Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters...

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Cell Membrane

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Transcript of Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters...

Page 1: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

Cell Membrane

Page 2: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings.

Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

Selectively permeable- only allows certain things to enter and leave the cell

Maintains homeostasis

Cell Membrane

Page 3: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

Cell membrane

Page 4: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

Permeable – anything can cross.

Impermeable –nothing can cross

Selectively permeable-(cell membrane)allows some substances to cross more easily than others.

Permeability

Page 5: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

The amount of solute (what is dissolving) per amount of solution.The cytoplasm of the cell is one concentrationThe outside of the cell is another concentrationThey work to have the same concentration

Concentration gradient – occurs when there are differences in concentration.

When the concentration of the outside of the cell is the same as the concentration of the cytoplasm, the cell has reached equilibrium.

Concentration

Page 6: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

Osmosis occurs when water molecules move across a membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. (with a concentration gradient). This occurs until equilibrium occurs.

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Does not require energy.

Passive Transport-Diffusion/Osmosis

Page 7: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

The diffusion of water.Hypertonic solution – a solution with a

greater concentration of solute outside the cell than inside.

Passive Transport - Osmosis

What direction will water flow??

Page 8: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

The diffusion of water.Hypotonic solution – a solution with a lower

concentration of solute outside the cell than inside the cell.

Passive Transport - Osmosis

What direction will water flow??

Page 9: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

The diffusion of water.Isotonic solution – a solution with a

concentration of solute outside the cell equal to the concentration inside the cell.

Passive Transport - Osmosis

What direction will water flow??

Page 10: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

Diffusion of larger or highly charged molecules with the “help” of protein channels.

Does not require energy.

Passive Transport – Facilitated Diffusion

Page 11: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

Movement of particles across a membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. (against the concentration gradient)

Requires energy!!

Active Transport

Page 12: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

Types of Active TransportSmall particles use protein pumps.Larger particles require movement of

the cell membrane.Endocytosis – taking in material.

Phagocytosis – cell eating (taking in food)

Pinocytosis – cell drinking (taking in liquid)

Exocytosis – getting rid of waste.

Page 13: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

*Membrane is composed of Phospholipids, Proteins, and Carbohydratesa. Phospholipids- an amphipathic molecule, which means it has both a hydrophilic region (attracts water) and a hydrophobic region (repels water). b. Proteins- embedded and dispersed throughout the membranec. Carbohydrates

Structure of MembraneLipid Bi-layer

Page 14: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

2 major types:1. Peripheral- lies on the surface of

the membrane. Transmits stimuli from outside the cell to inside the cell and influences cell shape

2. Integral- extends through the membrane

3. A. marker protein-(name tags) identifies cells

4. B. Transport protein- (shipping/receiving)

5. C. Receptor protein- (communication) interacts with other cells

proteins

Page 15: Boundary that separates the living cell from its’ non-living surroundings. Controls what enters and leaves the cell and provides protection and support.

•Look like helium balloons•They are not connected together•They have a hydrophilic region (polar) which attracts water•They have a hydrophobic region (non-polar) which repels water•A bi-layer system•Called a Fluid Mosaic Model- because it flows and has many parts that intermingle.

phospholipids


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The Cell Membrane · 2013-11-05 · AP Biology Cell membrane defines cell Cell membrane separates living cell from aqueous environment thin barrier = 8nm thick Controls traffic in

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