borjomis raionSi Catarebuli arqeologiuri kvleva-Ziebis...

borjomis raionSi

Catarebuli arqeologiuri kvleva-Ziebis

kompleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi

(Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri)

avtorebi

irine RambaSiZe, giorgi gogoWuri

momzadda

saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumis

oTar lorTqifaniZis

arqeologiis centri

uznaZis q. #14

0102 Tbilisi, saqarTvelo

gadaeca

BTC/SCP milsadenebis kompanias

saburTalos q. #38

Tbilisi, saqarTvelo

samuSao Sesrulda kontraqtebis safuZvelze

C-06-BTC-116628

C-06-SCP-116630

HL-242

2007

Zegli IV-338, sofeli sakire, 199-e kilometri, kolpleqsuri teqnikuri angariSi

2

sarCevi

mokle mimoxilva .................................................................................................................... 3

1.0 Sesavali .................................................................................................................... 4 2.0 garemo foni .................................................................................................................... 5

2.1 Zeglis mdebareoba da aRwera ................................................. 5

2.2 warsuli garemo ................................................ 6

2.3 miwis gamoyenebis istoria ............................................... 7

3.0 kulturul foni .................................................................................................... 8

3.1 preistoriuli da istoriuli konteqsti .................... 8

3.2 warsulSi Catarebuli kvlevebis mimoxilva ........... 16

4.0 meTodologia ............................................................................................................... 17

4.1 savele meTodebi ................................................................................... 17

4.2. laboratoriuli meTodebi ......................................................... 17

5.0 Sedegebi .................................................................................................................................. 18

5.1 ZiriTeadi monacemebis molke mimoxilva ........................ 18

5.2 Zeglebi .................................................................................................................... 19

5.3 artefaqtebi ................................................................................................ 20

6.0 interpretacia ..................................................................................................... 23

7.0 daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi ........................................................................... 25

8.0 bibliografia .................................................................................................... 26

danarTebis sia

danarTi A artefaqtebis nusxa ...................................................................... 29

danarTi B anTropologiuri kvlevis Sedegebi .......................

tabulebis sia

tabula I saqarTveloSi Zeglis mdebareobis

aRmniSvneli ruka ..........................................................................

tabula II erTi kilometris radiusSi mdebare

Zeglebis ruka ..........................................................................

tabula III pedologiuri da arqeologiuri stratigrafia ......

tabula IV samarxi #2 .......................................................................................................

tabula V artefaqtebi II donidan ........................................................

tabula VI artefaqtebi #2 samarxidan ........................................................

tabula VII artefaqtebi I da II doneebidan ..........................................

tabula VIII artefaqtebi I donidan ..........................................................

tabula IX kraniologiuri masala #1 da #2 samarxebidan .......� ��

mokle mimoxilva

es angariSi warmoadgens milsadenis mSeneblobasTan dakavSirebiT

Catarebuli arqeologiuri da laboratoriuli kvlevebis Sedegebs.


3

kvleva Catarda IV_338 Zeglze, romelic mdebareobs samcxeSi, borjomis

raionSi, sof. sakireSi, 199+320 km. niSnulze.

sakiris cixis siaxloves, adgil sanacreebze gazsadenis milisaTvis

Txrilis gaWrisas dazianda kulturuli fenebi da ormosamarxi. am

monakveTze droebiT SeCerda mimdinare miwis samuSaoebi da eqspediciam

wamoiwyo mciremasStabiani gaTxrebi, romelTa mizansac warmoadgenda

Zeglis xasiaTisa da stratigrafiis garkveva, dazianebuli samarxis

gawmenda, monacemTa amoReba da dokumentireba.

savele da laboratoriuli samuSaoebi Catarda oTar lorTqifaniZis

arqeologiis institutis borjomis arqeologiuri eqspediciis mier,

irine RambaSiZis xelmZRvanelobiT, 2005-2007 wlebSi.

Seswavlili iqna 3.0-3.5 m sisqis kulturuli fenebi 32 m2-is farTobze.

kvlevis Sedegad dadginda, rom Zegli aris gvianbrinjao-

adreSuasaukuneebis mravalfeniani namosaxlari da samarovani. Zeglis I

fena ganekuTvneba adreuli Sua saukuneebis namosaxlars � marans,

romelSic dadasturda 4 qvevri da qviT Sevsebuli erTi ormo. II fena

Sedgeba ori donisagan: erTSi gaiTxara elinisturi xanis ori samarxi;

meoreSi ki dadasturda ufro adreuli etapis namosaxlaris naSTebi,

romlebic samarxebis gamarTvis Sedegad aris dazianebuli. gaTxrebis

Sedegad gamovlinda 97 artefaqti.


4

1.0 Sesavali

kvlevis mizani

sakiris cixis siaxloves, adgil sanacreebze, milsadenis 199-e km-ze

gazsadenis milisaTvis Txrilis gaWrisas dazianda kulturuli fenebi

da ormosamarxi. am monakveTze droebiT SeCerda mimdinare miwis

samuSaoebi da eqspediciam wamoiwyo mciremasStabiani gaTxrebi,

romelTa mizansac warmoadgenda IV-338 Zeglis xasiaTisa da

stratigrafiis garkveva, dazianebuli samarxis gawmenda, monacemTa

amoReba da dokumentireba.

proeqtis damfinansebeli

savele da laboratoriuli samuSaoebi daafinansa BTC milsadenis

kompaniam.

nebarTvebi da kontraqtebi

nebarTva #3, forma #1 gaica saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis

prezidiumTan arsebuli arqeologiuri komisiis mier irina RambaSiZis

saxelze, borjomosa da axalcixis raionebSi, baqo-Tbilisi-jeihanis

milsadenis mSeneblobis teritoriaze arqeologiuri kvleva-Ziebis

Casatareblad.

aRniSnuli samuSaoebTi mimdinareobda Semdegi kontraqtebis

safuZvelze: C-03-BTC-52923, C-03-SCP-52927, HL-194, HL-196, HL-197, HL-242. samarTlebrivi safuZveli

saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa

akademiis prezidiumTan arsebuli arqeologiuri komisia

uflebamosili iyo nebarTva gaeca yvelanairi arqeologiuri

samuSaoebis warmoebaze saqarTvelos teritoriaze. arqeologiuri

samuSaoebi unda Catarebuliyo arqeologiuri komisiis moTxovnebis

Sesabamisad.

gaTxrebis TariRi

sofel sakireSi, adgil sanacreebze arqeologiuri gaTxrebi

iwarmoeboda 2005 wlis 8-dan 17 dekembramde.

proeqtSi monawile ZiriTadi personali

xelmZRvaneli - irine RambaSiZe

arqeologi - giorgi gogoWuri

arqiteqtori - nino oqruaSvili

asistenti - daviT RambaSiZe

masalis Senaxvis adgili

Zegl IV-338-ze mopovebuli arqeologiuri masala da masTan

dakavSirebuli savele Tu laboratoriuli angariSebi inaxeba

saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumis oTar lorTqifaniZis arqeologiis

cenrtSi, uznaZis 14, 0102 Tbilisi, saqarTvelo

tel. 995 32 952920

sabolood arqeologiuri artefaqtebi daculi iqneba borjomis

mxareTmcodneobis muzeumSi, wminda ninos 5, 1200 borjomi, saqarTvelo


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2.0 garemo foni

borjomis raioni emTxveva istoriul Toris mxares. is moicavs mtkvris

xeobas axaldabidan dviramde da aseve gujareTiswylisa, Savwyalas

(borjomulas) da ramdenime patara mdinaris xeobebs. Crdilo-

dasavleTidan mas farglavs mesxeTis qedi, samxreTidan _ TrialeTis

qedi.

borjomis raionis teritoria agebulia umTavresad eocenis

vulkanogenuri wyebebiT, andezitebiT, tufebiTa da danaleqi qanebiT.

gvxvdeba meoTxeuli mdinareuli da tbis naleqebic. aq aris bakurianis,

gujareTisa da dabaZvelis vulkanuri centrebi. reliefis SedarebiT

msxvili formebidan aRsaniSnavia cixisjvris lavuri plato.

hava gardamavalia kontinentur subtropikulidan zRvis

subtropikulamde, civi zamTriTa da xangrZlivi zafxuliT. haeris

saSualo wliuri temperaturaa 6-10°C, temperaturis wliuri amplituda

_ 23-25°. wliuri naleqebi 400-600 mm-ia. Tovlis saburvelis simaRle

saSualod 20-40 sm-s aRwevs (saqarTvelos fizikuri geografia 2000).

borjomis raioni mdidaria mcenareulobiT. aq cnobilia mcenareTa 1600-

ze meti saxeoba. raionis teritoriis gabatonebulia upiratesad

naZvnar-soWnari da naZvnar-wiflnari, aris fiWvnaric. Sereul tyeebSi

wiwvianebis gverdiT gvxvdeba wifeli, nekerCxali, muxa, aryi. 2100 m-is

simaRlidan tyeebs subalpuri mdeloebi cvlis.

fauna mravalferovania. ZuZumwovrebidan gvxvdeba iremi, Sveli, wavi,

ciyvi, kverna, maCvi, mgeli, mela, iSviaTad mura daTvi, aqa-q focxveri.

frinvelebidan binadrobs arwivi, kavkasiuri roWo, kodala da sxva.

mdinareebSi ZiriTadad gavrceleblia kalmaxi da murwa (qarTuli

sabWoTa enciklopedia 1977) borjomis raioni mdidaria bunebrivad

Tbili wyaroebiT. kerZod sofel sakiresa da mis SemogarenSi civi

mCqefare wyaroebia. Soriaxlos, sofel dvirTan aris samkurnalo

Tvisebebis mqone Tbili wylebi.

2.1AZeglis mdebareoba da aRwera

namosaxlari da samarovani mdebareobs borjomis raionis sofel

sakires samxreT-aRmosavleTiT, adgil sanacreebSi. Zegli moicavs 2

heqtaramde teritorias da mdebareobs md. mtkvris marjvena Senakadis

md. sakirulas marjvena mxares, Zlier damrec ferdobze, zRvis donidan

1358 m. simaRleze.

geologiurad reliefi aq vulkanuri warmoSobisaa. Zeglis SemogarenSi

umTavresad gavrcelebulia tyis yomrali da gaewerebuli yomrali

niadagebi. dedaqanamade siRrme 1,0 m-de meryeobs. Zeglis mimdebare

teritoriis didi nawili tyesa da buCqnars uWiravs.


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2.2 warsuli garemo

uZvelesi dasaxleba saqarTvelos teritoriaze gamovlenilia dmanisSi,

sadac olduvais epoqis (1,8 milioni wlis win) qvis inventarsa da

faunistur masalasTan erTad hominidebis naSTebicaa mikvleuli. asevea

aRsaniSnavi samxreT-aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi aRmoCenili jerjerobiT

erTaderTi adreaSeluri Zegli _ axalqalaqis amiranisgora, romelsac

qronologiurad mohyveba qvis xanis sxvadasxva periodis asobiTY Zegli

(gabunia, vekua 2005). am Zeglebze mikvleul anTropologiur da

paleontologiur masalebs didi mniSvneloba aqvs saqarTveloSi

meoTxeuli periodis (pleistocenidan adre holocenis CaTvliT)

bunebrivi garemos formirebis procesis Sesaswavlad.

mindelis epoqis dasawyisamde (0,6-0,7 milioni wlis win) dRevandeli

saqrTvelos teritoriaze iyo zomierad Tbili hava da savanis tipis

landSafti. havis mkveTr gauaresebas adgili hqonda mindelis epoqis

dasawyisSi. es movlena saqarTvelos teritoriasac Seexo, Tumca misi

samxreTuli mdebareobis gamo aciebas ar hqonia didi masStabi. amis

Semdeg iwyeba mindel-risis Tbili epoqa, romelsac dedamiwis

istoriaSi yvelaze didi _ risuli gamyinvareba cvlis. risis

gamyinvarebas enacvleba risi-viurmis gamyinvarebaTa Soriseuli Tbili

epoqa, romlis asaki 120-70 aTasi wlis winandeli droiTaa

gansazRvruli.

daaxloebiT 70 aTasi wlis win daiwyo Zlieri acieba, ramac ganapiroba

viurmuli gamyinvareba. am gamyinvarebam didi gavlena moaxdina qvis

xanis adamianis gansaxlebaze. mkacri acivebis gamo adamiani tovebs

saSualo da maRalmTian mxareebs da maT mxolod zafxulis Tbil

sezonSi iyenebs, ZiriTadad sanadirod. am epoqaSi adamians mudmiv

sacxovreblad gamoyenebuli hqonda mxolod saqarTvelos bari. Zveli qvis xanidan axali qvis xanisaken gadasvla moxda

zedapleistocenidan holocenisaken gardamaval etapze (daaxloebiT 10-

12 aTasi wlis win). am dros mkveTrad Seicvala hava, rac sagrZnob

daTbobaSi gamoixata.

mezoliTSi adamiani kvlav daubrunda maRalmTian raionebs, romelic

wina, viurmuli gamyinvarebis dros miatova. aqedan moyolebuli

adamiani saqarTvelos teritoriis yvela landSaftur sartyels

iTvisebs sacxovreblad. es imaze miuTiTebs, rom gamyinvarebis momdevno

xanaSi (holocenSi) bunebriv garemos arsebiTi cvlilebebi ar ganucdia

(saqarTvelos arqeologia 1991).

pleistocenuri faunisa da floris monacemebze dayrdnobiT, garkveul

donemde SesaZlebelia saqarTvelos teritoriaze paleoekologiuri

suraTis rekonstruqcia. adre pleistocenidan adre holocenamde

klimaturi pirobebi mkveTrad ar Secvlila. hava iyo zomierad mSrali

da Tbili (gabunia, vekua 1978). aRmosavleT saqarTvelos reliefi Rrma

xeobebiT danawevrebuli saSualo simaRlis mTagoriani masivebiT

xasiaTdeboda. mcenareTa namarxi naSTebis SeswavliT dadginda, rom im

drois aRmosavleT saqarTvelos baris tyeebSi xarobda Tbili da

zomierad teniani havis moyvaruli jiSebi _ muxa, tirifi, Zelqva,

verxvi, aryi, Txili da sxva (gabunia, vekua 1978). namarxi ZuZumwovrebis

Zvlovani masalis kvlevis Sedegad dadasturda cxovelTa Semdegi


7

saxeobebi: enotisebri ZaRli, afTari, focxveri, xmalkbila vefxvi,

maCvzRarba, mastodonti, giganturi danama, martorqa, spilo,

gaSlilrqiani iremi, Sveli, rqagrexili antilopa, urqo Zroxa,

frinvelebidan _ siraqlema da sxva (gabunia, vekua 1997).

2.3 miwis gamoyenebis istoria

sanacreebis namosaxlaris mimdebare teritoriaze dgas adreuli Sua

saukuneebiT daTariRebuli gujris cixe-simagre da namosaxlari,

romelSic SemorCenilia qviT nagebi Senobebis, maT Soris eklesiis

naSTebi. Zeglis samxreT-aRmosavleTi mxare naTesebs uWiravs.


8

3.0 kulturuli foni

3.1 preistoriuli da istoriuli konteqsti

qveda paleoliTi (2 000 000 � 100 000 wlis win)

qveda paleoliTi geologiurad pleistocenis adreul safexurs

Seesabameba. am dros gaCnda agebulebis mxriv Tanamedrove adamiani.

gvaris Homo (Homo erectus) pirveli warmomadgenlebi cxovrobdnen mcire

jgufebad da ikvebebodnen sacxovreblis garSemo arsebuli bunebrivi

resursebiT. am periodis obieqti saqarTvelos teritoriaze

gamovlenilia dmanisSi. aq qvis inventarsa da pliocenis faunis

naSTebTan erTad mikvleulia Homo erectus-is naSTebi, romlebic

uZvelesia afrikis kontinentis gareT aRmoCenilTa Soris. isini,

iordanes velis ubdaisas obieqtTan erTad, gviCvenebs Zveli

hominidebis migraciis gzas afrikis gareT.

saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebobs 16 ubani, sadac aRniSnuli

periodiT an ufro gviandeli droiT daTariRebuli aSeluri tipis

qvis iaraRebis kompleqsia aRmoCenili. aqedan ori ubani mdebareobs

qveynis samxreT nawilSi milsadenis derefnis mimdebare teritoriaze.

Sua paleoliTi (100 000 � 35 000 wlis win)

es periodi emTxveva uZvelesi Homo sapiens-is, neandertaleli adamianis

warmoSobas. evropaSi da samxreT-aRmosavleT aziaSi adamianis

istoriis am periodis gviani etapi gamoirCeva e. w. musties qvis

iaraRebis kulturiT, romelic aSelurTan SedarebiT, ufro ukeT

damuSavebuli da ufro mravalferovani formis iaraRebiTaa

warmodgenili. iseve, rogorc CrdiloeT evropam, saqarTvelomac am

periodis ZiriTadi dro glaciur da peri-glaciur garemoSi gaatara.

saqarTveloSi musties qvis iaraRebis 75-ze meti adgilsamyofelia gaxs-

nili. amaTgan Svidi napovnia samxreT saqarTveloSi, proeqtis sivrcis

ZiriTad raionSi.

zeda paleoliTi (35 000 _ 14 000 wlis win)

zeda paleoliTi Seesabameba gvian pleistocenur periods. am periodSi

qvis iaraRebis damzadebis teqnologia mkveTrad umjobesdeba.

zogierTi arqeologis varaudiT, sxvadasxva adgilebSi aRmoCenili qvis

iaraRebis gansxvavebuloba miuTiTebs am periodSi kulturulad

gansxvavebuli jgufebis arsebobaze.

varaudoben, rom am periodSi Camouyalibda adamians metyvelebis unari.

zeda paleoliTis adamianebi saqarTveloSi dakavebuli unda

yofiliyvnen jgufuri nadirobiT. isini xocavdnen irems, bizons,

gareul cxens, gareul Txas, daTvs, gamoqvabulis loms, romelTa naST-

ebi didi raodenobiT aris nanaxi zeda paleoliTis ZeglebSi. adamiani

saxlobda bunebriv gamoqvabulebSi, kldeebis RrmulebSi, mosanadire-

beli cxovelebis bilikebis maxloblad.

saqarTveloSi aRmoCenili sul cota 33 mniSvnelovani zeda paleoli-

Turi obieqtidan sami samxreT saqarTveloSia. arcerTi maTgani ar aris

milsadenis derefanSi an mis maxloblad.

mezoliTi (Zv. w. 12000 � 8000 wlebi)

mezoliTis periodis dasawyisi ganisazRvreba pleistocenis epoqis

dasasruliTa da holocenis dasawyisiT. ganvlilma viurmis glaciaciam


9

Seqmna ufro zomieri klimati, ris gamoc gaCnda SedarebiT didi

sivrceebis aTvisebis saSualeba. nadiroba cxovrebis ZiriTad wyarod

rCeboda, magram adamianma daiwyo ufro mravalferovani msxverplis

Zieba. nadirobdnen rogorc jogurad, ise gancalkevebiT mcxovreb

sxvadasxva zomis cxovelebze _ irmebze, cxenebze, cxvrebze.

ekonomikis mniSvnelovani nawili gaxda sezonuri mcenareuli

produqtebis sistematuri mopoveba. adamiani gadavida gamoqvabulis

sivrcidan Ria sivrceebis dakavebaze. es erTnairad xdeboda

saqarTveloSi, mTels evropaSi da samxreT-dasavleT aziaSi. am

periodis gansakuTrebuli Taviseburebaa iaraRis masalis da iaraRis

nairsaxeobebis mkveTri gamravalferovneba. mikroliTebi (kaJis da

obsidianis saWrelebi) da gaprialebuli samtvrevi qvebi, romlebic

mcenareebis dasamuSaveblad gamoiyeneboda, am periodSi Cveulebrivi

movlenaa. qvis sawafebi da harpunebi miuTiTebs TevzWeris

popularobaze. zeda paleoliTis sazogadoebidan mezoliTis

sazogadoebaze gadasvla martivad ganixileba rogorc holocenis

zomieri garemoTi ganpirobebul mravalferovan da ufro xelmisawvdom

resursebTan Seguebis procesi. saqarTveloSi mezoliTis 12

mniSvnelovani obieqtia cnobili. aqedan arcerTi ar aris milsadenis

derefnis siaxloves.

neoliTuri da eneoliTuri periodebi (Zv. w. 8000 � 3500 wlebi)

neoliTuri periodis dasawyisi cnobilia, rogorc revoluciuri,

ramdenadac am dros moxda mkveTri Zvrebi adamianis ekonomikur

cxovrebaSi. adamianma daiwyo nadirobidan da Semgroveblobidan

cxovelebis da mcenareebis moSenebaze gadasvla da xeli mihyo

miwaTmoqmedebas da mesaqonleobas. amavdroulad daiwyo meTuneoba

dagrovebuli mcenareuli sakvebis Sesanaxad da mosamzadeblad.

farTod dainerga iseTi qvis iaraRebi, rogoricaa xelculi, waldi,

namglis CasarTebi, sasres-safqvavebi da Toxi, romlebic miwis

gasasufTaveblad da gasafxviereblad ixmareboda.

paleoliTis da mezoliTis periodebisgan gansxvavebiT, saqarTvelos

neoliTur arqeologiur kompleqsebSi ZiriTad naSTebs meTuneobis

produqciis (sakvebis mosamzadebeli da Sesanaxi WurWlis) namsxvrevebi

warmoadgens, rac sakvebis damzadebis da Senaxvis did mniSvnelobaze

metyvelebs.

pirveli gancalkevebuli neoliTuri saxlebi saqarTvelos

teritoriaze Sedgeboda erTmaneTSi gamavali mrgvali an elifsuri

oTaxebisagan. maT aliziT aSenebdnen da, savaraudod, xis ZelebiT

amagrebdnen; xuravdnen xis totebiT da SlamiT. dasaxlebis

organizaciis magaliTia imiris goris ubani qvemo qarTlSi (samxreT

saqarTvelo)..

Zv. w. VI-V aTaswleulebSi, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos teritoriaze

Camoyalibebulia maRalganviTarebuli miwaTmoqmedebis kultura.

dadasturebulia sxvadasxva jiSis xorbleulis, qeris, fetvis, Svriis,

agreTve parkosnebis (muxudo, ospi), nesvis, mJaunas da sxvaTa naSTebi.

aRmoCenili yurZnis wipwebi miCneulia kulturul vazze gardamaval

formad. dadasturebulia martivi sairigacio sistemis gamoyenebac.

saqarTveloSi daaxloebiT 60 neoliTuri Zeglia cnobili.

umravlesoba dasavleT saqarTveloSia, Tumca maTi koncentracia


10

aRiniSneba qveynis samxreT mxareebSic. gviani neoliTis (eneoliTis)

erTi Zegli mdebareobs proeqtis mimdebare teritoriaze axalcixis

raionSi.

brinjaos xana (Zv. w. 3500 � 800 wlebi)

brinjaos xanis kulturam evropaSi, xmelTaSuazRvispireTSi da aziis

samxreT-dasavleTSi Seqmna sazogadoebis axali tipi, romelic

damyarebuli iyo mesaqonleobasa da miwaTmoqmedebaze, meTuneobisa da

bunebrivi liTonis damuSavebis teqnikur ganviTarebaze. es iyo pirveli

stratificirebuli sazogadoeba, romelic imarTeboda samxedro da

sasuliero elitis mier. maT maRal socialur statuss asaxavs

Zvirfasi qvebis, Zvirfasi liTonebisa da brinjaosagan ostaturad

nakeTi samkaulebi.

brinjaos xana iyofa adre, Sua da gvianbrinjaos periodebad.

saqarTvelos teritoriaze am epoqis uadresi kulturaa mtkvar-araqsis

kultura, romelic moicavs eneoliTsa da adreul brinjaos xanas (Zv.

w. 3500-2500 wlebi). is xasiaTdeba alizis, qvis an Tixalesili sar-

lastis nagebobebiT, maRalganviTarebuli sameTuneo, metalurgiuli

saqmianobiT da amave dros ganviTarebuli miwaTmoqmedebiT da

mesaqonleobiT. am kulturis naSTebi koncentrirebulia samxreT

saqarTvelos centralur nawilSi. is aseve vrceldeboda Tanamedrove

somxeTis, azerbaijanisa da aRmosavleT TurqeTis teritoriaze da

ufro samxreTiTac, siria-palestinamde.

sakirisa da taZrisis mimdebare teritoria adrebrinjaos xanidan

intensiurad Cans dasaxlebuli. 2005 wels taZrisis axlos, adgil

Tislis serze gamovlenilia mtkvar-araqsuli kulturis namosaxlari. mtkvar-araqsis kulturas cvlis adreyorRanuli kultura, romelSic

ori etapi gamoiyofa: martyofuli da bedenuri. adreyorRanuli

kulturis adreuli, martyofuli etapis yorRani 2004 wels gaiTxara

kodianas mTaze, milsadenis derefnis 193 km-ze (borjomis arq.

eqspediciis 2004 w. gaTxrebis angariSi). sakiris aRmosavleTiT, adgil

yoCos goraze dazvervebis Sedegad aRmoCenilia Zv. w. II aTaswleulis

namosaxlari da samarovani. aq moZiebuli brinjaos mravalferovani

iaraR-samkauli warmoadgens e. w. mesxuri liTonis tipiur nawarms. Suabrinjaos xanaSi gavrcelebulia e. w. TrialeTis kultura (Zv. w.

2500-1500 wlebi). misi gavlena vrceldeboda dRevandeli saqarTvelos

sazRvrebs gareTac, samxreTiT da aRmosavleTiT. kulturis

saxelwodeba modis TrialeTis platodan (samxreT-centraluri

saqarTvelos teritoria, romelsac kveTs milsadenis derefani), sadac

1930-ian wlebSi arqeologiurad pirvelad iqna Seswavlili misi

naSTebi. TrialeTis kultura xasiaTdeba didi zomis yorRanuli

samarxebiT, brwyinvale sameTuneo nawarmiT, brinjaos metalurgiiTa da

saiuveliro xelovnebiT. sadReisod TrialeTis kultura Seswavlilia

mxolod samarxeuli kompleqsebis meSveobiT. am kulturis matarebeli

sazogadoebis namosaxlarebi jerjerobiT ucnobia.

gviani brinjaos xanaSi swrafad mimdinareobs samxreTqarTveluri

tomebis konsolidaciis procesi, romlis gamoxatulebac iyo

monaTesave tomebis arealSi vrceli teritoriis momcveli

erTgvarovani kulturis Camoyalibeba. dasavleT saqarTveloSi gviani

brinjaos xanaSi viTardeba kolxuri kultura. Zv w XIII-XII saukuneebSi


11

maT safuZvelze Seiqmna didi winasaxelmwifoebrivi gaerTianebebi _

diaoxi (istoriuli saqarTvelos samxreT-dasavleT mxare, axla

TurqeTSia) da kolxa (dasavleT saqarTvelo).

Suabrinjaos xanis bolo etapze (Zv. w. II aTaswleulis Sua xanebi) da

gvianbrinjaos xanaSi Tori gansakuTrebiT intensiurad saxldeba da

kulturulad winaurdeba. aq gamovlenil gvianbrijaos xanis ZeglTagan

aRsaniSnavia: sof. rvelSi (banisxevSi) SemTxveviT aRmoCenili

kuluturuli fena (Известия Археологической Комиссии 1911); sof. waRverSi

gaTxrili meliToneobis saxelosnos naSTi; aqve, sof. waRverSi

gaTxrili amave periodis ramodenime samarxi; gujareTis xeobaSi

gaTxrili spilenZ-brinjaos gadamamuSavebeli saxelosnos naSTebi da

misTvis damaxasiaTebeli Tanmxlebi masala; sof. TelovanSi SemTxveviT

mopovebuli brinjaos inventari (kolxuri culebi, aRmosavlur-

amierkavkasiuri tipis culebi, liTonis yalibebi, zodebi da sxva),

romelic gansakuTrebuli Rirebulebis masalad aris miCneuli

(RambaSiZe 1967); sof. gomnaSi gamovlenili samarovani (nioraZe 1943).

1970-80-ian wlebSi gaiTxara gvianbrinjao-adrerkinis xanis Zeglebi

rvelSi, CiTaxevSi, kviracxovelSi, borniReleSi, berbukebsa da

maWarwyalSi (Гамбашиде, Квижинадзе 1979, 1981, 1985). rkinis xana da adreklasikuri periodi (Zv. w. 800-500 wlebi)

Zv. w. I aTaswleulis dasawyisSi brinjaos damuSavebidan rkinis

metalurgiaze gadasvlam mniSvnelovani Zvrebi gamoiwvia ekonomikis

ganviTarebaSi da sazogadoebis cxovrebaSi.

aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi rkinis warmoebis uZvelesi kera iyo rkinis

madnebiT mdidari qvemo qarTli. rkinis xanis Zeglebi gamovlenilia

walkisa da borjomis raionebSic. dasavleT saqarTveloSi rkinis

warmoebis centrebi dadasturebulia rogorc SavizRvispireTSi, ise

Sida regionebSi, saidanac farTod xdeboda rkinis madnis eqsportireba

berZnul polisebSi.

am periods emTxveva adrindeli qarTveluri gaerTianebebis dacema.

diauxi Zv. w. IX-VIII saukuneTa mijnaze gaanadgura urartus samefom.

kolxa Zv. w. 720 wlis axlos daeca kimerielTa Semosevis Sedegad.

klasikuri periodi (Zv. w. 500-325 wlebi)

aRmosavleT saqarTvelo am periodSi aqemeniduri sparseTis Zlieri

politikuri da kulturuli gavlenis qveS imyofeboda. am gavlenas

adasturebs axalgoris ganZi da cixiagoraze mopovebuli

arqeologiuri masala. mimdinareobda calkeul tomTa konsolidaciis

procesi, romelSic wamyvani roli mesxur tomebs ekuTvnoda.Dam

periodSi dafuZnda qalaqi mcxeTa.

dasavleT saqarTveloSi Zv. w. VI s-is meore naxevarSi Camoyalibda

kolxeTis samefo Tavis qalaqebiT, sataZro centrebiT, ganviTarebuli

mravaldargobrivi xelosnuri warmoebiT, farTo saerTaSoriso

kontaqtebiT. Zv. w. VI-UIV saukuneebSi SavizRvispireTSi gaCnda

berZnuli axalSenebi fazisi (foTTan), gienosi (oCamCire), dioskuria

(soxumi), romelTac xeli Seuwyves kolxeTis ekonomikuri da

kulturuli kavSirebis gafarToebasa da gaRrmavebas. kolxeTis farTo

savaWro urTierTobebi berZnul samyarosTan dasturdeba antikur

avtorTa cnobebiT da mravalferovani arqeologiuri monacemebiT.

gahqondaT ZiriTadad xe-tye da seli, SemohqondaT fufunebis sagnebi _


12

Zvirfasi WurWeli, samkaulebi. aq mimoqcevaSi iyo rogorc berZnuli

fuli, iseve adgilobriv moWrili monetebi _ kolxuri TeTri. samefos

mTavari saqalaqo-sataZro centris _ vanis gaTxrebma, romlebic 1947

wlidan dRemde mimdinareobs, umdidresi arqeologiuri masala

gamoavlina.

elinisturi xana (Zv. w. 325-65 wlebi)

iberiasa da kolxeTSi aleqsandre makedonels ar ulaSqria.

saqarTvelo elinisturi oikumenes gareT darCa, magram politikurma,

savaWro-ekonomikurma da kulturulma kontaqtebma elinistur

samyarosTan qveynis ganviTarebaze didi gavlena iqonia.

aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi calkeul gaerTianebebs Soris brZolis

Sedegad Zv. w. IV-IIIO saukuneTa mijnaze Camoyalibda iberiis (qarTlis)

samefo dedaqalaqiT mcxeTaSi. qarTuli saistorio tradicia

(`qarTlis cxovreba~) pirvel mefed farnavazs asaxelebs da masve

miawers dedaqalaqis citadelis _ armazcixis mSeneblobasa da armazis

kerpis aRmarTvas. farnavazs mWidro kavSiri hqonda selevkidebis

elinistur samefosTan da saxelmwifo organizaciac mis msgavsad

ganawesa.

elinistur xanaSi saqarTveloze gadioda erT-erTi umTavresi msoflio

savaWro-satranzito magistrali, romlis meSveobiTac qveyanaSi

vrceldeboda berZnuli saqoneli (keramika, torevtika, gliptika da

sxva). dainerga elinisturi samoneto sistema: kolxeTSi Wridnen

lisimaqes, xolo iberiaSi aleqsandres staterebis oqros minabaZebs.

elinistur xanaSi aRiniSneba urbanizaciis procesis gaZliereba da

qalaqebis dawinaureba. am periods emTxveva iberiis dedaqalaq mcxeTisa

da kolxeTis mTavari sataZro qalaqis _ vanis aRmavloba. farTod

gavrcelda elinisturi samSeneblo wesebi da nagebobaTa zogierTi

tipi. elinisturi gavlena atyvia xelosnobis zogierT dargsac _

magaliTad, safeiqro warmoebaSi dainerga vertikaluri saqsovi dazga.

gavrcelda berZnul-elinisturi religiuri kultebi (gansakuTrebiT

farTod _ dionisesi) da rwmena-warmodgenebi, rac dakrZalvis wesebSic

aisaxa _ magaliTad, samarxebSi monetis Cataneba qaronisaTvis

misacemad.

romauli xana

Zv. w. 65 wels romaelma mxedarTmTavarma pompeusma kavkasiaSi ilaSqra

da sxva qveynebTan erTad daimorCila iberia da kolxeTic. kolxeTi

imperiis provinciad iqca. zRvispira qalaqebSi (fasisi, dioskuria,

trapezunti, afsarosi) ax. w. IV saukunemde romauli garnizonebi idga.

iberiam SeinarCuna samefo xelisufleba. iberiis mefeebi miTridate I,

farsman I, farsman II metnaklebi warmatebiT icavdnen Tavs rogorc

romisagan, ise parTiisagan. ax. w. II saukunesa da III saukunis dasawyisSi

iberia Zlieri saxelmwifoa, romelic damoukidebel politikas

axorcielebs.

am periodSi aRiniSneba iberiis dedaqalaq mcxeTis Semdgomi

dawinaureba. ax. w. 75 wels romaelebis daxmarebiT gaamagres armazis

cixis galavani. maRali samSeneblo kulturis maCvenebelia kargad

Semonaxuli Tlili qvebiT nagebi kamarovani akldama. mcxeTaSi. napovni

berZnulwarweriani saflavis qva mowmobs, rom aq III-IV saukuneebSi

arsebobda xuroTmoZRvarTa da mxatvarTa ufrosis Tanamdeboba.


13

ax. w. II-III saukuneebiT daTariRebul nekropolze armazisxevSi, mcxeTis

maxloblad, aRmoCnda Tasi arameuli warweriT, parTuli oqros

monetebi da sxva. mravali amdroindeli samarxia samTavros

nekropolzec TviT mcxeTaSi. aq mopovebulia berZnul da ebrauli

epigrafikuli masala, monetebi, mravalricxovani samkauli, vercxlisa

da minis WurWeli da sxva.

romauli kulturis da cxovrebis wesis gavleniT saqarTvelos

qalaqebSi Cndeba wyalgayvanilobiT aRWurvili abanoebi (armazisxevi,

bagineTi, urbnisi, Zalisa, biWvinTa, SuxuTi. ukanasknel samSi

gamovlenilia mozaikuri iatakebis naSTebi).

adreuli Sua saukuneebi (IV-X saukuneebi)

saqarTveloSi Sua saukuneebis periodis dasawyisad miRebulia

qarTlis qristianobaze moqcevis weli _ 326 an 337. qristianobis

damkvidreba aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi ukavSirdeba wm. ninos,

romelmac moaqcia jer dedofali nana, Semdeg mefe miriani da mcxeTis

mTeli warmarTi mosaxleobac. dasavleT saqarTvelos zRvispira

qalaqebSi am dros ukve arsebobda didi qristianuli Temebi, magram

saxelmwifo religiad egrisis samefoSi is cota mogvianebiT

gamocxadda.

V-VI saukuneebSi saqarTveloSi Tavisi gavlenis dasamyareblad

ibrZodnen bizantiis imperia da sasaniduri irani. V saukunis II

naxevarSi qarTlis mefe vaxtang gorgasali warmatebiT umklavdeboda

Zlieri mezoblebis agresias. mis saxels ukavSirdeba qalaq Tbilisis

daarseba, romelic male qarTlis dedaqalaqi gaxda. manve daarsa

qarTlis sakaTalikoso, romlis safuZvelzec aRmocenda saqarTvelos

eklesiis avtokefalia.

627 wels qarTlze ilaSqra bizantiis imperatorma heraklem. `qarTlis

cxovrebis~ cnobiT, man aq ramdenime eklesia aaSena da maT Soris

awyuris kaTedralic. VII saukunis SuaxanebSi saqarTvelo arabebma

daipyres. IX saukuneSi tao-klarjeTSi (istoriuli samxreT-dasavleT

saqarTvelo, axla TurqeTSia) Camoyalibda Zlieri saxelmwifo,

romelsac saTaveSi bagrationTa samefo ojaxi edga. wm. grigol

xanZTelis TaosnobiT am mxareSi gaSlil did samonastro moZraobas

kulturis mZlavri ganviTareba mohyva. dasavleT saqarTvelo am

periodSi afxazTa samefos Seadgenda. 978 wels bagrat III orive

samefos mefe gaxda, riTac safuZvels Cauyara saqarTvelos

gaerTianebas. X saukunis II naxevarsa da XI saukunis dasawyisSi

aRiniSneba arqiteqturis, xelovnebis da mwignobrobis araCveulebrivi

aRmavloba.

adreul Sua saukuneebSi axlandeli borjomis raionis teritoriaze

ukve arsebobda Toris saerisTavo. IX saukunis SuaxanebSi aq

damkvidrda wm. grigol xanZTelis ori mowafe _ Teodore da

qristefore. maT mier ori monastris _ neZvisa da kvirikewmindis

daarsebas samonastro mSeneblobis didi talRa mohyva. IX saukunis

meore naxevarSi aigo savaneebi likanSi, CiTaxevTan (`mwvane monasteri~),

qvabisxevSi, dvirSi. X saukunisTvis am talRam taZris-sakires

seqtorsac miaRwia. am periodSia daarsebuli monastrebi sanarias

ReleSi, TviT sakireSi, taZrisis axlandel sasaflaoze da

gujrisxevSi. es ukanaskneli uSualod sanacreebis namosaxlaris


14

siaxloves mdebareobs. aqvea gujris cixec, romelic, rogorc Cans,

adgilobrivi mmarTvelis rezidencias warmoadgenda.

dazvervebis Sedegad sakire-taZrisis mimdebare teritoriebze

aRnusxulia adreuli Suasaukuneebis aTeulobiT namosaxlari,rac

cxadad metyvelebs mosaxleobis maRal simWidroveze.

ganviTarebuli Sua saukuneebi (XI-XV saukuneebi)

XI saukunis I naxevarSi mefeebi giorgi I da bagrat IV cdilobdnen

saqarTvelos sabolood gaerTianebas da bizantiis gavlenisgan Tavis

daRwevas. 1070-ian wlebSi qveynis ganviTarebis procesi Seaferxa Turq-

seljukTa Semosevam. magram daviT IV aRmaSeneblis mefobaSi (1089-1125)

saqarTvelo kvlav winsvlis gzaze dadga. daviTma SemoierTa kaxeTi,

romelic manamde calke samefos warmoadgenda da Tbilisi, romelic

TiTqmis 400 weli arabebs ekavaT. amiT dasrulda saqarTvelos

politikuri gaerTianeba. daviTma saqarTvelo regionis uZlieres

saxelmwifod aqcia da ramdenime brZolaSi daamarcxa Turq-seljukebi.

mis warmatebebs xeli Seuwyo jvarosanTa aqtivobamac axlo

aRmosavleTSi. saqarTvelo erTian Zlier saxelmwifod rCeboda

daviTis memkvidreebis drosac da Tavisi Zlierebis mwvervals miaRwia

Tamar mefis dros (1178-1213). Tamaris samefo moicavda TiTqmis mTel

samxreT kavkasias, xolo misi gavlena vrceldeboda CrdiloeT

kavkasiaSic da trapezuntis imperiaSic. 1235 wels saqarTvelo

monRolebma daipyres. amis Semdeg iwyeba saxelmwifo sistemis,

ekonomikisa da kulturis TandaTanobiTi degradacia. giorgi IV

brwyinvalesa (1314-1346) da aleqsandre I-is (1412-1442) calkeul

warmatebebs am procesis SeCereba ar SeeZlo. 1453 wels bizantiis

imperiis dacemis Semdeg qveyana mTlianad muslimuri saxelmwifoebiT

aRmoCnda garSemortymuli. XV saukunis II naxevarSi saqarTvelo

ramdenime samefod da samTavrod daiSala

gviani Sua saukuneebi (XVI-XVIII saukuneebi)

gviani Sua saukuneebi saqarTveloSi Rrma politikuri, ekonomikuri da

kulturuli krizisis periodia. samefo-samTavroebad daSlili qveyana

gareSe mtrebs ver umklavdeboda da xSirad xdeboda Semosevebis

msxverpli. XVI-XVIII saukuneebSi qarTli da kaxeTi ZiriTadad irans

eqvemdebareboda. dasavleT saqarTvelo osmaleTis gavlenis qveS iyo.

samxreT-dasavleT saqarTvelo (samcxe-saaTabago) Toris CaTvliT

osmaleTma 1570-ian wlebSi pirdapir miierTa. 1613 wels Tori qarTls

daubrunda. erekle II-s mier qarTlisa da kaxeTis gaerTianebas da

ramdenime warmatebul oms 1795 wels iranelTa gamanadgurebeli

Semoseva mohyva.

miuxedavad imisa, rom XVII-XVIII saukuneebSi Tori qarTlis farglebSi

darCa, misi mdgomareoba gansakuTrebiT mZime iyo. qarTlis mefeebi am

ganapira mxaris dacvas ver axerxebdnen. Tori sistematurad irbeoda.

gansakuTrebiT mZime iyo axalcixeSi dabudebuli lekebis TareSi.

mosaxleoba mniSvnelovnad SeTxelda. nawili mtrebTan brZolebSi

ganadgurda, sxvebi qarTlsa da imereTs Seexiznen. XVIII saukunis

bolos borjomis xeoba mTlianad daclili iyo, mcirericxovani

mosaxleoba mxolod mTebsa da viwro xeobebSi (maT Soris taZris-

sakires midamoebSi) darCa. milsadenis 201-e km-ze, taZrisTan


15

gamovlenili XVII-XVIII saukuneebis nasaxlaris nawili (ramiSvili,

mindoraSvili 2005).

axali dro (XIX-XX saukuneebi)

iranelTa 1795 wlis Semosevam qveyana katastrofis piras miiyvana. amiT

isargebla ruseTis imperiam da 1801 wels qarTl-kaxeTis samefo

daipyro. 1810 wels igive bedi ewia imereTis samefos da Semdeg guriis,

samegrelosa da afxazeTis samTavroebsac. 1828 wels osmaleTTan

mogebuli omis Semdeg ruseTma miierTa Tori da samcxe-javaxeTi, xolo

1878 wels _ aWara da SavSeT-klarjeTi. ruseTis gziT saqarTveloSi

Semovida evropuli kultura da cxovrebis wesi.

XIX saukuneSi daiwyo Toris xelaxla dasaxleba. mosaxleoba

gadmovida zemo imereTidan da qvemo qarTlidan. dasaxldnen aseve

berZnebi (cixisjvarSi), osebi (bakurianSi, mitarbSi), rusebi,

ukrainelebi. 1871 wels borjomis xeoba ruseTis didi mTavris mixeil

nikolozis Zis saufliswulo mamuli gaxda.

1918 wels, ruseTis revoluciebis Semdeg saqarTvelom damoukidebloba

moipova. 1921 wels bolSevikurma ruseTma isev daipyro saqarTvelo da

sabWoTa socialistur respublikad aqcia.

1991 wels kvlav aRdga saqarTvelos damoukidebloba.

3.2 warsulSi Catarebuli kvlevis mimoxilva

BTC/SCP milsadenebis mSeneblobis dawyebamde arqeologiuri gaTxriTi

samuSaoebi sakire-taZrisis midamoebSi ar Catarebula. am teritoriaze

mxolod sadazvevrvo samuSaoebi iwarmoebda me-20 saukunis 70-80-ian

wlebSi samcxe-javaxeTis arqeologiuri eqspediciis mier, romelmac

sxvadasxva periodisa da xasiaTis Zegli gamoavlina. maTgan arc erTi

ar moxvda sanacreebis nasaxlaris erTi kilometris radiusSi.

milsadenebis mSeneblobis procesSi moxda sami Zeglis identifikacia,

romlebic Zegl IV-338 erTi kilometris radiusSi mdebareobnen. yvela

maTgani Seuswavleli da gamouqveynebelia.

adgilis

saxelwodeba

milsadenis

km

Zeglis tipi TariRi

kurtaniZeebis

miwebi, sakire

198 namosaxlari ¿?

sanaxSireebi,

taZrisi

200 namosaxlari Sua saukuneebi

gigaswyaro,

taZrisi

200 namosaxlari Sua saukuneebi


16

4.0 meTodologia

4.1 savele meTodebi

pirobiTi nulovani wertili sakvlevi teritoriis gareT iqna aRebuli.

teritoria 10 m × 10 m zomis nakveTebad daiyo. nakveTebi Tavis mxriv

2 m × 2 m kvadratebad danawevrda. gegmaze 10 m × 10 m zomis nakveTebi

laTinuri anbanis didi asoTi da arabuli cifriT, mag AA/15 aRiniSna,

xolo 2 m × 2 m kvadrati laTinuri anbanis patara asoTi da arabuli

cifriT.

gaTxrebi mimdinareobda, rogorc xeliT aseve mZime teqnikis

daxmarebiT. Zeglze nayari miwisa da steriluri fenebis moxsna xeliT

moxerxda, xolo Txrilebi mZime teqnikis daxmarebiT gafarTovda.

sakvlevi teritoria horizontalurad, 0.2 m sisqis plastebis aRebiT

iTxreboda Zeglebis gamoCenamde.

ToToeuli gamovlenili Zegli dainomra, aizoma da Caixata. gakeTda

ubnis generaluri gegma da Zeglebis Wrilebi. moxda Zeglebisa da

artefaqtebis foto fiqsacia. masala aikrifa da dafiqsirda doneebis

mixedviT. mopovebuli masala savele pirobebSi SeifuTa da gaukeTda

etiketi. Tixis WurWlis usaxuri fragmentebi, romelic kvlevisaTvis

gamousadegari aRmoCnda, velze daimarxa specialurad amoTxril

ormoSi. danarCeni artefaqti wamoRebuli iqna laboratoriuli

damuSavebisaTvis.

anTopologiuri kvlevisTvis mxolod Tavis qalebi Segrovda. danarCeni

Zvlovani masala ki xelaxla iqna damarxuli milsadenebis koridors

gareT specialurad amoTxril ormoSi.

4.2 laboratoriuli meTodebi

artefaqtebi dajgufda masalisa da aRmoCenis adgilis mixedviT. Tixis

artefaqtebi funjiT gaiwminda da gairecxa marilmJavas xsnariT

gazavebul wyalSi. ris Semdegadac Catarda maTi stilisturi da

tipologiuri analizi.

yvela artefaqti dainomra, aRiwera da gatarda katalogSi, gaukeTda

etiketi da moTavsda polieTilenis parkSi.

daxarisxda cifruli fotoebi.

Catarda paleoanTropologiuri kvleva, romlis meTodebi da Sedegebi

aRwerilia darTul interdisciplinarul angariSSi.

savele da laboratoriul samuSaoebTan dakavSirebuli dokumentaciis

eleqtronuli da nabeWdi versiebi inaxeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifo

muzeumis oTar lorTqifanZis arqeologiis centris sacavSi.


17

5.0 Sedegebi

5.1 ZiriTadi monacemebis mokle mimoxilva

sakvlevi teritoria gujris cixis (sakiris cixe) samxreT-aRmosavleT

ferdobis ZirTan mdebareobda. 32 m2-is farTobze Seswavlili iqna 3.0-3.5

m sisqis kulturuli fenebi.

gaTxrebis Sedegad gamovlinda namosaxlari, elinisturi xanis ori

samarxi, adreuli Sua saukuneebis marani oTxi qvevriT da sameurneo

ormo, agreTve sxvadasxvadroindeli kedlebis naSTebi.

mopovebulia 97 artefaqti: 4 qvevri, Tixis WurWlis 81 fragmenti, 2 qvis

artefaqti (xelsafqvavis natexi da mZivi), brinjaos 2 nakeToba,

miniseburi pastis 37 cali mZivi, 2 samSeneblo detali baTqaSis saxiT.

anTropologiuri masala ori Tavis qaliT, paleozoologiuri

Zvlovani masala ki xuTi erTeuliTaa warmodgenili.

kvlevis Sedegad dadginda, rom Zegli aris gvianbrinjao-

adreSuasaukuneebis mravalfeniani namosaxlari da samarovani.

zeda, I kulturuli fena ganekuTvneba adreuli Sua saukuneebis

namosaxlars. masSi nulovani wertilidan 9.4-9.6 m.-is siRrmeze, E5 nakveTis b4-5, c5 da d4 kvadratebSi dadasturda oTxi qvevri. isini miwaSi

Cadgmuli yofila erT mwkrivad aRmosavleTidan dasavleTis

mimarTulebiT. amave doneze, E5c2 kvadratSi, aRmoCnda gazsadenis

mSeneblobis dros dazianebuli ormo, romelic Sevsebuli iyo qvebiTa

da miwiT. ormoSi mcire raodenobiT aRmoCnda keramikis natexebi,

ZiriTadad Savzedapiriani Tixis WurWlis fragmentebi. a3,4; b3,4,5 da c3 kvadratebSi gamovlinda usistemo qvayrilis naSTi yrilSi aRmoCnda

Tixis WurWlis fragmentebi.

I kulturul fenas mosdevs 0.8-1.0 m. sisqis steriluri qviSnari fena,

romlis qveSac dafiqsirda II kulturuli fena ori samSeneblo doniT.

II kulturuli fenis pirvel samSeneblo doneze, nulovani wertilidan

10.5 m siRrmeze, Txrilis aRmosavleT kuTxeSi gaiwminda didi qvebiT

naSeni kedlis naSTi (d2,3kvadrati), romelic Sedioda Txrilis samxreT

WrilSi. misi gaTxra da Seswavla ver moxerxda drois simciris gamo.

II kulturuli fenis samSeneblo doneebi erTimeorisagan gamoiyofa

damwvari, naxSir-nacrovani da RorRiani, 1.3m sisqis feniT. fenaSi

gvxvdeba Tixis WurWlis usaxuri natexebi da paleozoologiuri

naSTebi.

II kulturuli fenis II samSeneblo doneze nulovani wertilidan 11.8m

siRrmeze, E5 nakveTis b3; c2,3 da d2 kvadratebSi aRmoCnda kedlebis naSTi,

romelic saSualo zomis qvebis mSrali wyobiTaa naSeni. kedlebis

fragmentulobis gamo maTi daniSnuleba gaurkveveli darCa.

II done CaWrilia elinisturi xanis ori samarxiT. erT-erTi maTgani (#1

ormosmarxi) gazis milis Casadebi Txrilis gaWris dros iqna

dazianebuli. ormosmarxebi nulovani wertilidan 11.10-11.20 m. siRrmeze

mdebareobda.


18

5.2 Zeglebi

pirvel kulturul fenaSi gaiwminda marnis naSTi oTxi qvevriT. isini

nulovani wertilidan 9.4-9.5 m. siRrmeze aRmoCnda E5 nakveTis b5; c5 da d4 kvadratebSi. qvevrebi TiTqmis erT mwkrivad yofila Calagebuli

miwaSi aRmosavleTidan dasavleTis mimarTulebiT xuTi metris

sigrZeze. qvevrebis kompaqturad erT adgilze gamovlena

gvafiqrebinebs, rom SesaZloa aq saqme gvqondes maranTan. qvevrebSi

aRmoCnda 14 Tixis WurWlis 45 sxvadasxva natexi da Sinauri cxovelis

Zvlebis xuTi fragmenti.

pirvel fenaSi, E5 nakveTis C2 kvadratSi, nulovani wertilidan 9.4-9.5 m.

siRrmeze gaiwminda sameurneo daniSnulebis ormo. ormos naxevari

CamoWrilia teqnikis mier gazsadeni milis Txrilis gaWris dros.

ormos zomebia: h=1.1 m., piris d=1.0 m., Ziris d=0.5m. ormo amovsebuli iyo

qvebiTa da miwiT, romelSic gamoirCa Tixis sami WurWlis Svidi natexi

(#8, #10, #11).

meore kulturuli fena warmodgenilia ori samSeneblo doniT.

II kulturuli fenis I doneze aRmoCnda yore-kedlis naSTi Txrilis

aRmosavleT kuTxeSi E5 nakveTis d2,3,4 kvadratebSi nulovani

wertilidan 10.5 m. siRrmeze. kedeli naSenebi yofila didi zomis

qvebiT, mSrali wyobiT. SemorCenilia wyobis sam-oTxi rigi (zomebi:

simaRle _ 0.8 m., sigane _ 0.5 m). kedelTan aRmoCnda cecxlSi

moxvedrili, damwvari (TeTri feris) sardionis sferuli mZivi (#97)

meore kulturuli fenis II doneze. Txrilis aRmosavleT kuTxeSi,

sadac aRmoCnda #1 da #2 samarxebi, SemorCenilia saSualo da mcire

zomis qvebiT nagebi kedlis mcire fragmenti _ wyobis erTi rigi

(zomebi: sigrZe _ 1.5 m., sigane _ 0.45 m). kedeli mdebareobda E5 nakveTis d2 da c2,3 kvadratebSi nulovani wertilidan 11.5 m siRrmeze.

Txrilis dasavleT monakveTSi b3 kvadratSi nulovani wertilidan 11.8

m. siRrmeze dafiqsirda meore kedlis naSTi, romelsac naxevarwriuli

forma hqonda. kedeli naSeni yofila mSrali wyobiT, didroni

daumuSavebli lodebiT. SemorCenilia qvebis wyobis ori rigi (zomebi:

sigrZe _ 0.8 m., sigane _ 0.5 m). kedlis naSTebis funqcia da daniSnuleba

gaurkveveli darCa gaTxrili farTobis simciris gamo.

Zeglze dafiqsirda ori ormosamarxi, romlebic CaWrilia meore

kulturuli fenis II samSeneblo horizontSi. orive samarxi

damxrobilia aRmosavleTidan dasavleTisken. samarxebSi

micvalebulebi xelfexmoxril mdgomareobaSi arian dakrZalulni,

erTi marjvena gverdze, meore ki zurgze. samarxeuli inventari

mxolod #2 samarxSi aris dadasturebuli. aq aRmoCnda:

1. brinjaos sayure rgolebi � 2 cali (#61, #62).

2. miniseburi pastis mZivebi � 37 cali (#63).

3. Tixis xelada (#64) (tab. IV).


19

5.3 artefaqtebi

nasoflar sanacreebze Catarebuli gadarCeniTi gaTxrebis dros

Zeglze (IV-338) sul mopovebulia 97 erTeuli artefaqti: qvevri _ 4,

Tixis WurWlis fragmenti _ 81, qva � ori cali (xelsafqvavis natexi da

mZivi), brinjaos nakeToba � ori erTeuli, miniseburi pastis mZivebi �

37 cali; samSeneblo detalebi baTqaSis saxiT � ori cali;

anTropologiuri masala ori Tavis qaliT, paleozoologiuri

Zvlovani masala ki xuTi erTeuliTaa warmodgenili.

Zeglze mopovebuli artefaqtebis didi nawili keramikul nawarms

warmoadgens. restavraciis Semdeg moxerxda maTi sxvadasxva tipebad

dajgufeba. artefaqtebi ganxilulia kulturuli fenebisa da doneebis

mixedviT.

II kulturuli fenis I samSeneblo done ganekuTvneba Zv. w. VI-V

saukuneebs. am fenaSi dadasturebulia Semdegi tipis Tixis nawarmi:

qoTnebi (#27, #29(2), #82) _ pir-yelis natexebis mixedviT gamoiyo oTxi

qoTani (tab. V, 82), yvela sada, moSavo-moruxo zedapiriT; aqvT dabali

yeli, gadaSlili piri da momrgvalebuli gvirgvini. damzadebulia

sameTuneo Carxze. qoTnebi aRmoCnda kulturul fenaSi. gamoiyeneboda

sayofacxovrebo saqmianobaSi. TariRdeba Zv. w. VI-V saukuneebiT.

sardionis(?) mZivi (#97) � sada, sferuli formis, cecxlSi moxvedris

gamo TeTri feri aqvs miRebuli (tab. V, 97). Ddamzadebulia xeliT,

gaxexva-gaprialebiT. aRmoCnda I samSeneblo horizontSi arsebul yore-

kedlis naSTTan A3 kvadratSi. gamoiyeneboda samkaulad. TariRdeba Zv.

w. VI-V saukuneebiT.

jamebi (#26, #28 _ ori cali, #34, #40, #41, #49) � qveda samSeneblo

doneze aRmoCenilia Svidi jamis fragmenti (tab. V, 26). jamebi erTi

meorisagan gansxvavdeba formebis mixedviT. gamoiyofa naxevarsferuli

(#28, #40), tuCiani (#26, #41) da gverdwiboiani jamebi (#49).

fragmentebi sadaa, moSavo-moyavisfro da Ria movardisfro zeda da

SidapiriT. yvela maTgani damzadebulia Carxze. jamebis fragmentebi

aRmoCnda kulturul fenaSi da #2 samarxis SevsebaSi. TariRdeba Zv. w.

VI-V saukuneebiT.

kviristavebi (#48 da #51) �AaRmoCnda ori cali (tab. V, 48). isini

damzadebulia Tixis WurWlis natexebisagan. orive sadaa, erTi

gaxvretilia SuaSi. meore namzads warmoadgens. erTi Savia, meore �

mowiTalo-movardisfro. aRmoCnda Txrilis dasavleT monakveTSi,

wriuli yore-kedlis gareT dedaqanis zedapirze. gamoiyeneboda,

rogorc sameurneo, aseve saritualo daniSnulebiT. kviristavi

aRmoCenilia Zv. w. VI-V saukuneebiT daTariRebul fenaSi. saerTod,

msgavsi kviristavebi adreul Sua saukuneebSic farTod aris

gavrcelebuli

xelsafqvavi _ misi natexi aRmoCnda wriuli kedlis SigniT.

damzadebulia bazaltis qvisgan. gamoiyeneboda sameurneo saqmianobaSi

marcvleulisa da mcenareuli Tesleulis dasafqvavad. miekuTvneba

adreantikur xanas.

II kulturuli fenis meore samSeneblo done ganekuTvneba Zv. w. III-I

saukuneebs. masSi gamovlinda:

xelada #64 _ am tipis WurWeli erTi caliTaa warmodgenili (tab. VI,

64). xasiaTdeba sada, Savi naprialebi zedapiriTa da SidapiriT. yuri


20

miZerwili aqvs pirze da mxarze. xelada msxliseburi formisaa,

damzadebulia Carxze. aRmoCnda #2 ormosamarxSi. TariRdeba Zv. w. III-I

saukuneebiT.

mZivebi #63 � moTeTro feris miniseburi pastisa, 37 cali,

mrgvalbrtyeli formisa (tab. VI, 63). aRmoCnda #2 samarxSi. TariRdeba

Zv. w. III-I saukuneebiT.

sayure #61 _ brinjaosi, ori cali (tab. VI, 61). Tavebgaxsnili, sada,

mrgvalganikveTiani brinjaos Rerosagan damzadebuli, aRmoCnda #2

samarxSi. TariRdeba Zv. w. III-I saukuneebiT.

I kulturuli fena ganekuTvneba ax. w. V-VII saukuneebs. masSi

dadasturda oTxi qvevri da masSi sxvadasxva tipis Tixis WurWlis

fragmentebi.

qvevrebi ##1; 2; 3; 4; _ pirvel fenaSi, romelic, savaraudod, marnis

naSTs warmoadgens, aRmoCnda oTxi qvevri (tab. VII, 2). yvela maTganis

zedapiri, mxrebidan Ziramde, Semkulia Tokiseburi, reliefuri

sartylebiT. erTs mxarze Semosdevs Tokiseburive reliefis meandri.

qvevrebi kvercxiseburi formisaa, pirebi gadaSlilia, gvirgvinebi ki �

brtyeli. zedapiri moruxo-moSavo ferisaa, Sidapiri � monacrisfro.

qvevrebi damzadebulia rkalebad aSenebis xerxiT. isini aRmoCnda

Txrilis samxreT monakveTSi aRmosavleTidan dasavleTiT erT rigad

Camwkrivebuli. gamoiyeneboda Rvinis Sesanaxad. qvevrebi ganekuTvneba ax.

w. V-VII saukuneebs.

qoTnebi (#7(3), #8, #18(2), #23, #58, #65, #71) _ pirvel kulturul

fenaSi da qvevrebis SevsebaSi napovnia 10 qoTnis fragmentebi (tab. VIII,

65). qoTnebi sada zedapiriania, yvela maTgans zedapirze etyoba

Carxiseuli koncentruli xazebi. aqvT dabali yeli, farTo da

gadaSlili piri, momrgvalebuli (iSviaTad dawaxnagebuli) gvirgvini

moruxo-moSavo zedapiri da Sidapiri. qoTnebi damzadebulia sameTuneo

Carxze. WurWlis es saxeoba, gansakuTrebiT ki mcire zomis qoTnebi,

gamoiyeneboda samzareulo saqmianobaSi. qoTnebi ganekuTvneba ax. w. V-

VII saukuneebs.

luTeria (#72) � pirvel fenaSi warmodgenilia erTi erTeuliT � pir-

gverdis fragmentiT (tab. VIII, 72). sada zedapiriania, piri Sedrekilia

Sida mxareze, gvirgvini � momrgvalebuli. damzadebulia Carxze.

luTeriis natexi aRmoCnda #3 qvevris SevsebaSi. gamoiyeneboda

sayofacxovrebo saqmianobaSi. ganekuTvneba ax. w. V-VII saukuneebs.

dergi (#10) _ am tipis WurWlis pir-yelis mxolod erTi natexia

aRmoCenili zeda, pirvel kulturul fenaSi (tab. VIII, 10). xasiaTdeba

sada zedapiriT, gadaSlili piriT, mrgvali bakoTi, mowiTalo-

movardisfro zeda da SidapiriT. damzadebulia sameTuneo Carxze.

aRmoCnda #1 ormos fskerze. dergebi gamoiyeneboda sameurneo

saqmianobaSi. ganekuTvneba ax. w V-VII saukuneebs.

jamebi (##20; 79) � ori calia aRmoCenili pir-gverdebis saxiT. erT-

erTi jamis piris gareTa kide Semkulia naWdevebiT (#20). orive

pirmoyrilia, erTi brtyelbakoiania, meores ki momrgvalebuli

gvirgvini aqvs. orive jami moyavisfro-mowiTalo zedapiriania.

damzadebulia sameTuneo Carxze. jamebi gamoiyeneboda samzareulo

saqmianobaSi. GganekuTvneba ax. w. V-VII saukuneebs.


21

namosaxlarze SemTxveviT dadasturda Tixis WurWlis erTi natexi

(#57) (tab. V, 57). natexi yavisfrad aris gamomwvari. zedapiri Semkulia

wiwvovani ornamentiT. msgavsi Tixis WurWeli damaxasiaTebelia

gvianbrinjao-adrerkinis xanis gviani etapis masalebisaTvis. msgavsi

ornamentaciiT Semkuli masalebi aRmoCenilia borniReles samarovanze

(borjomis r-ni) da TariRdeba Zv. w. VIII-VII saukuneebiT.

6.0 interpretacia

kvlevis Sedegad dadginda, rom rom gvianibrinjaos xanidan

moyolebuli sanacreebis teritoriaze sistematuri cxovreba

mimdinareobda. gamovlinda gvianbrinjao-adreSuasaukuneebis

mravalfeniani namosaxlari da samarovani. Zeglis I fena (oTxi qvevri

da sameurneo ormo) ganekuTvneba adreuli Sua saukuneebis

namosaxlars. II fena ori samSeneblo donisagan Sedgeba: erTi moicavs

elinisturi xanis or samarxs, meoreSi ki dadasturda ufro adreuli

etapis namosaxlaris naSTebi, romlebic samarxebis gamarTvis Sedegad

aris dazianebuli.

rogorc Zeglis stratigrafia mowobs, elinisturi xanis samarxebi

gamarTuli unda yofiliyo ukve ganadgurebuli gvianbrinjaos xanis

namosaxlaris adgilze, xolo adreuli Sua saukuneebis fena Cndeba mas

mere, rac elinisturi xanis fenas 2,30 m sisqis steriluri fena edeba.

adreuli Sua saukuneebis nasaxlarTa iatakis qveS aRmoCnda

gvianantikuri xanis naSTebi � ormosamarxebSi xel-fexmokecili da

gverdze mwolare ConCxebi. maT Soris, qveda fenebSi, zogi nivTieri

monapovari (doqebi, dabaltaniani, calyura, Zirbrtyeli, an

kanelurebiani Savi koWobebi), gansakuTrebiT samarxeuli inventari

elinisturi xanisa Cans, umetesoba � gvianantikuri xanisaa.

aRsaniSnavia, rom sakires SemogarenSi elinisturi periodis Zeglebi

aqamde ar iyo mikvleuli. samcxe-javaxeTsa da TorSi elinisturi

Zeglebi gamovlenilia sof. tabawyurSi qciis mindvris namosaxlarze

(samarxi #1), awyurSi, borniRelesa da wnisisxevis samarovnebze.

(Гамбашидзе 1985), (kviJinaZe 1983).

sanacreebis adreuli Sua saukuneebis namosaxlari erTiani kompleqsis

periferiuli nawilia. sakirisa da taZrisis midamoebSi mravladaa

dadasturebuli adreuli Sua saukuneebis namosaxlarebi, romelnic

ZiriTadad lokalizdeba gujris (sakires) cixis mimdebare

teritoriaze. es aris tipiuri cixe-rezidencia qveynis mmarTvelisa,

romelic am erTeulis centrSi zis da yvela mimarTulebiT

akontrolebs gamaval gza-bilikebs. cixeSive dgas adreuli Sua

saukuneebis brtyelsaakurTxevliani eklesia (berZeniSvili 2005),

(berZeniSvili 1964). cixis irgvliv Semokrebilia adrefeodaluri xanis

nasoflarTa didi jgufi.

rogorc Cans, sanacreebis namosaxlari am erTiani sistemis nawili

unda iyos, rasac adasturebs am periodisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli

keramikuli masalebis mravlad aRmoCena. Tixatkepnil iatakSi Cadgmuli

didroni qvevrebi irgvlivi rkalebiT anu naTiTurWdeuli wiboebiT

aris Semkuli. WurWelTa forma da gamowvis wesi adreuli Sua

saukuneebis teqnologiaze miuTiTebs. qvevrebis da dergebis umetesoba


22

uyeloa, Tumca brtyeli bako gadaweulia, rac maT adreulobas

mowmobs.

adreuli Sua saukuneebis Zeglebi ZiriTadad aRmosavleT saqarTvelos

teritoriazea gamovlenili da Seswavlili. maT Soris gamoirCeva

urbnisi (WilaSvili 1964), Jinvali (CixlaZe 1999), ujarma (musxeliSvili

1966), rusTavi (WilaSvili 1958). Toris ZeglTagan amave periods

ganekuTvneba kuruxeTis nasoflari sof. WobisxevSi, gogiCaanT-Rele,

mandias namosaxlari sof. CiTaxevTan, CiTaxevis nasoflari da sxva.

sagangebod aris aRsaniSnavi navenaxaris namosaxlari sof. kldeSi. Tu

gaviTvaliswinebT sanacreebisa da navenaxaris namosaxlarebis adreuli

Sua saukuneebis masalebis identurobas, unda davaskvnaT, rom es

Zeglebi erTmaneTis Tanadroulia. ganviTarebul Sua saukuneebSi sakire mimdebare soflebTan erTad,

kiris gamowvis mniSvnelovani centri Cans, ramac gansazRvra kidec

adgilis saxelwodeba. am saqmianobas soflis mosaxleoba, Cans,

saukuneTa manZilze misdevda, radgan irgvliv mravali sakirea. rogorc

saarqivo masalebi mowmobs, aq sanaxSireebic iyo. safiqrelia, rom am

dargebis ganviTareba TorSi didad gamosadegi iyo mezobeli

regionebisTvisac: javaxeTs, samcxesa da, egeb, Sida qarTlsac kirsa da

naxSirs Tori awvdida. sofel sakireSi bolo dromde imden kirs

wvavdnen, rom axalcixesac amaragebdnen.

7.0 daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi

arqeologiuri gaTxrebis Sedegad dadginda, rom sanacreebis

namosaxlaris qveda fenebi win uswrebs istoriul wyaroebSi

dadasturebul Toris qveynis Camoyalibebis periods. aSkaraa, rom

brinjaos xanidan moyolebuli sakire da misi mimdebare teritoria

mniSvnelovan rols asrulebda am mxaris struqturis CamoyalibebaSi,

rac mogvianebiT Toreleb-samZvarTa sarezidencio centrad gardaqmniT

damTavrda.

sanacreebis namosaxlari gujris cixis periferiuli nawilia, amdenad

Zalzed mniSvnelovani iqneba imis garkveva � TviT gujriscixis

teritoriaze fiqsirdeba Tu ara gvianbrinjaosa da elinisturi xanis

Zeglebi da ra funqcias asrulebda es teritoria im periodSi.

8.0 bibliografia

wyaroebi

1. aTonis iveriis monastris 1074 wlis xelnaweri aRapebiT, 1901, Tb.,

gv. 285-286

2. basili ezosmoZRuari, 1959, cxovreba mefeT-mefisa Tamarisi, q. c.,

II, Tb., gv. 115, 129, 143, 150

3. batoniSvili vaxuSti, 1973, aRwera samefosa saqarTvelosa:

aRwera awindelisa qarTlisa � sadgeris xeoba, q. c., IV-, Tb., gv.

346-382. misive, cxoreba da qmnuleba mefeTa qarTlisaiTa, iqve, gv.

440


23

4. beri egnataSvili, 1959, axali qarTlis cxovreba, pirveli teqsti,

q. c., II, Tb., gv. 349

5. �gurjistanis vilaieTis didi davTari�, 1958, s. jiqias gamoc., III,

Tb. gv. 127-131, 152, 239, 459, 539

6. �istoriani da azmani SaravandeTTani�, 1959, q. c., II, Tb., gv. 16, 13,

19, 65, 114, 170

7. leonti mroveli, 1955, cxovreba qarTuelTa mefeTasa da

pirvelTaganTa mamaTa da naTesavTa: cxovreba farnavazisi; q. c.,

I, Tb., gv. 9-10, 24

8. �matiane qarTlisaÁ�, 1955, q. c., I, Tb., gv. 306

9. papuna orbeliani, 1981 ambavni qarTlisani; el. cagareiSvilis

gamoc., Tb., gv. 95, 133, 245

10. �JamTaaRmwereli�, 1959, q. c., II, Tb., gv. 151, 2297, 325

11. strabonis �geografia�, 1957, T. yauxCiSvilis gamoc., Tb., gv. 125-127

12. �Cildiris vilaÁeTis jaba davTari�, 1979, c. abulaZisa da m.

svaniZis gamoc., Tb., gv. 81

13. Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, 1964, I, Tb.,

gv. 279

14. juanSeri, 1955, cxovreba vaxtang gorgasalisa, q. c., I, Tb., gv. 203-

205

15. qronikebi, 1892, T. Jordanias gamoc., I, Tb., gv. 207

16. Грамоты и др. ист. документы � под. ред. А. А. Цагарели; вып. I, Спб, стр. 27-30 saenciklopedio statiebi

17. st.: �borjomi�, 1977, avt. g. uSveriZe, n. cercvaZe, e. bagrationi,

qse, 2, Tb., gv. 478

st.: �borjomis raioni�, iqve, gv. 479-480, avt. k. mamisaSvili, J.

zonenaSvili, iqve

st.: �borjomis xeoba�, avt. q. jayeli, v. abulaZe, iqve, gv. 480

18. st.: �Torelebi�, 1979, avt. n. SoSiaSvili, qse, 4, Tb., gv. 693-694;

st.: �Tori�, avt. d. berZeniSvili, iqve, gv. 694

19. st.: �sakire�, 1984, qse, 8, Tb., gv. 674

20. st.: �taZrisi�, 1985, qse, 9, Tb., gv. 671

monografia/statiebi

21. beriZe v., 1970, samcxis xuroTmoZRvruli Zeglebi, Tb.

22. berZeniSvili d., 1985, narkvevebi saqarTvelos istoriuli

geografiidan, - Tori, Tb., gv. 7-69: �sakire� � gv. 8, 12, 24-26, 43, 57,

60; �taZrisi� � gv. 15, 17, 25-26, 40-43

23. berZeniSvili d., 2005, narkvevebi, Tb.,

24. berZeniSvili n., 1964, borjomis xeoba (dRiuri, 1947), saq. ist.

sakiTxebi, I, Tb., gv. 69, 207-271: �sakire� � gv. 214, 217, 249, 252, 254-

256, 260; �taZrisi� �gv. 223, 256, 262


24

25. doliZe is. � qarTuli samarTlis Zeglebi, I, Tb., 1963; III, Tb.,

1970, gv. 244

26. zaqaraia p., 1988, saqarTvelos Zveli cixe-simagreebi, Tb.,

27. lomTaTiZe g., 1973, �nadarbazevi�, saq. ist. narkvevebi, II, Tb., gv. 57

28. Kk. kviJinaZe, 1983, `wnisisxevis adreantikuri xanis samarovani �,

`Zeglis megobari� #63 Tbilisi w.

29. liCeli v., 1999, samcxis warmarTuli qalaqebi (sosangeTi=awyuri);

qalaqebi da saqalaqo cxovreba Zvel saqarTveloSi, I samecniero

konferencia, moxsenebaTa mokle Sinaarsebi, Tb., gv. 12-14

30. makalaTia s., 1957, borjomis xeoba, istoriul-eTnografiuli

narkvevebi, Tb.,

31. mefisaSvili r., 1963, grigol xanZTelis mowafeebis saaRmSeneblo

moRvaweoba qarTlSi, saq. ssr mecn. akademiis sazogadoebriv

mecnierebaTa ganyofilebis �moambe�, Tb., IV, gv. 237-240

32. musxeliSvili d., 1966, cixe-qalaqi ujarma, Tb.

33. musxeliSvili l. 1941, arqeologiuri eqskursiebi, Tb., gv. 60-71

34. RambaSiZe ir., 1999� samcxe Zv. w. II aTaswleulis SuaxanebSi

(borjomis xeobis arqeologiuri masalebis mixedviT) �

sadisertacio anSromi, Tb.

35. RambaSiZe o., 1968, gvianbrinjaos xanis meurneobis sakiTxisaTvis

borjomis xeobaSi, muS. gegma da moxsenebaTa Tezisebi, Tb.,

36. RambaSiZe o., 1975� rvelis samarovani, Jurn. �Zeglis megobari�,

#39, Tb.

37. RambaSiZe o., tatiSvili T., 1982, masalebi Toris winafeodaluri

xanis istoriuli geografiisTvis; saqarTvelos istoriuli

geografiis krebuli, t. VI, Tb.

38. RambaSiZe o., RambaSiZe ir., 1987, axali arqeologiuri masalebi

samcxe-javaxeTidan, Jurn. �Zeglis megobari�, #4, Tb.

39. yifSiZe n.. 1954, borjomis xeoba, Tb.

40. SoSiaSvili n., 1966, TorelTa feodaluri saxlis istoria da

SoTa rusTaveli; kr.: SoTa rusTaveli, Tb.

41. Citaia g., 1926, glexis saxli qvablianis xeobaSi, �mimomxilveli�,

I

42. Ciqovani T., 1967, amierkavkasiis xalxur sacxovrebel nagebobaTa

istoriidan, Tb.

43. CixlaZe v., 1999, aragvis xeoba ax. w. I aTaswleulis pirvel

naxevarSi (Jinvalis samarovnis masalebis mixedviT), sakandidato

disertacia, Tb.

44. WilaSvili l., 1958, qalaqi rusTavi, Tb.,

45. WilaSvili l., 1964, naqalaqari urbnisi, Tb.

46. WilaSvili l., 1968, qalaqebi feodalur saqarTveloSi, I-II, Tb.,

1970

47. xujaZe g., 1969, borjomis xeoba, Tb.

48. Беридзе В., 1967, Архитектура Грузии, Тб.

49. Мелитаури К., 1972, Крепости феодальной и раннефеодальной Грузии, II 50. Сумбадзе Л. З., 1960, Грузинские «Дарбази», Тб., Его же, 1964, «Дарбази»,

древнейший тип Грузинского народного жилища и его место в истории

архитектуры, Тб.


25

51. Чихладзе С. С., 1961� Минеральные воды; кн.: Природные ресурсы Грузии, т.

3, М.

savele arqeologiuri kvleva-Ziebis angariSebi [ПАИ в Грузии]

52. RambaSiZe ir., gogoWuri g., 2004, kodianis yorRani; borjomis

raionis arqeologiuri eqspediciis mier 2004 wlis gaTxrebis

angariSi, Tb., gv. 27-38

53. RambaSiZe ir., mindiaSvili g., gogoWuri g., liCeli v. � ix.: samcxe-

javaxeTsa da TorSi (borjomis raioni) = 2002-2005 wlebSi

Catarebuli savele-arqeologiuri samuSaoebis ZiriTadi Sedegebi

(gamoqveynda arqeologiuri kvlevis centris specialur

krebulSi)

54. Гамбашидзе О. С. � в соавторстве с Артилаква В., Квижинадзе К. Д.; Насидзе Г.

и Гамбашидзе И. О. -см.: Итоги всех работ Месхет-Джавахетской

археологической экспедиции � опубликованных в ПАИ в 1972-1992 годах 55. Квижинадзе К. Д. � Итоги работ Цнисисхевского отряда Месхет-Джавахетской

экспедиции, ПАИ в 1983 году, стр. 27-29 56. Насидзе Г. М. � Отчëт о работе Тор-Ликанской экспедиции, ПАИ в 1988 году,

стр. 89-91 57. И.О.Гамбашидзе, 1987, �Месхет − Джавахетской Экспедиция в 1984 году�,

ПАИ в 1984-1985 гг. Тбилиси 58. О.С.Гамбашидзе, К. Квижинадзе , И.О.Гамбашидзе, 1991, �Онвные результаты

Месхет − Джавахетской Экспедиции в 1985-1986гг � - ПАИ в 1986 г. - Тбилиси 59. О.С.Гамбашидзе, К. Квижинадзе, 1981, �Работы Месхет−Джавахетской

Экспедиций � � ПАИ в 1978 г.- Тбилиси 60. О.С.Гамбашидзе, К. Квижинадзе О. Ткешелашвили, В. Личели, 1984,

�Месхет−Джавахетской Экспедиця � � ПАИ в 1981 г. Тбилиси;

О.С.Гамбашидзе, К. Квижинадзе, М.Абрамишвили, 1985, �Отчёт работ Месхет

− Джавахетской Экспедиции� - ПАИ в 1982 г. Тбилиси 61. К.Д Квижинадзе, 1986, �Работы Цнисисвского отряда Месхет − Джавахетской

Экспедиции�, ПАИ в 1983 г. Тбилиси 62. К.Д Квижинадзе, 1987, �Работы Цнисисвского отряда Месхет − Джавахетской

Экспедиции� -- ПАИ в 1984-1985 гг. Тбилиси

Aartefaqtebis nusxa


26

artefaqtis nomeri

aRmoCenis adgili

siRrme

Mmas

ala

funqci

a

Fsa

xe

ob

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segme

nti

Dmaxa

siaT

ebel

i

(fer

i/kec

i)

Dmaxa

siaT

ebel

i

(for

ma)

Dmaxas

iaTebe

li

(zedap

iris

damuS

aveba/

dekor

i)

Qraodenoba

k

o

m

e

n

t

a

r

i

DTari

Ri

1 namosa

xlari

E5 b4,5

-9.4 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qvev

ri

pir-

yeli,

gverdi,

Ziri

morux

o-

moSav

od

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

, Ziri

mrgva

li

da

brtye

li

Tokiseb

uri

ornamen

tiT da

rkalebi

T

Semkuli

24 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

2 E5 c5 -9.4 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qvev

ri

pir-

yeli,

gverdi,

Ziri

moSav

o-

mowiT

alod

gamom

wvari

piri

gadmo

kecil

i,

gverd

i

gamob

eril

i

Tokiseb

uri

ornamen

tiT

Semkuli

225 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

3 E5 d3 -9.4 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qvev

ri

pir-

yeli,

gverdi,

Ziri

morux

o-

Savad

gamom

wvari

piri

gadmo

kecil

i,

muce

li

gamob

eril

i,

Ziri

brtye

li

Tokiseb

uri

ornamen

tiT da

rkalebi

T

Semkuli

160 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

4 E5 c5 -9.4 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qvev

ri

gverdi,

Ziri

morux

o-

Savad

gamom

wvari

muce

li

gamob

eril

i,

Ziri

brtye

li

Tokiseb

uri

ornamen

tiT da

rkalebi

T

Semkuli

160 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

5 namosa

xlari

E5 c5

-9.4 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qvev

ri

gverdi mowiT

alod

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

Tokiseb

uri

ornamen

tiT

Semkuli

36 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

6 namosa

xlari

E5 c5

-9.4 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

Wur

Wel

i

piri,

gverdi,

Ziri

Savad,

moyavi

sfro

d

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

, Ziri

brtye

li

sada 20 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

7 namosa

xlari,

qvayri

li

E5 b5

-9.4 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

qoT

ani

piri,

yuri,

gverdi,

Ziri

Sava-

lega

d

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

, Ziri

brtye

li

sada 19 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

8 namosa

xlari,

ormo

E5 c5

-9.4 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi mowiT

alod

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

Tokiseb

uri

ornamen

tiT

Semkuli

5 adre

Suasauk

uneebi


27

9 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 c2

-9.4 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi Sava-

lega

d

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 6 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

10 ormos

fskeri

E5 c2

-9.4 kera

mika

sameurne

o

der

gi

pir-

yeli

moCal

isfr

od

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

,

yeli

Sezne

qili

sada 1 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

11 ormos

fskeri

E5 c2

-9.4 kera

mika

sufris Wur

Wel

i

gverdi

mowiT

alod

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 1 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

12 #2 da

4

qvevreb

Tan

E5 c5

-9.4 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

Wur

Wel

i

yeli,

Zir-

gverdi

morix

o-

Savad

gamom

wvari

yeli

Sezne

qili,

muce

li

gamob

eril

i

sada 16 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

13 namosa

xlari

#2 da

4

qvevreb

Tan

E5 c5

-9.5 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi moyavi

sfro-

lega

d

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 1 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

14 namosa

xlari

# 4

qvevrT

an

E5 c5

-9.5 kera

mika

sufris Wur

Wel

i

gverdi moCal

isfr

od

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 4 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

15 namosa

xlari

#2 da

4

qvevreb

Tan

E5 c5

-9.5 kera

mika

sufris Wur

Wel

i

yurebi moCal

isfr

od

gamom

wvari

mrgva

lgani

vkveT

iani

sada 2 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

16 namosa

xlari

#1

qvevrT

an

E5 b4-5

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi

mowiT

alod

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

dabali

wiboTi

1 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

17 #1

qvevrT

an

E5

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

yuri,

Zir-

gverdi

moCal

isfr

od

gamom

wvari

Ziri

brtye

li,

gverd

i

gamob

eril

i

sada 2 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

18 #1

qvevrT

an

E5 b4-5

-9.5 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

qoT

ani

piri,

gverdi,

Ziri

morux

o-

Savad

gamom

wvari

piri

swori

, Ziri

mrgva

li

da

brtye

li

sada 23 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

19 #1

qvevrT

an

E5 b4-5

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

pir-

yeli,

gverdi

Savad

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

,

yeli

Sezne

qili

sada 9 adre

Suasauk

uneebi


28

20 #4

qvevris

aRmosa

vleTi

E5 b4-5

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

piri,

yuri,

Zir-

gverdi

moyavi

sfro,

wriu

li

gamow

vis

piri

gadaS

lili

, yuri

oval

urgan

ivkve

Tiani

sada 7 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

21 #1

qvevris

aRmosa

vleTi

E5 b4-5

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

piri,

yeli,

gverdi

Savad

gamom

wvari

samtu

Ca

sada 15 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

23 #1

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

E5 b4-5

-9.5 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

qoT

ani

pir-

yeli,

gverdi

moyavi

sfro-

Savad

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

,

yeli

Sezne

qili,

muce

li

gamob

eril

i

sada 25 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

24 wriul

i

wyobis

SigniT,

iataka

ze

E5 b3

-10.5 kera

mika

saritua

lo

gor

go

laW

i

(?)

sruli Savad

gamom

wvari

mrgva

li

sada 1 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

25 ??

gawiT

lebul

i

donis

gawmen

disas

E5 a4, b4

-10.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi cecx

lSi

moxve

dril

i,

widad

qceu

li

gaurk

vevel

i

2 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

26 wriul

i

wyobis

qveS

E5 b3

-10.5 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

jam

i

piri,

yuri,

gverdi

moyavi

sfro-

lega

d

gamom

wvari,

tuCia

ni

piri

gadaS

lili

,

muce

li

gamob

eril

i

sada 7 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

27 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 b3

-10.5 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

qoT

ani

piri,

yuri,

gverdi

Savad

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

,

muce

li

gamob

eril

i

sada 9 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

28 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 b3

-10.5 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

jam

i

piri,

gverdi

morux

o-

Savad

gamom

wvari,

pirmo

yril

i

pirmo

yril

i

sada 25 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

29 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 b3

-10.5 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

qoT

ani

piri,

gverdi

monac

risf

ro-

Savad

gamom

wvari

pirmo

yril

i

sada 12 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi


29

30 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 b3

-10.5 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

Wur

Wel

i

piri,

yuri,

Ziri

moyavi

sfro

d

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

, Ziri

brtye

li

sada 14 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

31 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 b3

-10.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

pir-

gverdi

Savi

zedap

iriT,

yavis

feri

Sidap

iriT

piri

gadaS

lili

sada 2 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

32 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 b3

-10.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi mowiT

alo-

Calis

feri

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 15 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

33 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 b3

-10.5 kera

mika

gaurkveve

li

dis

ko

mTeli mrgva

li

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

34 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 b3

-10.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

jam

i

piri,

gverdi

lega

d

gamom

wvari

forma

ar

dgind

eba

sada 2 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

35 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 b3

-10.5 kera

mika

samSeneb

lo

fi

la

fragme

nti

mowiT

alod

gamom

wvari

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

36 wriul

i

wyobis

SigniT

E5 b3

-11.8 baza

lti

sameurne

o

xel

saf

qvav

i

nacri

sferi

2 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

37 wriul

i

wyobis

SigniT

E5 b3

-11.8 Tixa samSeneb

lo

baT

qaS

i

fragme

nti

mowiT

alo-

Calis

feri

1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

39 #1

samarx

is

gawmen

disas

E5 c2

-11.1 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

Wur

Wel

i

yuri,

gverdi

Savad

gamom

wvari

sada 18 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

40 #1

samarx

is

gawmen

disas

E5 c2

-11.1 kera

mika

sufris,

sameurne

o

jam

i

piri,

Ziri,

gverdi

mowiT

alod

Calis

frad

gamom

wvari

sada 14 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

41 wriul

i

wyobis

gareT

E5 b4

-11.8 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

jam

i

pir-

gverdi

moCal

isfr

o-

lega

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

42 wriul

i

wyobas

Tan

E5 b4

-11.8 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi moyavi

sfro-

Calis

feri

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 4 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

43 wriul

i

wyobas

Tan

E5 b4

-11.8 kera

mika

sufris Wur

Wel

i

gverdi Calis

feri

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 2 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

44 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 b4

-11.5 kera

mika

sufris Wur

Wel

i

yuri Calis

feri

mrgva

lgani

vkveT

iani

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi


30

45 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 b4

-11.5 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

doq

i

piri,

gverdi

Sav-

lega

d

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

,

muce

li

gamob

eril

i

sada 6 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

46 kultu

ruli

fena

E5 b4

-11.5 Tixa samSeneb

lo

baT

qaS

i

natexe

bi

mowiT

alo-

Calis

feri

sada 5 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

48 wriul

i

wyobis

gareT,

dedaqa

nis

Tavze

E5 a4 b4

-11.5 kera

mika

saritua

lo

gor

go

laW

i

1.naxeva

ri

2.mTel

i

mowiT

alo

sada 2 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

49 wriul

i

wyobis

SigniT

E5 b3

-11.5 kera

mika

samzareu

lo,

sufris

jam

i

piri,

Ziri,

gverdi

Savad

gamom

wvari

piri

swori

, Ziri

brtye

li,

muce

li

gamob

eril

i

sada 10 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

50 wriul

i

wyobis

SigniT

E5 b3

-11.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi mowiT

alo-

Calis

feri

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 5 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

51 momwva

r

zedapi

rze

E5 b4

-11.2 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi Savad

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 3 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

52 wriul

i

wyobis

SigniT

E5 b3

-11.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi Savad,

yavis

frad

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 3 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

53 #1

samarx

is qveS

qvayri

lidan

E5 c2

-11.8 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

Wur

Wel

i

yuri,

Ziri,

gverdi

Savad

gamom

wvari

Ziri

brtye

li,

yuri

oval

urgan

ivkve

Tiani

sada 20 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

54 kultu

ruli

fenida

n

E5 c2

-11.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi mowiT

alod

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 6 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

55 kultu

ruli

fenida

n

E5 c2

-11.5 kera

mika

samSeneb

lo

fi

la

(?)

fragme

nti

mowiT

alod

gamom

wvari

brtye

li

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

57 kultu

ruli

fenida

n,

gadana

yarida

n

kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi Savad

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

wiwviseb

uri

ornamen

ti

1 daudgen

eli


31

58 #2

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

E5 c2

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qoT

ani

piri,

gverdi

Savad

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 7 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

59 #2

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

E5 c2

-9.5 Zval

i

sayofacx

ovrebo

cxo

vel

is

koWi TavTan

gaxvret

ili

1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

60 #2

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

E5 c2

-9.5 kera

mika

samzareu

lo

Wur

Wel

i

yuri Savad

gamom

wvari

mrgva

lgani

vkveT

iani

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

61 samarx

i #2

E5 c2

-11.2 brin

jao

samkauli say

ure

1.srul

i

2.orad

gatexi

li

marti

vi

rgol

i,

koro

zireb

uli

wriu

li

2 romaul

i

62 samarx

i #2

E5 c2

-11.2 brin

jao

samkauli sak

idi

(?)

fragme

ntebi

koro

zireb

uli

mrgva

lRer

oiani

2 romaul

i

63 samarx

i #2

E5 c2

-11.2 minis

ebur

i

past

a

samkauli mZiv

ebi

sruli,

fragme

ntebi

rgol

isebu

ri

mrgva

lbrt

yeli

37 romaul

i

64 samarx

i #2

E5 c2

-11.2 kera

mika

saritua

lo/sufr

is

xel

ada

sruli Sav-

lega

d

gamom

wvari

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

65 namosa

xlari,

kultu

ruli

fena

zed

api

ru

li

masa

la

kera

mika

sameurne

o

qoT

ani

pir-

yel-

gverdi

morux

o-

moSav

od

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

,

muce

li

gamob

eril

i

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

66 namosa

xlari,

kultu

ruli

fena

zed

api

ru

li

masa

la

kera

mika

sayofacx

ovrebo

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi Ria

mowiT

alod

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 1 romaul

i

67 namosa

xlari,

kultu

ruli

fena

zed

api

ru

li

masa

la

kera

mika

sayofacx

ovrebo

Wur

Wel

i

qusli Savad

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 1 adre

Suasauk

uneebi

68 namosa

xlari,

kultu

ruli

fena

zed

api

ru

li

masa

la

kera

mika

sayofacx

ovrebo

Wur

Wel

i

Zir-

gverdi

Calis

frad

gamom

wvari,

wmind

a

keci

Ziri

brtye

li

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

69 namosa

xlari,

kultu

ruli

fena

zed

api

ru

li

masa

la

kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi mowiT

alod

da

nacri

sfra

d

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 6 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi


32

70 namosa

xlari,

#3

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qvev

ri

kedeli Ria

Calis

frad

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

horizo

ntalur

i

relief

uri

xaziT

1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

71 namosa

xlari,

#3

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qoT

ani

pir-

yeli

moSav

o-

moyavi

sfro

d

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

,

yeli

Cazneq

ili

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

72 namosa

xlari,

#3

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

lu

Ter

ia

pir-

gverdi

moSav

o-

monac

risf

rod

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

,

muce

li

gamob

eril

i,

defo

rmire

buli

piri

1 c

e

c

x

l

i

s

k

v

a

l

i

romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

73 namosa

xlari,

#3

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qoT

ani

gverdi moSav

o-

monac

risf

rod

gamom

wvari,

Txel

kecia

ni

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 1 c

e

c

x

l

i

s

k

v

a

l

i

romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

74 namosa

xlari,

#3

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qoT

ani

gverdi yavis

frad

gamom

wvari,

Txel

kecia

ni

gaurk

vevel

i

Sidapir

ze

Carxis

kvali

1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

75 namosa

xlari,

#3

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qoT

ani

gverdi mowiT

alod

gamom

wvari,

Txel

kedl

iani,

uxeSi

zedap

iriT

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

76 namosa

xlari,

#3

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

Ziri,

gverdi

Ria

Calis

frad

gamom

wvari,

Txel

kecia

ni,

gluv

zedap

irian

i

Ziri

brtye

li,

muce

li

gamob

eril

i

sada 2 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

77 namosa

xlari,

#3

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

kedli Ria

Calis

frad

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

dawnul

i

ornamen

tiT

Semkuli

1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi


33

78 namosa

xlari,

#3

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

yur-

kedli

moyavi

sfro

d

gamom

wvari

yuri

oval

urgan

ivkve

Tiani,

kedl

is

ZirTa

n

motex

ili

yuriT

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

79 namosa

xlari,

#3

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

piri mowiT

alo-

moyavi

sfro

d

gamom

wvari

piri

gadaS

lili

,

swori

,

Tanab

rad

zomie

ri

1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

80 namosa

xlari,

#3

qvevris

Sevsebi

dan

-9.5 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi moSav

o-

monac

risf

rod

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

usaxo 24 g

a

d

a

i

r

C

a

romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

81 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.6 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

yur-

gverdi

moSav

o-

monac

risf

rod

gamom

wvari

yuri

mrgva

lgani

vkveT

iani,

morka

luli

,

nawil

obriv

SerCe

nilia

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

82 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.6 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

pir-

gverdi

yavis

frad

gamom

wvari

piri

swori

,

gareT

gadaS

lili

,

muce

li

gamob

eril

i

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

83 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.6 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

piri Calis

frad

gamom

wvari,

odnav

napri

alebi

zedap

iri,

swori

piri

horiz

onta

luri,

gadaS

lili

1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

84 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.7 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

Zir-

gverdi

moSav

o-

monac

risf

rod

gamom

wvari

Ziri

mrgva

li

da

brtye

li

viwro

odnav

SesamCne

vi

xazebi

zedapir

ze

1 c

e

c

x

l

i

s

k

v

a

romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi


34

l

i

85 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.7 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

Zir-

gverdi

moSav

o-

monac

risf

rod

gamom

wvari,

Txel

kecia

ni

Ziri

mrgva

li

da

brtye

li

sada,

Sidapir

ze

cecxli

s kvali

1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

86 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.7 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

kedli yavis

frad

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

zedapir

ze

nakawri

ornamen

ti,

Sidapir

ze

cecxli

s kvali

1 C

a

s

a

x

a

t

i

a

romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

87 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.7 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

kedli Savad

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

Sidapir

ze

Carxis

kvali

1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

88 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.7 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

kedeli yavis

frad

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

zedapir

ze

wvrili

xazebiT

1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

89 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.8 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi moSav

o-

monac

risf

rod

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

1

fragmen

ti

nakawri

ornamen

tiT

3 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

90 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.8 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi yavis

frad

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

zedapir

ze

wvrili

xazebiT

1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

91 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.8 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

gverdi nacri

sfra

d

gamom

wvari,

sqelk

ecian

i

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

92 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.8 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

fragme

nti

moSav

o-

moyavi

sfro

d

gamom

wvari,

sakma

od

sqelk

ecian

i

gaurk

vevel

i

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi


35

93 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.8 kera

mika

sameurne

o

Wur

Wel

i

pir-

kedeli

Savad,

Calis

frad,

nacri

sfra

d

gamom

wvari

piri

swori

sada 12 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

94 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.7 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qvev

ri

piri nacri

sfra

d

gamom

wvari

piri

gadmo

kecil

i,

zevid

an

gabrt

yeleb

uli

sada 1 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

95 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.7 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qvev

ri

fragme

ntebi

moSav

o-

monac

risf

rod

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

yelTan,

mxrebze

Semouyv

eba

naWdevi

ornamen

ti

73 romaul

i, adre

Suasauk

uneebi

96 namosa

xlari,

damwva

ri

fenis

gawmen

disas

-11.7 kera

mika

sameurne

o

qvev

ri

kedeli moSav

o-

moyavi

sfro

d

gamom

wvari

gaurk

vevel

i

zedapir

i

wvrili

xazebiT

Semkuli

, zemoT

naWdevi

ornamen

tiT

2 winarwe

klasiku

ri

97 namosa

xlari,

I

horiz

onti,

yore-

kedli

s

naSTTa

n

-10.5 qva samkauli mZiv

i

sruli TeTr

i

mrgva

li

sada 1 d

a

m

w

v

a

r

i

danarTi

anTropologiuri kvlevis angariSi

nana kilaZe

sakiris samarovnze mopovebuli 2 individis Zvlovani masala, kerZod

Tavis qalis Zvlebi, kvlevisaTvis gadaeca istoriisa da eTnologiis

institutis anTropologiis ganyofilebas. individebi ormosamarxSi,

xel-fex mokecil mdgomareobaSi, marcxena gverdze dasvenebulebi

aRmoCndnen.

anTropologiuri masala Semdegnairad damuSavda: Zvlebi gaiwminda,

gairecxa, Sewebda specialuri weboTi (sanTeliTa da kanifoliT)


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spirtquris alze gacxelebiT. Semdeg moxda anTropo-morfologiuri

niSnebis Seswavla. restavrirebuli Tavis qalebi daculia

ganyofilebis sacavSi, saWiro temperaturis dacviT.

samarxi #1 - individi mamakaci ♂ 55�60 wlis (tabula IX, 1).

samarxi #2 - individis poza odnav gansxvavebuli iyo. torsi

gaSotili, zeda kidurebis mtevnebi ki Tavis qalasTan mdebareobda.

individi dedakaci ♀ 30-35 wlis (tabula IX, 2)

orive Tavis qala mezokranulia.

Zvlovani masalis simciris gamo ver ganisazRvra iseTi mniSvnelovani

monacemebi, rogoric aris daavadeba, kvebis racioni, travma da

demografiuli maCvenebeli.


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tabulebi


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borjomis raionSi Catarebuli arqeologiuri kvleva-Ziebis...

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Transcript of borjomis raionSi Catarebuli arqeologiuri kvleva-Ziebis...