Bridge Structure Types and Components. BRIDGE STRUCTURE TYPES AND COMPONENTS TECHNICAL STANDARDS...

Bridge Structure Typesand

Components

BRIDGE STRUCTURE TYPES AND COMPONENTS

TECHNICAL STANDARDS BRANCHINTRODUCTION TO BRIDGES

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Slide 2

Types of Bridges• Girders or Beams

• Trusses

• Flat Slabs

• Rigid Frames

• Arches

• Suspension

• Culverts



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Slide 3

Types of Culverts

• Rigid– concrete, timber

• Flexible– corrugated steel



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Slide 4

Girder Bridges



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Slide 5

Steel “I” Girder Bridge



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Slide 6

Steel Box Girder Bridge



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Slide 7

Prestressed Concrete Girder Bridge



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Slide 8

Concrete “T” Girder Bridge



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Slide 9

Concrete Flat Slab Bridge



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Slide 10

Standard PrestressedConcrete Girder



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Slide 11

Standard PrecastConcrete Girder



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Slide 12

Timber Girder Bridge



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Slide 13

Truss Bridge



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Slide 14

Pony Truss Section



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Slide 15

Through Truss Section



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Slide 16

Deck Truss Elevation



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Slide 17

Deck Truss Section



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Slide 18

Rigid Steel Frame Elevation



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Slide 19

Rigid Frame Section



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Slide 20

Span Types

• Simple span– girder, beam or truss spans from one

support to another– each end has its own bearing– joint over every support



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Slide 21

Simple Spans

fixed jointexpansionjoint

simple span

expansionjoint

fixed bearing

expansion bearings fixed bearings

expansion bearing

fixed joint

simple span



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Slide 22

Span Types

• Continuous span– the girder, beam or truss is continuous over several

supports– only one bearing on each support– only joints at end of continuous section



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Slide 23

Continuous Spans

expansionjoint

expansionjoint

expansion bearing

fixed bearing

expansion bearing

continuous span

expansion bearing



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Slide 24

Decks

• transfer wheel loads to the main load carrying members

• girders, beams, trusses, etc.

Timber Decks Concrete Decks



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Slide 25

Curbs and Medians• Define travel lanes

• Safety

Wheelguards



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Slide 26

Girder and Stringer ElementsSteel girder bridge section

(1a) top flange(1b) bottom flange, (2) web, (3) diaphragm(4) stiffener

Prestressed girder bridge section

1b

32

1b

32

4

1a

1a



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Slide 27

Truss Elements

(1) top chord

(2) bottom chord(3) batter post

(4) verticals and diagonals

1

3

34

4

2



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Slide 28

Through Truss Elements

1 top chord2 bottom chord3 verticals & diagonals4 wind or sway bracing5 bottom lateral bracing6 top lateral bracing7 stringers8 floor beams

1

3

25

8

7

46



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Slide 29

Abutments

Approach s lab

W ingw all

BackwallSeat

P iles

Spill ThroughSection

WingwallsApproach

Slab

Backwall

Seat

Spill ThroughPlan



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Slide 30

Abutments

W ingw a ll

B ackw allS eat

F ooting

A pproach s lab

Retaining Wall TypeSection

Retaining Wall TypePlan

WingwallsApproach

Slab

Backwall

Seat



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Slide 31

Piers

COLUMN TYPE PIER SHAFT TYPE PIER



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Slide 32

Bearings

• Types– fixed– expand

• Material– steel– neoprene, Teflon



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Slide 33

Bearings

ROCKER BEARING ROLLER BEARING

POT BEARINGNEOPRENE BEARING



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Slide 34

Neoprene Bearing

N E O P R E N E

G R O U T PA D

T E F LO N

S TA IN LE S S S T E E L P LAT E

S T E E L B E D P LAT E



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Slide 35

Deck Joints

• Types– expansion– fixed

• Styles– water tight– open



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Slide 36

Deck Joints

OPEN JOINT WITH TROUGH

SEALED JOINT



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Slide 37

Bridge Railing

• Types– flex beam– vertical bar– tube type– barriers

• Material– steel (rail and post)– wood (rail and post)– concrete (posts & barriers)



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Slide 38

Culvert Types• Rigid

• Flexible

• ABC & CAB



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Slide 39

Rigid Culvert



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Slide 40

Flexible Culvert



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Slide 41

Flexible Culverts CSP & SPCSP



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Slide 42

Flexible Culvert ComponentsLC C ULVERT

O U TLET

BAR REL SEC TIO NBEVEL EN D

R IPR AP

APR O N

D /S IN VERTBEVEL EN D

C O LLAR

INLET

C ULVERT

STR EAM BED (U /S )

STR EAM BED (D /S )

U /S IN VERT

C O N CR ETEC UT -O F F WALL

C O N CR ETE AR CH(O R H EAD WALL)

FLO W

C RO W N O F R O AD

R O AD W AY SHO ULDER



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Slide 43

Rigid Culvert Components

Bridge Structure Types and Components. BRIDGE STRUCTURE TYPES AND COMPONENTS TECHNICAL STANDARDS...

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Transcript of Bridge Structure Types and Components. BRIDGE STRUCTURE TYPES AND COMPONENTS TECHNICAL STANDARDS...