BRAIN STEMDr P.S. Deb MD, DM Director NeurologyGNRC Hospitals Guwahati, Assam, India

Brainstem

Developmen

tal

Mesencepha

lon

Midbrain

Rhombence

phalon

Pons Medulla

Anatomical

(Ant-Post)

Basal Temgentum Tectum

Physiologica

l

White

matter

Descending Ascending

Gray matter

Cranial nerves

Other nuclei

DEVELOPMENT DIVISION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM

Four stages in early development of brain and cranial nerves (times are approximate). A: 31/2 weeks. B: 41/2 weeks. C: 7 weeks. D: 11 weeks

BRAIN STEM DEVELOPMENT Schematic

illustration of the widening of the central cavity in the lower brain stem during development.

BRAIN STEM ANATOMY Gross anatomy of brainstem and it's division

Anterior Posterior Lateral

Medulla at Olivary nucleus Sensory decussation Pyramidal decussation

Pons Rostral pons Caudal pons

Midbrain at Superior Colliculus Inferior Colliculus

BRAIN STEM STRUCTURE

SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP DISSECTION

BRAIN STEM LATERAL VIEW

BRAINSTEM DISSECTION

CEREBELLAR AFFRENT

CEREBELLAR EFFRENT

SOMESTHETIC SYSTEM

TRIGEMINAL SYSTEM

AUDITORY SYSTEM

VESTIBULAR SYSTEM

TASTE SYSTEM

MIDBRAIN LEVELS

MIDBRAIN AT INFERIOR COLLICULUS LEVEL

PONS

UPPER PONS

MIDDLE PONS

LOWER PONS

MEDULLA

BRAIN STEM NUCLEI

CRANIAL NERVE NUCLEI

MOTOR AND SENSORY NERVES

FACIAL NERVE NUCLEI AND FASCICLE

NUCLEUS OF SOLITARY TACT

TRIGEMINAL NUCLEAR CONNECTION

DORSAL NUCLEUS OF THE VAGUS

PrecerebellarNuclei 1. Red Nucleus 2. Vestibular Nucleus

3. Inferior Olivary Nucleus

4. Perhypoglossal Nuclei

5. Accessory Cuneate Nucleus

VESTIBULOSPINAL TRACT

CROSS SECTIONS OF THE BRAINSTEM – MAIN RETICULAR NUCLEI

POSITION OF THE RETICULAR FORMATION IN THE BRAINSTEM

THE CONNECTIONS OF THE LATERAL SPINOTHALAMIC TRACT, INCLUDING THOSE MADE WITH THE RETICULAR FORMATION

CORTICORETICULAR PROJECTIONS

ASCENDING AND DESCENDING AXONS IN RETICULAR FORMATION

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