BRIF workshop Toulouse 2012 Digital IDs subgroup
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Transcript of BRIF workshop Toulouse 2012 Digital IDs subgroup
BRIF Digital identifiers subgroup
-- Overview --
‣Brief backgrounder on identification & digital identifiers
‣Use cases for bio-resource identification in BRIF‣Digital resources: datasets, databases (Mummi)
‣Non-digital resources: projects, studies, cohorts [...] (Pierre)
‣Conclusions and next steps
This work is published under the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which means that it can be freely copied, redistributed and adapted, as long as proper attribution is given.
Gudmundur A. Thorisson <[email protected]> GEN2PHEN / University of LeicesterPierre-Antoine Gourraud <[email protected]> UCSF
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
BRIF and bio-resource identification
• The identification requirement: need to identify resources in order to– track use/reuse and impact
– credit those who contribute to them
• Biobanking projects have relied on:– Project/study/cohort names
• Example: the GAZEL study in France >20 years http://www.gazel.inserm.fr • Challenges: - ad hoc agreements with research groups who reuse samples or data
- painstaking manual searching through literature for mentions of ‘GAZEL‘ - project names are often ambiguous in global context
Monday, 22 October 12
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
BRIF and bio-resource identification
• The identification requirement: need to identify resources in order to– track use/reuse and impact
– credit those who contribute to them
• Example: biobanking projects frequently rely on...– Project/study/cohort names
• Example: the GAZEL study in France >20 years http://www.gazel.inserm.fr • Challenges: - ad hoc agreements with research groups who reuse samples or data
- painstaking manual searching through literature for mentions of ‘GAZEL‘ - project names are often ambiguous in global context
– Citations to journal publications• Which paper to cite? Tricky to keep track of which citations are relevant to impact • Also troublesome if there is no paper to cite (e.g. for a new study)
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
Digital identifiers - some background
• Definition: a digital identifier is a character string used to uniquely identify i) a digital object in a computer system, or ii) a record in a computer system which describes a non-digital object
• Persistence - once assigned, identifier MUST NOT change• Uniqueness - global scope vs local scope
– Most ID schemes require tacid knowledge of the type of identifier to interpret• Example: EC grant identifiers in acknowledgement statements
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
This work has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement number 200754 - the GEN2PHEN project.
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
This work has received funding under grant agreement number 200754
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
Digital identifiers - some background
• Definition: a digital identifier is a character string used to uniquely identify i) a digital object in a computer system, or ii) a record in a computer system which describes a non-digital object
• Persistence - once assigned, identifier MUST NOT change• Uniqueness - global scope vs local scope
– Most ID schemes require tacid knowledge of the type of identifier to interpret• Example: EC grant identifiers
• Some problem domains require for globally unique IDs– Example: ISBN numbers to identify books, e.g. for copyright purposes
• Some problem domains require resolvable IDs– Resolve = retrieve out information about the thing being identified, including where
to access it (for a digital object, its location on the Internet)– Digital Object IDs best known, but several other systems exist
Monday, 22 October 12
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
Identifier use cases in BRIF
• 3x broad categories of “stuff” to identify
i) Digital resourcesResources that actually “lives” in computers (born-digital or digitized content): datasets and databases
ii) Physical resourcesResources corresponding to actual physical things: samples, groups of samples, experimental instruments, etc.
iii) Project-level and other “meta” resourcesHigher-level aggregates of things, projects, organizations, consortia etc.
NB in many cases identifiers already exist for these things, but they are not exposed to the outside world in a usable form (i.e. made resolvable, citable, globally-unique).
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
Datasets
• Definition: a data set (or dataset) is a collection of data, often presented in tabular form but in the bio-sciences also frequently in a multitude of domain-specific formats, such as FASTA for biological sequences
• Data publication and data citation is a hot topic - lots of research and infrastructure-building activity in recent years
• Emerging best practices for data citation & attribution• Identifiers for dataset - persistent data DOIs issued via DataCite
• Little new for BRIF to add here, except issue recommendations– KEY POINT: infrastructure for data preservation and access is a prerequisite for any
sort of persistent bio-dataset identification scheme. Many projects don’t have this!
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
Data DOI scenario (simplified)
1. Research group registers a dataset and metadata in a suitable domain repository (or their own repository)
2. Repository archives dataset and and assigns a DOI name to it
3. Unique DOI name is used by article authors (and others) to indicate resource reuse (ideally via formal data citation)
4. Journal article reference listings & full-text and other sources are mined to identify references to dataset and/or downloads
5. Dataset-level metrics calculated from collected datae.g. - total no. citations in scholarly articles - no. secondary citations (citations to papers which cited the original dataset) - no. downloads in the last 2 years
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
ORCID and DataCite Interoperability Network
• Persistent identifiers for connecting people and dataset
• 2y EC-funded project, 7 partners in Europe + USA• Two main proof-of-concept pilots
– Social Science data - use and citation of British Birth Cohort Studies
• historical data, decades old, steadily being curated by lots of different people
• high rate of reuse, often cited in papers
– High-energy physics - attribution challenges• dealing with large no. authors on HEP papers - ‘dilution’ of the term
authorship• Linking HEP papers to supporting datasets
http://odin-project.eu/
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
Databases• Definition: an online database can be regarded as a collection of
data, but made accessible in such a way that facilitates using the data to answer scientific question, via structured querying and/or free-text searching of the data over the Internet
• Broad range, from large-scale DNA and protein sequence repositories to small locus-specific databaess– E.g. GenBank, UniProt, GWAS Central, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Variant Database
• Challenges in assessing impact & attributing curators– Reliance citations to database paper, if there is one (sometimes many)
• Analyzing website traffic is another indicator - highly-accessed database =~ important
– Database URLs sometimes change– Database name + URL often only mentioned only in materials&methods, no citation
– Credit via authorship impossible if there is no database journal paper
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
BioDBCore - global catalogue of bio-db’s• BioDBCore aims
– annotation - organize the bio-database ‘resourceome’
– discovery - e.g. which protein sequence databases are available?
• Who’s behind it?– International Society for Biocuration– Resource catalogues: Bioinformatics Links,
BioSiteMaps, NAR db-issue etc – Working group includes reps from NAR and
DATABASE journals, MIBBI, Model organism db’s, others
• Catalogue will have persistent identifiers for each db entry
http://www.biosharing.org/biodbcore
Monday, 22 October 12
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
•[slot in Pierre]
Monday, 22 October 12
From Pa(ents to BioBanks and back…
• Persistent IDs for datasets & other digital resources–Absolute need
• From BioresourceResearchIF to BioresourceXIF–More than an IP address ?
• Increase need of iden<fica<on for source of informa<on in general – Not only research purpose…– “Big data” –Quan<fied self.
• Blurring the border between : Research, data (Non-‐CLIA), Clinically approved , consumer centered data
Monday, 22 October 12
Database Gateway & Computa1ons
Reference groups of pa.entsIndividual data
User data Imaging
Front-‐end tablet
Applica1on
Copyright © 2012 The Regents of University California, USA -‐ All right reserved. Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
Conclusions / next steps• Complex landscape, lots of problems to tackle• Key challenge will be to get authors to use the right identifiers
– education, awareness, best practices, journal guidelines etc.
– build support into tools that researchers use
• Potential outputs from BRIF subgroup, by end of GEN2PHEN– Continue work on whitepaper on identifiers (partial drafted earlier in the year)– Compile recommendations for authors & biobankers, for use cases where workable
solutions exist or are emerging (data DOIs, BioDBCore)
• Need some biobanker-expert help in ID subgroup!– Esp. to look in-depth into study catalogues with established identifier schemes
• International Clinical Trials Registry Platform
• ClinicalTrials.gov • P3G study catalogue
Monday, 22 October 12
BRIF workshop, Toulouse Oct 22 2012
Acknowledgements GEN2PHEN Consortium
http://www.gen2phen.org/about-gen2phen/partners
Prof Anthony J. Brookes Bioinformatics Group, Leicester
This work has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)under grant agreement number 200754 - the GEN2PHEN project.
Contact me!
<[email protected]> |<[email protected]>http://www.linkedin.com/in/mummihttp://www.twitter.com/gthorisson
http://www.gthorisson.namePublished under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
Monday, 22 October 12