Broadband – IP Transport

Broadband – IP Transport

2012 ACE/RUS School and SymposiumMay 6-9, 2012Fort Worth, TX

Brian LeCuyer, PERVW, Inc.(402)[email protected]

©2006 RVW, Inc. 2

Agenda• Transport Service Requirements• Transport Technologies

– Ethernet over SONET– Native Ethernet– Connection Oriented Ethernet– Optical Transport Network (OTN)– Wave Division Multiplexing

©2006 RVW, Inc. 3

Transport Service Requirements• At the Demark

– Port Types / Quantities (Current and Future)– Redundancy

• Path Diversity• Hardware Protection• Uplink: STP / LAG / G.8032 (ERPS)

– Power / Mounting / Environment– Certifications (NEBS, Approved Vendor Lists)

• Bandwidth– Committed Information Rate (Guaranteed)– Excess Information Rate (Burst)

©2006 RVW, Inc. 4

Transport Service Requirements• Performance & Reliability

– Frame Delay (Latency) / Delay Variation (Jitter)– Error Rate– Fail Over / Availability– Time to Repair

• Circuit Testing & Acceptance– RFC 2544 (Bandwidth / Frame Sizes)– Y.1731 (Latency / Jitter)

• Monitoring / Reporting– Real-Time / Logged– Alerting

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• Ethernet over SONET• Native Ethernet• Connection Oriented Ethernet• Optical Transport Network (OTN)• Wave Division Multiplexing

Transport Technologies

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Transport Technologies• Ethernet over SONET

– First Generation of “Carrier Class” Ethernet– Leverages SONET Protection Scheme– Unified TDM and Packet Transport– May be a Quick, Low-Cost Option– Limited Capacity– High Cost to Scale

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Transport Technologies• Native Ethernet

– Optical Ethernet Directly Over Fiber– 100 Mbps to 100 Gbps– VLAN Tagging/Prioritization (802.1Q/p)

• VLAN Tags Separate Services• VLAN Trunks Carry Multiple Services• “P-Bits” Prioritize Traffic

©2006 RVW, Inc. 8

Transport Technologies`

CUST. AVLAN 10

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CUST. BVLAN 20

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CUST. CVLAN 30

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CUST. AVLAN 10

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CUST. BVLAN 20

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CUST. CVLAN 30

Switch can be provisioned to accept traffic already tagged from customer, or apply tag if received untagged

Tags keep traffic separatedon trunk connection

VLAN TRUNK

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– 802.1Q Issues• Carrier Must Dictate Customer VLAN

Assignments (No Overlap Allowed)• VLAN Exhaust (No Re-Use Allowed)• MAC Limitations• Some Older Switches Can Tag but Not Trunk• 1522 Byte Frame may be Dropped• Provisioning / Administration Complexity for

Larger Networks and Multipoint Customers

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– Provider Bridges (802.1ad)• AKA: Q-in-Q / VLAN Stacking / Double Tagging• Carrier Uses “Service” VLAN (S-Tag / Outer Tag)

to Carry Customer VLANs (C-Tag / Inner Tag)• Allows Customer Control of their VLAN IDs• Alleviates VLAN Exhaust• Reduces Administrative Complexity for Carrier• Does NOT Alleviate MAC Limitations

©2006 RVW, Inc. 11

Transport Technologies`

CUST. AVLANs 10 & 20

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CUST. BVLANs 10 & 20

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CUST. AVLANs 10 & 20

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CUST. BVLAN 10 & 20

Switch typically receives tagged traffic from customer then applies outer Service TagS-Tag 100 for Customer AS-Tag 200 for Customer B

Trunks only switch using Service Tag

VLAN TRUNKS-Tag 100 & 200

©2006 RVW, Inc. 12


– 802.1ad Issues• Carrier Edge Equipment Capabilities• Jumbo Frame Support Required (Edge & Transit)• MAC Limitations Still an Issue• Provisioning / Administration Complexity for

Larger Networks and Multipoint Customers

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– Redundancy / Protection• Link Aggregation (LAG)

– Primarily for Customer Uplinks– Can be Used on Transport Links– Load Balancing / Incremental Bandwidth Growth– Inter-Switch or Cross-Card LAG for Redundant Hardware

• Spanning Tree Protocols (STP / RSTP / MSTP)– Prevents Layer-2 Loops (Link Blocking)– Uplink or Transport Protection– Supports “Meshy” Networks (Pun Intended)– VLAN Trunks Require MSTP (802.1s)– Can be Slow on Switching and Restoration (Tunable)

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– Redundancy / Protection• Ethernet Ring Protection Switching (G.8032)

– Prevents Layer-2 Loops– Primarily Transport, Can be Used on Uplinks– Ring / Inter-Connected Ring Architectures (Not “Meshy”)– Fast - Provides sub-50ms protection and recovery– Version 2 Adds

» Interconnected Rings» Manual Protection Switching (Force, Manual, Clear)» Multiple Ring Instances» Revertive / Non-Revertive Switching

©2006 RVW, Inc. 15

Transport Technologies• Connection Oriented Ethernet

– Technologies that Provide Static, “Circuit-Like” Behavior for Ethernet

– Provider Backbone Bridges (802.1ah)• Leverages Ethernet Standards• Like Q-in-Q Except Uses “MAC-in-MAC”• Solves MAC scaling issues

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Transport Technologies

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– PBB-TE (802.1Qay)• TE = Traffic Engineering• Enhances PBB to be More Transport “Friendly”

– Eliminates Broadcast/Multicast Flooding– Does Not Use Dynamic (Learned) Forwarding Tables– No Mechanism for Loop Avoidance (Manual Prevention)

• Working / Protect Paths Manually Configured– More Predictable Traffic Engineering– Requires Up-Front Planning and Provisioning

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– MPLS-TP• TP = Transport Profile• Simplified Subset of MPLS Protocol• Removes Complexity of Dynamic Nature of MPLS• Predetermined / Predictable / Bi-Directional Paths

– PBB-TE & MPLS-TP Not Necessarily Competing Technologies• PBB-TE good fit for Access and Aggregation• MPLS-TP good fit for Core Transport Portions

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Transport Technologies• Optical Transport Network (OTN / G.709)

– “Digital Wrapper” that provides SONET-Like operations, administration, maintenance and provisioning

– Allows multiplexing of different protocols into same payload• SONET• Ethernet• SAN (FiberChannel)

– Provides FEC for signal reach enhancement– Powerful adjunct to WDM systems

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Transport Technologies• Wave Division Multiplexing

– How Transport is Scaled as Customer Demand for Ethernet Services Grows

– Technology Carries Multiple Systems “Stacked” on Same Fiber Using Different Wavelengths

– Integrated Platforms Combine Ethernet Transport Technologies, OTN and WDM• Carrier Ethernet Capabilities• Multiprotocol Transport• Simple and Cost-Effective Growth

©2006 RVW, Inc. 21

Transport Technologies• Wave Division Multiplexing

– Key Concepts• CWDM (Coarse Wave Division Multiplexing)

– Typically 4 to 16 Wave Systems– Shorter Reach

• DWDM (Dense Wave Division Multiplexing)– Typically 40 to 80 Wave (100 or 50 GHz Spacing)– Long Reach (Amplification / Dispersion Compensation)

• ROADM (Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Mux)– Optical Circuit Mapping for DWDM Systems– Automatic Power Balancing– Degrees = Directions of Transport

Broadband – IP Transport

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