Bones and Cartilages of the Head and Neck.doc

7/31/2019 Bones and Cartilages of the Head and Neck.doc

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www.1aim.netAnatomy Tables - Bones and Cartilages of the Headand Neck - Listed Alphabetically

Bone/Cartilage Structure Description Notes

arytenoidcartilage

a pyramid shapedcartilage locatedon the superior margin of thecricoid lamina

paired; each isconnected to theepiglottis above viathe aryepiglottic m.and to the thyroidcartilage anteriorlyvia the vocalligament; pairedarytenoid cartilagesare pulled together (adducted) by thearytenoid m.

corniculatecartilage a small cartilagelocated on theapex of thearytenoidcartilage

corniculate cartilageis found in the baseof the aryepiglotticfold; it is yellowelastic cartilage

cricoidcartilage

the inferior & posterior cartilage of thelarynx; it forms a

completecartilaginousring; its arch projectsanteriorly and itslamina is broadand flat posteriorly

connected: above tothe thyroid cartilagevia the inferior hornof the thyroid

cartilage, to theconus elasticus, tothe arytenoidcartilages which sitatop the lamina;connected below tothe first trachealring via thecricotracheal

ligament


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cuneiformcartilage

smallcartilaginousnodule located inthe aryepiglotticfold

cuneiform cartilageis yellow elasticcartilage

epiglottis the superior partof the larynx

epiglottic cartilageis covered by amucous membrane

ethmoid delicate bonelocated betweenthe two orbits

highly pneumatized bone that containsthe ethmoid air cells; forms thefragile medial wallof the orbit

cribriform plate perforated portion of ethmoid bone oneither side of thecrista galli

perforated for passage of theolfactory nerves

crista galli superior midline

projection of theethmoid boneinto the anterior cranial fossa; itarises betweenthe cribriform plates

"cock's comb";

anterior anchor point of the falxcerebri

perpendicular plate

midline process projectinginferiorly into thenasal cavity

forms the superior part of the bonynasal septum

superior nasalconcha

medial projectionof the ethmoid bone from thesuperolateralwall of the nasalcavity

forms the superior nasal meatus belowit and thesphenoethmoidalrecess above it

middle nasal portion of the forms the superior


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concha ethmoid bonethat projectsinferomediallyfrom the lateralwall of the nasalcavity

nasal meatus aboveit and the middlenasal meatus (whichoverlies the bullaethmoidalis andhiatus semilunaris) below it

bulla ethmoidalis roundedelevation on thelateral wall of thenasal cavity

located under cover of the middle nasalconcha; middleethmoidal air cellsdrain at its apex

ethmoidal air cells pneumatizedspaces (3-18 innumber) withinthe ethmoid bone; located between theorbits

three groups may beidentified: anterior (drain into thehiatus semilunarisin the middle nasalmeatus), middle(drain onto the apexof the bullaethmoidalis in the

middle nasalmeatus), posterior (drain into thesuperior nasalmeatus)

ethmoidalforamen, anterior

opening in themedial wall of the orbit

transmits anterior ethmoidal vesselsand nerve

ethmoidalforamen, posterior

opening in themedial wall of the orbit

transmits posterior ethmoidal vesselsand nerve

hiatussemilunaris

groove in theethmoid portionof the lateralnasal wall between theuncinate process

below and bulla

receives thefrontonasal ductanterosuperiorly,opening of themaxillary sinus posteroinferiorly,

and the openings of


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ethmoidalisabove

the anterior ethmoidal air cellsin between

frontal the anterior boneof the skullwhich underliesthe forehead

articulates with the parietal bone posteriorly;zygomatic, ethmoidand sphenoid bonesinferiorly; maxilla,nasal and lacrimal bones anteriorly; itis formed from twoossifications centerswhich normally fusein the midline - if they do not fuse, amidline "metopicsuture" is the result

orbital plate flat portion of frontal that formsthe roof of the

orbit

a very thin portionof the frontal bonewhich is like an egg

shell in thicknessforamen cecum opening near the

anterior end of the crista galli

transmits anemissary vein whichmay result intransfer of infectious materialsfrom the nasalcavity to the cranialcavity with resultingmeningitis

frontal sinus pneumatizedspace in thefrontal bone

usually paired; eachdrains through thefrontonasal ductinto the uppermost part of the hiatussemilunaris in themiddle nasal meatus

superior orbital arch of bone skin over this region


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margin above the orbitalopening

is supplied by branches of thefrontal nerve(supraorbital andsupratrochlear nn.)

superciliary arch the ridge of boneabove the orbitalmargin

located deep to theeyebrow, blunttrauma to thisregion often resultsin cuts within theeyebrow

glabella midline point between the pairedsuperciliaryarches

supraorbitalnotch

notch in thesuperior orbitalmargin

occasionally presentas a foramen;opening for the passage of the for supraorbitalneurovascular bundle

hyoid a "U"-shaped bone consistingof several parts: body, 2 greater horns, 2 lesser horns

the hyoid boneossifies completelyin middle life; the body articulateswith the greater horns via cartilage

and with the lesser horns via fibrous joints prior toossification; animportant site for muscle attachments(suprahyoid andinfrahyoid musclegroups)

body the middle the body of the


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portion of the"U"-shaped bone

hyoid bonearticulates with thegreater horns posteriorly

greater horn(cornu)

posteriorlydirected limbs of the "U"-shaped bone

each greater hornarticulates with the body and lesser horns anteriorly;origin of middle pharyngealconstrictor m. andhyoglossus m.

lesser horn(cornu) articulates withthe greater hornat its junctionwith the body

the inferior end of the stylohyoidligament attaches tothe lesser horn

inferior nasalconcha

a separate boneon the lateralwall of the nasalcavity

it articulates withthe maxilla; formsthe inferior nasalmeatus below it andthe middle nasalmeatus above it

lacrimal small boneforming part of the medial wallof the orbit

articulates:anteriorly withfrontal process of maxilla, superiorlywith frontal bone, posteriorly withethmoid, inferiorly

with orbital processof maxilla; forms part of the canal for the nasolacrimalduct

mandible the U-shaped bone forming thelower jaw

contains the inferior teeth; formed fromthe mesenchyme of the 1st pharyngeal

arch, and its


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muscles areinnervated by thenerve of the 1st arch(mandibular division of cranialnerve V)

body the anterior partof the mandible

paired halves arefused in the midlineat the symphysismenti

symphysis menti the midlinesymphysis between the twohalves of themandible

the two halves of the mandible fuseduring the first postnatal year

mental protuberance

the projection onthe anterior midline of themandible

the bone of the chin;mental meansrelating to the mind,a reference to theact of resting thechin on the handwhile thinking (seethe sculpture byRodin: "TheThinker")

mental spines(genial tubercles)

the spines on theinner surface of the mandible posterior to the

mental protuberance

attachment site for the genioglossusand geniohyoidmm.

mylohyoid line the ridge runningobliquely from posterosuperior to anteroinferior on the medialsurface of the body of the

mandible

attachment site for the mylohyoidmuscle; thesubmandibular gland is locatedinferior to this lineand the sublingual

gland is located


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superior to this linemental foramen the opening on

the anterior

surface of the body of themandible inferior to the premolar teeth

transmits the mentalneurovascular

bundle; coveredsuperficially by thedepressor angulioris and depressor labii inferioris mm.

ramus the angled portion of themandible that joins the posterior portionof the body

it rises nearlyvertically from the body; thechondyloid processand the coronoid process extend fromthe superior end of the ramus; themandibular foramenis located on themedial surface of the ramus; themedial pterygoid m.

attaches to themedial surface andthe masseter m.attaches to thelateral surface of theramus

angle the posteroinferior bend formed bythe union of the body and theramus

mandibular foramen

the opening onthe medialsurface of theramus

it is the opening intothe mandibular canal; it transmitsthe inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle


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mandibular canal the canal thatruns through the body of themandible

it transmits theinferior alveolar neurovascular bundle from theinfratemporal fossato the mandibular teeth and gingivae

lingula the projection of bone medial tothe mandibular foramen

it is the attachmentsite of the inferior end of thesphenomandibular ligament

coronoid process the process that projectsanterosuperiorlyfrom the ramusof the mandible

it is the attachmentsite of thetemporalis m.

condylar process the rounded process that projects posterosuperiorlyfrom the ramusof the mandible

it articulates withthe mandibular fossa of thetemporal bone

mandibular notch

the notch between thecoronoid andcondylar processes

it transmits themassetericneurovascular bundle from theinfratemporal fossato the deep surface

of the masseter m.mandibular neck the constriction

below thearticular chondyle on thechondylar process of themandible

part of the lateral pterygoid m. insertsinto the pterygoidfossa of themandibular neck

pterygoid fossaof the neck

a shallowdepression on the

part of the lateral pterygoid m. inserts


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anterior surfaceof the neck of themandible

into the pterygoidfossa of themandibular neck

maxilla bone forming themidface it forms the inferior orbital margin andcontains the teethand maxillary sinus

frontal process the part of themaxilla that projectssuperiorly medialto the orbit

it articulates withthe nasal bone, thefrontal bone and thelacrimal bone; itforms part of medialorbital wall &margin; it forms theanterior part of thecanal for thenasolacrimal duct

orbital process the part of themaxilla thatforms the floor of the orbit

also known as theorbital surface of the maxilla; itcontains theinfraorbital grooveand canal; it formsthe roof of themaxillary sinus

zygomatic process

the lateral projection of themaxilla

it articulates withthe zygomatic bone

infraorbitalgroove

groove in orbital process of themaxilla locatedin the posterior part of the orbit

transmits theinfraorbitalneurovascular bundle from theinfraorbital fissureto the infraorbitalcanal

infraorbital canal canal in orbital process of themaxilla locatedin the anterior

the directcontinuation of theinfraorbital groove;transmits the


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part of the orbit infraorbitalneurovascular bundle from theinfraorbital grooveto the infraorbitalforamen

infraorbitalforamen

opening at theanterior end of the infraorbitalcanal locatedinferior to theorbit

it transmits theinfraorbitalneurovascular bundle

alveolar process "U"-shaped process of bonethat holds themaxillary teeth

contains sockets(alveoli) for theroots of themaxillary teeth

maxillarytuberosity

the roughened posterior aspectof the body of the maxilla

the posterior superior alveolar nn. Enter themaxilla directlysuperior to thisstructure

anterior nasalspine

anterior projection of bone in themidline, inferior to the anterior nasal aperture

the cartilaginous part of the nasalseptum sits atop thisstructure

maxillary sinus pneumatizedhollow center of the body of themaxilla

paired; eachmaxillary sinusdrains through thehiatus semilunarisinto the middlenasal meatus

palatine process shelf of bone that projectshorizontally tomeet at themidline in the

paired; together,they form the roof of the oral cavity(hard palate) andthe floor of the


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intermaxillarysuture

nasal cavity

incisive foramen opening in the

midline, posterior to themaxillary incisor teeth

it transmits the

terminal branches of the nasopalatine nn.& sphenopalatineaa.; it marks the point of unionduring developmentof the primary andsecondary palate

nasal thin bone thatforms part of the bridge of thenose

articulates with thefrontal bonesuperiorly, thefrontal process of the maxilla laterallyand the contralateralnasal bone medially

occipital the bone formingthe posterior surface of theskull

it articulatessuperolaterally withthe parietal bonesthrough thelambdoid suture,anteroinferiorlywith the temporal bone and anteriorlywith the body of thesphenoid bone

pharyngeal

tubercle

projection

located anterior to the foramenmagnum

attachment site for

the superior pharyngealconstrictor m.

squamous part the flat, thin portion of theoccipital bonelocated posterior to the foramenmagnum

it articulates withthe petrous part of the temporal boneanteroinferiorly andthe parietal bonessuperolaterally at

the lambdoid suture


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external occipital protuberance

a projection onthe externalsurface of thesquamous part of the occipital bone in themidline

it is the attachmentsite of theligamentum nuchaeand the trapeziusm.; its highest pointis called the inion

inferior nuchalline

a low ridge thatruns transverselyon the externalsurface of thesquamous part of the occipital bone inferior tothe superior nuchal line

it is an attachmentsite for deep neck muscles

superior nuchalline

a low ridge thatruns transverselyon the externalsurface of thesquamous part of

the occipital bone

it is the attachmentis the for thetrapezius andsplenius mm.

foramenmagnum

the opening inthe occipital bone posterior tothe basal part

it transmits thespinal cord, twovertebral aa., andtwo spinalaccessory nerves

basal part the portion of the

occipital bonelocated anterior to the foramenmagnum

it articulates with

the body of thesphenoid bone

lateral part the portion of theoccipital bonelocated lateral tothe foramenmagnum

paired; it is pierced by the hypoglossalcanal and thecondylar canal

hypoglossal an opening in the paired; it transmits


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canal lateral part of theoccipital bone

the hypoglossalnerve

condylar canal an opening in the

lateral part of theoccipital bone

paired; it transmits

the condylar emissary veinoccipital condyle a low, wide

projection fromthe inferior surface of thelateral part of theoccipital bone

paired; it articulateswith the atlas

jugular notch a notch locatedon theanterolateraledge of thelateral part of theoccipital bone

it forms the posterior margin of the jugular foramen;the temporal boneforms the anterior margin of the jugular foramen

ossicles a chain of three bones in the

tympanic cavity(middle ear)connecting thetympanicmembrane to theoval window;arranged fromlateral to medial:malleus, incus,

stapes

the ossicles are joined by synovial

articulations thatmay becomearthritic in old age,resulting inconductive deafness

incus the middleossicle of themiddle ear

articulates with thehead of the malleusand the head of thestapes; incus means"anvil"

malleus the lateral ossicleof the middle ear

the manubrium isattached by itshandle to the inner surface of the


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tympanic membraneat the umbo; itshead articulateswith the incus;malleus means"hammer"

stapes the medialossicle of themiddle ear

it articulates withthe long process of the incus and its base fills thefenestra vestibuli(oval window);stapes means"stirrup"

palatine the bone thatforms the posterior part of the hard palate

paired; failure of the perpendicular platesto fuse duringdevelopment leadsto a midline defect(cleft palate)

perpendicular plate

the vertical portion of the palatine bonelocated posteriorly oneither side of thenasal cavity

it articulatesanteriorly with themaxilla; posteriorlyit forms the medialwall of the pterygopalatinefossa and the lateralwall of the nasalcavity; its posterior edge contributes to1/2 of thesphenopalatineforamen

sphenopalatinenotch

a notch at the posterosuperior margin of the perpendicular plate of the palatine bone

along with thesphenoid bone itforms thesphenopalatineforamen


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sphenopalatineforamen

an opening in thelateral wall of thenasal cavityformed by the perpendicular plate of the palatine bone andthe body of thesphenoid bone

it transmits thenasopalatine nerveand thesphenopalatinevessels

orbital process a small, superior projection fromthe perpendicular plate of the palatine bone

it forms a small partof the floor of theorbit located posteroinferiorlynear the apex

horizontal plate the portion of the palatine bonethat forms the posterior 1/3 of the hard palate

paired; the twohorizontal platesmeet at the midline

greater palatineforamen

an opening in thehard palatelocated medial tothe 3rd maxillarymolar tooth

it transmits thegreater palatineneurovascular bundle; it is animportant site for oral anesthesia

lesser palatineforamen

an opening in thehard palatelocated posterior to the greater

palatine foramen

there may be morethan one; ittransmits the lesser palatine n. and

vesselsparietal a broad, flat bone

forming thelateral surface of the skull

paired; this bonearticulates with thecontralateral parietal bone in themidline at thesagittal suture; itarticulatesanteriorly with

frontal bone at


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coronal suture; itarticulates posteriorly with theoccipital bone at thelambdoid suture; itarticulates inferiorlywith the greater wing of thesphenoid bone atthe pterion, thesquamous part of the temporal bone atthe squamous suture

and the mastoid partof the temporal bone at the parietomastoidsuture

inferior temporalline

an arching ridgeon the externalsurface of the parietal bone

it is an attachmentsite for thetemporalis muscle

superior temporal line

an arching ridgeon the externalsurface of the parietal bone

it is an attachmentsite for thetemporalis muscleand the temporalfascia

parietal foramen an opening in the parietal bonelocated near thesagittal suture

it transmits the parietal emissaryvein, a valvelessvein which connectsthe scalp to thecranial cavity

granular foveolae

small pits locatedon the inner tableof the parietal bone

for the arachnoidgranulations

thyroid

cartilage

the large anterior

cartilage of the

connected above to

the hyoid bone via


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larynx; it hasseveral parts:laminae (2),superior horns(2), inferior horns (2),oblique line,superior thyroidnotch,

the thyrohyoidmembrane;connected below tothe cricoid cartilagevia the inferior hornof the thyroidcartilage; connected posteriorly: to thearytenoid cartilagevia the vocalligament andthyroarytenoid m.,to the epiglottic

cartilage via thethyroepiglotticligament; it tiltsanteriorly toincrease the lengthof the vocalligament and raisethe pitch of thevoice

lamina a broad flat plateof cartilageforming one sideof the thyroidcartilage; twolaminae fuseanteriorly in themidline to formthe thyroidcartilage

the laryngeal prominence is theline of fusion of thetwo laminae; eachlamina is connectedsuperiorly to thehyoid bone by thethyrohyoidmembrane

superior horn the rounded,superior projection of the posterior border of the thyroidlamina

it is connectedsuperiorly to thegreater horn of thehyoid bone by thelateral thyrohyoidligament

inferior horn the rounded,

inferior projection of the

it is connected

inferiorly to thecricoid cartilage by


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posterior border of the thyroidlamina

the cricothyroidarticulation (asynovial joint)

oblique line ridge whichdescendsdiagonally fromsuperior toinferior on thelateral surface of the thyroidlamina

a line of muscleattachment

laryngeal prominence

the line of fusionof the thyroidlaminae

known to the lay person as the"Adam's apple"; thelaryngeal prominence is asecondary sexualcharacteristic - in postpuberal malesthe angle of thelaryngeal

prominence isapproximately 90and in females theangle isapproximately120

superior thyroidnotch

the notch at thesuperior end of the laryngeal prominence

it is connected tothe hyoid bone bythe medianthyrohyoid ligament

sphenoid an irregularlyshaped boneforming thecentral portion of the skull

it has many parts,including a body,greater wing, lesser wing and pterygoid plates

body central part of thesphenoid bone

contains thesphenoid sinuses;

attachment point for


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the wings and pterygoid plates

sphenoid sinuses pneumatized

spaces within the body of thesphenoid bone

usually paired; it

drains into thesphenoethmoidalrecess of the nasalcavity

jugum the anterior-most portion of thesphenoid bone

articulates with thecribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

chiasmaticsulcus

the groove for the optic chiasm

located between the jugum & thetuberculum sellae

optic canal canal located atthe lateral end of the chiasmaticsulcus andmedial to theanterior clinoid process

paired; it transmitsthe optic nerve andthe ophthalmicartery from thecranial cavity to theapex of the orbit

tuberculumsellae

the anterior limitof the sellaturcica

the middle clinoid processes projectfrom its lateral ends

sella turcica depression on thesuperior surfaceof the body of the sphenoid bone

"Turkish saddle";roughly equivalentto the hypophysealfossa; area betweenthe tuberculum

sellae and the posterior clinoid processes

anterior clinoid process

projection at themedial end of thelesser wing of thesphenoid bone

the internal carotidartery passes medialto this structure

lesser wing of the sphenoid

thin rim of bone projectinglaterally from the

bilateral; it formsthe posterior marginof anterior cranial


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anterior clinoid process

fossa; it articulatesanteriorly with theorbital plate of thefrontal bone

greater wing of the sphenoid

broad plate of bone swinginglaterally from the body of thesphenoid bone

bilateral; it formsthe medial part of the floor of themiddle cranialfossa, part of temporal fossaelaterally, and the posterior part of thelateral wall of orbit;it articulatesanteriorly with thezygomatic bone,superiorly with thefrontal & parietal bones (at the pterion), posteriorlywith the squamous& petrous portionsof the temporal bone

superior orbitalfissure

slit-like opening between thelesser & greater wings of thesphenoid bone

it transmits theoculomotor nerve,the trochlear nerve,the abducens nerve, branches of ophthalmic divisionof the trigeminalnerve, the superior ophthalmic vein andlymphatics from thecranial cavity intothe orbit

foramenrotundum

opening in thefloor of themiddle cranial

fossa through thegreater wing of

it transmits themaxillary divisionof the trigeminal

nerve


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the sphenoid bone

foramen ovale opening in the

floor of themiddle cranialfossa through thegreater wing of the sphenoid bone

it transmits the

mandibular divisionof the trigeminalnerve; it is located between theforamen rotundumand the foramenspinosum

foramenspinosum

opening in thefloor of themiddle cranialfossa through thegreater wing of the sphenoid bone

it transmits themiddle meningealartery and themeningeal br. of themandibular divisionof the trigeminalnerve (cranial nerveV)

spine of thesphenoid

process of bonethat projectsinferiorly fromundersurface of greater wing of the sphenoid

it is the superior attachment for thesphenomandibular ligament

pterygoid process

process that projectsinferiorly fromthe junction of the body &

greater wing of the sphenoid bone

it has several parts:lateral & medial pterygoid plates,hamulus, pterygoidfossa, scaphoid

fossa; the pterygoid plates are separated by the large pterygoid fossathroughout most of their length, and bythe small scaphoidfossa superiorly

lateral pterygoid

plate

thin plate of bone

that projects

it is the attachment

site of the lateral &


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posterolaterallyfrom the pterygoid process

medial pterygoidmuscles (lateral pterygoid m. on itslateral surface,medial pterygoid m.on its medialsurface)

medial pterygoid plate

thin plate of bonethat projects posteriorly fromthe pterygoid process

it is the attachmentof the superior pharyngealconstrictor m. & the pharygobasilar fascia

scaphoid fossa an ovaldepression at thesuperior end of the lateral pterygoid plate

it is the site of origin of the tensor veli palatini m.

pterygoidhamulus

hook-like projection fromthe inferior endof the medial pterygoid plate

it acts as a pulleyfor the tendon of thetensor veli palatinim.

pterygoid canal canal that occursat the junction of the greater wing,the pterygoid process and the body of the

sphenoid bone

it transmits thenerve of the pterygoid canalfrom the pterygoidregion to the pterygopalatine

fossatemporal bone forming the

lateral side of theskull

temporal refers the passage of time,which is marked bythe appearance of gray hair on the sideof the head

petrous part the hard part of the temporal bone located in

it contains thetympanic cavity(middle ear) and the


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the floor of thecranial cavity

bony labyrinth of the inner ear

internal acoustic

meatus

the opening on

the posteromedialsurface of the petrous part of the temporal bone

it transmits the

facial n., thevestibulocochlear n., and thelabyrinthine a.

facial canal a canal whichcourses throughthe petrous partof the temporal bone

it transmits thefacial n. from theinternal acousticmeatus to thestylomastoidforamen

carotid canal a canal whichcourses throughthe petrous partof the temporal bone

it transmits theinternal carotid a.and the internalcarotid plexus of nerves into thecranial cavity

mastoid process the processlocated posteroinferior tothe externalacoustic meatus

it projects inferiorlyfrom the junction of the petrous andsquamous parts of the temporal bone;it contains themastoid air cellsthat open into

tympanic cavitythrough the mastoidantrum

tegmen tympani thin plate of boneforming the roof of the tympaniccavity

located on the floor of the middlecranial fossa

jugular fossa a depression onthe posterior surface of the

it forms the anterior margin of the jugular foramen; the


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petrous part of the temporal bone

occipital bone formsthe posterior marginof the jugular foramen

styloid process the spike of bonethat projectsinferiorly fromthe petrous partof the temporal bone

it is the attachmentsite for thestylohyoid,styloglossus andstylopharyngeusmm. and thestylomandibular andstylohyoidligaments

tympanic part the part of thetemporal boneconsisting of theexternal acousticmeatus and thetympanic ring

the medial 1/3 of the external acousticmeatus is bony andthe lateral 2/3 isformed by cartilage

external acousticmeatus

the opening inthe lateralsurface of thetemporal bone

it extends mediallyfrom the surface tothe tympanicmembrane; it allowssound to reach thetympanicmembrane; themedial 1/3 of theexternal acousticmeatus is bony andthe lateral 2/3 isformed by cartilage

tympanic ring the rim of bonesurrounding themedial end of theexternal acousticmeatus

it is the attachmentsite of the tympanicmembrane

squamous part the thin flat portion of the

temporal bone

it articulates withthe parietal bone

and the greater wing


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that constitutesthe side of theskull above theear

of the sphenoid bone at thesquamous suture

zygomatic process

the projection of bone that arisesanterior to theexternal acousticmeatus

it articulates withthe temporal process of thezygomatic bone toform the zygomaticarch

mandibular fossa the depressionlocated medial tothe origin of thezygomatic process

it articulates withthe condylar processof the mandible

articular tubercle an inferior projectionlocated anterior to the mandibular fossa

dislocations of thetemporomandibular joint result when themandibular condyleslides anterior tothis structure

vomer thin plate of boneforming the posteroinferior part of the nasalseptum

articulatessuperiorly with the perpendicular plateof the ethmoid boneand the body of thesphenoid bone;articulates inferiorlywith the palatine

processes of themaxilla and thehorizontal plate of the palatine bone

wormian bone small irregular bone that occurs between suturesof the skull

wormian bones arevariable inoccurrence and areespecially commonat the junction of

the squamous suture


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and the lambdoidsuture

zygomatic the bone that

forms the cheek

the zygomatic bone

is frequentlyfractured in blowsto the side of theorbit; the temporalfascia attaches tothe zygomatic arch

temporal process the portion of thezygomatic bonethat projects posteriorly

it articulates withthe zygomatic process of thetemporal bone toform the zygomaticarch

frontal process the portion of thezygomatic bonethat projectssuperiorly andmedially

it forms the inferior part of the lateralorbital margin andthe anteroinferior part of the lateralorbital wall; itarticulates with thefrontal boneanteriorly and thegreater wing of thesphenoid bone posteriorly

maxillary process

the part of thezygomatic bone

that projectsmedially

it forms the lateral part of the inferior

orbital margin andthe anterolateral part of the orbitalfloor; it articulateswith the maxilla

zygomaticofacialforamen

a small openingon the lateralsurface of thezygomatic bone

it transmits thezygomaticofacial n.

Bones and Cartilages of the Head and Neck.doc

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