British Experience in Research and Innovation -...
Transcript of British Experience in Research and Innovation -...
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British Experience in
Research and Innovation Otakar Fojt
18. října 2016
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Zkušenosti české a zahraniční
Střední průmyslová škola
elektrotechnická Brno
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Overview of the UK Science and innovation
From a total investment of €33.3 billion in 2014:
University sector responsible for:
€8.81 billion of R&D activities, 26.5 % of total R&D
Business enterprise finances 45.6 % & performs 63.4 % of R&D.
Expenditure by businesses on R&D: €21.1 billion
Government finances 28.9 % of R&D.
19.7 % of UK R&D is financed from outside UK
4.6 % is financed from non-profit sector
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UK Science Foundations
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Internationalisation at the heart of excellence
1 in 5 (19%) students in the UK are international
1 in 5 £ (21%) of research grants and contracts come from overseas
1 in 4 (28%) of all academic HE staff are international
1 in 2 (48%) articles have an international co-author
2 in 3 (63%) academics have an international affiliation
3 in 4 of UK HEIs engaged in TNE – providing a UK qualification outside the
UK
Second most popular destination for international students – 10.3%
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Excellent and efficient research
Country Normalised
citation impact
United
Kingdom 1.48
United
States 1.45
Canada 1.42
Australia 1.41
Germany 1.29
Italy 1.26
France 1.22
Spain 1.15
Japan 0.90
India 0.71
China 0.66
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UK is close to the centre of bibliometric world
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Europe is important for the UK research
16% of Academic
staff
7 of the top 10
countries of origin of
academic staff
124,575 other EU
students, compared
to 89,540 from china.
Three of the top four
outward mobility
destinations
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Brexit – 48% Remain, 52% Leave
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Brexit – Implications for Research
The uncertainty caused by the UK’s decision to leave the EU has meant
that there have been concerns about UK partners being asked to
withdraw from projects
The UK retains all the rights of a member state until the UK exits the EU
which means there will be no immediate change to the UK’s ability to
participate in EU funding programmes
The UK government has confirmed that it will underwrite payments of
awards, such as Horizon 2020, even when specific projects continue
beyond the UK’s departure from the EU
Carlos Moedas: “For the time being I would like to reassure (researchers
in the UK) that the referendum as such doesn’t change anything
regarding their eligibility for funding under Horizon 2020”
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Brexit – Implications for Students
The referendum has not led to any immediate change to the
immigration status of current EU students or those starting in the 2016/17
academic year, nor will it affect the tuition fees current students in the
UK are paying
Current students and 2016/17 entrants will be eligible to receive grants
and loans to fund their studies for the duration of their courses
Despite the uncertainty as a result of Brexit, the UK needs to remain an
attractive destination to talented students across the EU
UUK is calling on the UK government to guarantee that EU students
beginning courses this year, in 2017 and 2018 will pay the same fees as
UK students for the duration of their courses, but no confirmation yet
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Brexit – Implications for Staff
UK university staff are from the EU and all over the wider world. They
bring skills, experience and expertise that strengthens our teaching and
research
The UK remains a member of the EU for the time being and as such
there has been no change in the rights and status of EU nationals in the
UK. The Cabinet office: “when we do leave the EU, we fully expect that
the legal status of EU nationals living in the UK, and that of UK nationals
living in EU member states, will be properly protected”.
Universities’ ability to recruit staff from the EU will depend on the
relationship the UK negotiates with the EU
UUK is committed to highlighting the value of all EU staff is urging the UK
government to guarantee that those currently working at UK universities
can continue to do so until after the UK exits the EU
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UK-Czech Co-operation
For FP7, 708 Czech-UK collaborative projects were reported by Czech
NCP – second only to Germany and ahead of France.
Under Horizon 2020, we are aware of at least 183 funded collaborations
involving both the UK and the Czech Republic highlighting an ongoing
willingness to collaborate
In terms of the number of co-authored publications, the UK was the
Czech Republic’s third greatest research partner 5,286 co-publications
between 2009-13.
The average FWCI of partnerships involving the UK and the Czech Republic
was 3.24 compared to a Czech average international FWCI of 1.68
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UK-Czech Co-operation
Number of Czech Students Studying in the UK 2010-15
Year 2014/15 2013/14 2012/13 2011/12 2010/11
Total 1,405 1,315 1,250 1,275 1,185
Undergrad 1,020 925 865 850 775
Postgrad 380 395 385 425 410
Number of Czech Staff Working in the UK 2010-15
Year 2014/15 2013/14 2012/13 2011/12 2010/11
Total 365 335 320 305 290
There have been 526 UK students in Czech Universities in 2014/15
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Increasing collaboration and EU share
13 of our top 20
collaborators are EU
Member States
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How can business access Universities?
• By participating in innovation & knowledge networks
• Via University Research & Enterprise office or Technology Transfer
Officer
• Potential routes:
• Consultancy or commissioned research
• Knowledge Transfer Partnership
• Collaborative project
• Licensing technology via commercial agreement on Intellectual
Property
• New venture start-up or spin-out from University
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UK - Staff Mobility Opportunities
International opportunities fund – pump priming and pump priming plus
grants
Natural Environment Research Council
Network grants
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
Other countries partnering awards
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
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UK - Staff Mobility Opportunities
Bilateral research workshops
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
Research networking
Arts and Humanities Research Council
Open and directed knowledge exchange fellowships
Natural Environment Research Council
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UK - Staff Mobility Opportunities
International exchanges scheme – standard programme
Royal Society
International academic fellowships
Leverhulme Trust
Visiting professors initiative
Royal Academy of Engineering
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EU - Staff Mobility Opportunities
European Research Area promotes mobility
among EU researchers
DG EAC – Education and Culture –
• ERASMUS SCHEME
DG RTD – Research & Innovation
• Horizon 2020
• MSCA
• Widening Participation (larger projects that
include mobility)
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EU - Staff Mobility Opportunities
Erasmus +
Teaching opportunities for staff
• Spend time teaching at an education institution abroad.
• Staff working in the education sector and individuals in
business to share their knowledge with students.
• Opportunities for Higher Education –
• Teaching period between 2 programme countries – min 2
days, max 2 months (travelling time excluded).
• Teaching activity must comprise min 8h per work of actual
teaching time.
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EU - Staff Mobility Opportunities
Erasmus +
Teaching opportunities for staff
• Jean Monnet – dedicated to excellence in EU studies in HE
around the world.
• Focus on study & research on EU integration and
understanding Europe’s place in a globalised world.
• Modules – short term teaching programmes or courses on EU studies
• Chairs – teaching posts specialised in EU studies. 3
years.
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EU - Staff Mobility Opportunities
Horizon 2020
MSCA Actions
• Supports research training and career
development focused on innovation skills. It funds cross sector mobility that implements
excellent research in any field (bottom up
approach).
• MSCA (Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions) schemes focused on mobility
• Individual Fellowships (IF) • Research & Innovation Staff Exchanges
(RISE)
• Co-funding
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EU - Staff Mobility Opportunities
MSCA Actions
Individual Fellowships (IF) – European Fellowship
• Researchers moving within Europe
• Experienced researchers with PhD or 4 years full time research
experience.
• Allowance to cover living, travel and family costs. Grant
awarded to host organisation.
• Lasts from 1 to 2 years.
• Need to submit a research proposal and CV written jointly
with the chosen host organisation
• Need to respond to a call for proposals – Participant portal
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EU - Staff Mobility Opportunities
MSCA Actions Research & Innovation Staff Exchanges (RISE)
• Short term exchanges for staff
• Proposals should include at least 3 partners/countries (universities,
research institutions or non-academic organisations - SMEs). 2 of the 3
countries should be from the EU.
• Proposals shall be jointly written and emphasise networking,
knowledge sharing and skills development.
• Any nationality and any career level is allowed.
• Allowance to cover living, travel and family costs. Grant awarded to
host organisation.
• Lasts from 1 month to 1 year. Applicants must be linked to R&I
activities for at least 6 months prior to the secondment.
• Need to respond to a call for proposals – Participant portal
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EU - Staff Mobility Opportunities
MSCA Actions Co-funding scheme
• Additional funding for existing regional, national and international
programmes.
• Meant for organisations funding or managing doctoral or fellowship
programmes for researchers.
• Proposals should have one participant (ministry, regional authority,
funding agency, university, research organisation or enterprise).
• Experienced researchers apply directly with the funding organisation
/ PhD candidates can find vacancies on Euraxess.
• Organisation receives fixed amount for each supported researcher
(living allowance and management costs of the programme).
• Need to respond to a call for proposals – Participant portal
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EU - Staff Mobility Opportunities
H2020 Spreading Excellence & Widening
Participation
• To reduce disparities in terms of research and innovation
performance.
• Specific geographical eligibility conditions
• “Widening Countries”: Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia.
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EU - Staff Mobility Opportunities
H2020 Spreading Excellence & Widening Participation
• TEAMING – Supporting creation of new (or upgrading existing)
Centres of Excellence in widening countries on the basis of
partnership with internationally leading institutions.
• TWINNING – build networking for excellence through knowledge
transfer, exchange of best practice between research institutions
and leading partners.
• ERA Chairs – bring outstanding researchers to universities with high
potential for research excellence to attract and maintain high
quality human resources and implement structural changes to
achieve excellence on a sustainable basis. • COST - Supporting access to international networks for excellent researchers and
innovators who lack sufficient involvement in European and international networks.
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Britské hodnocení vědy – REF 2014
• Veškeré podklady jsou
online na webu
www.ref.ac.uk
• Jednou za 6 let
• Měří se kvalita – pouze
čtyři nejlepší publikace na
osobu
• Tým podává 1-4 studie
dopadu výzkumu na
společnost
• Hodnotí se také kvalita
vědeckého prostředí a
směřování výzkumu
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REF 2014 – co to stojí?
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REF 2014 – a good case study to follow?
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Kde hledat kontakty?
• V publikacích autorů, které čtete
• Gateway to Research web site: http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/
• Research Excellent Framework impact database:
http://impact.ref.ac.uk/CaseStudies/
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PERSONAL EXPERIENCE
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Střet civilizací?
Co nás motivuje?
• Zvyšovat své znalosti a předávat tyto znalosti studentům
• Objevovat nové znalosti užitečné pro společnost a uplatňovat je v praxi
• Uspokojovat vlastní zvědavost a zvídavost
Jací bychom chtěli být?
• Tvořiví
• Důkladní
• Otevření
• Spolupracující
A jak nás systém hodnotí?
• Kdy jsi naposledy publikoval v Nature a Science?
• Kolik jsi podal amerických patentů?
• Jaký je tvůj h-index?
• Na jakém místě v žebříčku se umístila naše univerzita?
• Kolik jsi sehnal peněz na grantech?
• Jsme lepší než konkurenční vědecký tým ze sousední univerzity?
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Střet civilizací po česku
Proč čeští vědci odcházejí z vědy?
• Doporučuji tuto publikaci Kateřiny Cidlinské z roku 2015:
A stručné shrnutí:
• Střet s realitou byl neúnosný
• Ideál pomoci světu zmizel
• Tlak na rychlé publikování
• Granty odvádí lidi od věd. práce
• Samoúčelné aktivity bez obsahu
• Trvalé dohánění restů a stres
• Konkurence podrývá vztahy
• Nekorektní jednání nadřízených
• Krátkodobé granty bez stability
• Částečné úvazky
• Málo peněz, musím živit rodinu
• Kariéra s rodinou nešly dohromady
• „Výzkum mám příliš rád na to,
abych si ho kazil profesionalizací“
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Jak jsme na tom dnes, 18. října 2016?
• Česká věda má historicky nejlepší podmínky ke svému růstu:
2 % HDP, 85 miliard Kč a příležitost čerpat až do konce roku 2023 z OP VVV
• Průměrný nárůst výdajů na vědu v letech 2010-14 byl 15,2% ročně
• Reálný růst výdajů na vědu v letech 2010-14 byl 52,8%
• Ve vědě je v ČR zaměstnáno 97.353 osob, na plné úvazky 64.443 osob
• 94.656 českých publikací ve SCOPUSu v letech 2010-2014 (27. místo)
• 29. země v žebříčku nejlepších publikací v NatureIndex za rok 2015
• 26 veřejných, 2 státní a 72 soukromých univerzit; AVČR s 8000 zaměstnanci;
resortní výzkumné ústavy; 48 nových vědeckých infrastruktur z OP VaVpI
• Novými počítači, softwarem; přístupem k publikacím a špičkovým
technologickým vybavením jsme na tom dnes stejně dobře, ne-li lépe, jako
nejvyspělejší země světa
• Mnoho českých vědců má zahraniční zkušenosti a spolupracuje se
špičkovými pracovišti po celém světě
• V THE 2016 hodnocení univerzit je jich v TOP1000 12 českých, ale jen 9
polských, 7 maďarských, 6 rakouských, 2 slovenské a 1 bulharská
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A co se nám v ČR ještě nedaří?
• Respektovat se a vzájemně si pomáhat
• Nezávidět si
• Vytvářet kreativní otevřené prostředí s důvěrou
• Umět dávat i přijímat konstruktivní kritiku a vytvářet přátelské vztahy
• Být excelentní a vést excelentní výzkum
• Budovat mezinárodní vědecké prostředí na každém pracovišti
• Nehnat se za hodnocením, ale za znalostmi a nejnovějšími výsledky vědy
• Aktivně popularizovat vědecké výsledky široké veřejnosti
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Platy pedagogů v ČR jsou nízké …
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Dokáží naučit ty správné dovednosti?
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A co vlastně bude potřebné?
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Musíme něco dělat tady a teď
Protože času není nikdy dost a kdoví, co nás čeká zítra…..
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Skromný návrh, co bychom mohli zlepšit
• Začněme každý na svém pracovišti
• Snažme se co nejvíc zjednodušit a profesionalizovat administrativu
• Ovlivňujme systém tak, aby vyhovoval vědeckému bádání
• Komunikujme s veřejností – jak o výsledcích vědy, tak o podmínkách pro
práci a potřebách vědeckého prostředí – opravdu je grantový systém a
vyplňování hromady tabulek a kritérií tím nejlepším, co může vědec dělat?
• Podporujme tvorbu legislativy a pravidel naší společnosti založené na
faktech a posledních vědeckých znalostech = emoce nejsou nejlepší rádce
• Obhajujme vědecký pohled na svět a přispívejme tak rozvoji společnosti