site-specific.

6.1.7.2 Installing the End Cover, Bushing, and Baffle RingThe bushing protects a cable from being damaged, the end cover enhances the appearance ofthe cable, and the baffle ring prevents the cable from protruding.

Installing the Cable ManagerCable managers are often installed on the cable ladder that lies on the top of the cabinet. Theinstallation method depends on whether a cable trough is installed. The quantity and locationsof the cable managers are site-specific.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Context

CAUTIONTo align the cable manager with the cable rack, abide by the following principles:l If the cable rack is installed with a cable trough, fix the cable manager to the cable rack

through the lower row of holes in the cable manager.l If the cable rack is not installed with a cable trough, fix the cable manager to the cable rack

through the upper row of holes in the cable manager.

Procedurel Install the cable manager on the cable rack that is not installed with a cable trough.

Figure 6-36 shows the cable manager on the cable rack that is not installed with a cabletrough.

Figure 6-36 Cable manager on the cable rack that is not installed with a cable trough

l Install the cable manager on the cable rack that is installed with a cable trough.

Figure 6-37 shows the cable manager on the cable rack that is installed with a cable trough.

Figure 6-37 Cable manager on the cable rack that is installed with a cable trough

----End



6-25

Installing the End Cover, Bushing, and Baffle RingThe bushing protects a cable from being damaged, the end cover enhances the appearance ofthe cable, and the baffle ring prevents the cable from protruding.

Procedurel Install the bushing at the bottom edge of the cable trough, as shown in ① in Figure 6-38.

All the exposed bottom edges of the cable troughs must be covered by bushings.

Figure 6-38 Installing the end cover, the bushing, and the baffle ring

l Cover all the exposed ends, as shown in ② in Figure 6-38. If allowed, cover all the endsof the cable ladders.

l Mount the baffle rings onto both sides of the cable trough, as shown in ③ in Figure6-38. A cable trough requires four baffle rings. The baffle rings must be evenly mountedon both sides.

----End

6.2 Installing the Grounding Bar of the BTSThis describes how to install the grounding bar of the BTS. The grounding bar for the BTS isused to connect PGND cables of the cabinet.

ContextFigure 6-39 shows the grounding bar of the BTS.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 6-39 Structure of the grounding bar

1

(1) M8 bolt

NOTE

l The indoor grounding bar should be installed on the wall or pole that is as high as the cable rack andclose to the BTS cabinet.

l The grounding bar should be installed horizontally on the wall or pole.

l Insulating washers should be used when the expansion bolts are installed to insulate the groundingbar.

Procedure

Step 1 Determine the installation position according to the engineering design.

NOTE

The following takes the installation of the grounding bar on the wall as an example.

Step 2 Install the grounding bar horizontally on the wall using expansion bolts, as shown in Figure6-40 and Figure 6-41.

Figure 6-40 Installation of the grounding bar

(1) M12 bolt (2) Spring washer 12 (3) Flat washer 12



6-27

(4) Insulation washer a (5) Grounding bar (6) Expansion tube and expansion bolt

Figure 6-41 Sectional view of the grounding bar

12

3

4

67

5

(1) M12 bolt (2) Spring washer 12 (3) Flat washer 12 (4) Insulation washer a

(5) Grounding bar (6) Insulation washer b (7) Expansion tube and expansion bolt

Step 3 Use a PGND cable to connect the grounding bar to the main grounding bar in the equipmentroom.

----End




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

7 Arranging for Auxiliary Facilities of theBTS3900 Antenna System

About This Chapter

Before installing the BTS3900 antenna system, you need to arrange for auxiliary facilities suchas the tower, antenna support, and feeder window as required by the scenario.

7.1 Requirements for the TowerThis describes the requirements for a telecommunication tower.

7.2 Installing the Antenna Support on the TowerThis describes how to install the antenna support on the tower. The following takes a specificantenna support as an example.

7.3 Installing the Antenna Support on the RooftopThis describes how to install the antenna support on the rooftop. The following text providesthree scenarios for installation of the antenna support on the rooftop.

7.4 Installing the Feeder WindowFeeders are led into the equipment room from outdoors through the feeder window. There aretwo types of feeder window: 12-hole window and 27-hole window. The 12-hole window iscommonly used.


7 Arranging for Auxiliary Facilities of the BTS3900 AntennaSystem


7-1

7.1 Requirements for the TowerThis describes the requirements for a telecommunication tower.

Figure 7-1 shows a telecommunication tower.

Figure 7-1 Telecommunication tower

Table 7-1 lists the requirements for the tower.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Table 7-1 Requirements for the tower

ConstructionRequirements

LoadRequirements

MaintenanceRequirements

LightningProtectionRequirements

OtherRequirements

l If the RRU isto beinstalled, thetower mustbe located ina properplace so thatthe distancebetween theRRU and theBBU is notlonger than100 m aftertheinstallation.

l If the RRU isto beinstalled, thetower musthave a metalpole wherethe RRU canbe installed.

l The height ofthe towerdepends onthe specificrequirementsof the BTS.

l Typically, thetower has anoperatingplatform ofone to threelayers. Theminimumload capacityof theplatformshould be 150kg/m2.

l For the loadcapacity ofthe tower, thetower shouldcarry 27directionalantennas and27 7/8-inchfeeders; eachantennashould weigh30 kg with thefront facearea of 0.5mm2; thefeeder shouldbe 0.49 kg/mwith thediameter 28mm.

l A cablingrack shouldbe installedon the tower.The cablingrack can atleast bear theweight of anordinaryhuman.

l Typically, thetower has anoperatingplatform ofone to threelayers with around orhexagonstructure. Ifroundstructure isused, theminimumdiameter ofthe platformshould be 4 mand the spacebetween twolayers shouldbe 6 m. Guardrails shouldbe installed atthe platformedge, whichshould be 1 min height.

l A laddershould beinstalledalong thetower formaintenance.Thereinforcedangle steelshould beinstalled forthe feedersevery 1 m onboth sides ofthe ladder,and the anglesteel shouldextend 0.5 mout of theladder oneach side.

l A lightningarrestershould beinstalled onthe tower.The lightningarrestershould be 8 mhigher thanthe upper-layerplatform toensure that allthe antennasare under thecoverage ofthe lightningarrester.

l The towermust beequippedwith thelightningprotectionsystem thatcan preventboth directlightningstrikes andinductinglightningstrikes.

l Solar-poweredlamps shouldbe used on thetower.– Power

cableswith metaljacketsshould beused forbeaconsthat use

l In a 30-year-return-periodwind, themaximumaxial wobbleand torsion ofthe towerbody shouldbe within±1°.

l In case of anearthquake,the towershould bedevoid of anydistortionthat affectsthe quality ofcommunication. Theearthquakeintensitydesigned forthe towershould be onedegree higherthan thatstipulated inlocalregulations.




7-3

ConstructionRequirements

LoadRequirements

MaintenanceRequirements

LightningProtectionRequirements

OtherRequirements

AC power.Ensurethat themetaljackets aregroundedat the topof thetower andat the entryto theequipmentroom.

– At theentry to theequipmentroom, thelightningarrestersmust beinstalledon thecontrolcable ofthe towerlamps andon everyphase wireof thepowercables.Theneutralwires mustbe directlygrounded.

7.2 Installing the Antenna Support on the TowerThis describes how to install the antenna support on the tower. The following takes a specificantenna support as an example.

ContextWhen installing the antenna support on the tower, adhere to the following principles:




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

l The installation plane of the antenna support should be perpendicular to the horizontalplane.

l The pole for the lightning arrester must be installed separately on the tower. The lightningarrester must be placed high enough to bring the protection areas of all the antennas below45°.

l The antenna support must be installed in the direction that does not affect the transmit/receive performance and tilt regulation of the antenna.

l A stiffener should be used to fasten the rotating lever. The expansion lever and the rotatinglever should be cut into proper lengths. The cross-section must be welded with a cover asa waterproofing measure.

l Dry and open welds are not allowed. The support should be made of galvanized steel andcoated with antirust paint.

Procedure

Step 1 Install a fixed pulley at the top of the tower. Use one or two lifting ropes to lift the support tothe tower through the fixed pulley. In addition, Use another rope to control the upward directionof the support.

Step 2 Determine the installation position of the support on the tower based on the engineeringdrawings.

Step 3 Extend the antenna support from the tower platform. Fasten the antenna support onto the towerusing a U-shaped fixing clip, including the connecting piece and U-shape bolt, as shown inFigure 7-2.

Figure 7-2 Installing the antenna support on the tower

(1) Tower (2) Connecting piece (3) U-shaped bolt

Step 4 Connect the guard rail on the tower platform with the connecting plate by using M12x45 boltsor by welding.

Step 5 Figure 7-3 shows an antenna support that is installed on the tower.




7-5

Figure 7-3 Structure of the antenna support (unit: mm)

(1) M12x220 bolt (2) Connection base plate (3) M12x45 bolt (4) Dead lever

(5) Rotating lever (6) Stiffener (7) Expansion lever

----End

7.3 Installing the Antenna Support on the RooftopThis describes how to install the antenna support on the rooftop. The following text providesthree scenarios for installation of the antenna support on the rooftop.

ContextWhen installing the antenna support on the rooftop, adhere to the following principles:

l The connecting pieces for the stiffener should be installed in the positions where theregulation of the antenna orientation and tilt is not affected.

l The antenna support must be perpendicular to the horizontal plane.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

l When a directional antenna is installed on the rooftop, a lightning arrester must be installedonto the antenna support, and the antenna support must be connected to the grounding gridof the building.

l When an omni-directional antenna is installed on the rooftop, a lightning arrester must beinstalled onto a separate support.

l If a lightning arrester is installed onto the support of the omni-directional antenna, the omni-directional antenna must be extended from the support for 1 to 1.5 m.

l All the welding joints of the antenna support must be coated with anti-rusting paint. Thewelding joints must be secure and there must be no dry or open joints.

Procedurel Install the antenna support directly on the rooftop.

1. According to the engineering design, determine the installation position of the antennasupport.

2. Weld the lightning arrester to the main supporting post of the antenna (with theircenterlines aligned).

3. Use eight M10x45 expansion bolts to fasten the support base vertically to the rooftop,as shown in Figure 7-4.

Figure 7-4 Antenna support base vertically fixed to the rooftop

(1) M10x50 hex bolt (2)Stiffener connector (3) Support lever

(4) Antenna support base (5) M10x45 expansion bolt

4. Use the stiffener connector to connect the stiffener to the support lever, and use twoM10x45 expansion bolts to fix each base anchor of the stiffener to the stiffener, asshown in Figure 7-5.

NOTE

The length of the stiffener depends on the length of the support lever.




7-7

5. Use six M10x80 expansion bolts to connect support lever 1 to support lever 2, asshown in Figure 7-5.

Figure 7-5 Structure of the antenna support directly installed on the rooftop

(1) Lightning rod (2) Welding point (3) Support lever 1 (4) M10x80 expansion bolt

(5) Stiffener (6) Support lever 2 (7) Antenna support base (8) Base anchor of the stiffener

6. If the antenna support on the rooftop is not welded with the outdoor cable rack, or theantenna support is welded with the cable rack but not connected to the grounding gridof the building, use a lightning connecting piece to connect the support base to thegrounding grid of the building. The lightning connecting piece is an installation partof the outdoor cable rack.

7. Coat all the welded parts and the support base with antirust paint.8. Use concrete to cover the antenna support base, the base anchors of the stiffener, and

the expansion bolts fixing the antenna support to the rooftop.l Install the antenna support on the wall (higher than 1200 mm) on the rooftop.

1. According to the engineering design, determine the installation position of the antennasupport on the wall.

2. Install the expansion bolts and fixing clips onto the wall, as shown in Figure 7-6.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 7-6 Installing the fixing clip of the antenna support onto the wall

(1) M12x120 expansion bolt (2) V-shaped connecting piece (3) 180° connecting piece

(4) M12x140 expansion bolt (5) M12 nut

3. Use expansion bolts and fixing clips to fix the two points of the antenna support tothe wall, as shown in Figure 7-7.

Figure 7-7 Antenna support fixed to the wall (higher than 1200 mm)

4. If the antenna support on the rooftop is not welded with the outdoor cable rack, or theantenna support is welded with the cable rack but not connected to the grounding grid




7-9

of the building, use a lightning connecting piece to connect the support base to thegrounding grid of the building. The lightning connecting piece is an installation partof the outdoor cable rack.

5. Coat all the welded parts and the support base with antirust paint.l Install the antenna support on the wall (lower than 1200 mm) on the rooftop.

1. According to the engineering design, determine the installation position of the antennasupport on the wall.

2. Install the expansion bolts and fixing clips onto the wall by referring to Step 2.3. Use expansion bolts and fixing clips to fix one point of the main supporting post to

the wall, as shown in Figure 7-8.4. Fix the other point of the main supporting post to the rooftop, as shown in Figure

7-8.

Figure 7-8 Antenna support fixed to the wall (lower than 1200 mm)

5. If the antenna support on the rooftop is not welded with the outdoor cable rack, or the

antenna support is welded with the cable rack but not connected to the grounding gridof the building, use a lightning connecting piece to connect the support base to thegrounding grid of the building. The lightning connecting piece is an installation partof the outdoor cable rack.

6. Coat all the welded parts and the support base with antirust paint.

----End




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

7.4 Installing the Feeder WindowFeeders are led into the equipment room from outdoors through the feeder window. There aretwo types of feeder window: 12-hole window and 27-hole window. The 12-hole window iscommonly used.

ContextNOTE

The following description is based on the installation of feeders through the 12-hole feeder window.

Figure 7-9 and Figure 7-10 show the dimensions and the structure of the 12-hole feeder windowrespectively.

Figure 7-9 Dimensions of the 12-hole feeder window (unit: mm)




7-11

Figure 7-10 Structure of 12-hole feeder window

(1) Encapsulating gasket (2) Sealing sleeve (3) Steel hoop (4) Window plate

When installing the feeders through the feeder window, adhere to the following principles:

l The feeder window should be installed as near to the cabling rack as possible.

l The feeder window should be installed interior or exterior wall, but the side with steel hoopsshould face outdoors.

l If feeders are led into the room from the rooftop, the feeder window should be installed onthe rooftop and the side with steel hoops should face outdoors.

Procedure

Step 1 Determine an installation position on the wall for the feeder window in compliance with theengineering design and the size of the feeder window, and mark anchor points for the expansionbolts.

Step 2 Drill a hole on the wall for the feeder window and eight holes around the opening for expansionbolts, as shown in Figure 7-11.




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Figure 7-11 Holes for securing the feeder window (unit: mm)

Step 3 Use expansion bolts to secure the window plate, as shown in Figure 7-12.




7-13

Figure 7-12 Installing the feeder window

(1) Expansion bolt M8 x 80 (2) Window plate

NOTE

Install the encapsulating gaskets and sealing sleeves when the feeders are led into the equipment room.

----End




Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

8 Requirements for Cables of the BTS

About This Chapter

This describes the requirements for the cables of the BTS. The cables of the BTS such as thepower cable, signal cable, and grounding cable should meet the requirements for materials,cabling specifications, and configuration of auxiliary devices.

8.1 Requirements for Cable Materials and Auxiliary Devices of the BTSThis describes the requirements for the cable materials and auxiliary devices of the BTS. Thepower cables, PGND cables, and transmission cables are generally delivered with the BTS. Ifyou are arranging for these cables yourself, the cables should meet the requirements.

8.2 Cabling SpecificationsThe power cables and signal cables must be routed according to certain specifications to avoidelectromagnetic interference.

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines 8 Requirements for Cables of the BTS


8-1

8.1 Requirements for Cable Materials and Auxiliary Devicesof the BTS

This describes the requirements for the cable materials and auxiliary devices of the BTS. Thepower cables, PGND cables, and transmission cables are generally delivered with the BTS. Ifyou are arranging for these cables yourself, the cables should meet the requirements.

l The PGND cable should be an insulated and copper-based one with green and yellow colors.

l Do not add connectors, fuses, or switches between both ends of a PGND cable.

l The grounding terminals must be processed with anti-corrosion and antirust measures. Thejunctions of the PGND terminals should be secured.

l The maximum distance between the BTS and the grounding bar should be less than 30 m.Ensure that the distance is minimized. If the distance is longer than 30 m, reinstall thegrounding bar nearby.

8.2 Cabling SpecificationsThe power cables and signal cables must be routed according to certain specifications to avoidelectromagnetic interference.

Requirements for Cables of General UseThe bending radius of the cables must meet the following requirements:

l Bending radius of the feeder: 7/8-inch feeder > 250 mm; 5/4-inch feeder > 380 mm

l Bending radius of the jumper: 1/4-inch jumper > 35 mm; 1/2-inch jumper (soft) > 50 mm;1/2-inch jumper (common) > 127 mm.

l The bending radius of the power cable or PGND cable must be at least five times thediameter of the cable.

l The bending radius of the optical cable must be at least 20 times the diameter of the opticalcable.

l The bending radius of the E1/T1 cable must be at least five times the diameter of the cable.

l The bending radius of the signal cable must be at least five times the diameter of the cable.

The requirements for binding the cables are as follows:

l Cables of different types must be routed separately. The cables cannot be coiled.

l The cables should be bound tightly and neatly. The jackets of the cables should not bedamaged.

l The cable ties should be horizontal and should face the same direction. The surplus lengthof the cable ties should be cut off.

l Labels or nameplates must be attached or bound to the installed cables.

The requirements for routing the cables are as follows:

l Cables of different types must be routed separately.

l Cables of different types cannot be cross-routed.

8 Requirements for Cables of the BTSBTS3900 GSM



Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

l Cables of different types should be routed in parallel or be separated by special objects.

Requirements for Routing Cables for Specific Use

The requirements for routing the power cables are as follows:

l The -48 V power cable and the DC grounding cable should be bound together.

l The power cables must be routed separately from the other cables.

l Bind the power cables before they are routed.

l Power cables should be routed according to the engineering design.

l If the length of the power cable is not sufficient, replace it with a longer cable. Do not addor solder a connector to the new cable.

The requirements for routing the PGND cables are as follows:

l The PGND cables and DC grounding cables must be connected to the same groundingbody.

l The PGND cable must be buried in the ground or routed indoors. The PGND cable cannotbe routed overhead outdoors before it is routed into the equipment room.

l The external conductor of the coaxial cable and both ends of the shielding layer on theshielding cable must be in proper electrical contact with the outer surface of the metalliccasing of the connected equipment.

l The grounding lead-in and the signal cable cannot be bound together or coiled. A certaindistance should be reserved between them to avoid mutual interference.

l Do not add switches or fuse boxes to the PGND cable.

l Other devices cannot be included in the electrical connection of the grounding cables.

l All the accessible conductive metallic parts in the housing of the equipment must besecurely connected to the protection grounding terminal.

The requirements for routing the E1 cables are as follows:

l The E1 cables cannot be cross-routed with the power cables, PGND cables, or RF cables.If the transmission cables are routed in parallel with the power cables, PGND cables, orRF cables, the space between the cables of different types must be more than 30 mm.

l The E1 cables should be tightly bound with cable ties and neatly routed.

l The E1 cables should be slack at the bends.

The requirements for routing the optical cables are as follows:

l The optical cable should not be stretched roughly or stepped on. Heavy objects should notbe placed on the cable. In addition, the cable should be kept away from sharp objects toavoid damage.

l Extra optical cables should be coiled on the special device such as fiber coiler.

l Moderate force should be used to coil the optical cable. Do not bend the cable forcibly.

l The optical connector not in use must be covered with a dustproof cap.

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines 8 Requirements for Cables of the BTS


8-3

9 Checklist for BTS3900 Site Preparations

This provides the checklist for site preparations. The checklist for BTS3900 site preparationscovers the site location, power supply, grounding system, antenna system, and transmissionsystem.

Checking the SiteTable 9-1 describes the requirements for and methods of checking the site.

Table 9-1 Checklist for the site

Check Item Requirements and Methods

Site The site should not be located in an environment with high temperature,harmful gas, flammable or explosive gas, unstable power voltage, or strongelectromagnetic interference such as high-power radar station, transmitstation, and electric substation.

The site should be far away from pollution sources and the places that havefrequent quakes or strong noise.At the engineering design phase, you should select a proper site. Siteselection is subject to the technical requirements for network planning andtelecommunication equipment. In addition, factors such as hydrographic,geological, seismic, power supply, and transportation must be considered.

Do not select a place near the sea.The cabinet should be placed at least 500 m away from the seaside.

The site should be located away from stagnant water.The BTS3900 should be installed on a high place.

Checking the Power SupplyTable 9-2 describes the requirements for and methods of checking the power supply.

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines 9 Checklist for BTS3900 Site Preparations


9-1

Table 9-2 Checklist for the power supply


DC input power l The DC input power is ready for use.

l If the -48 V DC is used, the input voltage must range from -38.4V to -57 V. If the +24 V DC is used, the input voltage must rangefrom +19 V and +29 V.

DC grounding The working ground of the DC power cabinet in the equipment roomis directly connected to the protection ground of the room.

AC grounding The equipotential cable cannot be connected to any protectiongrounding bar of any equipment.

Checking the Grounding SystemTable 9-3 describes the requirements for and methods of checking the grounding system.

Table 9-3 Checklist for the grounding system


Main grounding bar andsub-grounding bars

Keep the grounding bar and the copper cable at a short distance(usually < 30 m), and use thick PGND cables.

Grounding Resistance The grounding resistance is subject to the standard or regulationstipulated by the respective country or operator. Huaweirecommends that the grounding resistance of the cabinet besmaller than 10 ohms.

Grounding cable Route the grounding cable into the DC PDF or the junction box.

Equipotential GND cable All the PGND cables of the site should be finally connected toa grounding bar.

Feeder grounding The feeder is provided with grounding clips. These groundingclips are grounded and spaced from each other at a distance of20 m.

Checking the Antenna SystemTable 9-4 describes the requirements for and methods of checking the antenna system.

NOTEThe antenna system is installed on the tower or on the metal pole depending on the installation environment.Select an installation mode according to the actual conditions.

9 Checklist for BTS3900 Site PreparationsBTS3900 GSM



Issue 03 (2008-07-15)

Table 9-4 Checklist for the antenna system


Tower The tower is ready for use and should meetthe requirement for azimuth of the antenna.

Antenna support and metal pole The requirements for the antenna, loadcapacity, and wind load are met.

Outdoor cable ladder The outdoor cable ladder is ready for use.

The cable ladder on the tower should besuitable for routing cables.

The cable rack should meet the requirements.

Outdoor cable rack The outdoor cable rack should be installed.

The outdoor cable rack should be wellgrounded.

Antenna support The antenna support should be securelyinstalled.

Checking the Transmission SystemTable 9-5 describes the requirements for and methods of checking the transmission system.

Table 9-5 Checklist for the transmission access


Trunk cable Do not route the trunk cables overhead outside the equipmentroom. If the trunk cables have to be routed overhead outdoors,the trunk cables should be covered with double shielding layersor metal jackets that are reliably connected to grounding bars.

DDF The external optical cables should be connected to the DDF.

Transmission system The transmission system is successfully commissioned and meetsthe engineering requirements.

Bending radius of theoptical cable

The bending radius of the cable should be 20 times greater thanthe diameter of the cable.

BTS3900 GSMSite Preparation Guidelines 9 Checklist for BTS3900 Site Preparations


9-3

Bts3900 gsm site preparation guidelines (v300 r008-03)

Education

Transcript of Bts3900 gsm site preparation guidelines (v300 r008-03)