Broadband Challenges - FDIS ’99 Glenn T. Edens Vice President Broadband Technology [email protected]...

Broadband Challenges - FDIS ’99

Glenn T. EdensVice President Broadband Technology

[email protected]

Labs

2Overview: 10 Broadband Challenges

Backbone

RegionalHub

HFC PlantGateway

HomeNetwork Devices

Offers

Delivery MultipleVendors

Standards &Retail

Consumer Perspective

Political Perspective

Technical Perspective

3Challenge 1: Offers

• Entertainment

– Watch television programming & movies

– Listen to radio & music

– Games & the web

• Communications

– Talk on the phone, IM, BL, chat & mail

– Forwarding, alerting, notification & messaging

• Information

– Access the web, directories & guides, study, work & play

– Life maintenance, transactions, buying & selling stuff

4Challenge 1: Offers

• Video & Audio– Digital to provide EPG, more channels and highest quality

picture and sound

– High Definition to provide the ultimate home theater

– Interactive to provide web access and transactions

• Voice (Local and Long Distance Telephony)– Primary line, LEC replacement with more lines & features

• High Speed Data– Broadcast data embedded in television programming

– High speed internet access for PC, TV & appliance-style devices (web pads, internet stereo, web phones, etc.)

5Challenge 2: Sell, Install & Provision

• Bundles of video, voice, data, LD & cellular will provide significant consumer value

• Consumer, retailer, product vendor & service provider converge in a process

– Learn: marketing & positioning

– Buy: taking the order, verification & scheduling

– Get: installation, provisioning & OOB experience

– Use: training, utility, experience & quality

– Pay: establish value, meter, bill & collect

– Support: diagnose, repair, improve & enhance


• 101 Million U.S. households - 99 Million have TV• 90 Million households passed by cable• 66 Million cable customers• Operating revenue of $27.8 Billion

– Average $36 per customer per month = $24 Billion– Other revenue (ad, home shopping, etc.) = $3.8 Billion

• 34% of the customers churn each year– 1.87 M per month = 22.4 M per year

• Employees– Direct Employees 122,000– Linked Employees 83,000– Indirect Employees 674,000– Total 879,000

Source: CableLabs


• 66,000 Truck Drivers (including supervisors)– 35,000 Installers; 8,800 Service Techs; 13,200 Line Techs;

4,400 Headend Techs; 4,600 Others

• 35,000 Customer Service Representatives• Customer telephone calls per month

Billing 21,450,000Sales 10,725,000Service 10,725,000

Total 42,900,000 per month or 515 M per year

• 2% of customers experience problems each month– 1.32 M per month = 15.8 M per year

• Truck rolls, residential CPE and wiring installation is key limiting factor to deployment

Source: CableLabs

8Challenge 2: Sell, Install & ProvisionTravel

Type

Single PC

Replace LEC

Existing Coax

New coaxNew jackSplitter

Drop

New STBDownload

SWProvision

Existing Coax

New coaxNew jackSplitter

RemoveInter-

dictiondevices

Test

Demo

Pack up

New TPNew jack

Re-homeexistingLEC TP

New coaxSplitter

BTI, DropUPS

Provision

Site SurveyRF Check

Data Video

Telephony Digital

Analog

Yes

Yes

No

No No

Yes

Need STB

Existing TP

New STB

Yes

No

Yes

No

InternalModem

Yes

No

Existing LAN

LANNIC(s)

No

Install SWConfigure Provision

Yes

ExternalModem

New coaxSplitter

Drop


Analog Cable Digital Cable W/PhoneLine Return

Cable Data Cable Telephony

6 – 8 Jobs per day Avg. 4 – 6 Jobs per day Avg. 4 Jobs per day Avg. 2 – 4 Jobs per day Avg.

10 min – Survey 10 min – Survey 10 min - Survey 10 min – Survey

30 min – Install NIC andverify compatibility

15 min – RF level checkat tap

45 min – RF level checkat tap and drop work asneeded



60 min – Install NIU,BTI, back up power &drop work

15 min – Internalphone line wiring asneeded

15 min – Provisionmodem

5 min – Contact NOCwith NIU-BTI number

15 min – Internal coaxialwiring as needed

15 min – Internal coaxialwiring as needed

10 min – install softwareon PC

35 min – Internal wiringas needed

5 min – Verify servicesordered


5 min – Configure userprofile


5 min – Customereducation




Total = 1 hours 20 min Total = 1 hours 45 min Total = 2 hours 10 min Total = 2 hours 35 min

10Challenge 3: Backbone Networks

• Backbone networks are well understood– PSTN and Nationwide LD network– Private IP networks and the Public Internet– Headend In The Sky (HITS) Satellite Programming

Internet

PSTN

HITS

Seattle, WA

San Francisco, CASalt Lake City, UT

HITS Satellite

NDTC & NCAC Denver, CO

11Challenge 4: Regional Hubs & Headends

PrimaryRing

PrimaryHub

DWDM

Local Hub

Local Hub

10,000 - 20,000 Homes Passed

60,000 - 100,000 Homes PassedPrimary

Hub

PrimaryHub

MasterHub

1,000,000 + Homes Passed

Local HubHITS

Over the air

Local Origination

PSTNInternet

DWDM Fiber rings provide reliability and capacity

12Challenge 5: HFC Local Plant

• 11,000+ Headends

• 450,000 Miles of Fiber

• 1,150,000 Miles of Semi-rigid Coax Trunk Cable

– 70% Aerial & 30% Underground

• 2,400,000 Miles of Drop Cable to residence

– 1,440,000 Miles Active & 960,000 Miles Inactive

• Constant rebuilds and upgrades

– 40,000 Plant Miles rebuilt every year

– 80,000 Plant Miles upgraded every year

Source: CableLabs


FN

FN

PrimaryRing

PrimaryHub

DWDM

Local Hub

Local Hub

500 - 2000Homes Passed

10,000 - 20,000 Homes Passed

60,000 - 100,000 Homes Passed

• Fiber is moved further into the network– FTTC and FTTH still too expensive

• As traffic grows system can easily expand – Add more Fiber Nodes or Local Hubs

– Reduce homes passed by a Fiber Node

– Transition to Mini Fiber Node (mFN) architecture


Local hub

FN Local hub

FNmFNmFN mFNmFN

Upgrade to HFC Phase I mFN

TV

DOCSIS

DTV

New IP

DOCSIS

New IP

TVDTV

New IP New IP

Local Hub MuxNode mFN mFN

Phase II mFN

AnalogTV

5 50 500 750 1G

EmergingServices

AnalogTV

5 50 500 750 1G

EmergingServices

AnalogTV

5 50 500 750 1G

EmergingServicesFiber

Coax

50 Homes Passed


Video ServerContent

64/256QAM DCT-5000+

DCT-1000/1200

64 QAM

Digital Satellite Multiplexes

64QAM

Locally Encoded Analog Signals

NETSentryTM

Digital Domain Manager

IRT 1000

Digital Satellite Split Multiplexes

I Mult.

Q Mult.

OC-3

HCT 1000

DCT-2000

Digital BroadcastSignals

8-VSB

QPSK

QPSK

Digital Transport DS3

Digital Satellite Signals

QPSK

The Internet

DHEI

General Instruments Headend SUBSCRIBERSYSTEM

CONTENT SOURCES

PSTN

DOCSISCable Modems

C6U

C6U

C6U

CMTS

NC 1500DAC 6000

OM 1000

IRT 2000

MPS

DANIS/DLS

KLS 1000

InteractiveApplication

Servers

RPD 1000

NC 2000

HFC

Ethernet

16Challenge 6: Interface & Gateway

Tap

HDT

Fiber Node

Cable NIU

Local hub

PrimaryHub

PSTN

Circuit Switched Telephony Architecture


Cable NIU

CM

RouterCMTS

Tap

HDT

Fiber Node

Cable NIU

Local hub

PrimaryHub

PSTN

Internet

Cable Modem High Speed Data Architecture

18

RouterCMTS

Challenge 6: Interface & Gateway

PSTN

TelephonyGateway

BTI CM

Tap Fiber Node

Local hub

PrimaryHub

Internet

VOIP Telephony & Cable Modem Architecture


Optional Modules

Re-homed telephone wiring with remote switch-over

CATV In Digital CATV

To TV’s & STBs

Basic Digital Splitter Media Access Point

PC home network new & existing wiring or wireless

Re-homed telephone wiring

BT

I-D

OC

SI S

PW

R &

BA

TT

PC

LA

N

PB

X O

pt i

on

Back plane. distributes CATV, analog phone lines, AC and DC power and high speed digital data bus

From RJ11 Jacks of Telco NID

Toll quality & lifeline service - existing telephone wiring or wireless

Cable/LEC mode switch or relay

DI S

K S

ER

VE

R


Re-homed telephone wiring with remote switch-over

CATV In Digital CATV

To TV’s & STBs

Basic Digital Splitter

Re-homed telephone wiring

From RJ11 Jacks of Telco NID

Cable/LEC mode switch or relay

• Structured & standardized installation tool

• Digital CATV output is filtered from premises noise sources

• Re-homing of telephone wiring

• Remote switch over of house telephone wiring from LEC to Cable could eliminate truck roll

• Supports premises or plant powering and Cable GFI

• Could be engineered to support Angel and DBS

• Targeted as low cost device $30<

• Installed on “all” the next truck rolls with customer permission


Media Access Point

BT

I-D

OC

SI S

PW

R &

BA

TT

PC

LA

N

PB

X O

pt i

on

DI S

K S

ER

VE

R

• Supports multiple vendors, PnPDIY installation and retail sales which can eliminate truck rolls

• Backplane supports:– Digital clean CATV to each slot– 8 Analog phone lines to all slots– TTL Ethernet for UPnP– High speed TDMA 100 Mbytes/s– DC and UPS power

• Easy connection to Digital Splitter

• Wide range of optional modules

• Supports remote diagnostics, telemetry, control and service level provisioning

• Should be low cost device $50< and $100 - $300 per module

22Challenge 7: Home Networks

• PC needs are driving most home networking technology today

– HomePNA is key activity

– Microsoft Universal Plug and Play is key activity

• Cable needs will become critical driver of home networking technology next year

– Copy protection, conditional access, encryption, device discovery and control protocols are key

– Precision clock distribution, low latency, sub-Ns jitter, quality of service and higher bandwidths are key

• No new wires is ok but no wires is better

23Challenge 7: Home Networks

Technology C D T A V Bandwidth &Distance

Coverage RetailAvailability

Notes

Power Line 1 Kb – 2 Mb /300’

Whole house Late 2000 Proprietary,Carrier

TP CopperHomePNA

1 Mb / 300’10 Mb / 300’

Existing / newwire & jacks

Today 1.0Late 2000 2.0

Standard,Multi-carrier

TP CopperSynchronous

44 Mb / 300’88 Mb / 300’

Existing / newwire & jacks Early 2000

Proprietary,Baseband

Wireless 802.11 2 Mb / 100’ Whole house Today Standard, RFWireless EPBS .5 Mb / 100’ Whole house Mid 2000 Proprietary,

RFWireless ISM Analog or 1 - 4

Mb / 100’Whole house(usually)

Late 1999 Proprietary,RF

WirelessHomeRF

2 Mb / 150’ Whole house Mid 2001 Standard, RF

WirelessBluetooth

2 Mb / 25’ Within a room Mid 2001 Standard, RF

Coaxial Cable 1 GHz Existing / newCable, jacks &splitters

Today 6 MHz CarrierQAM VSBQPSK

IEEE 1394 400 Mb / 15’50 Mb / 100’

New wire orPOF

Late 2000Late 2002

Standard,Baseband

C = control D = data T = telephony A = CD audio V = MPEG video and audio

24Challenge 8: Devices

• Television activities centered on set top box– DCT2000 set top box deployment today– DCT5000 advanced set top box deployment 2000– Retail set top box via OpenCable in 2001

• PC activity centered on DOCSIS cable modem– Migrating from DOCSIS 1.0 to 1.1

• Telephone activity centered on interfaces and multiple line multiplexing– Circuit switched deployment today– PacketCable VOIP in 2000

• New devices on the horizon– Webpad, webphone, internet stereo, managed systems for

security, energy management and home control


State of the Art Audio & VideoMPEG-2 Video Decoder

Wide screen capable

Dolby AC-3 Digital Audio

Networking Features54-860MHz tuner

64/256 QAM modulation

Messaging Capabilities

DES based Encryption

InterfacesRF, Baseband Output Ports

Low Power IR Blaster Port

RF, Baseband Output Ports

Internal Application Interface Port

High and Low speed Data Output Ports

Low Power IR Blaster Port

Full Feature Access from Front Panel

Application Features27MHz CPU

6.3 Mb total memory

2.048 Mbps out of band data receiver

8-bit Graphics capability

GI/VRTX O/S API support

Macrovision Anti-Copy Protection

Two-Way CommunicationsALOHA RF return path

Starvue II RF Return Path modem

Optional FeaturesAnalog Descrambling

BTSC Stereo Decoder

High Power IR Blaster Port

High or Low Power Tethered IR Blaster Module

Serial Data Connector

High-speed telco return modem

General Instruments DCT2000


Open & Flexible Software PlatformRun a Variety of O/S & Middleware

Windows CEAperiosVRTXNCIPersonalJavaOthers

Supports OpenCable software interfaces

HTML and Run-time EnginesJAVA Scripting

Robust Applications Environment

Additional interactive capabilities Integrated DOCSIS cable modemFile sharingPerson to person gamesIP telephonyPowerful Hardware/Networking

PlatformPowerful CPU - 347 MIPS; 167MHzHigh-end graphics capability

24 Bit graphics3D and animation capable

Greater Memory Capacity14.3MB total memoryField upgradeableOptional internal IDE disk storage

Dedicated Upstream BandwidthTDMA Return

Triple Tuner ArchitectureWatch, Talk & Surf functionality

General Instruments DCT5000


OpenCable STB POD• The Point of Deployment (POD)

separable security module contains all security functions and out of band signaling functions.

• The POD security module enables any OpenCable compliant device to deliver a cable system’s secure digital video services.

OpenCable STB PODPODOpenCable Set-top

Cable

OOB CA CPU

POD Module

QAMRX

QPSKTX

QPSKRX

MPEGDemux

CPU

Demod


DOCSIS 1.1 Cable Modem • Released to Interim Status on March 11th 1999• Fully backwards compatible with DOCSIS 1.0• DOCSIS 1.1 builds on top of the DOCSIS 1.0 specification

– provides key enhancements to DOCSIS 1.0– complete set of QoS functionality and features– CMTS controlled fragmentation in the upstream– efficient use of both Downstream and Upstream bandwidth via Payload

Header Suppression– standardized approach for IP Multicast support over cable.– increased protection against thief of service via CM authentication– complemented by the Baseline Privacy Plus Interface Specification

• Provides all necessary underlying services required to support large scale deployment of Voice over IP (VOIP) and other latency sensitive applications


• Features/Functions:– Market trials

– Migration to DOCSIS 1.1

– Utilizes DOCSIS 1.1 CMTS

– Network call signaling

– Interoperable clients, Call agents, gateways

– Common billing event messages

– Standard network management of clients

– Common calling features

– Announcement servers

• Limitations:– P-QoS allows telephony,

may limit other application deployments

– Proprietary CMS-PSTN GC Signaling

– Single zone on-net calling: greater use of PSTN for terminations

– IP address privacy not addressed

PacketCable 1.0


• Features/Functions:– 2 call signaling models:

network based and client-based feature support

– 2 QoS signaling models:Provisioned, Dynamic

– Future multimedia applications

– IP address privacy

– Carrier class reliability

• Limitations:– Single zone on-net calling:

greater use of PSTN for terminations

– D-QoS requires changes to DOCSIS 1.1 CMTS

– D-QoS- Additional signaling traffic [bandwidth, setup time]

– Distributed Call Signaling: More powerful clients required

PacketCable 1.1

31Challenge 9: Multiple Vendors

• AT&T committed to three principles– Multiple vendor competition based on standards– Increasing consumer choice of devices at retail

– Rapid deployment of advanced services to consumers

• AT&T - Microsoft Agreement– Increased order for Windows CE from 5 million to 7.5 million

units with an option for up to 10 million– Agreed to evaluate TVPak client and server software

– Showcase city deployment of TVPak, client & server, in one large and one small city

– Showcase city deployment of TVPak client only with non-MS server in third city

– Sold overseas properties to MS and accepted MS investment of $5 Billion in AT&T

32Challenge 10: Retail & Standards

• Telecommunications Act of 1992 & 1996– Cable subscribers can own their equipment

• FCC NPRM, February 1997– Goal of assuring competition in the set-top market

• FCC Report and Order, June 1998– Security module prototype by July 1999– Security module form factor by January 2000– Separable security module available by July 2000– No embedded security after January 2005

• Hundreds, if not thousands, of potentially conflicting industry specifications and standards– DVB, IETF, IEEE, ISO, HAVI, UPnP, HomePNA, HomeRF,

ATVEF, DOCSIS, PacketCable, OpenCable, . . .

33Challenge 10: Retail & Standards

• It’s not easy:– Retail channel wants to duplicate DSS business model with

subsidy and annuity for each STB sale

– Retail channel & vendors want “one architecture”

– Consumer Electronics vendors want standards but complete freedom to innovate as well as subsidy and annuity

– Consumer Electronics vendors want to integrate STB into TV and other devices without cost impact

– Existing head end and STB vendors want their proprietary CA and upstream systems to continue in the market

– The EPG problem is a whole presentation just by itself

– ISPs and AOL want completely open access platform

– Broadcasters want support for all video and data formats

– PC vendors want progressive scan

34Glenn’s Broadband Challenge Meter

Offers

Sell, Install & Provision

Backbone Networks

Regional Hubs & Headends

HFC Local plant

Interface & Gateways

Home Networks

Devices

Multiple Vendors

Retail & Standards

Easy Hard Way Hard

35Acknowledgements

I would like to thank David Nagel, President of AT&T Laboratories, Tony Werner, EVP Engineering of AT&T Broadband and Internet Services, Dick Green, CEO of CableLabs and everyone at CableLabs for their help in preparing this presentation. I would also like to thank Misha Pavel of AT&T Laboratories for being kind enough to present this talk at FDIS ’99 in my absence.

Broadband Challenges - FDIS ’99 Glenn T. Edens Vice President Broadband Technology [email protected]...

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Transcript of Broadband Challenges - FDIS ’99 Glenn T. Edens Vice President Broadband Technology [email protected]...