Breaking Down Work Barriers for People with Disabilities: … · 2019-03-18 · Breaking Down Work...
Transcript of Breaking Down Work Barriers for People with Disabilities: … · 2019-03-18 · Breaking Down Work...
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Breaking Down Work Barriers for
People with Disabilities:
Opportunities for Employers
Presenters:
Purvi Sevak and Alix Gould-Werth, Mathematica Policy Research
Kimberly Phillips, University of New Hampshire Institute on Disability
Discussant:Alan McClain, Commissioner of Arkansas Rehabilitation Services
WebinarMarch 1, 2018
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Welcome
Moderator:
Jody Schimmel Hyde
Mathematica Policy Research
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About the Center for Studying
Disability Policy (CSDP)
Mathematica established CSDP in 2007 to provide the nation’s leaders with the data necessary to shape disability policy and programs to fully meet the needs of all Americans with disabilities.
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Today’s speakersPurvi Sevak,
Mathematica Policy
Research
Alix Gould-Werth,
Mathematica Policy
Research
Kimberly Phillips,
University of New
Hampshire Institute on
Disability
Alan McClain,
Arkansas
Rehabilitation
Services
Commissioner
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The Role of
Workplace Accommodations in the
Employment of People With
Disabilities
Priyanka AnandGeorge Mason University
Purvi SevakMathematica Policy Research
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Traditional perspective on disability
focuses on individual
Source: Taxi Driver Training Pack. Democracy Disability,
and Society Group. Edinburgh 2003. http://ddsg.org.uk/taxi
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Our study is motivated by a broader
framework
Source: Taxi Driver Training Pack. Democracy Disability,
and Society Group. Edinburgh 2003. http://ddsg.org.uk/taxi
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● Workplace accommodations associated with:
– Better employment outcomes (Burkhauser et al. 1995; Cook et al. 2015)
– Delayed labor market exit among workers approaching retirement age (Hill et al. 2016)
● Receipt of accommodations
– Varies by race and education (Clay and Alston, 2016; Hill et al. 2016)
– Is higher among those with assertive personality traits (Hill et al. 2016)
Accommodations important but
unequally accessed
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1. Can accommodations address commonly cited employment barriers?
2. Are specific accommodations associated with higher job retention?
3. Which subgroups of individuals with disabilities are less likely to receive accommodations?
Questions addressed in this study
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● Sample included 3,000 applicants to state vocational rehabilitation (VR) agencies in 2014
– Includes Mississippi, New Jersey, and Ohio
– Ages 25–60
● By applying to state VR, these individuals have demonstrated an interest in work
● Survey includes information on
– Health and impairments
– Demographics and education
– Current and past employment
– Reasons for not working
– Receipt of accommodations
Data from the Survey of
Disability and Employment
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● Varied employment history
– 34% working at VR application
– 51% have worked both before and after disability onset
– 22% have not worked since disability onset
Limit sample to those with some
experience with employment
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● The 66% of respondents who were not working at the time of the survey were asked to report the reason(s) they were not working
● Could report multiple reasons
Can accommodations address
common employment barriers?
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Nonworking applicants cited a
number of employment barriers
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Perc
enta
ge
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Perceived barriers varied by type of
disability
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Perc
enta
ge
Physical only Sensory only Psychiatric only Multiple disabilities
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● Estimated relationship between employment status and receipt of accommodation at most recent (current or last) job:
– Flexible schedule
– Job coach
– Modified job duties
– Help with transportation
– Equipment or modified work space
– Personal care assistant
● Controlled for demographics and impairments
Are specific accommodations
associated with higher job retention?
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Flexible
schedule
Modified
job duties Transportation
Personal care
assistant
Adjusted difference in employment rates among applicants who had received
accommodation
Physical only ↑8 -- ↑8 --
Sensory only -- -- ↑8 --
Psychiatric
only
-- -- -- --
Multiple
disabilities↑6 ↑8 ↑10 ↑10
Accommodations associated with
significantly higher employment rates
Relative to an overall employment rate of 34%
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● Individuals who:
– Have physical or sensory disabilities only
– Report poor health
– Are older
– Have had their disability for longer
● They were also more likely to report inaccessibility as a barrier
Which subgroups are less likely to
receive accommodations?
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● One-third of nonworking people with disabilities reported employment barriers that could be addressed by accommodations
● Receiving certain accommodations (transportation, flexible work schedule, and personal care attendant) is positively correlated with job retention
● Perceived barriers and receipt of accommodations vary across subgroups
Summary
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● Our findings are encouraging because they point to specific factors that practitioners and employers can address
● The fact that accommodations to address commonly perceived barriers are positively associated with employment suggests the need for additional efforts to expand provision
● Policies and programs can empower employers to better understand how to provide effective accommodations
Implications for practice
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● Anand, Priyanka, and Purvi Sevak. “The Role of Workplace Accommodations in the Employment of People with Disabilities.” IZA Journal of Labor Policy, vol. 6, no. 12, 2017. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40173-017-0090-4
For more information
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● Funded by National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR), under the Rehabilitation and Research Training Center on Individual Characteristics Related to Employment Among Individuals with Disabilities (cooperative agreement 90RT5017-01-01)
● The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not represent the policy of HHS or NIDILRR.
● The authors retain sole responsibility for any errors or omissions.
Acknowledgements and disclaimer
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● Burkhauser, R.V., J.S. Butler, and Y.W. Kim. 1995. The importance of employer accommodation on the job duration of workers with disabilities: A hazard model approach. Labour Economics 2: 109–130.
● Clay, Shondra Loggins, and Reginald Alston. 2016. Assistive technology use and veterans: An examination of racial differences between whites and blacks using the HAAT model. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 45(2): 159–171.
● Cook, Judith A., J.K. Burke-Miller, and D.D. Grey. 2015. Reasons for job separation among people with psychiatric disabilities (DRC Brief 2015-04).Washington, DC: Mathematica Center for Studying Disability Policy.
● Hill, Matthew J., Nicole Maestas, and Kathleen J. Mullen. 2016. Employer Accommodation and Labor Supply of Disabled Workers. Labour Economics 41: 291–303.
References
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Contact information
Purvi SevakCenter for Studying Disability PolicyMathematica Policy ResearchP.O. Box 2393Princeton, NJ 08543(609) 945-6596
http://www.DisabilityPolicyResearch.org
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Employers' Perspectives on
Accommodating and Retaining
Employees with New Health Problems
Alix Gould-Werth, Katherine Morrison, Yonatan Ben-Shalom, Mathematica Policy Research
CSDP webinar
Breaking Down Employment Barriers for People with Disabilities: The Employer Perspective
March 1, 2018
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● Every year, millions of Americans lose jobs and leave the workforce because of health problems (Hollenbeck 2015)
● They experience reduced income, employers face reduced profits, and government loses taxes and pays more in disability benefits and health care (Schimmel and Stapleton 2012; Anand and Ben-Shalom 2017; Ben-
Shalom and Burak 2016)
Introduction:
Health problems affect the labor force
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● Which factors affect whether employers provide accommodations to, and ultimately retain, employees with health problems?
Central question
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● In-depth interviews with 14 employers in Arkansas
– 5 referrals from Arkansas Rehabilitation Services
– 8 referrals from a professional society
– 1 referral from a respondent
● Respondents described cases when employees developed or disclosed health problems
● Identifying details have been anonymized
Methods
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Sample characteristics
*Does not sum to 50 because respondents could report multiple health conditions.
Sample characteristics (n=50 cases)
Industries Health conditions* Status at interview
Finance/insurance 19 Cancer 7 Stayed at organization 21
Health care/social assistance 14 Musculoskeletal condition 5 Left due to health 11
Manufacturing 12 Sensory impairment 5 Left for other reason 4
Educational services 2 Leg/knee/foot injury 5 Terminated 4
Information 2 Mental/behavioral disorder 3 Status not provided 10
Transportation/warehousing 1 Other 22
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Findings
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Main argument
Employer action
Employee factors
Employer factors
Societal factors
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Society-level factors
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● Employers received valuable information and resources from programs like DOL’s Job Accommodation Network and the Arkansas Vocational Rehabilitation Agency’s Stay-at-Work/Return-to-Work program.
I'm not an expert on hearing: there would be no way that I could even say, “oh we need to get you hearing aids.” I don’t have any clue at all.
[Having] experts there… really does help
It was very convenient for [the representative] to come in and [provide assistance] for us as a free service, too.
--Employers describe experiences with publically available programs
Employers appreciate public resources
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● Employers received valuable information and resources from programs like DOL’s Job Accommodation Network and the Arkansas Vocational Rehabilitation Agency’s Stay-at-Work/Return-to-Work program.
“I'm not an expert on hearing. There would be no way that I could even say, ‘Oh, we need to get you hearing aids.’ I don’t have any clue at all.”
[Having] experts there… really does help
It was very convenient for [the representative] to come in and [provide assistance] for us as a free service, too.
--Employers describe experiences with publicly available programs
Employers appreciate public resources
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● Employers received valuable information and resources from programs like DOL’s Job Accommodation Network and the Arkansas Vocational Rehabilitation Agency’s Stay-at-Work/Return-to-Work program.
“I'm not an expert on hearing. There would be no way that I could even say, ‘Oh, we need to get you hearing aids.’ I don’t have any clue at all.”
“[Having] experts there… really does help.”
It was very convenient for [the representative] to come in and [provide assistance] for us as a free service, too.
--Employers describe experiences with publicly available programs
Employers appreciate public resources
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● Employers received valuable information and resources from programs like DOL’s Job Accommodation Network and the Arkansas Vocational Rehabilitation Agency’s Stay-at-Work/Return-to-Work program.
“I'm not an expert on hearing. There would be no way that I could even say, ‘Oh, we need to get you hearing aids.’ I don’t have any clue at all.”
“[Having] experts there… really does help.”
“It was very convenient for [the representative] to come in and [provide assistance] for us as a free service, too.”
--Employers describe experiences with publicly available programs
Employers appreciate public resources
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● Employers received valuable information and resources from programs like DOL’s Job Accommodation Network and the Arkansas Vocational Rehabilitation Agency’s Stay-at-Work/Return-to-Work program.
“I'm not an expert on hearing. There would be no way that I could even say, ‘Oh, we need to get you hearing aids.’ I don’t have any clue at all.”
“[Having] experts there… really does help.”
“It was very convenient for [the representative] to come in and [provide assistance] for us as a free service, too.”
--Employers describe experiences with publicly available programs
Employers appreciate public resources
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Employer-level factors
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● Financial resources, staff capacity, and other private resources helped employers provide accommodations
“We probably spent at least a year working [to accommodate] the individual, despite the frustrations, and the hardships, and all the extra manpower that was required.”
--Human resources (HR) director describes efforts to accommodate an employee with a cognitive disability
Ample resources facilitate
accommodations
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● The employer’s ability to effectively communicate with
– The employee
– Human resources staff
– Supervisors
– Doctors
– Insurance providers
was a key factor influencing the employer’s understanding in what accommodations were needed and how to facilitate retention.
Communication problems create
challenges for employers
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● The employer’s ability to effectively communicate with
– The employee
– Human resources staff
– Supervisors
– Doctors
– Insurance providers
was a key factor influencing the employer’s understanding in what accommodations were needed and how to facilitate retention.
Communication problems create
challenges for employers
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● The employer’s ability to effectively communicate with
– The employee
– HR staff
– Supervisors
– Doctors
– Insurance providers
was a key factor influencing the employer’s understanding in what accommodations were needed and how to facilitate retention.
Communication problems create
challenges for employers
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● The employer’s ability to effectively communicate with
– The employee
– HR staff
– Supervisors
– Doctors
– Insurance providers
was a key factor influencing the employer’s understanding in what accommodations were needed and how to facilitate retention.
Communication problems create
challenges for employers
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● The employer’s ability to effectively communicate with
– The employee
– HR staff
– Supervisors
– Doctors
– Insurance providers
was a key factor influencing the employer’s understanding in what accommodations were needed and how to facilitate retention.
Communication problems create
challenges for employers
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● The employer’s ability to effectively communicate with
– The employee
– HR staff
– Supervisors
– Doctors
– Insurance providers
was a key factor influencing the employer’s understanding in what accommodations were needed and how to facilitate retention.
Communication problems create
challenges for employers
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“[The employee] cited that he had an anxiety disorder and he presented documentation [to the HR group] from a health care provider… We had to convey to him the company's position from the standpoint of the expectation for him to be able to do certain things… [We told him] we can't just take certain functions off your plate but we can modify your work hours and maybe modify the number of [supervisees] that you are responsible for…
We engaged with his managers after we discussed the issues with him.”
--HR staff member describes successfully orchestrating communication among an employee with an anxiety disorder, the employee’s supervisor, and the employee’s doctor
Communication problems create
challenges for employers
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“[The employee] cited that he had an anxiety disorder and he presented documentation [to the HR group] from a health care provider… We had to convey to him the company's position from the standpoint of the expectation for him to be able to do certain things… [We told him] we can't just take certain functions off your plate but we can modify your work hours and maybe modify the number of [supervisees] that you are responsible for…
We engaged with his managers after we discussed the issues with him.”
--HR staff member describes successfully orchestrating communication among an employee with an anxiety disorder, the employee’s supervisor, and the employee’s doctor
Communication problems create
challenges for employers
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“[The employee] cited that he had an anxiety disorder and he presented documentation [to the HR group] from a health care provider… We had to convey to him the company's position from the standpoint of the expectation for him to be able to do certain things… [We told him] we can't just take certain functions off your plate but we can modify your work hours and maybe modify the number of [supervisees] that you are responsible for…
We engaged with his managers after we discussed the issues with him.”
--HR staff member describes successfully orchestrating communication among an employee with an anxiety disorder, the employee’s supervisor, and the employee’s doctor
Communication problems create
challenges for employers
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“[The employee] cited that he had an anxiety disorder and he presented documentation [to the HR group] from a health care provider… We had to convey to him the company's position from the standpoint of the expectation for him to be able to do certain things… [We told him] we can't just take certain functions off your plate but we can modify your work hours and maybe modify the number of [supervisees] that you are responsible for…
We engaged with his managers after we discussed the issues with him.”
--HR staff member describes successfully orchestrating communication among an employee with an anxiety disorder, the employee’s supervisor, and the employee’s doctor
Communication problems create
challenges for employers
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49
“[The employee] cited that he had an anxiety disorder and he presented documentation [to the HR group] from a health care provider… We had to convey to him the company's position from the standpoint of the expectation for him to be able to do certain things… [We told him] we can't just take certain functions off your plate but we can modify your work hours and maybe modify the number of [supervisees] that you are responsible for…
We engaged with his managers after we discussed the issues with him.”
--HR staff member describes successfully orchestrating communication among an employee with an anxiety disorder, the employee’s supervisor, and the employee’s doctor
Communication problems create
challenges for employers
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50
“[The employee] cited that he had an anxiety disorder and he presented documentation [to the HR group] from a health care provider… We had to convey to him the company's position from the standpoint of the expectation for him to be able to do certain things… [We told him] we can't just take certain functions off your plate but we can modify your work hours and maybe modify the number of [supervisees] that you are responsible for…
We engaged with his managers after we discussed the issues with him.”
--HR staff member describes successfully orchestrating communication among an employee with an anxiety disorder, the employee’s supervisor, and the employee’s doctor
Communication problems create
challenges for employers
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Employee-level factors
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● Employees who had worked at their organization for four or more years were more likely to be retained than those with shorter tenure.
“The individual hadn’t been with the company very long. That’s typically when you’re going to see retention not working out [because you don’t] feel compelled to have to offer as much as you would someone who put in [more] time with the organization.”
– An HR Director summarizes her decision not to attempt to accommodate a new employee who developed a back problem shortly after being hired
Tenure
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● Employees who had worked at their organization for four or more years were more likely to be retained than those with shorter tenure.
“The individual hadn’t been with the company very long. That’s typically when you’re going to see retention not working out [because you don’t] feel compelled to have to offer as much as you would someone who put in [more] time with the organization.”
– An HR director summarizes her decision not to attempt to accommodate a new employee who developed a back problem shortly after being hired
Tenure
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● Employee work performance before onset of a health problem appeared to affect employer efforts to accommodate and retain workers.
● 6 of 14 employers cited good performance as a factor that incentivized them to “make more of an effort” to accommodate employees.
Work performance
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“Brand new employee, been here two months. Picking up her twins after school – [when she has a terrible traffic accident resulting in] multiple, multiple surgeries. [Despite this], the employee’s manager said, ‘I know they don’t qualify for FMLA, however, what I’ve seen in two months is the type of employee I want. Whatever it takes, I want them back.’”
-- HR manager describes how an employee’s performance incentivized accommodations
Work performance
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● It was more challenging to accommodate and retain workers in physically active roles than those in sedentary roles
– A director of HR at a health services organization described feeling like her “hands were tied” when a nurse developed a back problem
Type of work
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● It was more challenging to accommodate and retain workers in physically active roles than those in sedentary roles
– A director of HR at a health services organization described feeling like her “hands were tied” when a nurse developed a back problem
Type of work
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● Musculoskeletal conditions and conditions that could be addressed with ergonomic adjustments described as “low-hanging fruit”
● Mental and behavioral health conditions, terminal illnesses, and health problems that hindered the ability to perform basic activities of daily living were challenging to accommodate.
Type of health problem
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“It is almost impossible [to retain employees with mental and behavioral health conditions] because I think they don’t expect [their employer] to be acting in their best interest. So when we call to find out how they are doing, they are really suspicious. It is really difficult to get information back.”
-- HR professional describes challenges retaining employees with mental and behavioral health conditions
Type of health problem
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Policy interventions aimed at bolstering employers’ resources and improving the flow of information should help employers with deficiencies in these areas
When early intervention requires employer involvement, take into account the differential treatment of employees with new health problems by employers
Policy implications
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● Bolstering employer resources and improving the flow of information could help employers accommodate employees.
● When early intervention requires employer involvement, take employee characteristics into account.
Policy implications
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● Anand, P., and Y. Ben-Shalom. “The Promise of Better Economic Outcomes for Workers with Musculoskeletal Conditions.” New York: Roosevelt House Public Policy Institute at Hunter College, 2017.
● Ben-Shalom, Y., and H. Burak. “The Case for Public Investment in Stay-at-Work/Return-to-Work Programs.” Washington, DC: Mathematica Policy Research, Center for Studying Disability Policy, 2016.
● Hollenbeck, K. “Promoting Retention or Reemployment of Workers After a Significant Injury or Illness.” Washington, DC: Mathematica Policy Research, Center for Studying Disability Policy, 2015.
● Schimmel, J.H., and D. Stapleton. “The Financial Repercussions of New Work-Limiting Health Conditions for Older Workers.” The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Finance, vol. 49, 2012, pp. 141–163.
References
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● Funded by National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR), under the Rehabilitation and Research Training Center on Employment Policy and Measurement (cooperative agreement 9ORT5037-02-00)
● The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not represent the policy of HHS or NIDILRR.
● The authors retain sole responsibility for any errors or omissions.
Acknowledgments and disclaimer
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Contact information
Alix Gould-WerthCenter for Studying Disability PolicyMathematica Policy Research1100 1st Street NE, 12th FloorWashington, DC 20002(202) 552-6493
http://www.DisabilityPolicyResearch.org
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Kimberly Phillips, PhDUniversity of New Hampshire
Institute on Disability
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Identify the practices used by
employers to increase the employment
of people with disabilities and the
effectiveness of these practices.
Main objective
66
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• 3,085 supervisors from across the country
• Drawn from Qualtrics Business-to-Business panel
• Subject areas:
– Recruiting & hiring, onboarding & training, retention &
accommodation
• Within each subject area:
– Processes and practices and their effectiveness
– Commitment from supervisors and upper management
– Open-ended question to obtain examples
Description
67
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Company size (number of employees)
68
Number of
employees n %
25 – 99 692 22.4
100 – 499 910 29.5
500 – 999 401 13.0
1,000 + 1,082 35.1
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Supervisory experience of respondents
69
How long at
employer
Years %
1 to 5 32
6 to 10 29
11 to 20 24
21 or more 15
How long
supervising
Years %
1 or fewer 13
2 to 5 40
6 to 10 21
11 or more 26
How many
supervised
Number %
1 to 5 36
6 to 10 23
11 to 20 19
21 or more 22
69
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Experience supervising people with disabilities
70
%
Experience 51
- Hearing 20
- Vision 9
- Mobility 26
- Cognitive 27
No experience 49
70
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General experience with disability
71
%
Any experience 45
- Own 18
- Someone close 39
Hearing 14
Vision 6
Ambulatory 18
Cognitive 21
No experience 55
71
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Underutilized effective practices seen as
feasible
Common practices are effective for many -
Universal Design
Upper management’s commitment is key to
success of employees with disabilities and
their supervisors
72
Improve corporate culture and practices
72
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Commitment of upper management and
importance to supervisor
73 73
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Hiring PWD
74
10% 8%
26% 24%
45%46%
20% 22%
Upper managementcommitment
Importance to supervisor
Not at all
Somewhat
Very
Not very
Upper management
commitment
Importance to
supervisor
74
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Hiring PWD
75
10% 8%
26% 24%
45%46%
20% 22%
Upper managementcommitment
Importance to supervisor
Not at all
Somewhat
Very
Not very
Upper management
commitment
Importance to
supervisor
75
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Supporting PWD learn the job
76
5%2%
13% 3%
40%
18%
43%
78%
Upper managementcommitment
Importance to supervisor
Not at all
Somewhat
Very
Not very
Upper management
commitment
Importance to
supervisor
76
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Supporting PWD learn the job
77
5%2%
13% 3%
40%
18%
43%
78%
Upper managementcommitment
Importance to supervisor
Not at all
Somewhat
Very
Not very
Upper management
commitment
Importance to
supervisor
77
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Providing requested accommodations
78
4%2%
10% 4%
39%
28%
47%
66%
Upper managementcommitment
Importance to supervisor
Not at all
Somewhat
Very
Not very
Upper management
commitment
Importance to
supervisor
78
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Providing requested accommodations
79
4%2%
10% 4%
39%
28%
47%
66%
Upper managementcommitment
Importance to supervisor
Not at all
Somewhat
Very
Not very
Upper management
commitment
Importance to
supervisor
79
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Organizational processes
80
- Has process?
- Effective?
- As effective for PWD?
80
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Recruiting process
81
84%90%
61%
Has process Process effective As effective PWD
Yes No Don't know
81
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Recruiting process
82
84%90%
61%
Has process Process effective As effective PWD
Yes No Don't know
82
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Recruiting process
83
84%90%
61%
Has process Process effective As effective PWD
Yes No Don't know
83
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Organizational hiring goals
84
57%
12%
28%
Diversity Disability
Disability as diversity
84
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Organizational hiring goals
85
57%
12%
28%
Diversity Disability
Disability as diversity
85
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“Moderate” to “a lot” of effort
spent on recruiting
86
74%
69%
44%
General Diversity Disability
86
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86% 93%
73%
Has process Process effective As effective PWD
Yes No Don't know
Process: Supporting new employees learn job
87 87
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86% 93%
73%
Has process Process effective As effective PWD
Yes No Don't know
Process: Supporting new employees learn job
88 88
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86% 93%
73%
Has process Process effective As effective PWD
Yes No Don't know
Process: Supporting new employees learn job
89 89
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66% 96%
59%
Has process Process effective Orientation
Yes No Don't know
Process: Request accommodations
90 90
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66% 96%
59%
Has process Process effective Orientation
Yes No Don't know
Process: Request accommodations
91 91
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66% 96%
59%
Has process Process effective Orientation
Yes No Don't know
Process: Request accommodations
92 92
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Centralized accommodation fund
93
16% 94%
35%
49%
Has fund Effective
Yes No Don't know
93
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Centralized accommodation fund
94
16% 94%
35%
49%
Has fund Effective
Yes No Don't know
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Specific practices
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Recruiting: Partner with disability organizations
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27%
35%
38%
Yes
No
Don’t know
Use
s p
ractice?
Effective?95%
66%
85%
Feasible?
Feasible?
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Training practices: Short-term outside assistance
97
19%
56%
25%
Yes
Sometimes
No
Use
s p
ractice?
Effective?89%
82%
70%
Effective?
Feasible?
As effective
PWD?86%
86%
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Training practices: Job shadowing
98
61%
12%
27%
Yes
Sometimes
No
Use
s p
ractice?
Effective?98%
93%
70%
Effective?
Feasible?
As effective
PWD?
80%
75%As effective
PWD?
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Accommodation practices: Job sharing
99
13%
57%
37%
Yes
Sometimes
No
Use
s p
ractice?
Effective?95%
86%
48%
Effective?
Feasible?
92%
84%As effective
PWD?
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Accommodation practices: work from home
(at least some of the time)
100
18%
45%
38%
Yes
Sometimes
No
Use
s p
ractice?
Effective?85%
74%
21%
Effective?
Feasible?
As effective
PWD?
87%
69%
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Key takeaways
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• The importance that supervisors give to hiring
PWD mirrors their perceived commitment of
senior management to hiring PWD
• Supervisors attach much more importance to
supporting PWD learning the job and providing
accommodations than they believe that upper
management is committed to doing the same
Commitment/importance
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• Most employers have recruiting and training
processes
– Most believe they are as effective for PWD
• Many (66%) employers have accommodation
processes
– Nearly all believe they are effective
– Support needed for 34% that don’t have them
Effective processes
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• The findings suggest some opportunities:
– Practices that few employers use
– When used, they are effective
– When not used, they are feasible
• In particular:
– Partnering with disability organization in recruiting
– Short-term outside training assist. (e.g., job coach)
– Job sharing
Specific practices
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Thank You
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Workplace Accommodations:
Implications for Public PolicyAlan McClain, Commissioner
Arkansas Rehabilitation Services
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Audience Q&APurvi Sevak,
Mathematica Policy
Research
Alix Gould-Werth,
Mathematica Policy
Research
Kimberly Phillips,
University of New
Hampshire Institute on
Disability
Alan McClain,
Arkansas
Rehabilitation
Services
Commissioner
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Contact information
Jody Schimmel HydeCenter for Studying Disability PolicyMathematica Policy Research1100 1st Street NE, 12th FloorWashington, DC 20002(202) 448-9220
http://www.DisabilityPolicyResearch.org
96