Brosch Veredlung a5 Engl 3.PDF 57173822

8/11/2019 Brosch Veredlung a5 Engl 3.PDF 57173822

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/brosch-veredlung-a5-engl-3pdf-57173822 1/16

Refining PlantSchwarze Pumpe

High-quality fuelsmade of Lusatian lignite



2 Refining Schwarze Pumpe



3Refining Schwarze Pumpe

The refining site Schwarze Pumpe

is located in lower Lusatia, about

130 km south of Berlin in the

border triangle to Poland and

Czech Republic. With the erectionof Europe’s largest lignite refin-

ing complex in 1955, Schwarze

Pumpe gained superregional

importance.

Facing the structural changes in

the energy industry during the

90ies of the 20th century, the

refining plant Schwarze Pumpe

fulfilled a consequent re-orienta-

tion.

Lignite means energy. Nearly 40 per cent of the

German energy generation is allotted to lignite.Vattenfall refines about 5 per cent of the annual

output of raw lignite from the Lusatian area to

high-quality fuels like briquettes, pulverized lignite

and fluidized bed lignite.

Control center of refining plant

Today, this refining site is the

most modern and most innovative

of its kind in Europe. Raw material

production and electricity genera-

tion, fuel production as well as

research and development are

connected closely and lead to an

efficient and environment-friendlyvalue-added chain.




Vattenfall has a precise ambition:

Using local lignite as efficient

and eco-friendly as possible and

simultaneously providing a reliable

and competitive energy solution

to our costumers.

The production of high-energy

fuels using environment-friendly

combined heat and power tech-

nology is a main component of

our venture.

Overview of refining plant Schwarze Pumpe and the power plant in the background

Refining means: to accentuate a

particular quality of a raw mate-

rial. Due to preparing, drying and

molding of lignite, an increase of

the caloric value and an easier

handling are achieved.




Lignite briquettes in different

sizes and formats as well as pul-

verized lignite and fluidized bed

lignite are produced in the refin-

ing plant Schwarze Pumpe:

• Lignite briquettes are prevail-

ingly used in small firing sites

of private households and in

full-automatic boiler combus-

tion systems of medium-sized

industries and businesses,

• Pulverized lignite is being used

by the cement-, lime- and

asphalt industry and communal

and industrial heating plants

and combined heat and power

plants,• Fluidized bed lignite is utilized

in combined heat and power

plants.

The coal wood “xylite” enlarges

the lignite variety with an innova-

tive product. It is being used as

peat-like substrate and mulching

material in garden and landscapeconstruction.

Standard values of energy sources

RML Run-of-mine lignite

LB lignite briquettes

FBL fluidized bed lignite

PL pulverized lignite

water (per cent)

caloric value (MJ/kg)

60

50

20

15

10

5

0RML LB FBL PL




Briquettes, pulverised lignite and

fluidised bed lignite are manu-

factured at the Schwarze Pumpe

refining plant. They are made of

run-of-mine lignite from nearby

opencast mines at Welzow-Süd

and Nochten. The most important

properties of this run-of-mine

lignite are its low ash and sulphurcontents.

The main process in refining

run-of-mine lignite is the dry-

ing process. It is interlinked with

the power plant process of the

nearby lignite-fired Schwarze

Pumpe power plant. The result

is a cogeneration of power andheat, which ensures a high rate of

utilisation of the fuel lignite in the

power generation process.

Process steam and district heat

are supplied to the production

units of the refining site.

At the refining plant, state-of-

the-art dedusting plants (high-

performance bag-type filters and

venturi-precipitators, electro-gas

purification filters) assure a low-

emission operation.The respective requirements are

to be found in the German Techni-

cal Air Pollution Control Regula-

tion (“TA Luft”). It stipulates the

limits for dust emissions. Since

the 1990s a number of compre-

hensive measures were imple-

mented at the Schwarze Pumpe

refining plant in order to furtherreduce dust emissions.

Even after the completion of the

revamping and investment meas-

ures of the filter plants, extensive

efforts are made to maintain the

capacity of the dedusting plants.

The requirements of the Technical

Air Pollution Control Regulation are

met and even fall below the limit.




The run-of-mine lignite of the

opencast mines reaches the

refinery by train via the railway

network of Vattenfall Europe

Mining AG.

Every day, up to 12,000 tons of

lignite are transported and stored

in the bunker, which has a capac-

ity of 24,000 tons.

According to the demand, the

run-of-mine lignite is taken from

the individual bunker sections.

Thereafter, the lignite is crushedto a maximum grain size of 250

mm in the blade crushers before

it is transported to the raw lignite

treatment by conveyor belts.

The processing section is also

called “wet section” because,

at this stage, the lignite’s water

content is approx. 57 per cent

which means, it is still as wet as in

the mine.

The run-of-mine lignite is crushed

in hammer mills and thereafter

classified on screens. The raw fine

coal yielded this way has a grain

size of up to 6.3 mm.




Vapour

1 Storage bunker

2 Belt conveyor

3 Blade crusher

4 Jigger screen

5 Hammer mill

6 Rotary tube dryer

7 Electrostatic filter

8 Conveying line

9 Mill

10 Troughed-chain conveyor

11 Hose belt conveyor

12 Screen-chain conveyor

13 Briquetting press

14 Loading Briquettes loose

15 Loading

Briquettes palletised

16 Loading

Fluidised bed lignite

17 Loading

Pulversed lignite




Afterwards, the raw fine lignite is

dried in tubular dryers. These are

cylindrical drums with a diameter

of 5 m and a length of 8 m. Each

drum consists of 1,580 single

pipes, approx. 4,000 sqm. That

equals the size of half a football

field.

A total of 16 tubular dryers are

in use in the briquette plant.

Depending on the programmed

remaining water content, the dry

lignite is then fed to the individual

product lines, i.e. the production

of briquettes, pulverized lignite,

and fluidised bed lignite. In ad-

dition to the main product, drylignite with varying water content,

a mixture of air, steam and coal

dust, called “vapours” is produced.

The vapours are purified in high-

performance filters. The dust col-

lected this way is direcly sold as

pulverized lignite on the market.

Dry lignite treatment

In order to be able to manufac-

ture high-quality briquettes from

dry lignite with a grain size of

up to 6.3 mm and water content

of approx. 19 per cent, a further

refining stage is required.

For this purpose, the lignite isagain crushed in hammer mills

and classified on special screens.




This produced dry briquetting lig-

nite has a grain size of up to 2.5

mm and a calorific value which is

twice that of raw fine coal.

Pressing

It is done by applying high pres-

sure without adding binders.

The granular material called dry

briquetting lignite is pressed to a

briquette with a high density and

compressive strength.

Briquettes are manufactured in

a total of 19 electrically driven

presses each being equipped with

four production lines.

Depending on the working speedat which the presses are running,

up to 80 briquettes can be pro-

duced per minute and per line.

Packaging and loading

of briquettes

The form into which a briquette is

pressed depends on its respective

use. Industrial briquettes, half-

brick-size briquettes and whole

brick-size briquettes are offered

in bulk products. Via conveyor

systems, these briquettes are

transported to the loading station

for railway and road transporta-

tion.

However, there is an increas-

ing share in the production of

briquettes, which are prepacked

consumer friendly in bundles of25 kg, bags of 10 kg, or in 10 kg

film packages.

The packaging and palletising

process is fully automated done in

the newly built packaging facility.

In order to meet peak demands,

packaged briquettes can be

stored in two warehouses with a

total capacity of 35,000 tons.




Pulverized lignite is processed in

the grinding section and yielded

during the dedusting processes

of the technological equipment in

the drying section.

Milling

Dry lignite with a water content

of approx. 11 per cent is the feed

material for the grinding process.

Via conveyor belts and distribu-

tion systems, the lignite is trans-

ported to two bowl mill crushers,

which pulverise the material from

a grain size of 0 - 6.3 mm to 0- 0.2 mm. The grinding capacity

of the three mills adds up to 180

tons per hour.

Loading of pulverised lignite

The pneumatic belt system con-

veys the pulverized lignite into 5

storage and loading silos with the

capacity of 4 x 1,100 cbm and1 x 1,000 cbm.

Underneath the silos are the

loading facilities for road and rail

transportation installed. Up to

3,500 tons of pulverized lignite

are consigned daily.

Fluidised bed lignite is manu-

factured in the drying process,

its grain size is 0 - 6.3 mm and

the water content is 16 - 18 %.

It is transported to the silo and

loading facilities via mechanical

conveyor systems.

Loading of fluidised bed lignite

The silo and loading facilities for

fluidised bed lignite consist of two

silos with a capacity of 1,200 cbm

each and a loading facility for

railway transports. Fluidised bed

lignite for domestic sales is takenfrom the mechanical conveyor

systems and loaded directly into

the silo road vehicles, according

to demand.



14

20

15

1

3

P21

1110

4

5

2

6

7 89



15

13214

16

17

1918

9

Site plan

of Schwarze Pumpe refining plant

1 Main entrance

2 Management production

3 Sales and distribution

4 Row lignite bunker

5 Wet section

6 Dry section

7 After-treatment8 Central control room

9 Milling plant

10 Continuous flow bunker

11 Press house

12 Chute and cooling unit

13 Bundling and palletising unit

14 Stacking hall and pallet stockyard

15 Loading of briquettes – road transportation

16 Loading of briquettes onto trains

17 Loading of fluidised bed coal

18 Loading of pulverised lignite on trucks

19 Loading of pulverised lignite on trucks/trains

20 Transport company TSS

21 Central truck terminal



J a n u a r

y

2 0 1 2

Production

Lignite Mining & Generation

Refining

An der Heide

03130 Spremberg

T +49 3564-69 41 00

F +49 3564-69 20 04

[email protected]

www.vattenfall.com/refining

Vattenfall Europe Mining AG

Brosch Veredlung a5 Engl 3.PDF 57173822

Documents

Transcript of Brosch Veredlung a5 Engl 3.PDF 57173822