BLD60403 BUILDING SERVICES 1

T ELECOMMUNICATION SERVICE FOR HIGH RISE BUILDING

no Name ID1 Ong chia hong 03184582 Boon Yi Chung 03183003 Chan Tian Ji 03208314 Tan Ken Ric 03186315 Deong Khai Keat 0320055

Table of content

No Content Page Number

1. Introduction 3

2. Installation process 4-6

3. Application

-General requirement for a telecom system

-Safety precaution taken in telecommunication

7-9

4. Management system 10

5. Pathway (Containment System) 11

6. The advantages and Disadvantages

-Telecommuting

-Optical Fiber Cable

12-14

7. Case study:

-Introduction

-Telecommunication Infrastructure Design

-Summary

15-19

8. Possible problems to the system 20

9. Recommendations for future improvement 21

10. Learning from the group work project 22

11. References 23

3

Introduction

This report is a summarized research of the assigned topic ‘Telecommunication

Service for High Rise Building’. Telecommunication is a global term that indicates to

the exchange of information through electronic and electrical means over a

significant distance. Another term for telecommunications is telecom.

Telecommunication means communication over a long distance by using different

channels such as telephone, radio, fax, wireless network and etc. Initial

telecommunication transmissions used analog signals, which were transmitted over

copper wires. In todays’ modern world, telephone and cable companies are still using

these same lines, though majority of transmissions are now digital. Because of this,

current telecommunications wiring is executed with cables that are optimized for

digital communication, such as the fiber-optic cable and digital phone lines.

Besides, communication signals usually are analog signals and digital signals.

Analog modulation which is used in radio broadcasting is an amplitude modulation.

As both the analog and digital communications depends on electrical signals,

transmitted data is obtained almost instantaneously, regardless of the distance. This

will allow users to quickly communicate with others across the street or across the

globe.

4

Installation Process

The Main Distribution Frame (MDF) is a signal distribution frame for connecting

equipment (inside plant) to cables and subscriber carrier equipment (outside plant)

and it is located in the Telecommunication Room (TR) the interface between the

exchange and the subscriber network is used for termination and cross-connection of

cable, and for over-voltage and over current protection of individual lines and

distribution cables of suitable sizes are taken from MDF and its distributed through

MDF to equipment within local exchange. Through Fiber Termination Box (FTB) is

referred as the fiber termination point at the Telecommunication Room (TR)

Riser system is part of the building vertical internal telecom/network infrastructure

and typically starts at the MPOE (minimum point of entry) for the Multi Dwelling Unit

(MDU). Fiber Termination Box acts as the connection point between the Network

Facility Provider’s fibers and the in-building fiber cable. It also acts as the distribution

point for in-building cabling and riser is to allow the installation of telecom cables from

the main telecom room to the floor telecom closets (Riser closet). For high rise

building, exceeding 30 floors, a FTC must be selected for every 10 floors while Riser

closet is install on each floor. Multicore fiber cable must be installed in a mini Optical

Distribution Frame (ODF) inside the floor telecom closet, where the number of fiber

core will depend in the number of units in each served floor. 2 unit should be

considered as the basic foundation of multi-core fiber calculation.

Lastly, trunking will be used to protect the optical cable from harm.

5

Figure 1: Diagram with separate MTR and FTC

Figure 2: Main Telecom Room (MTR)

6

Figure 3: Fibre Terminal Box

Figure 4: Riser closet and Trunking

7

Application

The typical requirement for high-rise buildings is to provide the needed capacity to

the people working/living inside the building, whereby most of these people demand

for a high-speed service. With the rapid pace of technology change and adoption, it is

critical that updates to your network are accurately reflected to facilitate planning,

improve inventory control and enhance network up-time to meet up the growing

demand for the tenants at work, home, in business.

Application of telecommunication services in high-rise building shall be well planned,

up-to date, suitable for the building. With better system, we can manage the

network’s system capacity information, the location of system connection,

maintenance histories, upgrades and much more to receive a better and a more

satisfactory product.

8

General specification

Telecommunication room

A number of telecom rooms will be require in a building and it is depend on its

characteristics. The room type are:

- Main telecom room

- Mobile service room

- Rooftop mobile service room

- Floor telecom closet

In high-rise building, buildings the telecom rooms should be vertically alight and

linked by a share pathway system and must not reduce the minimum space

requested space and all entrances must not be smaller than 900mm x 2100mm.

Telecom rooms must not be in close proximity to any source of the following:

- Heat

- Moisture

- High voltages

- Radio frequency interference

- Electro-magnetic interference

Telecom rooms must not be directly beneath or next to wet area such as:

- Showers

- Washrooms

- Garbage area.

Telecom rooms free from unrelated item such as:

- Utility pipes

- Sprinkler systems

- Windows

9

Safety and other considerations taken in telecommunication spaces:

Should be fitted with smoke detectors connect to the building management

system.

Should be fitted with emergency lighting.

Pathway opening to telecom spaces must be sealed with a regulation fire

retardant material

All doors to telecom rooms must be a of solid wood core or steel construction,

fire retardant with a minimum rating of 2 hours

All doors to telecom rooms must be outward opening with an automatic door

closer system fitted on a hinged edge

All doors must be labeled

The rooms must be free from contaminate and pollutants.

All telecom rooms should have basic firefighting provision of hand-held

extinguishers

All telecom rooms must be maintained at 20 ‘c and the relative humidity at 50%.

However, for the floor telecom closed can be maintained within 20’c to 30’c

Telecom rooms must be secured from unauthorised entry but easily accessible

24 hours a day for any authority in-charged.

10

Management System

With the rapid pace of technological change and adoption, it is critical that updates to

your network are accurately reflected to facilitate planning, improve inventory control,

and enhance network up-time. The Telecommunications system & Cable

Management application now can manage the network’s system capacity

information, the location of system connections, maintenance histories, upgrades,

and much more. This indispensable solution does everything from simplifying trouble-

shooting to eliminating communication discontinuities during the move/add/change

process so you gain more control over your network instead of letting it control you.

Hence, in order to provide a satisfactory that comes to meet the uses’ demand, all

the telecom spaces, pathways and cabling system shall be ensured to meet the code

of standards and up-to-date system.

Telecommunication spaces and pathways

A number of different types of telecom rooms are usually provided in a multiple-

dwelling unit(MDU) for high-rise building, such as main telecom room (MTR), mobile

services room, floor telecom closet (FTC), riser closet and etc. All specification shall

be meet as shown below ;-

11

Pathways (Containment systems)

Requirement applied to containment systems:

Must be designed so that installed cables do not exceed the minimum specified

bend radius

All metal containment parts must be free from sharp edges and earth bonded

Telecom riser opening must be sealed with a suitable fire retardant material

Cable trays must be easily accessible in common areas to facilitate any future

provision of additional cables.

Any cable trays that are in areas accessible to the public and less than 4.8m

above the floor must be covered.

Containment system must not run through areas exposed to excessive heat,

moisture, corrosive atmospheric or environment conditions, high voltages, radio

frequency interference or electro-magnetic interference

All telecom spaces and pathway must be pest controlled using best available

practices. It should be noted that rodents often gnaw cables resulting in damages

and the potential for services disruption. Hence, special attention should be give to

preventing rodents from entering telecom spaces and pathway by installation of

covers to cable trays. As for the wall that begin used, must be painted and treated

with anti-dust and anti-static coating to minimize dust and static electricity.

For the old and new equipment or circuits, must be properly labeled, maintained

appropriately and clean up for non-used or abandoned cabling infrastructure.

12

Advantage s and Disadvantages

Telecommunication

Telecommuting is known as e-commuting or e-work, in term used when individuals

take advantage of the many technological advances to work from anywhere they

desire, giving themselves flexibility in their hours and work location. Telecommuting

seems to be mainly driven by a change in management attitudes, improvement in

technology, savings in office costs and the demand from the staff.

Advantage s of telecommuting

Flexibility in work location and time

In the majority of the current household, it is hard for two people who both have full-

time job to balance their profession and private life, especially while they have

children. In order to balance their combination of a private and professional life,

telecommuting is a useful way of working that one gets more autonomy on his or her

distribution of time.

Reduction of traveling costs and time

Telecommuting solve the cost and waste of time due to traveling to and from a place.

Working at home eliminates the expensive fuel costs and the time one would lose by

travel to a workplace. Not only these direct benefit like saving time and costs are

important, working at home can less the frustrations in traffic and one is able to use

the time wisely.

Disadvantage s of telecommuting

Isolation

The difference between working at home and working at an office is the presence of

colleagues. The fact that someone works all alone throughout a day, could affects it

performance. The lack of having colleagues around could affect the quality of their

work in a negative way.

13

Security risk

The fact that an employee works at home, mean that important documents with

information can be accessible from home. For an organization this gives the risk that

confidential documents could be stolen physically or through hacking without the

protection of organization security software.

Optical Fiber Cable

Originally, copper was used as the wire for telephone line or cable wire. It was shortly

replaced by fiber optics due to higher bandwidth over longer distance which give

better coverage. Fiber optics is the technique of light transmission through fibers of

glass which results in the transmitting of data. In other words, fiber optic cables carry

information between two places using entirely light-based technology.

Advantage s of optical fiber cable

Bandwidth

Optical fiber cables have much greater bandwidth than metal cables, The amount of

information that can be transmitted is faster than other transmission. With the high

performance single mode cable used for long distance telecommunication, the

bandwidth surpasses the needs of today’s application

Low Power Loss

Optical fiber offer low power loss. This allow for longer transmission. In comparison,

longest distance for copper is 100m while with fiber is 2000m

Interference

Optical fiber cable are immune to electromagnetic interference. It can also be run in

electrically noisy environment without concern as electrical noise will not affect fiber

14

Security

Optical fiber are difficult to tap. As they do not radiate electromagnetic energy,

emission cannot be intercepted. As physically tapping the fiber takes great skill to do

undetected, fiber is the most secure medium available for carrying sensitive data

Disadvantage s of Optical fiber cable

Cost

Even thought fiber cables cheaper than copper, it is still relatively are expensive to

install. As optical fiber is expanding beyond its original realm and major application in

the carrier backbone and is moving into the local loop, and through technologies

such as FTTx (Fiber to the Home, Premises, etc.) and PONs (Passive Optical

Networks), enabling subscriber and end user broadband access.

Susceptibility to Physical Damages

Fiber is a small and compact cable, and it is highly susceptible to becoming cut or

damage during installation or construction activities. Because railroads often provide

rights-of-way for fiber optic installation. Railroad car derailments pose a significant

cable damage threat, and these event can disrupt service to large group of people.

Because of this, when fiber optic cabling is chosen as the transmission medium, it is

necessary to address restoration and backup.

Fragile, Careful, Special equipment

Fiber can be broken or have transmission loses when wrapped around curves of only

a few centimeters radius. However by encasing fiber in a plastic sheath, it is difficult

to bend the cable into a small enough radius to break the fiber

15

Upper East@Tiger Lane

16

Case study

Introduction

The case study we chose is Upper East@Tiger Lane. This buildings is a luxury

apartment which located at the Kenny Hills in Ipoh. This apartment will be the best

luxury apartment in Perak.Upper East@Tiger Lane consist of a total 5 blocks

comprising 529 units in total. The size of an apartment consist of 1,162 square feet

for small family,1,507 square feet dual-key units for extended family and 1,787

square feet duplex for bigger family.

The reason why we chose Upper East@Tiger Lane as our case study is

because the developer which is EcoFirst Consolidated Berhad had put the

telecommunication problem as one of their main focus in this project. The managing

director Datuk Seri Dr Vincent Tiew signed a contract with the lifestyle

communication provider, XcessCommHSBB Sdn Bhd worth RM 5 million on security

system and high-speed broadband service at Upper East.Off the amount, RM 2

million is used to put in 4 km of fibre optic cables and other infrastructure for high

speed broadband that can go up to 100Mbps. All units will have 10Mbps speed

connection ready and free of charge for the first two years. Residents also have

another option which is to increase the speed connection to 100Mbps at a cheaper

price. The residents are very lucky to have a developer that willing to spend money

on telecommunication technology. This action already ensure the residents from

future expansion for the next 15 years.

Besides the system above, Upper East also have Fibre Based HD SMARTV

System can be defined as Satellite Master Antenna Television System to distribute

the television program to individual households of the building by fibre optic cable.

Visitor Management System also applied to keep track of visitors entering and exiting

the premises. Access Control System is use to allow flow of authorised people in

premises or deny unauthorised visitors. Last but not least, there are also CCTV

Surveillance covers every lobby floor and lift with 30 days real time recording to

ensure high level of security within the apartment.

17

Telecommunication Infrastructure Design

PROJECT:

FIBER TO HOME (EXTRA LOW VOLTAGE SERVICES)

OVERVIEW

Identifying the process of obtaining high-speed broadband via fiber to home. We will be covering the route of the system and the pros and cons of this system comparing to the conventional systems. We will also suggest future improvements to better enhance this network.

WHAT IS FIBER TO HOME?

Fiber to home is a service provided by various operators such as Telecom Malaysia, Maxis, Time.com to name a few. This service provides high speed broadband to cater for our ever-growing need for fast internet.

The entire network consist of infrastructure works such as trenching, horizontal drilling and also aerial cabling works and underground cabling works. Upon reaching to the designated building, the extra low voltage (ELV) services takes over to provide the service to individual homes.

18

ROUTE OF FIBER TO HOME

Refer to the process and diagram below.

PROS AND CONS VS THE CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM

We will be comparing ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) and Fiber to Home (FTTH).

Here is a comparison table for the 2 systems

Items FTTH ADSLTransmission Optical fiber Existing telephone linesSpeed 300Mbits/s 8Mbits/sInfrastructure Requires infrastructure works Not required, using existing phone

lines

19

FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS AND IMPROVEMENTS

In recent case studies, upcoming research as shown that there will be future improvements to further increase the speed of the data downloads. With the current network only using point to point access, there are researches that will look into, to name a few:

Next-generation medium access control (MAC) algorithms and protocols Architectures/technologies offering sustainable ultrahigh bit rate per user Energy efficiency issues Protection/restoration issues Hybrid/converged wireline/wireless access network architectures Graceful evolution of legacy PONs to next-generation (NG)-PONs

SUMMARY

To further cater for the demands of high speed internet, telecommunication operators are always in the race of improving the network as residential and commercial buildings are now required to provide high speed internet systems to home.

20

Possible problem for the system

- Heat and power problems (release high heat cause of high voltage of electric

energy is consumed)

- -Replacement values ( the cost of equipment )

- -Property damage (hot weather = high temperature is it enemy)

- Business interruption ( an error can cause a loss of a company )

- Cooling (needed to cool the equipment)

21

Recommendation for future improvement

Telecommunication has been upgraded greatly for the past 50 years. From

researches and analysis of digital electronics and semiconductors in the

telecommunication industry, analog representations of voice and images have been

substituted by digital representations.

Reducing weather impacts

In times there has been external weather relating impacts to the building systems

and caused huge losses to the company. One solution for this is to prevent or reduce

the impact coming from the weather. One example would be a new flood protection

standard and it should be constructed on new and existing buildings especially if the

area has a high rate of big rains or flood possibilities.

Utilising and managing the building space

One method of having the most of a building space is to organise it oftenly and also

maintain it regularly. This doesn't just saves time but costs as well sometimes, a

minor damage to the system could cost the company a huge sum of money. Another

way of easy organising is by purchasing MasterFormat as it helps to organize project

manuals and detailed cost informations and also to relate drawing notations to

specifications. MasterFormat is the master list of tiles and numbers used to organize

specifications and other project informations. This helps the owner to manage their

requirements, deadlines and budgets better.

22

What we learn from this group project

The world we live in is advancing faster than we can possibly catch up, but keeping

on track is as good. These technologies is a huge part of our lives and we can't run

away from it to be successful. Digital technology that intergrates transmission,

switching, processing and retrieval of information allows us to merge to various

service modes into an intergrated whole.

As we allow telecommunication to be a part of our daily lives, the systems should be

reliable, consistent and secure as the quality is also very important to some people.

The system provided should be up to par with the standards required.

The efficiency of telecommunication services is very important where as in a (MDU) it

requires a professional to cautiously plan the accomodation of the system in order

satisfy the needs of consumer in each premises. The types of cabling systems plays

a huge role in the efficiency and performance of the system. The better the quality,

the better the performance. Sometimes when things goes wrong it takes a good

management systrem to repair of fix the system or also enhance the performance of

the system. Its always better to prevent than cure so the management systems would

prolong the lifespan of the system thus it saves costs on repair work as well.

23

Reference and Bibliography

Du.ae.(n.d.). Building Infrastructure Guideline v.5

http://www.du.ae/docs/default-source/support-docs/building-infrastructure-guideline-

v-5.pdf?sfvrsn=0

ARCHIBUS. Telecommunication & Cable Management

http://archibus.com/index.cfm?

circuit=content_application&template_id=827&pagesection=Telecommunications

%20%26%20Cable%20Management&path=1.3.29.99&menu_id=99

UKESSAYS. The advantage and disadvantage of telecommunication

https://www.ukessays.com/essays/information-technology/the-advantages-and-

disadvantages-of-telecommunication-information-technology-essay.php

The advantage and disadvantage of fiber optic

https://hubtechinsider.wordpress.com/2009/06/04/the-advantages-and-

disadvantages-of-fiber-optics/

RHN Consulting. Riser management

http://rnhconsulting.net/services/riser-management/