Brooding management of Chicks
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BROODING MANAGEMENT OF CHICKS
Dr. Rameswar PandaTeaching Assistant
Dept. of LPMCollege of Veterinary Science, Hyderabad
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INTRODUCTION• Brooding is art and science of
rearing chicks up to the age of 3-5wks.
• To Prevent cold shock.• Hypothalamus is not well
developed. • 2 systems of brooding.1. Hot room brooding- central
heating device is used.2. Cold room brooding- heating
the area only under brooder canopy. Used mostly in tropical countries for both layers and broilers
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CANOPY BROODING• Use of Incandescent light.• Hover made up off metal of
bamboo basket• 1-2 watt/chick light requirement• A metal hoover or bamboo
basket of diameter 90 cm for 250 chicks.
• Brooder/chick guard- height 30 cm
• Encircles the hover at a distance of 30-60 cm.
• Chick guard- GI pipe or metal
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Contd….•Circles enlarged at
2nd week.•During 2nd week,
chick guard is replaced to corner of the pen.
•By 3rd week, it is removed entirely.
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INFRARED BROODING• 150 and 250 watt infrared
bulbs are available for 100-250 chicks.
• The infrared bulb should be hung 25-30 cm above the litter floor.
• Infrared light has germicidal effect.
• Infrared light helps in the synthesis of Vit-D.
• It reduces cannibalism.
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BATTERY BROODING
• More than 60% of all commercial layers are brooded and reared in cages.
• Coccidiosis is less frequent.• It consists of 4-5 batteries
each having a heating space comprising 1/4th of total area.
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•The heating unit has electric heater having a thermostat.
•For the first 3 days paper is spread on the mesh flooring.
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BROODING BY THE USE OF LPG GAS
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KEROSENE BROODER
CHARCOAL BROODER
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• Flat hover/Reflector-
• Canopy type hover`
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BROODER/CHICK GUARD•5 feet diameter chick
guard should be used.
•Height of the brooder should not be more than 1.5feet.
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PREPARATION OF BROODER HOUSE• 3-4 weeks interval should
be given between two successive batches.
• 5 feet diameter chick guard can accommodate 200-250 chicks.
• Litter material should be spread about 2’’ height.
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Contd….• Feeder and waterer should
be arranged alternatively like cartwheel manner.
• The brooder heating source should be switched on several hours before the arrival of chicks
• Ground maize should be spread over the old news paper for 1 to 2 days
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Contd….• Electrolyte solution, glucose
and vitamin in the drinking water is provided for first 2-3 days.
• Brooder temperature 90-95 F is maintained in first week and decreases 5 F per every week until the room temperature
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• Old news paper should be removed after 3 days of brooding.• 24 hr light for 0-8
wks.
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first and second day
3rd to 7th day
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LOCATION OF BROODER HOUSE Distance between
brooder house and other poultry houses should not be more than 100 m.
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ALL-IN-ALL-OUT SYSTEM OF REARING•All the chicks should be
in same age groups.•The age difference
between the oldest and youngest ones should not more than 7days.
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• Washing of the brooding cage
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Feeding space•2.5cm/chick- 0 to 2 wks•4.5cm/chick- 2 to 6 wks Watering space •0.6cm/chick- 0 to 2 wks•1.3cm/chick- 2 to 6 wks
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•Concentration Should not be more than 0.01%
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VENTILATION
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•Hover space requirement is 45-60 square cm per chick
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•Up to 8 wks, floor space requirement in layer chicks is 700 square cm.
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DEBEAKING•Done in chicks at the
age of 1 day to 6 wks. •Repeated again at
about 16 wks of age. •Upper mandible beak to
be cut at about 1/3rd distance
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DUBBING•Removal of comb•Done in day old
chicks. •Done in breeds
having larger combs.
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VACCINATION STRESS•Feed intake decreases.
• Increase the brooding temperature to keep comfortable
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COCCIDIOSIS
•Affects mostly younger birds.
•Coccidiostat to be added in the feed.
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UNABSORBED YOLK SAC• Feeding immediately after
hatching causes this condition.
• The presence of yolk during the first 14 days should not be considered as importance.
• Overheating can be problem for lower yolk absorption.
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HEAT STRESS COLD STRESS
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CHICK MORTALITY
More pronounced in first week.
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