Britain: One million years of the Human Story
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Transcript of Britain: One million years of the Human Story
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Britain: One million years of the
Human Story
A unique temporary exhibition located during 2014 in the Natural History
Museum, London. It shows 200 specimens, objects,
replicas and life-size models, to describe what life was like in ancient Britain.
Roberto Sáez v. 22/06/2014 nutcrackerman.com
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The oldest known flints in Britain, close to 1 MYA, found in Happisburgh in Norfolk. They could have been used for slicing meat, scraping skin and shaping wood
The oldest human footprints in Europe,
found in May 2013 at Happisburgh in
Norfolk
1 MYA Happisburgh in Norfolk
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Rear of butchered rhinoceros skull
Butchered rhinoceros pelvis bone
The Boxgrove tibia (Homo heidelbergensis)
500 KYA Boxgrove
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4 500 KYA Boxgrove
Handaxes
Waste flakes
Oldest known antler hammer
The author, H. heidelbergensis
(replica of Broken Hill, Zambia)
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5 400-200 KYA Neandertal Levallois technique: stones were pre-shaped into a core that became the basis of many tools
Handaxes (Swanscombe, Kent) 400 KYA
Core and point (Crayford, Kent) 200 KYA
Various tools (Pontnewydd Cave, Wales) 230 KYA
Flakes and point (Chiswick in London, Crayford in Kent, Baker’s Hole in Kent) 200-300 KYA
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The largest handaxe in Europe (Furze Platt, Berkshire) 300 KYA, c. 40 cm
Too large for practical use, it might have been symbolic, perhaps to demonstrate the skills of its maker
400-200 KYA Neandertal
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Neandertal woman skull (Swanscombe, Kent) 400 KYA
Neandertal 8 year old child teeth (Pontnewydd Cave, Wales) 230 KYA
400-200 KYA Neandertal
Fused roots and enlarged pulp cavities
Occipital bun
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One of the oldest wooden spears in the world, from Clacton in Essex, 400 KYA
[recreation]
400-200 KYA Neandertal
Reassembled tool waste flakes from Crayford,
Kent, 200 KYA
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9 40 KYA Homo sapiens
Oldest known burial in Britain (Paviland Cave, Wales) 33 KYA
First Homo sapiens in Britain: fragment of upper jaw (Kent’s
Cavern, Devon) 41 KYA
Skull cup with cut marks Chewed human scapula with bite marks
Upper jaw of a teenager with cut marks where flesh
was removed
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Handaxes (Kent’s Cavern) 60 KYA
Handaxes (La Cotte de St Brelade) 65-60 KYA
Bladepoints (Kent’s Cavern, Devon and Creswell Crags, Derbyshire) 43 KYA
The changing face of technology
Neandertals
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11 The changing face of technology
Neandertals
Model based on 40 KYA Neandertal remains found at Spy, Belgium.
Neandertals colonised Britain many times between 400 K and 50 KYA but were extinct 30 KYA.
Shorter and more robust than H. sapiens. Wide hips and shoulders, powerful bodies.
Large brain-case but lower and longer than H. sapiens. Prominent brow ridge, large nose below.
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Pointed blade 14 KYA
Pointed blade 14 KYA
Blade 14 KYA
Pointed blade 14 KYA
Blade 14 KYA
Blades 14 KYA
Notched piece 36 KYA
Bladelet core 36 KYA
Blade 36 KYA
Bladelet core 36 KYA
Blade 36 KYA
Tanget point 33 KYA
The changing face of technology
H. sapiens
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13 The changing face of technology
H. sapiens
Model based on 30 KYA burial remains found in Paviland, Wales.
H. sapiens colonised Britain 40 KYA.
Taller and more linear than Neandertals, probably built for endurance running rather than short powerful bursts.
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Roberto Sáez nutcrackerman.com