Brushless DC motor drive apparatus
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Transcript of Brushless DC motor drive apparatus
United States Patent [19] Shinkawa et al.
US005780983A
5,780,983 Jul. 14, 1998
[11] Patent Number:
[45] Date of Patent:
[54] BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR DRIVE APPARATUS
[75] Inventors: Osamu Shinkawa; Akihito Uetake. both of Suwa. Japan
[73] Assignee: Seiko Epson Corporation. Tokyo. Japan
[21] Appl. No.: 623,347
[22] Filed: Mar. 27, 1996
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data
Man 15, 1994 [JP] Japan .................................... .. 6-44142 Mar. 31, 1995 [JP] Japan .. ..... .. 7-076711.
Jan. 10, 1996 [JP] Japan .................................. .. 8-002690
[51] Int. (:1.6 ...................................................... .. A02P 6/02
[52] U.S.Cl. ......................... .. 318/254;318/138; 318/439
[58] Field of Search ................................... .. 318/254. 138. 318/439
[56] References Cited
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
4,700,116 10/1987 4,712,050 12/1987 4,743,815 5/1988 4,928,043 5/1990 5,367,234 11/1994 5,486,743 l/ 1996 5,491 ,393 2/1996
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
“Wide Speed Control of Interior Permanent Magnet Syn chronous Motor” Shigeo Morimoto. et al.. lEE Japan. vol. l14-D. No. 6. 1994. (partial translation).
Primary Examiner-David S. Martin
Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Mark P. Watson
[57] ABSTRACT
A brushless DC motor drive apparatus according to the invention comprises a stator and a rotor, the stator including multi-phase armature windings which are connected in a star formation and generate a plurality of terminal voltages at respective terminals of the armature windings. and the rotor including a plurality of permanent magnets which form pairs of magnetic poles. The motor drive apparatus also includes an inverter coupled to the rotor for adjusting the speed of the rotor, a rotor position detection means for detecting the terminal voltages generated in the armature windings and for generating a position signal indicative of a magnetic pole position of the rotor. The rotor position detection means includes a line voltage generation means for generating line voltages corresponding to the terminal voltages of the arma ture windings and comparison means for comparing signals derived from the line voltages in predetermined combina tions and outputting comparison signals as the positional signal. The motor drive apparatus also includes a drive control means for controlling and driving the inverter according to the position signal generated by the rotor position detection means. the drive control means including PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) chopper control means for generating a PWM chopper control signal to control the inverter. The motor drive apparatus according to the present invention can always detect accurate rotor position without being affected by the rotational frequency or load of the brushless DC motor. Furthermore. the motor drive apparatus can easily expand the operational range of a brushless DC motor. particularly that of a brushless DC motor possessing an embedded magnet-type rotor structure. Additionally. the motor drive apparatus can easily and accurately operate a brushless DC motor according to its motor characteristics and control method.
24 Claims, 26 Drawing Sheets
80a
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US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 1 0f 26 5,780,983
-[>|- INVERTER
A
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INVERTER DRIVE CIRCUIT
I KTQ v (‘5 OUTPUT RoToR PATTERN POSITION
GENERATION T DETECTION CIRCUIT MEANS
I F10 PWM
11 — CONTROL
CIRCUIT
FIG._ 1 (PRIOR ART)
32 k
22
FIG. _2 (PRIOR ART)
US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 2 of 26 5,780,983
FIG._4 FIG._3
1.5 TORQUE N
30
LEAD ANGLE (deg)
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US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 3 of 26 5,780,983
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US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 4 of 26 5,780,983
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US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 5 0f 26 5,780,983
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US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 6 of 26 5,780,983
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5,780,983 Jul. 14, 1998
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US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 8 of 26 5,780,983
Vv-w (GAIN)
FIG._ 14
APPLICATION VOLTAGE
DETERMINATION MEANS
U.S. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 9 0f 26 5,780,983
FIG._ 16 FIG._ 15
s4
s3
S2
S1
TORQUE 2 _ N-m
10000 9000 7000 8000
REVOLUTION SPEED 6000
(mm)
FIG._ 17
US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 10 of 26 5,780,983
FIG._ 18 9° ' ' '
MOTOR EFFICIENCY 88 _
("/o) _ E1 _
s7 — -
86 I I l
20 30 4o
LEAD ANGLE (deg)
FIG._ 19
INVERTER EFFICIENCY
(%)
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20 30 4O LEAD ANGLE
(deg)
U.S. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 11 0f 26 5,780,983
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U.S. Patent Jul. 14, 1993 Sheet 13 0f 26 5,780,983
TORQUE 2 _ N-m
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REVOLUTION SPEED FIG._24 (rpm)
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FIG._28
US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 14 0f 26 5,780,983
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REVOLUTION SPEED
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US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 16 of 26 5,780,983
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US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 17 of 26 5,780,983
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US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 13 0f 26 5,780,983
S101\ MEASURE REVOLUTION SPEED FROM DETECTION SIGNAL P4
S102\ l SELECT PHASE SHIFT
BY REFERENCING TABLE BASED ON REVOLUTION SPEED
AND MOTOR CURRENT
S103\ I SET TIMER TIME
S104\ I. TIMER COUNT
IS TIME UP
?
S106\ YES
OUTPUT COMMUTATION
SIGNAL
FIG._30
US. Patent Jul. 14, 1998 Sheet 19 of 26 5,780,983
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