Bryophytes
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Transcript of Bryophytes
BRYOPHYTES
Oldest land plants on earth and have been around for 400 million years or more
They do not have true vascular tissue and are therefore non-vascular plants
Do not have roots, but have rhizoids, which are relatively simple, sometimes multicellular filaments of thin-walled cells that extend from the photosynthetic tissue into the soil
BRYOPHYTES
Composed of haploid cells, containing only one set of chromosomes
Have a two-stage life cycle: gametophyte and sporophyte
There are about 2,000 species of bryophytes
Divided into three: moss, liverworts, and hornworts
BRYOPHYTES
MOSSESBryophyta
Small, soft plants that are usually 1-10 cm tall
Typically grow close together in moist or shady areas
Some mosses are found on rocks and in arid locations
Flowerless and seedless
MOSSES
LIVERWORTSHepaticophyta
Flowerless, spore-producing plant – with the spores producing in small capsules
Typically small; ranging from 2-20 mm wide with individual plants less than 10 cm long
Certain species may cover large patches of ground, rocks, trees, or any other reasonably firm substance on which they occur
LIVERWORTS
The most familiar liverworts consist of a prostrate, flattened, ribbon-like or branching structure called a thallus (plant body); these liverworts are termed thallose liverworts. However, most liverworts produce flattened stems with overlapping scales or leaves in two or more ranks, the middle rank is often conspicuously different from the outer ranks; these are called leafy liverworts or scale liverworts.
LIVERWORTS
LIVERWORTS
Thallose liverwort, Lunularia cruciata
LIVERWORTS
Leafy liverwort, Plagiochilla asplenioides
In ancient times, it was believed that it could cure diseases of the liver
Reduces erosion along streambanks
LIVERWORTS
HORNWORTSAnthocerophyta
a flowerless, spore-producing plant - with the spores typically produced in a tapering, horn-like or needle-like capsule which develops from a flattish, green sheet
Only 100 species identifies
HORNWORTS