Brian Green, David Martin The Book Business and International Information Standards
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Transcript of Brian Green, David Martin The Book Business and International Information Standards
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Brian Green, David MartinThe Book Business and International Information StandardsEDItEUR Seminar, Moscow, September 2007
ONIX: where it has come from and where it is going
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• Founded 1992 in Amsterdam as a European book trade EDI group
• Sponsored initially by the European federations of publisher, bookseller and library associations
• Now 90 members from 17 countries, including Australia, Canada, Japan, Russia, S Africa, USA
• Interests extending beyond EDI and book supply, to embrace all forms of electronic communication in the book and serials sectors
What is EDItEUR?
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• National groups, generally with interests in a particular part of EDItEUR’s work, such as ONIX
• Numbering agencies: ISBN, ISSN, GS1 (formerly EAN International)
• International DOI Foundation (IDF)
• ICEDIS: International Committee on EDI for Serials (managed by EDItEUR)
• IFLA, IPA
• Publishers, booksellers, distributors, systems vendors
EDItEUR partners
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• EDIFACT trading message formats
• XML trading message formats
• ONIX product information standards
• ONIX for licensing terms
• Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
EDItEUR standards
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• The Association of American Publishers ONIX (ONline Information eXchange) project began in Autumn 1999, with the aim of providing a standard format for publishers supplying product details, particularly to Internet booksellers
• AAP published ONIX Version 1 Guidelines for Information Exchange in January 2000, based partly on earlier EDItEUR work
• With AAP agreement, EDItEUR published ONIX for Books Release 1.0 in May 2000, and since then has managed all ONIX development
ONIX: the beginning
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• No longer just ONIX for Books:
• ONIX for Serials
• ONIX for registering identifiers
• ONIX for Licensing Terms
ONIX today and tomorrow
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• A family of XML formats for communicating rich metadata about books, serials and other published media, using common data elements and “composites”
• ONIX comprises XML Schemas, DTDs, code lists and user documentation
• All developed and maintained by EDItEUR through a growing number of partnerships with other organisations
What is ONIX?
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• Comprehensive bibliographic detail
• Text: descriptions, reviews, author biographies, extracts
• Images: jackets, thumbnails, author photos
• Audio and video, website links
• Territorial rights
• Prices and availability in different markets
• Promotional campaign information
ONIX for Books
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• Release 2.1 revision 03 is the current version
• Development is controlled by an International Steering Committee representing...
• ...fifteen countries in which ONIX has been adopted by the book trade: Australia, Canada, Germany, Finland, France (with French-speaking Canada and Belgium), Italy, Korea, Netherlands (with Flanders), Norway, Russia, Spain, Sweden, UK, US
• Different countries are at different stages of implementation
ONIX for Books
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• US: over 150 publishers sending ONIX feeds (October 2006)
• UK: 67 publishers (April 2007)
• Australia: 93 publishers (77% of the industry) (October 2006)
• Canada: 128 publishers (April 2007)
• Norway: about 70% of publishing output in ONIX in 2007
ONIX for Books
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• With seven years experience, the time has come for a full review of the standard
• The original requirement was for information about “traditional” books and other physical products – ONIX was designed for a physical supply chain, which still accounts for most publishing revenues
• However, publishers are increasingly producing digital content, and delivering it through different channels
• ONIX must handle digital products as an integral part of the format, not as an afterthought
ONIX for Books
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• Sooner or later we need a major new Release 3.0 of ONIX for Books, not only embracing digital content but also making many other improvements
• Currently, the Steering Committee is reviewing whether to move straight to this new release, or whether to make less extensive changes in a Release 2.2, to allow more time to work out the longer-term requirements
• A decision is expected at the Frankfurt Book Fair in October
ONIX for Books 3.0
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• An EDItEUR – NISO collaboration through a Joint Working Party (JWP)
• Three applications to date
• Serials Online Holdings (SOH): a format for communication between “publication access management systems” and libraries, to deliver details of the electronic holdings to which the library has access, and to populate resolution servers
• SOH Release 1.0 is published and in use: Release 1.1 is being prepared
ONIX for Serials
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• Serials Products and Subscriptions (SPS):(a) Communication of journal product catalogue information through the supply chain from publisher to subscription agent to library(b) Communication of details of subscriptions held by an individual library or a consortium
• SPS Release 0.91 is available on the EDItEUR website: implementation is starting
• An extended Release 0.92 is being prepared
ONIX for Serials
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• Serials Release Notification (SRN)
• A journal issue and article level format to be used for communicating details of printed or electronic content as it is released: two versions, one at issue level, the other at article level
• Release 0.91 of the issue-level message is published on the EDItEUR website
• A first release of the article-level message is being prepared
ONIX for Serials
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• Standard identifiers (such as ISBN) need to be associated with at least a minimum set of metadata describing the thing that is identified
• This principle is recognised in all recent work on identifier standards in ISO and elsewhere
• ONIX subsets can readily be defined as carriers for identifier registration metadata
ONIX for ID registration
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• DOI: a set of ONIX DOI registration formats has been developed, for serial and non-serial items, as works or as products, all available on the EDItEUR website
• ISBN-13: the new standard defines a minimum metadata requirement for ISBN agencies. An ONIX format and schema for ISBN-13 registration has been specified
• ISTC is expected to follow shortly
ONIX for ID registration
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• Growth of digital collections in libraries
• Need to automate management of digital resources
• Need to relate licences to institutional policies
• Variation in licensing terms
• Complexity of licence documentation
• Uncertainty at the point of use
• How could publishers and vendors help?
Licensing terms – the problem
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• Express licence terms in machine-readable form
• Communicate electronically from vendor to subscriber
• Enable licence terms to be loaded directly into a subscriber’s computer system
• But this needs a standard...
Deliver licence terms digitally
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• Some work on the encoding of licence terms was done as part of the US Electronic Resources Management Initiative (ERMI) in 2004, but this fell short of enabling a licence to be fully expressed
• EDItEUR undertook a proof of concept project in 2005, supported by the Publishers Licensing Society and JISC
• Followed by the publication of a first draft of an ONIX format for Publications Licences
ONIX for Licensing Terms (OLT)
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• OLT is a family of licence-related formats with a shared underlying framework
• A data model for describing licensing “events”
• All terms defined in a structured OLT Dictionary that will grow as new application needs are identified
• Individual formats specified – with appropriate levels of specialization – as separate XML schemas and documentation
The OLT framework
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• ONIX for Publications Licenses (ONIX-PL) for communicating electronic expressions of publisher/library licences
• ONIX for Repertoire, and ONIX for Distributions Message formats for the International Federation of Reproduction Rights Organizations (IFRRO)
• The Automated Content Access Protocol (ACAP) project is using OLT semantics to express permissions for use of web content in a form that can be interpreted by search engine crawlers
• Others to come
OLT applications
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• The common thread running through ONIX developments:
• ONIX Books 3.0 – enabling digital products to be described alongside traditional publications
• ONIX for Serials – driven by the need for better management of electronic journal collections
• ONIX for DOI registration – supporting the Digital Object Identifier
• ONIX for Licensing Terms – enabling compliance with licence permissions for digital content
The digital future...
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• www.editeur.org
• Brian Green: [email protected]
• David Martin: [email protected]
• Francis Cave: [email protected]
EDItEUR contacts