Breathing Mechanics of Breathing Timberlake, Chemistry 7 th Edition, page 254.
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Transcript of Breathing Mechanics of Breathing Timberlake, Chemistry 7 th Edition, page 254.
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Mechanics of Breathing
Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 254
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Air Pressure
Water pressure increasesdue to greater fluid aboveopening.
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“One Minute Left”
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SCUBA Diving
• Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus• Rapid rise causes “the bends”
– Nitrogen bubbles out of blood
rapidly from pressure decrease
Must rise slowly to the surface to avoid the “bends”.
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Exchange of Blood Gases
Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 273
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Solubility of Carbon Dioxide in Water
Temperature Pressure Solubility of CO2
Temperature Effect
0oC 1.00 atm 0.348 g / 100 mL H2O20oC 1.00 atm 0.176 g / 100 mL H2O40oC 1.00 atm 0.097 g / 100 mL H2O60oC 1.00 atm 0.058 g / 100 mL H2O
Pressure Effect
0oC 1.00 atm 0.348 g / 100 mL H2O0oC 2.00 atm 0.696 g / 100 mL H2O0oC 3.00 atm 1.044 g / 100 mL H2O
Notice that higher temperatures decrease the solubility and that higher pressures increase the solubility.
Corwin, Introductory Chemistry 4th Edition, 2005, page 370
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Vapor Pressure of Water Temp. Vapor Temp. Vapor Temp. Vapor (oC) Pressure (oC) Pressure (oC) Pressure (mm Hg) (mm Hg) (mm Hg)
0 4.6 21 18.7 35 41.2
5 6.5 22 19.8 40 55.3
10 9.2 23 21.1 50 71.9
12 10.5 24 22.4 55 92.5
14 12.0 25 23.8 35 118.0
16 13.6 26 25.2 40 149.4
17 14.5 27 26.7 40 233.7
18 15.5 28 28.4 55 355.1
19 16.5 29 30.0 35 525.8
20 17.5 30 31.8 40 760.0
Corwin, Introductory Chemistry 4th Edition, 2005, page 584
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Solventmolecules
Nonvolatilesolutemolecules
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Solventmolecules
Nonvolatilesolutemolecules
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Henry’s LawHenry’s law states that the solubility of oxygen gas is proportional
to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid.
EXAMPLE:
Calculate the solubility of oxygen gas in water at 25oC and a partial pressureof 1150 torr. The solubility of oxygen in water is 0.00414 g / 100 mL at 25oC and 760 torr.
0.00414 g / 100 mL1150 torr
760 torr= 0.00626 g / 100 mL
solubility x pressure factor = new greater solubility
Corwin, Introductory Chemistry 4th Edition, 2005, page 370
Note: 1 torr = 1 mm Hg