Brain and Nervous System - Simple Living. Creative Learning€¦ · Brain and Nervous System 1 ......

Human Body Brain and Nervous

System

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Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe

Parietal Lobe Occipital Lobe

Cerebellum

Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe


Cerebellum

Temporal Lobe Frontal Lobe


Brain Stem

Brain Stem

Brain Stem

Cerebellum

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oment In Our World

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Brain The brain is the control panel for our bodies. It receives information from outside of the body and uses it to decide which movements and actions we make. The brain is very active which means needs lots of energy. It uses mainly glucose for energy. The average adult brain weighs about 1,400g (49 ounces). It is a pinky-grey colour and feels like stiff jelly. It is covered with deep, wrinkle-like grooves. The brain has four major parts: 1.  Cerebrum 2.  Cerebellum 3.  Diencephalon 4.  Brainstem The higher mental processes of our brain is where we think, have ideas, feel emotions, change moods, solve problems and store memories. The lower level processes include the controlling of our heartbeat, breathing and digestion as we do not have to think about making them happen, they are automatic. © A Moment In Our World

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Brain The brain is the control panel for our bodies. It receives information from outside of the body and uses it to decide which movements and actions we make. The brain is very active which means needs lots of energy. It uses mainly glucose for energy. The average adult brain weighs about 1,400g (49 ounces). It is a pinky-grey color and feels like stiff jelly. It is covered with deep, wrinkle-like grooves. The brain has four major parts: 1.  Cerebrum 2.  Cerebellum 3.  Diencephalon 4.  Brainstem The higher mental processes of our brain is where we think, have ideas, feel emotions, change moods, solve problems and store memories. The lower level processes include the controlling of our heartbeat, breathing and digestion as we do not have to think about making them happen, they are automatic. © A Moment In Our World

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Brain

Your brain is the ______________ __________________________ for your body.

The brain has four major parts: 1.  ____________________________________

2.  ____________________________________

3.  ____________________________________

4.  ____________________________________

Your brain is very active so it needs lots of __________. What does it use for energy? ____________________

© A Moment In Our World

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Brain Cerebrum The cerebrum is the large, wrinkled part that covers most of the other parts of the brain. It makes up about seven-eights of the brain. The cerebrum has two parts – the left cerebral and the right cerebral, which are separated with a deep groove. This is the ‘thinking’ part of the brain where your consciousness, ideas, feeling and memories are situated. It is also very important for our movement. Cerebellum The cerebellum is situated at the bottom rear of the brain. It looks like a smaller version of the cerebrum. Its main task is to deal with the nerve signals that are sent out to the muscles, which allows our bodies to keep its balance and posture, and to make smooth, and coordinated movements.


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Brain Diencephalon The diencephalon is the centre of the brain, situated below the cerebrum and in front of the cerebellum. It also includes the thalamus and the hypothalamus. This part of the brain looks after our level of awareness, if we are fully alert, daydreaming, drowsy and even sleeping. It also checks the information that comes from our eyes, and other sense organs, except for the nose, and takes par in our moods, emotions and basic feelings such as hunger, thirst, and fear. Brainstem This is the lowest part of the brain. At its base it passes through a hole in the bottom of the skull and merges with the spinal cord. The is the automatic part of the brain that deals with the essential processes such as heart beat, breathing and digestion. © A Moment In Our World

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Brain Diencephalon The diencephalon is the center of the brain, situated below the cerebrum and in front of the cerebellum. It also includes the thalamus and the hypothalamus. This part of the brain looks after our level of awareness, if we are fully alert, daydreaming, drowsy and even sleeping. It also checks the information that comes from our eyes, and other sense organs, except for the nose, and takes par in our moods, emotions and basic feelings such as hunger, thirst, and fear. Brainstem This is the lowest part of the brain. At its base it passes through a hole in the bottom of the skull and merges with the spinal cord. The is the automatic part of the brain that deals with the essential processes such as heart beat, breathing and digestion. © A Moment In Our World

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Cerebrum This is situated in the centre of the brain and looks after our level of awareness.

Cerebellum It is large and wrinkled, has two parts and is the thinking part of the brain

Diencephalon Its base passes through a hole in the bottom of the skull and merges with the spinal cord.

Brainstem Its main task is to deal with nerve signals. It also allows our bodies with balance and posture.

Bones


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Cerebrum This is situated in the center of the brain and looks after our level of awareness.




Bones


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Cerebrum This is situated in the centre of the brain and looks after our level of awareness.




Bones


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Brain

The brain is protected by the skull around it, but it does not touch the skull bones. Instead it is separated from the bones by membranes, called meninges, that have fluid in between them. These meninges wrap around the brain and the spinal cord. Between the middle and inner meninges is a liquid known as the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This fluid forms a ‘pool’ in which the brain floats around in. It also helps to cushion the brain from knocks and vibrations. There are also four ventricles, or small chambers in the brain. These are filled with cerebrospinal fluid and are linked by passageways.


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Brain

The brain has four arteries that bring up blood from the heart. The two carotid arteries carry blood mainly to the upper and front parts of the brain. The other two, the vertebral arteries, bring blood to the lower and rear parts of the brain. A ‘roundabout’ of arteries, known as the cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) is located at the base of the brain. This is where the four arteries are situated close to each other and are linked by extra arteries. With this design, if one of the arteries gets blocked or damaged, blood from the other arteries can be used to supply blood to the brain. Learn More! Research and write a report about Alzheimer’s and how it affects the person who has it.


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Brain

What bones protect the brain? ______ __________________________.

How many arteries bring blood from the heart to the brain? ________________________________________

Where is the cerebral arterial circle situated? _________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________


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Why is this design so good? ____________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________

The Nervous System

The main system that specialises in the control and co-ordination of our bodies is the nervous system. The three parts of the nervous system are the brain, the spinal cord and the nerves. The nerves are connected to the spinal cord which is connected to the brain. The nerves send and carry messages all over the body. The nervous system has three main systems: •  the CNS – the central nervous system which consists of

the brain and the spinal cord •  the PNS – the peripheral nervous system consists of the

network of nerves that carry messages between different parts of the body, the brain and the spinal cord

•  the ANS – the autonomic nervous system has parts in both the CNS and PNS. It looks after the autonomic body processes such as digestion, breathing and heart rate.


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The Nervous System

The main system that specializes in the control and co-ordination of our bodies is the nervous system. The three parts of the nervous system are the brain, the spinal cord and the nerves. The nerves are connected to the spinal cord which is connected to the brain. The nerves send and carry messages all over the body. The nervous system has three main systems: •  the CNS – the central nervous system which consists of

the brain and the spinal cord •  the PNS – the peripheral nervous system consists of the

network of nerves that carry messages between different parts of the body, the brain and the spinal cord

•  the ANS – the autonomic nervous system has parts in both the CNS and PNS. It looks after the autonomic body processes such as digestion, breathing and heart rate.


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Nervous System Spinal Cord The spinal cord runs down your back starting at the bottom of your brain. It is protected inside the bones of your spine, called the vertebrae. The spinal cord has 31 segments. Starting at the neck there are: •  8 cervical •  12 thoracic •  5 lumber •  5 sacral •  1 coccygeal

Did you know that you and giraffes have the same number of cervical vertebrae (neck bones) in your neck? The ones in the giraffe are much, much bigger than yours!


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Nervous System Nerve Cells The role of the nerve cells, also called neurons, is to carry information to and from the brain via the spinal cord. There are two main types of nerves: 1.  Motor nerves that work with the muscles allowing you to move. 2.  Sensory nerves that bring messages from your senses to your brain. A neuron has three parts: 1.  the cell body 2.  the dendrites 3.  the axons The cell body contains the nucleus, which is the cell’s control centre, and other structures that provide the cell with energy. The dendrites are short, thin extensions that stretch out from the neuron. Usually there are about 6 main dendrites. These bring in information to the cell from other neurons. The axons are the longest of the cell extensions. They are the pathway leading away from the cell. They carry nerve impulses from the cell body to another neuron or to a muscle. Signals are sent from neuron to neuron along the axon. © A Moment In Our World

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Nervous System Nerve Cells The role of the nerve cells, also called neurons, is to carry information to and from the brain via the spinal cord. There are two main types of nerves: 1.  Motor nerves that work with the muscles allowing you to move. 2.  Sensory nerves that bring messages from your senses to your brain. A neuron has three parts: 1.  the cell body 2.  the dendrites 3.  the axons The cell body contains the nucleus, which is the cell’s control center, and other structures that provide the cell with energy. The dendrites are short, thin extensions that stretch out from the neuron. Usually there are about 6 main dendrites. These bring in information to the cell from other neurons. The axons are the longest of the cell extensions. They are the pathway leading away from the cell. They carry nerve impulses from the cell body to another neuron or to a muscle. Signals are sent from neuron to neuron along the axon. © A Moment In Our World

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Nervous System

What does the nervous system control?___ ____________________________ ____________________________.

What are the three parts of the nervous system? ________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________.

What do these parts do? Spinal Cord: _______________________________ ________________________________________ Nerves: ___________________________________ ________________________________________


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Brain and Nervous System - Simple Living. Creative Learning€¦ · Brain and Nervous System 1 ......

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