Brazilian Ofﬁ cial Pharmacopoeia Divulgação - SciELO · Brazilian Ofﬁ cial Pharmacopoeia ......

408

Div

ulga

ção

ISSN 0102-695X

Revista Brasileira de FarmacognosiaBrazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy

16(3): 408-420, Jul./Set. 2006Received 01/23/06. Accepted 06/20/06

* E-mail: [email protected], Tel. + 55-31-34996970, Fax + 55-31-34996935

Medicinal plants and other botanical products from the Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia

Maria G. Lins Brandão1*, Gustavo P. Cosenza1, Raquel Assis Moreira1,Roberto L.M. Monte-Mor2

1Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil,

2Economic Sciences Faculty, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

RESUMO: “Plantas medicinais e outros produtos vegetais da Farmacopéia Brasileira”. Este artigo descreve os resultados de uma extensa revisão efetuada nas quatro edições da Farmacopéia Brasileira, buscando dados sobre as plantas medicinais e outros produtos vegetais nela descritos. O crescimento da indústria farmacêutica internacional a partir da segunda metade do século passado afetou intensamente a medicina ofi cial no Brasil. O texto faz uma breve análise das transformações sofridas pela Farmacopéia, tomando como base a existência de Monografi as para as espécies vegetais nativas. Os resultados do estudo demonstram uma intensa substituição das plantas nativas do Brasil por medicamentos industrializados e outros produtos vegetais estrangeiros, confi rmando assim a necessidade de investimentos em pesquisa de validação das nossas plantas medicinais.

Unitermos: Farmacopéia Brasileira, plantas medicinais, Brasil.

ABSTRACT: In this paper, we describe the results of a thorough survey in the four editions of the Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia (FBRAS), in a search for data about the plants and other botanical products included in them. The growth of the pharmaceutical industry since the second half of last century markedly affected the Brazilian offi cial medicine. The paper analyses the transformation within the Pharmacopoeia, focusing on the presence of Monographs for Native medicinal plants. The result showed a strong substitution of Native American medicinal plants by industrialized medicine and foreign medicinal plants in FBRAS and confi rms the necessity of investiments in research for the validation of Brazilian Native plants.

Keywords: Offi cial Pharmacopoeia, medicinal plants, Brazil.

INTRODUCTION

In 2001, the Council of Genetic Heritage of Brazil’s Ministry of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (Conselho de Patrimônio Genético do Ministério do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Naturais Renováveis - CGEN/MMA) instituted a decree (2.186-16/2001) establishing a series of regulatory norms for the collection and bioprospection of medicinal plants in the country. Such a decree responded to a recommendation by the Biological Diversity Convention (Convenção da Diversidade Biológica - CDB) and it was considered necessary in the face of the growing interest on products related to the Brazilian biodiversity and of the need to share with traditional populations the profi ts derived from their commercial exploitation.

In April 2006, our research group (GEPLAMT-UFMG) wrote a report for the Public Attorney (Ministério Público) of the state of Minas Gerais about the current situation of the native plants that are commonly used in

this state’s traditional medicine, in an attempt to verify if they require some kind of legal protection (see www.mp.mg.gov.br). More recently, the Federal Government made public, through the Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Commerce, a list of three thousand plants and botanical products for legal protection against foreign patents. All these measures aim to establish forms of protective actions for the country’s biodiversity and traditional medicine, which is still quite unkown.

In this study, we present a list of the medicinal plants and other botanical products described in the four Editions of the Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia (FBRAS) (Pharmacopoeia dos Estados Unidos do Brasil, 1926; Farmacopeia Brasileira, 1959; Farmacopeia Brasileira, 1977; Farmacopeia Brasileira, 1988-1996). The objectives of this study are to contribute for the protection of the native species included in the FBRAS, and to guide Brazilian researches in perfor ming validation studies for them.

409

Maria G. Lins Brandão, Gustavo P. Cosenza, Raquel Assis Moreira, Roberto L.M. Monte-Mor

Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.16(3):jul/set. 2006

METHODS

The Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia (FBRAS) has three older Editions published in 1926, 1959, 1977 and the newest Edition published since 1988. Each edition of FBRAS was carefully revised by us in order to obtain data about the described medicinal plants and other botanical products. Each pharmaceutical product is described in the Pharmacopoeias in the form of Monographs. For herbal products, the Monographs include data about botanical, physical-chemical and chemical analysis. From the Monographs, we extracted data about popular and scientifi c names of each species, their botanical Families, the part of the plant used, and the type of medicine described for each one in the four different Editions: vegetal drug (vd), tincture (tn), fl uid extracts (fe), oils, essencial oils (es), dry extracts (ex) and other forms. All the results were organized in Table 1.

The names of each species and their Botanical Families were updated with data researched in the site of the Missouri Botanical Garden (www.mobot.org). For those species whose names were not found in that site, we maintained the name as described in the FBRAS. References about the geographic origin were obtained from classical literature in the Pharmacognosy area such as Gilg et al. (1942), Youngken (1943), Golse (1955), Casamada (1977), Costa (1996) as well as in hystoric bibliography that described the use of medicinal plants in Minas Gerais in the nineteenth century (Burton, 1977; Dean, 1996; Figueiredo, 2002; Godoy, 1996; Mawe, 1978; Pohl, 1976; Saint-Hilaire, 1974; Silva, 1997; Spix, 1981). Native species from Brazil are indicated in Table 1 with an ‘*’.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

In this study, we have performed an extensive revision within the FBRAS editions to verify all the medicinal plants and botanical products there described, looking at a total of 985 Monographs. The Monographs are for 321 different species, distributed in 98 Botanical Families. Table 1 shows the described plant and products, their respective popular and scientifi c names, Botanical Families, the part(s) used for pharmaceutical forms in each Edition of FBRAS. Several plants are intensively used for preparation of medicine as Digitalis and Cinchona species but others, such as Erytroxylum coca, Cannabis sativa or Colchicum automnale, do not have any signifi cant importance as sources of medicines.

The First Edition of FBRAS, published in 1926, includes 1702 Monographs for medicinal products. Among those, 713 Monographs (42%) refer to medicinal plants (228 for vegetal drugs and 83 for powdered drug) and products obtained from extraction: 167 Monographs for fl uid-extracts (fe), 108 Monographs for tinctures (tn), 59 Monographs for dry extracts (ex), 40 for essential oils, 10 for oils and 18 for other products. That edition

was published at a time when medicine preparation was predominatly based on natural products and plants were still the main source of materials for those products. The Second Edition was published in 1956 and includes 814 Monographs. From those, 193 (23,7%) refer to medicinal plants and other botanical products. That edition came out soon after the Second World War, a period in which several synthetic medicines were developed. At that time, an accelerated expansion of pharmaceutical production also began in Brazil with the establishment of multinational pharmaceutical companies in the country. In 1977 the Brazilian Government published the Third Edition of FBRAS including 471 Monographs for medicinal products, but the number of Monographs for medicinal plants and botanical products was strongly reduced to only 23 (4,8%). That edition does not have any Monographs for fl uid-extracts, tinctures and other products from extraction of vegetal drugs. The period was characterized by a strong wave of industrialization in Brazil and by the consolidation of foreign pharmaceutical companies within the country. The Fourth and last Edition includes, until today, only 44 Monographs for medicinal plants and botanical products. Our results show how plants have been highly substituted by synthetic medicines in the Brazilian offi cial medicine throughout the years. Table 2 shows the evolution of the number of Monographs for native Brazilian plants in FBRAS. Among those 713 Monographs in the 1st edition, 196 (27,5%) refer to medicinal plants or botanical products native from Brasil. It can be shown that those species were included in the Pharmacopoeia due their successful use by physicians and pharmacists at that time. The 2nd edition included 205 Monographs for medicinal plants and products, 32 (15,6%) of them referring to Brazilian Native plants and products. Among the 23 Monographs for vegetal products included in the 3rd edition, only 4 (17,4%) refer to Brazilian Native plants, while all the other Monographs refer to exotic or imported species. In FBRAS’s 4th edition, the fi rst Monographs for vegetal drugs were only published in 1996 and today it includes 44 Monographs, 11 (25%) of which referring to Native Brazilian medicinal plants and products.

CONCLUSION

Our survey showed a strong substitution of medicinal plantas and other native products of Brazil by synthetic products and foreign plants within FBRAS in the last decades. It shows how biodiversity and native plants and products are being progressively excluded from Brazil’s offi cial medicine throughout the years. The Fourth Edition includes a larger number of Monographs referring to native plants and products, but they are still of little signifi cance in the face of the vast available and acknowledged biodiversity and the extremely rich and still unknown traditional medicine. Special efforts are urgently necessary to validate and protect these plants.

410


Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.Braz J. Pharmacogn.

16(3):jul/set. 2006

Tabl

e 1.

Med

icin

al p

lant

s fro

m B

razi

lian

Offi

cial

Pha

rmac

opoe

ia, t

heir

resp

ectiv

e fa

mili

es, s

cien

tifi c

and

pop

ular

nam

es, p

art u

sed

and

prod

uct d

escr

ibed

in e

ach

editi

on.

FAM

ILY

SC

IEN

TIFI

C N

AM

E PO

PULA

R N

AM

E PA

RT

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

ALI

SMA

TAC

EAE

Echi

nodo

rus m

acro

phyl

lus (

Kun

th)

Mic

heli*

C

hapé

u de

Cou

ro /

Chá

min

eiro

Lv

s Fe

vd

AN

AC

AR

DIA

CEA

E An

acar

dium

occ

iden

tale

L.*

C

ajue

iro

Wod

vd

, fe,

tn

Schi

nus t

ereb

inth

ifoliu

s Rad

di*

Aro

eira

/ A

guar

á-yb

a / C

orne

iba

/ A

roei

ra v

erm

elha

R

ind

vd, f

e, tn

API

AC

EAE

Anet

hum

gra

veol

ens L

. En

dro

Fru

vd

Apiu

m g

rave

olen

s L.

Aip

o R

ts

vd

Arch

ange

lica

offic

inal

is H

offm

. A

ngél

ica

Rts

vd

Ca

rum

car

vi L

. A

lcar

avia

Fr

u Es

Co

nium

mac

ulat

um L

. C

icut

a / C

egud

e / A

nsar

inha

mal

hada

/

Cic

uta

mai

ror /

Cic

uta

terr

estre

Fr

u vd

, fe,

pw

Co

rian

drum

sativ

um L

. C

oent

ro

Fru

vd, e

s, pw

V

d

Dor

ema

amm

onia

cum

D. D

on

Gom

a am

onia

ca

Gum

vd

Fe

rula

ass

a-fo

etid

a L.

/ F.

nar

thex

Boi

ss.

Ass

a fé

tida

Ltx

Em, p

il, tn

Fe

rula

gal

bani

flua

Boi

ss. &

Buh

se

Gal

bano

G

um, r

esin

es

, vd

Foen

icul

um v

ulga

re M

ill.

Func

ho

Fru

tn, v

d, e

s, pw

Es

Vd

Ce

ntel

la a

siatic

a (L

.) U

rb ./

Hyd

roco

tyle

um

bella

ta L

.

Aca

riçob

a / H

erva

cap

itão

/Cen

tela

Lv

s tn

, vd,

fe

Vd

Pe

tros

elin

um sa

tivum

Hof

fm.

Sals

a ho

rtens

e / S

alsa

com

um /

Sals

a vu

lgar

Fr

u vd

Pi

mpi

nella

ani

sum

L.

Ani

z / A

niz

verd

e / E

rva

doce

Fr

u vd

, es,

pw

vd, p

w, e

s

Vd

APO

CY

NA

CEA

E G

eiss

ospe

rmum

laev

e (V

ell.)

Mie

rs*

Pa

u pe

reira

/ Pa

u fo

rqui

lha

/ Pau

de

pent

e / C

amar

á de

bilr

o / C

amar

á do

mat

o / C

anud

o am

argo

so /

Ping

uaci

ba

Rnd

vd

, fe,

tn

As

pido

sper

ma

pyrif

oliu

m M

art.

/ M

acag

lia p

erob

a (F

reire

Alle

mão

) Lyo

ns*

Pero

ba /

Pero

ba ro

sa /

Pero

ba re

vess

a / Q

uina

de

cam

pos

/ Sob

ro

Rnd

vd

, fe

Pl

umer

ia la

ncifo

lia M

üll.

Arg

.*

Ago

niad

a / S

ucuu

ba /

Ara

pué

Rnd

vd

, ex,

fe, p

w

Rauw

olfia

serp

entin

a L.

R

auvo

lfia

Rts

vd

St

roph

antu

s gra

tus (

Wal

l. &

Hoo

k.)

Fran

chet

Es

trofa

nto

Sed

tn, v

d, p

w

vd, p

w

AQ

UIF

OLI

AC

EAE

Ilex

para

guar

iens

is A

. Sai

nt-H

il.*

Mat

e / E

rva

mat

e / C

aa-m

irim

/ C

ongo

nha

/ Chá

do

s jes

uíta

s Lv

s vd

, pw

AR

AC

EAE

Acor

us c

alam

us L

. C

álam

o ar

omát

ico

Rts

vd

, pw

, tn

A

REC

AC

EAE

Cocc

us n

ucife

ra L

. / C

. but

yrac

eae

L.

Coc

o Fr

u O

il

Co

pern

icia

cer

ifera

(Arr

uda)

Mar

t*

Car

naub

eira

/ C

arna

úba

/ Car

andá

R

ts, w

ax

vd, e

x, fe

AR

ISTO

LOC

HIA

CEA

E Ar

istol

ochi

a cy

mbi

fera

Mar

t. &

Zuc

c.*

Cas

saú

/ Jar

rinha

/ C

ipó

mil

hom

ens /

Pap

o de

per

u / P

apo

de g

alo

/ Cip

ó m

ata-

cobr

as /

Ang

élic

o /

Cas

saiú

Rts

tn, v

d, e

x, fe

, pw

Ar

istol

ochi

a se

rpen

tari

a L.

/ A.

retic

ulat

a

Nut

t. Se

rpen

tária

/ Se

rpen

tária

da

Virg

ínia

/ V

iper

ina

do

Texa

s Rt

s tn

, fe,

pw

, vd

ASC

LEPI

AD

AC

EAE

Mar

sden

ia c

undu

rang

o R

chb.

F.

Con

dura

ngo

Wod

tn

, vd,

fe, p

w

A

STER

AC

EAE

Achy

rocl

ine

satu

reio

ides

(Lam

.) D

C.*

Mac

ela

/ Mar

cela

/ M

acel

a do

cam

po

Flo

vd

Anac

yclu

s pyr

ethr

um (L

.) Ca

ss.

Py

reth

ro /

Pyre

thro

da

Áfri

ca /

Saliv

aria

/ Pa

rieta

ria d

e Es

panh

a R

ts

vd, t

n

411



An

them

is no

bilis

L.

Cam

omila

Rom

ana

/ Cam

omila

nob

re /

Cam

omila

ve

rdad

eira

Fl

o tn

, vd,

es,

ex,

fe

Ar

ctiu

m la

ppa

L.

Bar

dana

/ Er

va d

os ti

nhos

os /

Pega

maç

o R

ts

vd, e

x, fe

, pw

Ar

nica

mon

tana

L.

Arn

ica

Rts

, flo

fe

, tn

vd, p

w

vd

Arte

misi

a ci

na B

erg

ex P

olja

kov

Sem

em-c

ontra

/ Sa

nton

ica

/ Bar

botin

a / S

emen

te

de A

lexa

ndria

/ Se

men

cina

Fl

o vd

, pw

Ar

tem

isia

absin

thiu

m L

. Lo

sna

/ Abs

intio

/ G

rand

e ab

sint

io /

Losn

a m

aior

/ A

cint

ro /

Abs

into

Lv

s, fl

o vd

, ex,

fe, t

n

Ar

tem

isia

vulg

aris

L.

Arte

mís

ia /

Arte

mís

ica

com

um /

Arte

mija

/ Fl

or d

e S.

João

Lv

s, fl

o vd

Ba

ccha

ris tr

imer

a (L

ess.)

DC

* C

arqu

eja

amar

ga

Wpl

/ stm

tn

, vd,

fe

Vd

Ch

icor

ium

inty

bus L

. C

hicó

ria /

Chi

cória

selv

agem

/Alm

eirã

o lv

s, rt

s vd

, ex,

fe

Cyna

ra sc

olym

us L

. A

lcac

hofr

a Lv

s

vd, f

e vd

Eu

pato

rium

aya

pana

Ven

t. A

yapa

na

Lvs

vd, f

e, tn

G

rind

elia

cam

poru

m G

reen

e / G

. cu

neifo

lia N

utt.

/ G. s

quar

rosa

(Pur

sh)

Dun

al

Grin

delia

/ M

alm

eque

r do

cam

po

Lvs,

flo

fe, v

d, tn

fe

, vd,

tn

M

atric

aria

recu

tita

L.

Cam

omila

vul

gar /

Cam

omila

dos

ale

mãe

s /

Mat

ricar

ia

Flo

tn, v

d, e

s, ex

vd

, tn

V

d

M

ikan

ia g

lom

erat

a Sp

reng

* G

uaco

/ G

uaco

liso

/ G

uaco

de

chei

ro /

Cip

ó ca

atin

ga

Lvs

tn, v

d, fe

V

d

M

ikan

ia h

irsu

tissi

ma

DC

.*

Cip

ó ca

belu

do

Lvs,

flo

fe

Sene

cio

bras

ilien

sis (S

pren

g.) L

ess*

Ta

snei

rinha

/ C

ravo

do

cam

po /

Cat

ião

/ Mar

ia

mol

e W

pl

vd, f

e

So

lidag

o m

icro

glos

sa D

C*

Arn

ica

silv

estre

/ Er

va la

ncet

a Lv

s, fl

o vd

, fe,

tn

Spila

nthe

s acm

ella

(L.)

Mur

ray*

A

griã

o do

Par

á / J

ambu

/ N

ham

bu /

Jam

bu-a

çu /

Jam

bu-ra

na

Lvs,

flo

vd

, tn

St

evia

reba

udia

na (B

erto

ni) B

erto

ni

Esté

via

Lvs

Vd

Ta

raxa

cum

tara

xacu

m v

ar. s

copu

loru

m

(A. G

ray)

A. H

elle

r Ta

raxa

co /

Den

te d

e le

ão

Rts

vd

BER

BER

IDA

CEA

E Po

doph

yllu

m p

elta

tum

L.

Podó

filo

Rts

fe

, pw

, vd

B

IGN

ON

IAC

EAE

Anem

opae

gma

mira

ndum

(Cha

m.)

Mar

t.

ex D

C*

Cat

uaba

/ C

atui

ba

Rtz

tn

, vd,

ex, f

e

Ja

cara

nda

caro

ba (V

ell.)

A.D

C.*

C

arob

a / C

arob

inha

/ Ca

mbo

ta p

eque

na /

Caro

ba

do c

ampo

ou

roxa

Lv

s vd

, ex,

fe, p

w

Ty

nnan

thus

fasc

icul

atus

Mie

rs /

T.

eleg

antu

s Mie

rs*

Cip

ó cr

avo

/ Cip

ó tri

ndad

e St

m

fe, t

n vd

BO

MB

AC

AC

EAE

Chor

isia

spec

iosa

A. S

aint

- Hil.

*

Pain

eira

Fl

o vd

BR

ASS

ICA

CEA

E Co

chle

aria

offi

cina

lis L

. C

ocle

aria

W

pl, f

ru

vd

Bras

sica

nigr

a (L

.) W

.D.J.

Koc

h M

osta

rda

pret

a Se

d es

, vd,

pw

vd

, pw

Rorip

a ar

mor

acia

(L.)

Hitc

h.

Ráb

ano

Rús

tico

/ Rab

ão rú

stico

/ R

aban

o ba

star

do

/ Sar

amag

o m

aior

R

ts

vd, f

e

Ro

ripa

nastu

rtium

(L. )

Rus

by

Agr

ião

Wpl

vd

BU

RSE

RA

CEA

E Co

mm

ipho

ra m

olm

ol (N

ees)

Bai

llon

Mirr

a O

il, re

sin

tn, e

s, vd

412



16(3):jul/set. 2006

Pr

otiu

m h

epta

phyl

lum

(Aub

l.) M

arch

and/

P.

icic

arib

a (D

C.)

Mar

chan

d *

Elem

i / A

lmec

ega

/ Ele

mi d

o Br

asil

/ Gom

a lim

ão

Oil,

resi

n Es

re

s

CA

MPA

NU

LAC

EAE

Lobe

lia in

flata

L.

Lobé

lia /

Taba

co in

dian

o Lv

s, fl

o fe

, pw

, tn

vd, p

w, t

n vd

C

AN

NA

BA

CEA

E Ca

nnab

is sa

tiva

L.

Cân

ham

o da

Índi

a / M

acon

ha /

Mec

onha

/ D

iam

ba

/ Lia

mba

Fl

o tn

, vd,

ex,

fe,

pw

H

umul

us lu

pulu

s L.

Lupu

lino

Flo

fe, v

d

CA

PRIF

OLI

AC

EAE

Sam

bucu

s aus

tralis

Cha

m. &

Sch

lech

.*

Sabu

guei

ro

Flo

vd

Vibu

rnum

pru

nifo

lium

L. /

V. l

enta

go L

. V

ibur

no /

Espi

nhei

ro p

reto

W

od

vd, e

x, fe

, pw

fe

, vd

CA

RIC

AC

EAE

Caric

a pa

paya

L. *

M

amoe

ira /

Cha

mbu

ru

Flo,

fru

vd, f

e, lx

CEC

RO

PIA

CEA

E Ce

crop

ia h

olol

euca

Miq

.*

Im

baúb

a / I

mba

úba

bran

ca /

Imba

íba

/ Am

baíb

a /

Am

baúb

a / Á

rvor

e da

pre

guiç

a sh

oot

vd, f

e

CEL

AST

RA

CEA

E Ev

onym

us a

tropu

rpur

eus J

acqu

in

Evôn

imo

Wod

/ rts

vd, e

x, fe

, pw

M

ayte

nus i

licifo

lia (S

chra

d.) P

lanc

h.*

Espi

nhei

ra S

anta

Lv

s

Vd

CH

ENO

POD

IAC

EAE

Chen

opod

ium

am

bros

ioid

es L

. Er

va d

e Sa

nta

Mar

ia /

Men

truz

/ Ans

erin

a ve

rmífu

ga /

Am

bros

ia /

Erva

de

form

igue

ira /

Uza

idel

la /

Chá

de

Méx

ico

Wpl

, lvs

es

, vd

Es

CLU

SIA

CEA

E G

arci

nia

hanb

uryi

Hoo

ker

Gom

a gu

ta /

Cam

bogi

a G

um

vd

Hyp

eric

um la

xius

culu

m A

. Sai

nt-H

il.*

Ale

crim

bra

vo /

Erva

sant

a Fl

o V

d, fe

CO

MM

ELIN

AC

EAE

Trad

esca

ntia

diu

retic

a M

art.

. Tr

apoe

raba

W

pl

vd, f

e

CO

NV

OLV

ULA

CEA

E Co

nvol

vulu

s sca

mm

onia

L.

Esca

môn

ea

Rts

tn

, vd,

pw

Cu

scut

a um

bella

ta K

unth

* C

ipó

chum

bo

Wpl

vd

, fe

Exog

oniu

m p

urga

(Wen

der.)

Ben

t.

Jala

pa

Rts

tn

, vd,

pw

O

perc

ulin

a m

acro

carp

a (L

inn)

Urb

.*

Jala

pa d

o Br

asil

/ Bat

ata

de p

urga

/ Ja

lapã

o R

ts

vd, f

e vd

, pw

, res

tn

CU

CU

RB

ITA

CEA

E Ap

odan

ther

a sm

ilaci

folia

Cog

n.*

Cip

ó az

ougu

e R

ts

vd, f

e, p

w

Caya

poni

a es

pelin

a (S

ilva

Man

so) C

ogn.

* Es

pelin

a / T

omba

/ Pu

rga

de c

arijó

R

ts

vd, f

e

Ca

yapo

nia

tayu

ya (V

ell.)

Cog

n.*

Taiu

iá /

Tayu

yú /

Abo

brin

ha d

o m

ato

/ Tay

uyá

do

frut

o en

carn

ado

Rts

fe

, vd,

tn

Ci

trullu

s col

ocyn

this

(L.)

Schr

ad.

Colo

cínt

ide

fru,

sed

tn

, ex,

pw

Cu

curb

ita p

epo

L. /

C. m

axim

a D

uche

sne

Abó

bora

/ Je

rimum

/ Je

rimu

Fres

h se

d vd

vd

Fevi

llea

trilo

bata

L.*

N

hand

iroba

/ Fa

va d

e Sa

nto

Inác

io d

o B

rasil

/ Ci

pó

de ja

boti

/ Gua

peva

Se

d vd

, tn

CU

PRES

SAC

EAEA

Ju

nipe

rus c

omm

unis

L.

Zim

bro

/ Jun

iper

o Fr

u vd

, fe,

es

Juni

peru

s oxy

cedr

us L

.

Cad

e W

ood

Oil

Oil

Ju

nipe

rus s

abin

a L.

Sa

bina

Fr

esh

flo

vd, f

e, e

s

DIL

LEN

IAC

EAE

Dav

illa

rugo

sa P

oir.*

C

ipó

cabo

clo

/ Cip

ó ca

rijó

/ Sab

aibi

nha

/ Fol

ha d

e lix

a / C

ap-h

omem

Lv

s vd

, fe

vd

DR

YO

PTER

IDA

CEA

E D

ryop

teris

filix

-mas

(L.)

Scho

tt Fe

to m

acho

/ D

ente

rrur

a R

ts

Ex,v

d Ex

, vd

E RIC

AC

EAE

Arct

osta

phyl

os u

va-u

rsi (

L. )

Spre

ngel

U

va u

rsin

a / B

ruxu

lo

Lvs

vd, f

e, p

w

Vd

E RY

THR

OX

YLA

CEA

E Er

ythr

oxyl

lum

coc

a La

m.

Coca

/ Ip

adu

Lvs

tn, v

d, fe

, pw

E UPH

OR

BIA

CEA

E Cr

oton

elu

teria

(L.)

W. W

right

C

asca

rilha

W

od

tn, v

d, e

x, fe

, pw

Cr

oton

tigl

ium

L.

Cro

ton

Sed

Oil

Euph

orbi

a re

sini

fera

O. B

erg

Eufo

rbio

Lt

x Em

pl, v

d

413



H

evea

bra

silie

nsis

(Will

d. e

x A

. Jus

s.)

Mül

l. A

rg.*

B

orra

cha

/ Bor

rach

a do

Par

á / C

autc

hu /

Gom

a el

átic

a Lt

x vd

M

allo

tus p

hilip

pine

nsis

var.

palli

dus A

iry

Shaw

K

amal

a Fr

u vd

, tn

Ph

ylla

nthu

s niru

ri L.

* Q

uebr

a-pe

dra

Lvs

V

d

Phyl

lant

hus t

enel

lus R

oxb.

* Q

uebr

a-pe

dra

Lvs

V

d

Rici

nus c

omm

unis

L.

Mam

ona

Sed

oil

Oil

F AB

AC

EAE

Abru

s pre

cato

rius L

. Je

quiti

ri / P

eriq

uiti

/ Yuk

eryt

y / O

lhos

de

pom

bo /

Tent

o / A

rvoe

iro /

Ass

acu-

miri

m /

Juqu

eriti

Se

d vd

Ac

acia

cat

echu

(L. f

.) W

illd.

/ Ac

acia

su

ma

Buch

.-Ham

. ex

Wal

l.

Cat

o / C

ato

de p

egu

/ Cat

echu

/ Te

rra

japo

nica

Ex

d ex

, tn

Ac

acia

sene

gal (

L.) W

illd.

G

oma

arab

ica

Gum

vd

, pw

Ar

achi

s hyp

ogae

a L.

* A

men

doim

Se

d O

il oi

l

Oil

As

traga

lus g

umm

ifer L

abill

. G

oma

alca

tira

Gum

vd

, pw

vd

, pw

Bowd

ichi

a vi

rgili

oide

s Kun

th*

Su

cupi

ra /

Sico

pira

/ Se

bipi

ra

Sed

fe, t

n

Co

paib

a of

ficin

alis

(L.)

Kun

tze

/ C.

coria

cea

(Mar

t.) K

untz

e / C

. lan

gsdo

rfii

(Des

f.) K

untz

e / C

. obl

ongi

folia

(Mar

t.)

Kun

tze*

Bál

sam

o de

cop

aíba

B

alsa

m

Es

Er

ythr

ina

mul

ungu

Mar

t.ex

Bent

h.*

Mul

ungu

/ M

urun

gu /

Suin

a / S

apat

inho

de

jude

u /

Bic

o de

pap

agai

o W

od

fe, t

n vd

G

lycy

rrhi

za g

labr

a L.

A

lcaç

uz /

Rego

liz

Rts

vd, e

x, fe

, pw

vd

, pw

, ex,

fe

vd

V

d

Lo

ncho

carp

us p

ecko

lti W

awra

* Ti

mbó

bot

icár

io

Wod

tn

, vd,

ex,

fe

Myr

ospe

rmum

per

eira

e R

oyle

*

Bál

sam

o pe

ruvi

ano

/ Bál

sam

o do

Per

u B

alsa

m

vd, t

n

M

yrox

ylon

bal

sam

um (L

.) H

arm

s B

álsa

mo

de T

olú

Bal

sam

vd

, tn

vd, t

n

Pipt

aden

ia c

olub

rina

(Vel

l.) B

enth

.*

Ang

ico

Wod

, gum

fe

Ph

ysos

tigm

a ve

neno

sum

Bal

f. f.

Fava

de

cala

bar

Sed

tn, e

x, v

d, p

w

Pter

ocar

pus m

arsu

pium

Rox

b.

Kin

o / K

ino

de M

alab

ar /

Din

o de

Mad

ras /

Kin

o de

Coc

hin

juic

e Ju

ice

Se

nna

alex

andr

ina

P. M

ill.

Se

ne

Lvs

vd, f

e, p

w

vd, p

w

vd

Vd

Se

nna

occi

dent

alis

L.*

Fede

goso

/ M

ager

ioba

/ Pa

jam

ario

ba /

Paye

riaba

/ Fo

lha

de p

agé

/ Tar

aruc

u / M

aman

gá /

Lava

-pra

tos

Rts

vd

, fe

St

ryph

node

ndro

n ad

strin

gens

(Mar

t.)

Cov

ille*

B

arba

timão

/ B

arba

de

timan

/ U

abat

imó

/ Ybá

tim

o rin

d fe

, tn

vd

V

d

Sw

eetia

ele

gans

(Vog

el) B

enth

. *

Pero

binh

a ca

mpe

stre

/ Pe

robi

nha

/ Per

obin

ha d

o ca

mpo

/ Le

ptol

bio

Rts

, wod

vd

, fe

Ta

mar

indu

s ind

ica

L.

Tam

arin

do

Fru

Polp

a, v

d

F AG

AC

EAE

Que

rcus

infe

ctor

ia G

. Oliv

ier

Gal

ha

Gal

ha

tn, v

d, p

w

F L

AC

OU

RTI

AC

EAE

Carp

otro

che

bras

ilien

sis (R

addi

) End

l. *

Sapu

cain

ha

Sed

Oil

F U

MA

RIA

CEA

E Fu

mar

ia o

ffici

nalis

L.

Fu

már

ia /

Erva

mol

arin

ha

flo

vd, f

e

GEN

TIA

NA

CEA

E Er

ythr

aea

cent

auriu

m (L

.) B

orkh

. C

enta

urea

Men

or /

Que

bra

febr

e Fl

o V

d, fe

G

entia

na lu

tea

L. /

G. p

anno

nica

Sco

p. /

G

. pur

pure

a L.

/ G

. pun

ctat

a L.

G

enci

ana

/ Arg

ença

na

Rts

tn

, vd,

ex,

fe,

pw

ex, f

e, v

d,

pw, t

n

Vd

414



16(3):jul/set. 2006

GER

AN

IAC

EAE

Ger

aniu

m m

acul

atum

L.

Ger

ânio

R

ts

vd, f

e, p

w

H

AM

AM

ELID

AC

EAE

H

amam

elis

virg

inia

na L

. H

amam

elis

Lv

s tn

, ex,

fe, v

d ex

, fe,

vd,

tn

V

d

Liqu

idam

bar o

rient

alis

Mill

. Es

tora

que

Bal

sam

B

als,

Es

bals

am

HIP

POC

AST

AN

AC

EAE

Aesc

ulus

hip

poca

stanu

m L

.

Cas

tanh

eiro

da

Índi

a W

od

vd, f

e vd

Vd

I RID

AC

EAE

Croc

us sa

tivus

L.

Aça

frão

Es

tigm

tn

, vd,

ex,

fe,

pw

Ir

is flo

rent

ina

L. /

I. pa

llida

Lam

. / I.

ge

rman

ica

L.

Lírio

Flo

rent

ino

/ Líri

o de

Flo

renç

a / Í

ris fl

oren

tino

Rts

vd

, pw

J UG

LAN

DA

CEA

E Ju

glan

s reg

ia L

. N

ogue

ira

Lvs

vd, f

e

KR

AM

ERIA

CEA

E Kr

amer

ia a

rgen

tea

Mar

t. ex

Spr

eng.

* R

atân

ia /

Ratâ

nia

do P

ará

Rts

tn

,vd,

ex,

fe,

pw

ex, f

e, v

d, tn

L AM

IAC

EAE

Cuni

la m

icro

ceph

ala

Ben

th.

Poej

o Lv

s, fl

o vd

, fe

Gle

chom

a he

dera

cea

L.

Her

a Te

rrest

re /

Erva

de

S. J

oão

Aer

par

ts

vd, f

e, v

d

G

lech

on sp

athu

lata

Ben

th.

Man

gero

na /

Man

gero

na d

o ca

mpo

Lv

s, fl

o vd

, fe

Lava

ndul

a an

gusti

folia

Mill

. A

lfaze

ma

Flo

vd, e

s Es

Leon

otis

nepe

taef

olia

(L.)

R. B

row

n C

ordã

o de

frad

e / R

ubim

W

pl

vd, f

e

Le

onur

us si

biric

us L

. Er

va M

acaé

Lv

s, fl

o vd

, fe

Mel

issa

offic

inal

is L.

Er

va c

idre

ira /

Mel

issa

A

eria

l pts

vd

, fe,

es

Men

tha

arve

nsis

L.

Hor

telã

do

Bras

il A

eria

l pts

es, v

d

Men

tha

pipe

rita

subs

p. c

itrat

a Br

iq.

H

orte

lã p

imen

ta

Aer

ial p

ts

vd, f

e, e

s

M

enth

a vi

ridis

(L.)

L.

Hor

telã

com

um

Aer

ial p

ts

Es

Oci

mum

bas

ilicu

m L

. A

lfava

ca

Lvs /

flo

vd

Oci

mum

can

um S

ims

Alfa

vaca

cam

pest

re /

Rem

édio

do

vaqu

eiro

/ Se

gure

lha

lvs

/ flo

vd

, fe

Pe

ltodo

n ra

dica

ns P

ohl *

Pa

raca

ri / H

orte

lã d

o Br

asil

/ Hor

telã

o do

mat

o Fl

o vd

, fe

Rosm

arin

us o

ffici

nalis

L.

Ale

crim

lv

s vd

, es

Es

Sa

lvia

offi

cina

lis L

. Sá

lvia

/ Sa

lva

Lvs

vd

Thym

us se

rpyl

lum

L.

Serp

ão

Lvs

Es

Thym

us v

ulga

ris L

. To

milh

o / T

hym

o Fl

o vd

, es,

fe

Es

LAU

RA

CEA

E Ci

nnam

omum

zeyl

anic

um J.

S.Pr

esl.

Cane

la-d

o-Ce

ilão

rind

tn, v

d, e

s, fe

, pw

vd

, pw

, es,

fe, t

n vd

vd

Ci

nnam

omum

cas

sia

(Nee

s) B

lum

e C

anel

a-da

-Chi

na

rind

vd,

pw

vd, p

w,

La

urus

nob

ilis L

. Lo

urei

ro /

Lour

eiro

com

um /

Lour

o / L

ouro

co

mum

Fr

u vd

D

icyp

elliu

m c

aryo

phyl

latu

m N

ees*

C

anel

a cr

avo

/ Cra

veiro

do

Mar

anhã

o / P

au c

ravo

/ Im

ira a

taia

/ Ib

yrag

iynh

á ou

Kiy

nia

(Tup

inic

o) /

Lica

ri-K

ani (

Cara

íba)

Wod

tn

, vd,

fe

Ne

ctan

dra

pube

rula

(Sch

ott)

Nee

s C

anel

a pr

eta

/ Can

ela

pret

a da

serr

a / C

anel

a am

argo

sa /

Lour

o pr

eto

/ Lou

ro a

mar

goso

s /

Surin

êa /

Pau

de S

ant’A

na

Wod

tn

, vd,

ex,

fe

Sa

ssaf

ras s

assa

fras (

L.) H

. Kar

st.

Sass

afrá

s R

ind/

rts

es, p

w, v

d Es

Oco

tea

sass

afra

s (M

eisn

.) M

ez *

C

anel

a Sa

ssaf

rás /

Can

ela

func

ho /

Lour

o sa

ssaf

rás

/ Anh

u-yb

a-pe

abya

Ri

nd

tn, v

d, fe

, pw

Pe

rsea

gra

tisim

a L.

A

baca

teiro

Lv

s vd

, fe

vd, f

e

415



L EC

YTH

IDA

CEA

E Ca

rini

ana

bras

ilien

sis C

asar

.*

Jequ

itibá

/ Je

quiti

bá ró

seo

/ Jec

uia

/ Ygi

bybá

W

od

fe, v

d

LILI

AC

EAE

Alliu

m sa

tivum

L.

Alh

o B

ulbs

Vd

Al

oe fe

rox

Mill

./ A.

bar

bade

nsis

Mill

. A

loe

/ Aze

vre

Juic

e ex

, tn

Juic

e, p

w

vd

Colc

hicu

m a

utum

nale

L.

Cól

chic

o / N

arci

so d

e ou

tono

/ A

çafr

ão b

asta

rdo

Sed

tn, e

x, fe

, pw

vd

vd

Co

nval

laria

maj

alis

L.

Lírio

con

vale

/ Lí

rio d

os v

ales

/ C

onva

laria

/ M

ugue

to

Flo

vd, f

e, tn

Sc

hoen

ocau

lon

offic

inal

e (S

chltd

l. &

C

ham

.) A

. Gra

y ex

Ben

th.

Cev

adilh

a Se

d vd

, tn

U

rgin

ea m

ariti

ma

(L.)

Bake

r Sc

ila /

Alb

arrã

bra

nca

/ Ceb

ola

alba

rrã

/ Ceb

ola

mar

itim

a Bu

lbs

tn, v

d, fe

, pw

Ve

ratr

um v

iride

Aito

n H

eléb

oro

Ver

de /

Hel

ébor

o am

eric

ano

Rts

tn

, fe,

pw

fe

, vd

L IN

AC

EAE

Linu

m u

sitat

issim

um L

. Li

nho

/ Lin

haça

Se

d vd

, oil,

pw

L OG

AN

IAC

EAE

Budd

leja

bra

silie

nsis

Jacq

. Ex

Spre

ng.*

B

arba

sco

/ Ver

basc

o br

asile

iro

Lvs

vd, f

e

G

else

miu

m se

mpe

rvir

ens (

L.) J

. St.-

Hil.

G

elsê

mio

/ Ja

smim

da

Virg

inia

/ Ja

smim

am

arel

o R

ts

tn, v

d, e

x, fe

, pw

St

rych

nos n

ux v

omic

a L.

N

oz v

ômic

a Se

d tn

, ex,

fe, p

w

tn

St

rych

nos p

seud

o-qu

ina

A.S

aint

-Hil.

* Q

uina

do

Cam

po /

Qui

na d

o C

erra

do /

Qui

na d

e M

ato

Gro

sso

Wod

vd

, fe

L OR

AN

THA

CEA

E St

ruth

anth

us m

argi

natu

s (D

esr.)

Blu

me

Er

va d

e pa

ssar

inho

/ Er

va d

e pa

ssar

inho

miú

da /

Enxe

rto d

e pa

ssar

inho

/ O

cra

Lvs

vd, f

e

L YC

OPO

DIA

CEA

E Ly

copo

dium

cla

vatu

m L

. Li

copó

dio

Espo

ros

vd, t

n

MA

GN

OLI

AC

EAE

Dry

mis

wint

eri W

inte

r *

Cas

ca d

e an

ta /

Cas

ca d

e W

inte

r / P

arat

udo

/ C

apor

oca

/ Mel

ambo

W

od

tn, v

d, fe

Ill

iciu

m v

erum

Hoo

k. f.

B

adia

na /

Bad

iana

da

Chi

na /

Ani

s est

rela

do /

Ani

s da

Chi

na

Fru

vd, e

s, pw

, tn

vd, p

w, t

n vd

V

d

MA

LVA

CEA

E Al

thae

a of

ficin

alis

L.

Alté

ia /

Mal

vais

co

Rts

vd

, pw

vd

, pw

Gos

sypi

um h

erba

ceum

L.

Alg

odoe

iro

wod

fe

O

il

Mal

va sy

lves

tris L

.

Mal

va /

Mal

va se

lava

gem

/ M

alva

mai

or

Lvs

vd

vd

V

d

Ure

na lo

bata

L

Gua

xim

a / G

uaxi

ma

roxa

/ M

alva

isco

silv

estre

Lv

s vd

MA

RA

NTH

AC

EAE

Mar

anth

a ar

undi

nace

ae L

.*

Ara

ruta

/ A

raru

ta d

o B

rasi

l, da

s Ant

ilhas

ou

das

Índi

as O

cide

ntai

s St

arch

vd

MEL

IAC

EAE

Cabr

alea

can

gera

na S

alda

nha

Can

gera

na /

Caj

á-ra

na /

Cay

aran

a W

od

vd, f

e

MEN

ISPE

RM

AC

EAE

Chon

dode

ndro

n pl

atyp

hyllu

m (

A. S

aint

- H

il.) M

iers

* A

bútu

a / B

utua

/ B

aga

da p

raia

/ Ja

botic

aba

de c

ipó

/ Par

reira

bra

va /

Parr

eira

silv

estre

Rt

s tn

, ex,

fe, p

w

vd, p

w

Ja

trorr

hiza

pal

mat

a (L

am.)

Mie

rs*

Calu

mba

Rt

s ex

, fe,

pw

, tn

vd, p

w

MEN

YA

NTH

AC

EAE

Men

yant

hes t

rifol

iata

L.

Trev

o aq

uátic

o / T

rifol

io fi

brin

o / T

revo

d´á

gua

/ tre

vo d

os c

harc

os

Lvs

vd

MO

NIM

IAC

EAE

Peum

us b

oldu

s Mol

ina

B

oldo

Lv

s vd

, fe

vd, p

w, f

e, tn

Vd

Si

paru

na a

pios

yce

(Mar

t. Ex

Tul

.) A

. DC.

*

Lim

oeiro

bra

vo /

Lim

oeiro

do

mat

o / L

imão

bra

vo

/ Lim

ãozi

nho

/ Cid

reira

do

mat

o / C

idril

ha si

lves

tre

/ Neg

ra m

ina

Lvs

vd

MO

RA

CEA

E D

orste

nia

mul

tifor

mis

var.

arifo

lia

(Lam

.) B

urea

u *

Car

apiá

/ Ca

apiá

/ C

ontra

-her

va

Rts

vd

, fe

M

orus

nig

ra L

. A

mor

a Fr

u Ju

ice

416



16(3):jul/set. 2006

MY

RIS

TIC

AC

EAE

Myr

istic

a fr

agra

ns H

outt.

N

oz m

osca

da

Sed

es, b

utte

r, pw

Es

M

YR

TAC

EAE

Euca

lypt

us c

itrio

dora

Hoo

k.

Euca

lipto

-lim

ão

Lvs

es

Euca

lypt

us g

lobu

lus L

abill

. Eu

calip

to

Lvs

tn, v

d, fe

, es

Es

V

d

Euge

nia

unifl

ora

L.*

Pita

ngue

ira

Lvs

V

d

Mel

aleu

ca le

ucad

endr

on L

. C

ajep

ute

Lvs

Es

Es

Ps

idiu

m g

uaya

va R

addi

G

oiab

eira

/ G

uaia

ba /

Ara

çá u

açu

/ Gua

iava

/ K

oyha

b (T

upi)

/ Dja

mbo

é W

od

vd, f

e

V

d

Sy

zygi

um a

rom

atic

um (L

.) M

err.

& P

erry

C

ravo

da

Índi

a flo

tn

, vd,

es,

pw

vd, p

w, e

s

Vd

NY

CTA

GIN

AC

EAE

Boer

havi

a hi

rsut

a Ja

cq.*

Er

va to

stão

/ Ta

ngar

aca

/ Peg

a pi

nto

/ Bre

do d

e po

rco

Rts

vd

, fe

OLA

CA

CEA

E Pt

ycho

peta

lum

ola

coid

es B

enth

. *

Mui

rapu

ama

/ Mar

apua

ma

Rts

tn

, ex,

fe, v

d vd

O

LEA

CEA

E Fr

axin

us o

rnus

L.

M

aná

Wod

Ju

ice

Ole

a eu

rope

a L.

O

liva

Sed

oil

oil

O

il O

RC

HID

AC

EAE

Vani

lla p

lani

folia

And

rew

s*

Bau

nilh

a Fr

u vd

, tn

vd, t

n

P A

PAV

ERA

CEA

E Pa

pave

r rho

eas L

. Pa

poul

a ru

bra

Peta

ls

vd, f

e

Pa

pave

r som

nife

rum

L.

Dor

mid

eira

/ Pa

poul

a br

anca

fr

u vd

, tn,

ex,

fe,

lx

ex, f

e, p

w, t

n

P ASS

IFLO

RA

CEA

E Pa

ssifl

ora

alat

a C

urtis

* M

arac

ujá

Lvs

fe, v

d, tn

vd

vd

PED

ALI

AC

EAE

Sesa

mum

indi

cum

L.

Ger

gelim

se

d oi

l

oi

l P H

YTO

LAC

AC

EAE

Petiv

eria

tetr

andr

a B.

A. G

omes

Pi

pi /

Erva

de

pipi

/ Ti

pi /

Erva

de

guin

á / E

rva

d´al

ho /

Emby

a-ye

ndo

/ Em

boay

embo

/ O

coem

bo /

Muc

ura-

caá

Rts

vd

, fe,

tn

P IN

AC

EAE

Abie

s abi

es R

usby

Pe

z de

Bor

gonh

a / P

ez b

ranc

o / P

ez d

os v

osgo

s /

Pez

amar

elo

/ Res

ina

amar

ela

Res

in

vd

La

rix la

rix (L

.) K

arst

. Te

rebe

ntin

ha d

e V

enez

a / T

ereb

enol

eo d

o La

ricio

W

od

resi

n

Pi

nus m

onta

na M

ill.

Pinh

eiro

Lv

s es

, fe

Pinu

s pal

ustri

s Mill

. Te

rebi

ntin

a / T

ereb

entin

a co

mum

/ Te

rebe

ntin

a do

pi

nhei

ro /

tere

bent

ina

de B

ordé

os /

Tere

bent

ina

fran

cesa

Res

in

vd, e

s Es

Pi

nus s

ylve

stris

L.

Pinh

eiro

silv

estre

sh

oot

vd

P I

PER

AC

EAE

Hec

keri

a um

bella

ta (L

.) K

unth

*

Parip

arob

a / C

aa-p

eua

/ Caa

peba

/ Ca

peba

/ C

aom

a / C

ataj

é / A

guax

ima

Rts

vd

, fe,

tn

Pi

per a

dunc

um L

. A

perta

ruão

lv

s fe

Pi

per a

ngus

tifol

ium

Lam

. M

atic

o / E

rva

de s

olda

do /

Moh

o-m

oho

/ Pim

enta

m

atic

o lv

s tn

, vd,

fe, p

w

Pi

per c

ubeb

a L.

f.

Cub

eba

fru

tn, v

d, e

x, fe

, es

, pw

PLU

MB

AG

INA

CEA

E St

atic

e br

asili

ensis

Boi

ss*

Gua

icur

u / B

aicu

ru

rts

vd, f

e

P OA

CEA

E Ag

ropy

rum

repe

ns (L

. ) P

al. B

eauv

ois

Gra

ma

Rts

vd

, ex,

fe

Cym

bopo

gon

citra

tus (

DC.

) Sta

pf

Cap

im li

mão

Lv

s

Vd

Cy

mbo

pogo

n m

artin

ianu

s (R

oxb.

) Sch

ult.

Pa

lma

rosa

Lv

s

Es

Cy

mbo

pogo

n wi

nter

ianu

s Jow

itt e

x B

or

Jaça

pé /

Cap

im li

mão

Lv

s Es

Es

Hor

deum

vul

gare

L.

Mal

te /

mal

ta

Sed

ex, v

d ex

, vd

417



Im

pera

ta e

xalta

ta (R

oxb.

) Bro

ngn.

Sa

pé /

Sapé

mac

ho

Rts

ex

, fe

ex, v

d

Zea

may

s L.*

M

ilho

Estil

/ est

. vd

, ex,

fe

P O

LYG

ALA

CEA

E

Poly

gala

sene

ga L

.

Polig

ala

/ Pol

igal

a da

Virg

inia

/ Se

nega

rts

tn

, fe,

pw

, vd

fe, v

d, p

w, t

n

Vd

P OLY

GO

NA

CEA

E Po

lygo

num

bist

orta

L.

Bis

torta

R

ts

vd, f

e

Rh

eum

pal

mat

um L

./ R.

offi

cina

le B

aill.

Ru

ibar

bo

Rts

tn, v

d, e

x, fe

, pw

ex

, fe,

vd,

pw

Vd

P TER

IDA

CEA

E Ad

iant

um c

apill

us- v

ener

is L.

A

venc

a / A

venc

a co

mum

/ C

ablo

de

Vên

us /

Cap

illar

ia d

e M

ontp

ellie

r fr

onde

vd

, fe

Ad

iant

um p

edat

um L

. A

venc

a do

Can

adá

/ Cap

illar

ia d

o C

anad

á fr

onde

vd

, fe

P U

NIC

AC

EAE

Puni

ca g

rana

tum

L.

Rom

eira

/ R

omãz

eira

W

od, r

ts

vd, e

x, fe

, pw

RA

NU

NC

ULA

CEA

E Ac

onitu

m n

apel

us L

. A

côni

to

Rts

tn, e

x, fe

, pw

vd

, pw

, tn

vd

Adon

is ve

rnal

is L.

A

doni

s Fl

o tn

, vd,

fe, p

w

Cim

icifu

ga ra

cem

osa

(L.)

Nut

t.

Cim

ífuga

Rt

s tn

, vd,

fe, p

w

Hyd

rasti

s can

aden

sis L

.

Hid

rast

e rts

tn

, ex,

fe, v

d,

pw

ex, f

e, v

d, tn

vd

V

d

Pu

lsat

illa

pulsa

tilla

(L.)

H. K

arst

. / P

. pr

aten

sis (L

.) M

ill.

Puls

atila

/ A

nem

ola

/ Ane

mon

a / C

ampa

rilha

/ Fl

or

de P

asch

oa

Lvs,

flo

vd, t

n

RH

AM

NA

CEA

E Rh

amnu

s fra

ngul

a L.

A

mie

iro p

reto

/ Fr

angu

la

wod

vd

, fe,

pw

Rh

amnu

s pur

shia

na D

C.

Cás

cara

Sag

rada

W

od

tn, f

e, e

x, p

w

vd, p

w, e

x,

fe, t

n vd

V

d

RO

SAC

EAE

Amyg

dalu

s com

mun

is L.

var

. dul

cis

(Mill

.) D

C.

Am

êndo

a do

ce

sed

vd

Am

ygda

lus c

omm

unis

L. v

ar. a

mar

a Lu

dwig

ex

DC

A

mên

doa

amar

ga

Sed

vd, e

s, oi

l

Cr

atae

gus o

xyac

anth

a su

bsp.

pa

lmstr

uchi

i (Li

ndm

.) H

rabe

tova

-Uhr

ova

C

rate

go /

Pilti

eiro

/ Es

pinh

eiro

alv

ar

flo

vd

, fe

vd

Cy

doni

a cy

doni

a (L

.) H

. Kar

st.

Mar

mel

o Se

d vd

H

agen

ia a

byss

inic

a J.F

. Gm

el.

Cuss

o / C

osso

/ K

ouss

o / K

oso

Flo

vd, f

e, p

w

Prun

us d

omes

tica

L.

Am

eixa

/ A

mei

xa p

reta

Fr

u vd

, fe

vd, f

e

Qui

llaja

sapo

naria

Mol

ina

Qui

láia

/ Ca

sca

do P

anam

á

Wod

vd

, fe,

tn

Rosa

gal

lica

L./ R

. dam

asce

na M

ill.

Ros

a ru

bra

/ Ros

a ve

rmel

ha /

Ros

a fr

ance

sa

Flo

vd, f

e, E

s

Ru

bus r

osae

foliu

s Sm

. Fr

ambo

esa

Fru

vd

R

UB

IAC

EAE

Borr

eria

cen

trant

hoid

es C

ham

. &

Schl

echt

.*

Sabu

guei

rinho

do

cam

po

Wpl

vd

, fe

Ch

ioco

cca

brac

hiat

a R

uiz

& P

av. *

C

ainc

a / C

anin

ana

/ Cip

ó cr

uz /

Cruz

eirin

ha /

Fedo

rent

a/ D

ambr

e / R

aiz

de fr

ade

Rts

tn, v

d, e

x, fe

Ci

ncho

na c

alis

aya

Wed

d.

Qui

na a

mar

ela

/ Qui

na c

alis

aya

Wod

vd

, ex,

pw

, tn

ex, f

e, v

d,

pw, t

n vd

Ci

ncho

na su

ccir

ubra

Pav

. Ex

Klo

tzsc

h/

C. p

ubes

cens

Vah

l Q

uina

ver

mel

ha /

Qui

na ru

bra

Wod

vd

, ex,

fe, p

w

vd, p

w

vd

Vd

Ce

phae

lis ip

ecac

uanh

a (B

rot.)

Sto

kes *

/

Ceph

aelis

acu

min

ata

Kar

sten

Ip

ecac

uanh

a / I

peca

cuan

ha a

nela

da /

Ipec

acua

nha

pret

a / P

oaia

Rt

s tn

, ex,

fe, v

d,

pw

ex, f

e, p

w, t

n vd

V

d

Re

miji

a fe

rrug

inea

(A. S

t.-H

il.) D

C. *

Q

uina

min

eira

/ Q

uina

de

rem

ijio

/ Qui

na d

a se

rra

Wod

vd

, fe,

tn

418



16(3):jul/set. 2006

RU

TAC

EAE

Citru

s aur

antiu

m v

ar a

mar

a L.

La

ranj

eira

am

arga

Fr

u es

, fe,

vd,

tn,

pw

fe, v

d, p

w, t

n

Ci

trus a

uran

tium

var

dul

cis L

. La

ranj

eira

doc

e Fr

u vd

, es,

vd

Citru

s med

ica

L.

Lim

ão

Fru

vd, e

s, vd

Es

Cusp

aria

ang

ostu

ra (S

pren

g.) A

. Lyo

ns

Ang

ustu

ra /

Ang

ustu

ra v

erda

deira

R

nd

Ex, f

e

Pa

rape

talif

era

betu

lina

(PJ

Berg

ius)

WY

Y

oung

/ P.

serr

atifo

lia (C

urtis

) WY

You

ng

Buc

co /

Buc

hu

Lvs

vd, f

e

Pi

loca

rpus

jabo

rand

i Hol

mes

/ P.

m

icro

phyl

lus S

tapf

ex

War

dlew

orth

*

Jabo

rand

i Lv

s tn

, fe,

vd,

pw

vd

, tn

vd

Vd

Ru

ta g

rave

olen

s L.

Arr

uda

Wpl

vd

, es

Xant

hoxy

lum

ting

oass

uiba

A. S

aint

-Hil.

* Ti

ngua

ciba

W

od

tn, f

e, v

d

S AN

TALA

CEA

E Sa

ntal

um a

lbum

L.

Sând

alo

citri

no

Wod

vd

, es

SA

PIN

DA

CEA

E Pa

ullin

ia c

upan

a K

unth

* G

uara

ná /

Uar

aná

Sed

fe, v

d, p

w

fe, v

d, p

w, t

n vd

V

d S A

POTA

CEA

E Ch

ryso

phyl

lum

gon

ocar

pum

(Mar

t.&

Eich

ler)

Eng

ler (

Agu

ai)

Mon

ésia

/ B

uran

hem

/ G

uara

nhem

/ Ca

sca

doce

W

od

tn, v

d, e

x

Pa

laqu

ium

Bla

nco

Gut

a pe

rcha

/ G

etta

nia

Juic

e ju

ice

S C

RO

FULA

RIA

CEA

E D

igita

lis la

nata

Ehr

hart

Dig

italis

lana

ta

Lvs

vd

, pw

vd

D

igita

lis p

urpu

rea

L.

Ded

alei

ra /

Dig

ital /

Erv

a de

dal /

Luv

as d

e N

. Se

nhor

as

Lvs

tn, v

d, e

x, fe

, pw

vd

, pw

vd

S IM

AR

OU

BA

CEA

E Pi

cras

ma

exce

lsa (S

w.)

Plan

ch. *

Q

uáss

ia /

Quá

ssia

da

Jam

aica

/ Q

uáss

ia d

e Su

rinam

W

od

tn, v

d, e

x, fe

Si

mar

ouba

am

ara

Aub

l.*

Sim

arub

a / M

arub

a / M

arup

á rn

d fe

, vd

vd

S MIL

AC

AC

EAE

Smila

x ja

pica

nga

Gris

eb. *

Ja

peca

nga

/ Jup

ican

ga /

Inha

peca

nga

/ Sal

sa d

o ca

mpo

R

ts

vd, f

e

Sm

ilax

papy

race

a D

uham

el, S

. syp

hilit

ica

Gris

eb. /

S. o

ffici

nalis

Kun

th /

Sm

ilax

med

ica

Schl

tdl.

& C

ham

.*

Sals

apar

rilha

/ Sa

lsap

arril

ha d

o Pa

rá /

Sals

apar

rilha

de

Min

as d

e G

erai

s / S

alsa

parri

lha

do M

éxic

o Rt

s vd

, ex,

fe, p

w

S OLA

NA

CEA

E At

ropa

bel

lado

nna

L.

Bel

adon

a Lv

s vd

, ex,

fe,

pw, t

n vd

, pw

, ex,

fe

, tn

vd

Vd

Br

unfe

lsia

hope

ana

Ben

th.*

M

anac

á / M

anac

an /

Jera

taca

/ Je

rata

caca

/ C

agam

bá /

Jasm

im d

o Pa

ragu

ai /

Man

ajá

Rts

vd

, fe,

tn

Ce

stru

m la

evig

atum

Sch

lt.

Coe

rana

Lv

s tn

, vd,

fe

Dat

ura

arbo

rea

L Tr

ombe

teira

Lv

s

vd

D

atur

a str

amon

ium

L.

Estra

môn

io /

Figu

eira

do

infe

rno

Lvs

tn, v

d, e

x, fe

, pw

vd

vd

H

yosc

yam

us n

iger

L.

Mei

men

dro

/ Mei

men

dro

negr

o Lv

s tn

, ex,

fe, p

w

vd, p

w

So

lanu

m d

ulca

mar

a L.

D

oce

amar

ga /

Dul

cam

ara

/ Uva

de

cão

/ Erv

a m

oura

de

trepa

/ V

inha

da

Índi

a w

od

vd, f

e, p

w

So

lanu

m p

anic

ulat

um L

.*

Juru

beba

/ Ju

ripeb

a / J

ubeb

a / J

uven

a / J

uúna

R

ts

tn, e

x, fe

, vd

S T

ERC

ULI

AC

EAE

Cola

niti

da (V

ent.)

Sch

ott &

End

l.

Col

a / N

oz d

e co

la /

Gur

u / O

mbe

nê /

Nan

gouê

/ N

oz d

e G

ondj

a Se

d tn

, ex,

fe, p

w

vd, f

e

St

ercu

lia v

illos

a R

oxb.

/ S.

ure

ns R

oxb.

/ S.

trag

acan

tha

Lind

l.

Gom

a ca

raia

G

um

vd

, pw

Th

eobr

oma

caca

u L.

C

acau

Se

d fe

, but

ter

vd, p

w,

butte

r

419



W

alth

eria

dou

radi

nha

A. S

aint

-Hil.

* D

oura

dinh

a A

eria

l par

ts

vd

S T

YR

AC

AC

EAE

Styr

ax to

nkin

ense

Cra

ig /

S. si

amen

se

Rod

orf /

S. b

enzo

ides

Cra

ib

Ben

joim

/ B

enjo

im d

e Si

am

Res

in

vd, t

n tn

TILI

AC

EAE

Tilia

cor

data

Mill

. / T

. pla

typh

yllo

s Sco

p.

Tilia

Fl

o vd

VA

LER

IAN

AC

EAE

Vale

riana

offi

cina

lis L

. V

aler

iana

Rt

s tn

, vd,

ex,

fe,

pw

fe, t

n, v

d

Vd

VER

BEN

AC

EAE

Lant

ana

cam

ara

L. *

C

amba

rá

Lvs

vd, f

e

Li

ppia

pse

udo-

thea

Sch

auer

*

Chá

de

pede

stre

/ Ch

á de

frad

e / C

apitã

o do

mat

o Lv

s, fl

o vd

, fe

Stac

hyta

rphe

ta d

icho

tom

a (R

uiz

& P

av.)

Vah

l *

Ger

vão

roxo

Lv

s vd

, fe

VIO

LAC

EAE

Anch

ieta

e sa

luta

ris A

. Sai

nt-H

il. *

C

ipó

sum

a / P

erei

guar

/ Pi

ragu

ara

/ Piri

guar

a R

ts

tn, v

d, e

x, fe

Vi

ola

odor

ata

L.

Vio

leta

/ V

iola

Fl

o vd

VIT

AC

EAE

Ciss

us a

lata

Jacq

.*

Mãe

boa

Lv

s vd

, fe

Z I

NG

IBER

AC

EAE

Alpi

nia

offic

inar

um H

ance

G

alan

ga

Rts

vd

, pw

Cu

rcum

a do

mes

tica

Val

eton

C

urcu

ma

Rts

vd, p

w, t

n

Curc

uma

zedo

aria

(Chr

istm

.) R

osco

e

Zedo

ária

R

ts

vd, p

w

Elet

taria

car

dam

omum

(L.)

Mat

on

Car

dam

omo

/ Car

dam

omo

de M

alab

ar

Sed

tn, v

d, e

s, pw

vd

, pw

Rene

alm

ia e

xalta

ta L

. f. *

Pa

cová

/ Pa

co s

eroc

a / C

uité

açú

Se

d vd

, es,

tn

Zing

iber

offi

cina

lis L

.

Gen

gibr

e Rt

s tn

, es,

vd, f

e,

es

Z YG

OPH

YLL

AC

EAE

Gua

jacu

m o

ffici

nalis

L. /

G. s

anct

um L

. G

uáia

co /

Pau

sant

o w

od

tn, v

d, e

x, fe

* Sp

ecie

s nat

ive

from

Bra

zil

es =

ess

entia

l oils

; ex

= dr

y ex

tract

; fe

= fl u

id-e

xtra

ct; fl

o =

fl ow

ers;

lvs =

leav

es; o

il = fi x

ed o

il, p

w =

pow

dere

d dr

ug; r

nd =

rind

; rts

= ro

ots;

sed

= se

ed, t

n =

tinct

ure;

vd

= v

eget

al d

rug;

wod

= w

ood;

wpl

= w

hole

pla

nt.

420



16(3):jul/set. 2006

Table 2. Number of monographs for native species in each edition of Brazilian Offi cial Pharmacopoeia

Edition of Number (%) of Monographs Pharmacopoeia Native Others Total 1st edition (1926) 196 (27,5) 517 (72,5) 713 2nd edition (1959) 32(15,6) 173 (84,4) 205 3rd edition (1977) 4 (17,4) 19 (82,6 ) 23 4th edition (1996) 11 (25) 33 (75) 44

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Costa AF 1996. Farmacognosia. Lisboa: Fundação Calouste Gulbekian. vols I and II.

Dean W 1996. A ferro e fogo: a história e a devastação da Mata Atlântica brasileira. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras.

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Farmacopeia Brasileira 1977. 3.ed. São Paulo: Organização Andrei.

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Golse J 1955. Précis de Matière Médicale. Paris: G.Doin & Co.

Gilg E, Brendt W, Schürhoff PM 1942. Farmacognosia. Barcelona: Editorial Labor.

Mawe J 1978. Viagens ao interior do Brasil. Belo Horizonte: ed. Itatiaia; São Paulo: ed. da Universidade de São Paulo

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Saint-Hilaire A 1974. Viagem pelo Distrito dos Diamantes e litoral do Brasil. Belo Horizonte: ed. Itatiaia; São Paulo: ed. da Universidade de São Paulo.

Silva DB 1997. Diários de Langsdorff. Rio de Janeiro: ed. FIOCRUZ.

Spix JB 1981. Viagem pelo Brasil: 1817 – 1820 / Spix e Martius. Belo Horizonte: Ed. Itatiaia; São Paulo: Ed. da Universidade de São Paulo.

Youngken HW 1943. Text-Book of Pharmacognosy. Philadelphia: The Blakinston Co.

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