Broadcast news(1)
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Broadcast NewsJOUR 2300 – Principles of NewsMayborn School of Journalism
Source: News Writing and Reporting, Chip Scanlan
TV Broadcast Newsroom PositionsNews Director• Top person in the
news department, responsible for hiring, firing, promoting, budgeting and working with other department heads.
Producer• “Architect of the
newscast”.• Determines what stories
will be in a show as well as their placement. • Decides the packaging
of a story• Determines if it will be a
reader, anchor voice-over
Source: Principles of Convergent Journalism. Chapter 7
TV Broadcast Newsroom PositionsAssignment Editor• Also known as
“assignment manager”• Traffic cop of the
newsroom • Maintains future files;
monitors police, fire and emergency services scanners, coordinates films crews with producers
Anchor• “Talent”• Host the news• Also serve as
reporters, particularly in smaller markets• Usually started out
as a reporter
Source: Principles of Convergent Journalism. Chapter 7
TV Broadcast Newsroom PositionsReporter• Covers events • “Neutral witness” or
observer of major event• Responsible for
conducting interviews, working with photographer to capture video and audio
Photographer• Photog, cameraman,
photographer• Drive satellite truck,
run the equipment, set up lights, make the live shot work
Source: Principles of Convergent Journalism. Chapter 7
TV Broadcast Newsroom PositionsVideo Editor• Often works as a
photographer, too• Handle all network
feed• Need to work fast on
deadline
Graphic Artist• Works with reporters
and producers in newsroom and with advertising• Skilled in image,
animation and multimedia
Source: Principles of Convergent Journalism. Chapter 7
TV Broadcast Newsroom PositionsStudio production staff• Includes director,
technical director, audio technician, floor manager, and studio camera operators
Librarian / archivist• Knows where to find
the archived videos
Field producer/editor• Combination of a
producer and editor who works in the field with a reporter• Gathers and edits
information and makes sure complete stories are sent back to newsroom
Source: Principles of Convergent Journalism. Chapter 7
Key Principles
It’s all about the visuals• Compelling, exciting
and interesting images• Reporter or anchor is
the narrator of these images
“Live and late-breaking”• Timeliness element
looms large• “This just in…”• Balancing “live”
coverage with packages based on breaking news stories that occurred earlier in the day
Key Principles
Keep it Simple• Anchors/reporters
copy – their scripts must be written in present tense, using active verbs in short sentences• Writing visually
“Live and late-breaking”• Timeliness element
looms large• “This just in…”• Balancing “live”
coverage with packages based on breaking news stories that occurred earlier in the day
Basic terms• B-roll• Background images of
scene
• Reader:• Most basic kind of
story. • No pictures• Anchor or reporter
readers a script• Typically 20 seconds
• VO: Voice over• News anchor
introduces a story, then after a sentence view sees video of story
• Typically 20-30 seconds
• VSOT: Voice-over/Sound over tape • Typically 25 seconds to
a minute
Basic terms cont.
Package• A reporter’s recorded
story• Anchor introduces it• Packages run from
1:15 to 1:45• Include stand-up
open, stand-up close,
Video Essay• Telling stories with
pictures
Let’s listen to the pros
Broadcast Journalism 101 with NBC's Mara Schiavocampo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Av04xCQXSw
TV News Skillshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DV6-QE7tYPI
Bob Schieffer and the Future of Newshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t6GRnXuswIU
Carole Simpson- 40 Years as a Broadcast Journalisthttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7F2kjU7qpG4
I. Preproduction and reporting
• Research it• Plan who
you’re going to interview
• Make appointment
• Get equipment
1. Find a story
2. Field production
• Arrive at least 10-15 minutes early, if possible
• Introduce yourself to key sources
• Set up camera• Shoot B-roll
2. Go to location
II. Field production cont.
• Keep it short• Record your best
three questions• Be firm, polite
and direct• Shoot cutaways
3. Record Interview
II. Field production cont.
• Be aware of public, private property
• Capture elements that help viewer
• Wide, medium and tight
• Capture MOTS: man on the street interviews, if appropriate
4. Shoot b-roll
II. Field production cont.
• Choose sound bites
• Include as man facts and information as possible
5. Write Script
II. Post Production
• Take a look at sample script
• See flow of video, audio, natural sound, stand-ups
6. Record (lay
down)Voice Track
II. Post production cont.
• Set up sequences
• Keep pacing consistent
7. Lay B-Roll
II. Post production cont.
• You’re on the air
8. Export
to tape, DVD or
post
Advantages of Broadcast News
• You’re a witness to important events in real times•Real time•Powerful visuals, capturing human
drama • Short, concise, crisp
http://www.slideshare.net/cressman/deconstructing-tv-news-10299478
Disadvantages
• Limited airtime• Broadcasts defined in seconds, minutes•Most half-hour newscasts usually on 20 to
22 minutes of actual news• Sometimes out of context• Entertainment driven• “Good news” hard to top murders, fires or
mayhem, particularly in local newshttp://www.slideshare.net/cressman/deconstructing-tv-news-10299478
Disadvantages
• Limited airtime• Broadcasts defined in seconds, minutes•Most half-hour newscasts usually on 20 to
22 minutes of actual news• Sometimes out of context• Entertainment driven• “Good news” hard to top murders, fires or
mayhem, particularly in local newshttp://www.slideshare.net/cressman/deconstructing-tv-news-10299478
Types of TV News Reporting
• Breaking News• Taped stories (packages)• Planned major events• Live reporting• Streaming (online)
http://www.slideshare.net/cressman/deconstructing-tv-news-10299478
Terms You Need to Know
• Ratings: Nielsen • Impact of Social Media:
http://socialguide.com• Local v. network• Cable v. broadcast• Correspondent, editor, producer, anchor,
creative director• Live v. taped
http://www.slideshare.net/cressman/deconstructing-tv-news-10299478
SOURCE: http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2013/10/30/tv-ratings-tuesday-ncis-los-angeles-trophy-wife-rise-the-voice-hits-low-ncis-supernatiural-the-goldbergs-steady/212395/
Local TV Trends
• Extended times for broadcast news…but more time hasn’t translated to more views
Local TV trends cont.
•More hours of news ….
Discussion Question
You’ve just been named the news director of a local TV station that it No. 3 in the ratings. Your competitors are known for their happy-go-lucky broadcasts that feature crime stories, pet stories and festivals. You’ve been known for your investigative packages and in-studio interviews with news makers.
What would you do to improve your station’s ratings? How would you change your coverage? How would you use the Internet or social media to engage viewers?