brts report.docx

7/25/2019 brts report.docx

1/20

BRTS

Graduate Report - 2015

Traffic and transportation planning

Bus Rapid Transit System

M. Tech. (Urban Planning), Semester I

Faculty d!is"r Submitted By

#r. $..%hauhan RI$I& PT'

(P*UP++)

Post Graduate Section in Urban Planning

%i!il 'ngineering #epartment

TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION 2015Page 1


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BRTS

%&T'&TS

.+ I&TR#U%TI&

-.+ #'FI&ITI& F BRTS.+ /ISTRI% #'0'PM'&T F BRTS

1.+ %/R%T'RISTI%S F T/' BRTS

*.+ B'&'FITS F BRTS

2.+ /M'#B# BRTS

3.+ %&%USI&

4.+ R'F'R'&%'S



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BRTS

.+ I&TR#U%TI&

Indias urban population is expected to increase fro 2!" illion in 2001 to 5#$ illion in 202"

%#!&'( )ur countr* +as to ipro,e its urban infrastructure to ac+ie,e obecti,es of econoic

de,elopent( .o/e,er ost of t+e cities in India +a,e inadeuate infrastructure( Urban

transport is one of t+e aor probles affecting t+e obilit* of people and econoic gro/t+ of

t+e urban areas(

T+e Polic* priaril* focuses on t+e obilit* of people and not t+e obilit* of ,e+icles( T+is /ill

reuire t+e public transportation s*ste to be ore attracti,e to use( T+e c+allenge for ipro,ed

bus transport is to pro,ide good ualit* ser,ice at an affordable price( It is iportant to e,aluate

alternati,e public transport tec+nologies in t+e context of cit* c+aracteristics( T+e public

transport options ,ar* bet/een lo/ cost buses to +ig+ cost rail etros( us Rapid Transit is a

relati,el* inexpensi,e ode and can be ipleented ore /idel*( In case of cost consideration

for construction of RTS approxiatel* about 5-20 3rores per 4 /+ereas in etropolitan rails

about 125 to 220 3rores per 46oreo,er t+e s+ape of a cit* is ,er* iportant for selecting t+e

appropriate ode of transport and capacit* building is a ,er* iportant factor in introducing and

ipleenting public transport s*ste(

Se,eral initiati,es +a,e been ta4en in India in t+is regard7 6an* cities +a,e prepared

3opre+ensi,e 6obilit* Plans and +a,e plans to introduce odern bus ser,ices us RapidTransit S*ste %RTS' is coing up in ele,en cities six cities are planning ne/ etro rail

s*stes(

Transp"rtati"n pr"blems "5 Indian metr"p"litan cities are listed bel"67

Unplanned +ap+a8ard de,elopent at t+e suburban fringes /it+out adeuate

infrastructure transport and ot+er public ser,ices( T+e spatial gro/t+ differentials of

6ega cities in India s+o/s t+at in case of angalore 9 gro/ing core and declining

perip+er* /+ereas in :el+i - declining core gro/ing perip+er* and rest of t+e four cities

suc+ as Greater 6ubai ;ol4ata 3+ennai and .*derabad s+o/s t+at declining core and

perip+er*



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BRTS

Probles associated /it+ ixed traffic conditions on urban streets of Indian etropolitan

cities are uniue( xtreel* congested roads /it+ an incopatible ix of bot+ otori8ed and non-

otori8ed ,e+icles tra,eling at /idel* different speeds

Rapidl* increasing o/ners+ip and use of pri,ate cars and otorc*cles

Inadeuate road/a* accoodations for buses and non-otori8ed transport

Priiti,e or non-existent traffic control and anageent often /it+out e,ent+e ost

basic street signage

>xtreel* +ig+ and rapidl* rising traffic fatalities especiall* aong

pedestriansandotorc*clists ?on-otori8ed transport road user accounting for "0 to

!0percent and 6otori8ed t/o @+eelers coprises approxiatel* A0 percent of all ,e+icles and constitute 20to #0

percent of fatalities

),ercro/ded uncofortable undependable slo/ uncoordinated Inefficientand

dangerous public transport

>xtreel* +ig+ le,els of transport-related pollution noise and ot+er

>n,ironental ipacts especiall* in t+e etropolitan cities(

-. #'FI&ITI& F BUS RPI# TR&SIT S7ST'M (BRTS)

T+ere is no precise definition of us Rapid Transit S*ste( @rig+t %2005' defines itas a Bbus-

based ass transit s*ste t+at deli,ers fast cofortable and costeffecti,e urban obilit*C( In

=e,inson et al( %200#' it is defined as Ba flexible rubber-tired rapid-transit ode t+at cobines

stations ,e+icles ser,ices running/a*s and Intelligent Transportation S*ste %ITS' eleents

into an integrated s*ste/it+ a strong positi,e identit* t+at e,o4es a uniue iageC(

T+e DRapid Transit /+ic+ describes a +ig+-capacit* transport s*ste /it+ its o/nrig+t-of-/a*

ipleented using buses t+roug+ infrastructural and sc+edulingipro,eents to pro,ide a +ig+

le,el of ser,ice( It incorporates ost of t+e +ig+-ualit*aspects of etropolitan s*stes /it+out

t+e +ig+ in,estents it usesa,ailable space on arterial roads of cities /it+ dedicated bus /a*s

and it utili8esodern tec+nologies for optii8ing flo/ passenger o,eent tic4eting



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BRTS

bussc+eduling and traffic signal priorit*( us Rapid Transit S*ste as an approac+ toPro,iding

superior transit ser,ice /it+ buses t+at integrate tec+nolog* an operatingplan %or ser,ice design'

and a custoer interface(

. /ISTRI% #'0'PM'&T F BUS RPI# TR&SIT S7ST'M

T+e first /ide scale de,elopent of t+e us Rapid Transits started in 3uritiba ra8il in 1EA$

alt+oug+ t+ere /ere se,eral saller scale proects prior to its de,elopent( Since t+en 3uritibas

experience +as inspired ot+er cities to de,elop siilar s*stes( In t+e 1EA0s de,elopent of

RTS /as liited to t+e ?ort+ and Sout+


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BRTS

cases tra,el tie reductions resulting fro t+e introduction of RT ser,ices +a,e

soeties exceeded $0&( Riders+ip increases +a,e also been reported deonstrating t+at RT can attract and retain

ne/ and e,en discretionar* riders( >,idence suggests t+at an* of t+e ne/ riders /ere

pre,iousl* otorists and t+at ipro,ed bus ser,ice results in ore freuent tra,el( T+e tra,el tie sa,ings associated /it+ buses operating on t+eir o/n rig+ts-of-/a* +a,e

also ac+ie,ed operating costs and safet* and en,ironentall* benefits( Hor exaple

3uritiba uses #0& less fuel per capita for transportation t+an ot+er aor ra8ilian cities(

T+is +as been attributed in part to t+e success of t+e RT s*ste( =i4e ot+er RT rapid rail transit odes RT stations can pro,ide a point for transit-

oriented de,elopent( If local go,ernents ipleent land use planning policies t+at

encourage de,elopent near RT facilities c+ances of success increase e,en ore(

3ofortable riding a,ailable to citi8en( T+ere /ill be great decrease in t+e rate of road accidents(

1. %/R%T'RISTI%S F T/' BRTS

P+*sicall* segregated bus /a*s

It eans separate lane is exclusi,el* dedicatedto us Rapid Transit S*ste( T+e edian

and t+e inner ost lane or t+e leftost lane can be dedicated to t+e bus( In case of edian lanes

bus stops orstations can be built in t+e edian to furt+er ipro,e t+e flo/

us Rapid Transits s*ste is on Dat grade le,el so build easier access andcofortable and

efficient +ig+ station platfors and s+elters( )nl* RTS buses+a,e access rapid boarding and

alig+ting disabilit* and user friendl*

3onstruction tie for us Rapid Transit S*ste is relati,el* s+ort( Planning andconstruction of

1! 4 span of RTS /ill ta4e 1 to # *ears and in case ofetropolitan areas it is about # to 5

*ears

>fficient fleet anageent and +ig+ passenger ,olues - in case of ogotJ%Trans 6ilena

P+ase 1K2a' about 1020000 passengers per da* and axiupea4 +our ,olue per direction is

about #5000 passengers per +our %including2K2 lanes'( @+ereas in 3uritiba about 5#0000



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BRTS

passengers per da* and axiupea4 +our ,olue per direction is about 1$000 passengers per

+our %1K1 lanes'(and

.ig+ coercial speeds of bus operations not/it+standing at-gradeintersections( T+e ain

reason for +ig+ speed is segregated bus /a*s fareprepa*ent +ig+ station platfors and express

ser,ices(


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BRTS

>xclusi,e tra,el /a*s reduce tra,el ties in general about 1(5 to 2 inutes per ile %.obertet al

200$'(


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BRTS

s*stes pro,ide a dedicated corridor for uic4er bus o,eents %coupled /it+ bus priorit*

signaling s*ste' and gi,e a segregated and safe corridor for pedestrians and non-otori8ed

transport li4e c*cles and c*cle ric4s+a/s(

2. /M'#B# BRTS

T+e Go,ernent of Guarat +ad declared 2005 t+e MNear of Urban :e,elopentD %S+a+eri i4as

ars+'( :uring t+is particular *ear t+e urban de,elopent departent undertoo4 ,arious

initiati,es to resol,e urban issues suc+ as traffic anageent and t+e introduction and

en+anceent of a cit* transport s*ste( T+e Guarat Infrastructure :e,elopent oard %GI:'

PT Uni,ersit* /as assigned t+e /or4 of t+e preparing of a :etailed Proect Report %:PR' for

t+e ipleentation of t+e RTS proect in


10/20

BRTS

-. BRT Stati"ns;

#! long # /ide edian bus stations closed /it+ necessar* access controls at le,el boarding-

alig+ting off-board tic4eting s*ste IT enabled O Passenger Inforation S*ste securit*

s*stes O pedestrian crossings O grade separated(



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BRTS

. Bus Features

St*list buses designed for passenger cofort /ide central doors %1(2K 1(2- entr* and exit'

%E00KL- $0 floor +eig+t' "0 person9capacit* and clean fuel >uro-III :iesel(

I>@ )H RTS US

$( Intelligent Transp"rtati"n System (ITS)

)perations 3ontrol

lectronic Hare 3ollection

Real-tie Passenger Inforation S*ste

Traffic 6anageent %


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BRTS

*. 559b"ard 5are c"llecti"n

Hare pa*ent at t+e station instead of on board t+e bus eliinates t+e dela* caused b*passengers pa*ing on board(

2. Intersecti"n treatment

Pro+ibiting turns for traffic across t+e bus lane significantl* reduces dela*s to t+e buses( us

priorit* /ill often be pro,ided at signali8ed intersections to reduce dela*s b* extending t+e green

p+ase or reducing t+e red p+ase in t+e reuired direction copared to t+e noral seuence(

M'RITS

Impr"!ement in tra!el speed;

Pea4 +our speed- 25 ;p+ as opposed to 1"-1A 4p+ of


13/20

BRTS

Reduced c"ngesti"n;

3ongestion +as long been recogni8ed as an en,ironental proble( )t+er t+an causing dela* it

causes noise and fues and increases +ealt+ ris4s to road users and residents( 3ost estiates for

.3S are significantl* less t+an t+e cost of grade separators pro,ided to reduce congestion(

#ependable Ser!ice


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BRTS

Ridership Increase;

Riders+ip +as increased consistentl* t+roug+ ele,ent+ ont+ b* #05&(


15/20

BRTS

#'M'RITS

1( #ecrease in sa5ety "5 &MT !ehicles

< copre+ensi,e apping of ?6T facilities /as done along t+e RT corridor b* our

sur,e* tea and t+e pro,ision of footpat+s and bic*cle trac4s /as easured and copared /it+

t+e proposal(@al4ing and c*cling are t/o aor lo/-carbon odes of transport and t+e* are

ainl* used b* lo/ in coe groups due to t+e 8ero cost of using t+e( T+e :PR for P+ase-I

realised t+at pedestra!s a!d "#"$sts %ere t&e '(st a""de!t pr(!e) "('prs!g 61

per "e!t (* t&e t(ta$ a""de!ts %&e! t&ese '(des "('prsed 55+21 per "e!t (* t&e

t(ta$ trps ! t&e "t# ,A-C) A.DA a!d C/PT .!erst#) 2007+

2( #em"liti"n "5 h"uses

T+e RTS proect +as caused deolition of +ouses along t+e corridor and displaceent of

+a/4ers on t+ese stretc+es( .a/4ers +a,e been displaced because t+ere +as been no attept to

integrate t+e into t+e ain design( Fanarg street design +as not been sensiti,e to ot+er street

acti,ities along t+e corridor eit+er( Inforal street acti,ities are an iportant aspect of urban

li,ing in Indian cities /+ic+ s+ould +a,e been ac4no/ledged and ta4en as a design c+allenges(



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BRTS

. &"n9inclusi"n "5 street !end"rs in design

FanargDs fora* into t+e +eart of t+e old cit* /ill furt+er increase t+ese probles if t+e street

c+aracter is not ta4en into consideration in street design( FanargDs ne/ route construction near

t+e ain bus stand +as alread* started displacing ,endors and ot+er ar4ets along it( ?earl* 500

,endors and residents around Geeta 6andir us terinus +eld a d+arna %protest sit-in' in Fanuar*

2012 against t+e decision of t+e ci,ic bod* to construct a double trac4 of RTS t+ere as t+eRTS is supposedl* going to deolis+ #00 s+ops %:ail* ?e/s


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BRTS

T+e segregation bet/een bot+ bus ser,ices is coplete in ters of p+*sical infrastructure

tic4eting and social ar4eting(


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BRTS

%&%USI&S

Hro t+is public perception sur,e* it can be concluded t+at RTS is econoical for A$& people

and iddle incoe groups are freuentl* using it( Sur,e* also s+o/ t+at A2& people t+oug+t

t+at it is tie sa,ing $1& people said t+at it is excellent as copared to


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BRTS

R'F'R'&%'S

1' en(/i4ipedia(orgL/i4iLhmedabadQBRTS

2' ///(unep(orgLtransportL(((LPd5>sLRTQ3asestudiesQIndiaQfullreport#' ///(a+edabadbrts(org

$' ///(slides+are(net

5' ///(cept(ac(in

"' ///(researc+gate(net

A' +ttp7LL///2(du(d4L1Q,idenL2Qpubli4ationerL#QarbrapporterLrapporterLar1$!(pdf

!' science(ran4(org

E' ///(/isegee4(org

10' ///(brt(cl

11' indiaen,ironentportal(org(in

12' +ttp7LL///(itc(nlLlibrar*LpapersQ200!LscLupLbarac+ar*a(pdf

1#' ///(crrido(go,(in



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BRTS


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