Main structure of Brain

Cerebal Cortex

Cerebellu

m Brain Stem

Cerebral Cortex

• Movement

• Temperature

• Touch

• Vision

• Hearing

• Judgment

Cerebellum

• Muscle movements

• Posture

• Balance and equilibrium

Brain Stem •Eyes and mouth movement

•Sensory detections

•Involuntary muscle movements

Frontal lobe

Occipital lobe

Parietal lobe

Temporal lobe

CEREBAL CORTEX

Frontal lobe

•Higher order functions, conscious thought.

• Reasoning, forward and critical thinking

Parietal lobe

• Information processing ( pain , touch , pressure )

•Visual attention and face recognition

Occipital lobe

•Visual, Motion perception

•Color recognition

Temporal lobe

•Understanding spoken language and rhythm.

•Speech , Emotion response

Brain

Left Right

Concept Map View

News

Learning

Mathematical

Reasoning

Answering

Questions

Debate

Slide Presentati

on

Creation

Words Picture

Focus

Reading

Forming relationship

Spontaneous

Logic

Facts and info

Parts to whole

Whole to parts

Visualize

Left Right

Methods Memory works

in learning

Memory is Sustained

by Use

Teaching to build up brain

cells in children

High Stress Restricts Brain Processing to the Survival

State

Memory is Constructed and Stored

by Patterning

Teaching to build up brain cells in children Teachers have the opportunity to help all

children build their brains beyond their expected limits not based on learning disabilities or test scores or achievements.

Neuroplasticity, interneuron connections will still be pruned and constructed in response to learning and gaining experience.

High Stress Restricts Brain Processing to the Survival State The prefrontal cortex, where the higher

thinking processes of executive functions is the one that can manage our emotions.

Students may not have the adult brain’s developed brain function due to lack of maturity of PFC.

Brain-based research has demonstrated that new information cannot pass through the amygdala if it’s in a high metabolism.

Memory is Constructed and Stored by Patterning The brain turns data from the senses into

learned information in the hippocampus

This encoding process requires prior knowledge with a similar “pattern” to physically link with the new input if a short-term memory is to be constructed.

In order to achieve the most successful construction of working memory is the pre-activation of the prior knowledge.

Memory is Sustained by Use Practices make perfect, and it’s best

accompanied by repetition.

When a same action is taken, same neurons will respond again and more dendrites will grow and interconnect.

Constructs a better memory storage and recall efficiency.

Retention is further promoted when new memories are connected to other stored memories based on commonalities.

41 Neuroscience Terms Every Teacher Should

Know

Brain

Function

Order!!

Brain

(limbic

System) Neurons

Impulses

Neurotransmitters Synapse

Tryptophan

Acetylcholine

Dopamine

Brain mapping

• Using ECG, measures electrical activity representing brain activation along neural pathways.

Functional Brain Imaging

• The use of techniques such as PET scans and fMRI imaging to demonstrate the structure, function, or biochemical status of the brain.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET scans)

• PET scanning can show blood flow, oxygen, and glucose metabolism in the tissues of the working brain that reflect the amount of brain activity in these regions while the brain is processing sensory input (information).

Limbic System

• linked structures in the brain (including the amygdala, cingulate cortex, hippocampus, septum and basal ganglia

• Involved in regulation of emotion, memory, and proces complex socio-emotional communication.

Myelin

• fatty substance that covers and protects nerves.

• Ensure messages sent by axons are not lost

• Increase efficiency of nerve impulse travel.

Neurons

• Specialized cells in the brain and throughout the nervous system that control storage and processing of information to, from, and within the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Dopamine

•A neurotransmitter most associated with attention, decision making, executive function, and reward-stimulated learning.

•Released upon positive experiences.

Tryptophan

•an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

•Essential, reliever for the brain

Glia

•These are specialized cells that nourish, support, and complement the activity of neurons in the brain.