Brodal Options Training · Presentation • 10 February 2006 • Slide 1 ... wild radish (up to 8...

Presentation • 10 February 2006 • Slide 1

Brodal® Options Training

Overview of training

Part 1: Brodal Options– Explanation– Activity

Challenge

Objectives

Name the two methods by which Brodal Options controls weeds...

List the five factors that will affect the performance of Brodal Options...

Demonstrate an understanding of S.T.A.R…

List two weeds controlled & two weeds suppressed by Brodal Options…

Describe the lupin growth stages that Brodal Options can be applied at…

…Using the given resource material…

What to expect?

Agronomic facts

Weed spectrum

Decision making tool – setting expectations– 5-S.T.A.R.S.

Activity

A little bit about Brodal Options

DiflufenicanHerbicide for the control of broadleaf weeds in legume crops

Knockdown activityResidual activity

up to 8 weeks – 200 mL/ha rate, lower rates may reduce the level of effective residual control stubble, soil type and moisture dependant may affect the level of effective residual control

Root & shoot uptake (limited movement in the plant)Interferes with photosynthesis in growing tissue Apply post-emergence to lupins at 2 leaf stage – big bud stage* stageGrazing withholding period now 14 days*

* New registrations

Weed spectrum

Weeds Controlled (100 – 200 mL/ha)

Wild radish Wild turnip

(2 – 6 leaf up to & 180 mm diameter)

Hedge mustard, Indian hedge mustard, charlock*, prickly lettuce*

* Controlled at 200 mL/ha rate only

Weeds Suppressed(200 mL/ha)

CapeweedCrassula

Marshmallow(up to 4 leaf & 120 mm diameter)

Wireweed(up to 2 leaf & 60 mm diameter)

Amsinckia, corn gromwell , shepherd’s purse, rough poppy, sorrel, toad rush

Decision making tool – 5-S.T.A.R.S

SURFACE

SIZE

STRESS

SIMAZINE

SHADE

S.T.A.R.S

What will affect the performance of Brodal Options?

(Residual activity & Knockdown activity)

How can you use this tool to make the right

management decision?

S tress

T iming

A pplication

R ate

A reminder…

What parts of the plant take-up Brodal Options?

– Root– Shoot

What are the two ways Brodal Options can control weeds?

– Knockdown activity– Residual activity

…By getting Surface, Size, Shade, Simazine & Stress right you will get the best from Brodal Options…

Surface – residual activity

Brodal Options must form a layer on the soil surface to give residual control. Herbicide rate, non-wetting sands, high clay or organic matter content, high levels of trash and dry conditions will all affect residual control

Shade – residual + knockdown activity

Big plants shade small plants & yet-to-germinate seeds

Big plants shade the soil surface from herbicide contact

Size – knockdown + residual activity

Small weeds, less herbicide, maximum control, best ROI

Shade & Surface → reduced residual control

Size continued…

Growth & development do not always coincide

If unsure of the true size of a weed dig it up!!

40 cm

Would you use the same management strategy for both

weeds?

Simazine pre-em

Brodal Options benefits from ‘effective’ pre-sowing applications of a triazine herbicide (simazine / atrazine)

– Reduces the initial numbers

Efficacy of the triazine is very dependent on soil moisture

– In dry conditions soil uptake of simazine is reduced & weed control is poor

Spray options

Herbicide Choice (rate/ha) 2 Leaf 4 Leaf 6 Leaf 8 Leaf 10 Leaf

Bud emergence

Big bud Flower bud appearance

Brodal Options 100 mLBrodal Options 150 mLBrodal Options 200 mL

Brodal Options 100 mL + Eclipse 7 g

Brodal Options up to 150 mL + simazine 1000 mL

Brodal Options 100 mL + Sencor WG 100 g

Eclipse 10 g

New registration in 2006

Lupin Crop Stage

Spray options

WEED SPECTRUM WEED SPECTRUM WEED SPECTRUM Wild radish Mustards

Wild radish Mustards

Capeweed*

Wild radish Mustards

Capeweed* Doublegee*

SMALL WEEDS

Up to 2 leaves, less than 60 mm in diameter SMALL WEEDS

Up to 2 leaves, less than 60 mm in diameter SMALL WEEDS

Up to 2 leaves, less than 60 mm in diameter Brodal Options alone Brodal Options alone or

Brodal Options + simazine

Brodal Options + simazine (doublegee - pre-em only)

MEDIUM WEEDS Up to 4 leaves, less than 120 mm in diameter



Brodal Options alone or Brodal Options + simazine

Brodal Options alone or Brodal Options + Sencor

Brodal Options + Sencor

LARGE WEEDS Up to 6 leaves, less than 180 mm in diameter



Brodal Options alone or Brodal Options + Sencor

Brodal Options + Sencor Brodal Options + Sencor

* suppression

Spray options : Brodal Options

New Registrations

Crop stage: Brodal Options (stand alone, all rates) – applied up to big bud

Weed control: Brodal Options (100 mL/ha) + Eclipse (7 g/ha) -wild radish (up to 8 leaf), capeweed suppression (up to 6 leaf) (crop between 8 leaf and start of big bud)

Check the lupin crop for signs of stress before applying

If the weed population is high, make sure coverage is good and use higher water rates (eg >50 L/ha)

Do not apply to Myallie lupins if atrazine was used as a pre-emergent herbicide

Spray options : Brodal Options + simazine

Used where younger mixed weeds are present (wild radish / capeweed / doublegee), generally up to 4 leaf stage

Simazine provides some grass weed suppression

Preferred mixture in southern agricultural zones

Check the lupin crop for signs of stress before applying – particularly triazine stress (burnt leaf tips) and brown leaf spot


Spray options : Brodal Options + Sencor

Not to be applied before 3 leaf crop stage

Used when older mixed weeds are present (wild radish / capeweed* / doublegee*) up to 6-8 leaf stage

Preferred mixture in northern agricultural zones

This mixture can cause crop damage, crops recover without yield penalty when the Directions for Use are followed

Apply only to Gungurru, Meritt, Myallie


* suppression

Spray options : Eclipse

Apply between the crop stages of 8 leaf and up to the appearance of the flower budTransient yellowing and / or height reduction may occur 1-4 weeks after applicationApply to Danja, Gungurru, Kalya, Kiev and Tanjil varieties

Do not tank mix with crop oils, wetters, surfactants, insecticides or grass herbicides should as unacceptable crop damage may occurDo not apply to crops affected by brown leaf spot or insect damageDo not apply to Luteus (Yellow) lupins eg. Wodjil variety

Stress – residual + knockdown activity

Cold

– Continual cold & cloudy weather will cause weeds to slow down orstop metabolising

Soil moisture

– Dry conditions, soil uptake of diflufenican is very low due to its low solubility

– Dry soils often associated with low relative humidity → reduce uptake and translocation of diflufenican

Disease & Insect pressure

S.T.A.R programme

S tress– Crop & weed stresses are accounted for at time of application

T iming– Application is made within the crop & weed stages recommended on the label

A pplication– Properly calibrated, properly maintained spray equipment is used to apply the

product

R ate– Adjustments are made to account for crop stage, weed stage, stress

conditions, application coverage & application volume

Decision making tool – 5-S.T.A.R.S

SIZE

STRESS

SIMAZINE

SHADE

What will affect the performance of Brodal

Options?

S.T.A.R.S

SURFACE

Herbicide rates

0

20

40

60

80

100

Herbicide Rate

Effic

acy

(%)

• The efficacy of a product will be determined by where the rate falls on the rate response curve

• Each product will have a specific response curve• Response curve is specific to that product under the conditions at that

time • Some products may have similar curves

Herbicide rates - choosing

Response curve under ideal conditions Response curve under less than ideal conditions

Effic

acy

(%)

• Less than ideal conditions, the rate response curve changes shape and moves to the right

• Herbicides will perform poorer than expected

Effic

acy

(%)

• Ideal conditions, the rate response curve changes shape and moves to the left

• Herbicides perform better than expected

0

20

40

60

80

100

Herbicide Rate

PoorNorm

0

20

40

60

80

100

Herbicide Rate

IdealNorm

Brodal Options – quality (2002)

BRODAL OPTIONS

BATCH NUMBER

100032322 MANUFACTURED

29/4/2002

GENERIC DIFLUFENICAN

1

BATCH NUMBER 4707

MANUFACTURED 18/4/2002


2

BATCH NUMBER 10858



3

BATCH NUMBER 4934


Average diflufenican concentration (g/L) 526 g/L 486 g/L 488 g/L 471 g/L

% of average Brodal Options concentration (500 g/L diflufenican)

101.9% 94.2% 94.6% 91.3%

Particle size (Malvern) D(v,0.5) < 0.99 µm < 7.12 µm < 1.31 µm < 7.75 µm

Particle size (Malvern) D(v,0.9) < 3.20 µm < 26.8 µm < 4.22 µm < 33.0 µm

KEY FINDINGS

Active ingredient concentration

Generic formulations contained 7–11% less active ingredient One formulation failed to meet APVMA guidelines.

Particle size Two generic formulations showed particles 7 times larger than Brodal Options. Trial work has demonstrated that the smaller the particle, the greater the level of efficacy against weeds.

Brodal Options – quality 2005

Results from tests conducted on 2005 formulated product

Brodal Options

Batch Numbers 500018040, 500018192 ,

500018294

Manufactured 5/5/2005, 12/5/2005, 9/5/2005

Generic Diflufenican 4

Batch Number05038000

Manufactured03/2005

Generic Diflufenican 2

Batch Number 14659

Manufactured7/4/2005

Particle size (Malvern) D(v,0.5)

< 0.99 µm < 1.16 µm < 2.27 µm

Particle size (Malvern) D(v,0.9)

< 3.01 µm < 4.12 µm < 6.59 µm

KEY FINDINGS

Particle size

Particle size in generic formulation between 17% and 129% larger. Trial work has demonstrated that the smaller the average particle size, the greater the level of efficacy against weeds.

Summary

Brodal Options has knockdown and residual activity on wild radishApply post-emergence to lupins at 2 leaf – big bud stage* stageCan be tank mixed with simazine, metribuzin or EclipseHerbicide activity is influenced by stress, timing, application and rate.

Simazine, size, shading, and soil surface may also affect the activity of Brodal Options

Quality formulation ensures best efficacy!

Choose a herbicide and brand that consistently gives a high level of weed control

* New registrations

Brodal Options activity

In groups use your case study picture to:

1. Describe the potential issues

2. Set a grower expectation

using the principles of S.T.A.R.S.

• Weeds: 80% 2 leaf 10% 4 leaf

• Surface coverage: ~ 25%, no trash

• Good soil moisture, good growing conditions, simazine pre-sowing

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