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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Powering Your BoatChapter

10

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Lesson Objectives

• Types and characteristics of marine engines

• Two and four stroke engines

• Operation and care

• Gasoline selection

• Battery maintenance

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Lesson Objectives (2)

• Electrical system

• Galvanic action

• Winterizing and commissioning

• Trouble shooting

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Types of Marine Engines (Roger’s slide for clarity)

• Installation location• Inboard• Outboard

• Operating cycle• 2 cycle• 4 cycle

• Fuel type• Gas• Diesel

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Types of Marine Propulsion (Roger’s slide for clarity)

• Outboard: Unit containing engine, shafts, prop located outside & attached to transom

• Inboard: Engine in boat, shaft through hull, external prop & rudder, prop at angle to water surface, no trim function

• Traditional uses straight shaft, engine is well forward of transom• Tunnel drive• V drive moves engine to transom, shaft cut into two and leaves engine

going forward, then reverses• Inboard/Outboard (I/O): Engine inboard at stern, external

drive includes prop parallel to water surface, driven by shafts at 90 degrees. Swivel drive to turn; no rudder

• Traditional I/O has large transom cut out• Tractor or 360 degree swivel, shaft through hull, drive & prop under hull

• Jet drive: Impeller no prop, pumps water for thrust. Swivel nozzle to turn.

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Types of Marine Engines

• Installation (these are propulsion, not engine)

InboardInboard/outboard

(stern drive)Outboard

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Four-Stroke Two-Stroke1 2

3 4

1 2

3 4 5

Intake Exhaust Intake Exhaust

Intake Exhaust Intake Exhaust

Intake Port Exhaust Port

Types of Marine Engines

• Operating Cycle

• Who can recall some of the differences in the two-stroke and four-stroke engines?

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Types of Marine Engines

• Types of fuel used

• What are the advantages and disadvantages in engines fueled by diesel rather than gasoline?

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Types of Marine Engines

• Risks from fuel• Gasoline• Diesel

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Types of Marine Propulsion

• Inboard engines• Engine in boat, shaft through hull, external prop & rudder,

prop at angle to water surfaceDirect - Drive V - Drive

Reprinted with permission from Boatowner’s Mechanical and Electrical Manual, Third Edition, by Nigel Calder

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Types of Marine Propulsion

• Jet drives• Power• Steering

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Types of Marine Propulsion

• Tunnel drives

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Types of Marine Propulsion

• Stern drive• Engine inboard at stern, external drive includes

prop parallel to water surface, driven by shafts at 90 degrees. Swivel drive to turn; no rudder

• What are advantages and disadvantages of the stern-drive engine?

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Types of Marine Propulsion

• Outboard engine• Unit containing engine, shafts, prop located

outside & attached to transom

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Induction Systems

• Carburetor• Fuel is mixed with air, then passed into the

cylinder• Backfire may cause flame to come out air intake.

Use flame arrester.

• Fuel injection• Fuel injected into cylinder to mix with air• Some use flame arrester• Diesel injects once cylinder is compressed,

triggering ignition

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Ignition Systems

• Diesel• Heat of

compression

• Gasoline• Spark from plugs• Magneto ignition• Ignition breaker

point system• Electronic

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Cooling Systems

• Air cooled

• Water cooled• Open System Pumps Sea Water Through Engine• Closed or dual system

• Sea Water Pumped Through Heat Exchanger

• Fresh Water with Antifreeze Pumped Through Engine & Heat Exchanger

• Telltale on outboards

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Gasoline Considerations

• Octane

• Reformulated

• Fuel tanks• Fuel stability • Condensation• Filter

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Batteries

• Charged

• Switch• Running on

both = same as one battery

• Secure

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Maintenance

• Lubrication

• Crankcase

• Bilge pumps

• Belts

• Ignition system

• Zincs

Reprinted with permission from Outboard Engines by Edwin R. Sherman

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Winterizing Your Boat

• Crankcase• Transmission• Fuel tank• Gasoline engine• Cooling systems• Lower units• Ignition system• Freshwater system• Heads

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Spring Fitting Out

• Out of the water

• In the water

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Boating Skills And Seamanship

Trouble Shooting

• Engine won’t turn over

• Engine won’t start

• Engine runs rough

• Engine idles but does not develop full power