Bmt challenges in biomedical research
Transcript of Bmt challenges in biomedical research
What do you think?
It is okay to animals for food
Keeping animals in cages is wrong
A chimpanzee is more like a human than a rat
Animals feel pain
People who are studying to be a physician should dissect a human corpse (dead body)
Just as there is no absolute certainty in science, there are also no absolute scales of rightness in ethics!
Fact
Information
Ideas that can be
supported by data
Can be proven Opinion
Belief not based on
certainty or fact
Something that
seems probable to one’s own mind
How to decide
Is there data to support?
Is it factual?
Who are the sources?
Is it a reliable source?
Dinosaurs sighted!
Man Lives 14
Years with
Chimp’s Heart
Think of daily activities and see if any
animals were involved, directly or
indirectly
How would you be affected if animals
were not part of research?
Do benefits outweigh
the risk?
Biotechnology-collection of scientific
techniques that use living cells and
molecules to make products and solve
problems
Transgenic organisms-organisms that
contain another species’ genes within
their chromosomes
Used in selective breeding of livestock, controlled plant pollination, and microorganisms to bake bread, brew beer, and make cheese
First transgenic organisms (created in a lab) were bacteria, which was used to produce insulin in a lab
Animal models-an established part of biomedical research; mice used most often
Pharmaceutical production-using transgenic animals to produce substance used in medicine (pharming)
Organ donors-Most xenografts (Tissue or organs from an individual of one species transplanted into or grafted onto an organism of
another species) come from pigs
-Biggest challenge to successful use of pig organs in human transplants is rejection!
Livestock improvement
Scientist get a transgene into another organism by injecting it into a single cell embryo
Researchers must apply for a patent from the US Patent and Trademark Office to get approval to create a transgenic animal
Opposed Beliefs:
Believe it threatens our environment,
health, and food safety
Favor Beliefs:
Believe that transgenic techniques
may one day be able to treat human
disease
TherapeuticGoal is to produce embryonic stem cells
vs.
ReproductiveGoal is to create new organism
Clone===Precise genetic copy
What was the first thing cloned?
In 1997, Dolly the sheep was the first cloned mammal
Currently, there is no evidence of successful human cloning in the
world
Few scientist
believe in human
cloning but support
therapeutic cloning
to hopefully
produce treatments
for diseases!
Stem cells are important to medical researchers they are used to create perfectly matched tissue to treat an individual disease or disorder
Adult stem cells
› Used for stem cell transfusions when a person’s own stem cells are destroyed, such as by radiation
Embryonic stem cells
› come from a fertilized egg
› for the purpose of treating disease