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Transcript of [email protected] ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt 1 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10:...
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt1
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Bruce Mayer, PELicensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer
Engineering 10
Chp.14 TechCommunicati
on
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt2
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
¿¿Class QUESTION??
What can HUMANS do FAR
BETTER than Any other
Species on the Planet Earth?CO
MM
UNIC
ATE
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt3
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Why Engineering Communication Engineers must communicate
with each other Engineers must communicate
with nonengineers Engineers must communicate
technical Information Engineers must communicate
EFFECTIVELY
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt4
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Why Engineering Comm cont
Surveys of Employers about the needs or skills for employees• Written And Oral Communication Is Always
Near the Top Of The List– c.f. §4.11 in the Text...Employees should
Demonstrate EXCELLENT Communication Skills
• COMMUNICATION is always a rating Criteria used by College Recruiters– The Instructor Partially Rated College Recruits
On Communication Skills
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt5
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Why Engineering Comm cont Your work as an engineer usually
results in a DOCUMENT or a PRESENTATION as well as a “BluePrint” or device or product• If you are Senior Engineer, Expect to
Spend 20-40% of Time on Comm Issues Engineers prepare memos, reports,
emails, proposals, technical articles, procedures, presentations, project reviews, Speak at Meetings, . . .
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt6
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Class Exercise → White Board Can you Think of Some Professions
that are Known for Communication Skills? (e.g., Actors, Politicians)
1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt7
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Good Communicators
Some Good Communicators • Actors, TV & Radio “Personalities”• Public Office Holders• Attorneys• “Leaders” of ANY Kind• “Writers” of all Kinds• Teachers & Professors
Should Engineers Be On this List?
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt8
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Engineers as Communicators?
Should Engineers Be on the Good-Communicator List?• Answer for the Stereotype is NO• Answer from some people in industry is NO• Reality: YES, some of the BEST
communicators are ENGINEERS– e.g., Mr. Ayesh, Mr. Huy Nguyen, etc.
Q: Why/How Does the Practice of Engineering Develop Comm Skills?
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt9
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Engineers as Communicators?
A: Engineers must present material that is Difficult to understand & comprehend• Makes The Job Of
Achieving Effective Communication isa Process That Requires SKILL and EFFORT
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt10
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Communication Forms
Documents → TECHNICAL WRITING• Formal Reports – Design Specs,
Project Bids/Proposals, Test Reports• Publications Journal Articles, Books• Patent Applications• Instructions and Procedures
– In Small Firms Engineers will Write the Entire Instruction Manual
• Formal Letters• Internal communication – Memos, eMails
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt11
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Communication Forms cont.
Talks → TECHNICAL PRESENTATIONS• Formal PowerPoint Presentations• Informal Group Presentations (Staff Mtgs) • One-on-Discussions
– e.g., supervisor, report, colleague, designer, technicians, operators, customers/clients
• Often done with Little or No Advance Notice– Need to Develop
Extemporaneous Speaking Skills
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt12
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Engineering Comm Goals
Clear Concise
• i.e., Quick
Professional Reliable
• i.e., Accurate
Ethical HOW to Do all This?
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt13
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Tech Comm Should Answer
WHAT Did You Do? HOW Did You Do It? WHAT was, or Will be, The
SIGNIFICANCE of What Was Done?
Or For a Proposal:• What Will Be Done?• How Will It Be Done it?• What are the Benefits?
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt14
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Basic “Law” Of Communication
Tell Them What You are Going to Tell Them• An Outline or Introduction
Tell Them• The Body of Report or Presentation
Tell Them What you Told Them• Summary and/or Conclusions
Stop • Leave the Audience with the Main Point
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt15
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Mistakes Erode Credibility Errors in Spelling, Grammar, Format,
Numerical Values, Units, etc., Suggest• Carelessness• Lack of Professionalism• Sloppiness• Questionable Reliability
The Audience ReceivingError-Filled Communication Often Feels a Lack of Respect
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt16
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Mistakes Erode Credibility cont. Do Not Invalidate Good Engineering
Work with Poor Communication Your WRITING and PRESENTATIONS
are as MUCH A PART of Your Engineering as Are Calculations, Judgment, BluePrints,and Creativity
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt17
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
2nd Law of Communication 2.1 Know your AUDIENCE 2.2 Know your SUBJECT
Carefully Consider the Audience• Who is the Audience?• What is their Motivation;
i.e., Why are They Here?• How Much Do They Know Now?• What Do They Want to Know?
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt18
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
2nd Law of Communication cont.
Carefully Consider the Audience• Level of Detail and Background Info
– Too MUCH Bores the Audience and Wastes Time (Theirs AND Yours)
– Too LITTLE Loses, Confuses, Intimidates, and Annoys the Audience
– Either Too-Much or Too-Little Degrades The Communication Effectiveness
• Prioritize The Points– Stick to Main Issues
Omit What Does Not Support the Main Point
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt19
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
2nd Law of Communication cont. Be Prepared
• Understand Your Topic– Do Extra Research if Needed
• Try to ANTICIPATE Questions– Answer Them as An Integral Part of Your
Communication
• Organized-Thoughts and Organized-Work Show Up as an Organized Document or Presentation
• The Style/Structure Can Enhance or Detract
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt20
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Style and Tone TONE is the Feeling Or Impression a
Document Conveys Style Refers to the Choices Writers
Make that Create The Tone Conveyed to the Audience
Engineers Write in PROFESSIONAL Style• i.e., as One Professional to Another (tone)• Can be: Formal, Informal, SemiFormal
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt21
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Engineering Comm Graphics Engineering is a PHYSICAL Endeavor
• This Implies the Use of Extensive VISUALIZATION
Use Visuals to The Maximum Advantage to Communicate Information
Partial List of Engineering Visuals• Tables
– Tabulated Data, Results, Estimates, Lists
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt22
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Engineering Comm Graphics cont• Charts & Graphs (ENGR25)
– Plots of: Data, Results, Calculations, Estimates
• Engineering Drawings (ENGR22)– Flow Diagrams/Charts, Electrical & Fluid
Circuits (Line Schematics), Pictorial and Othrographic-Projection Drawings, CAD Solid Models, etc.
• Images– Photos & Videos (enabled
by Digital Photography), Scans, ClipArt
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt23
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Visuals Should Have a Purpose Save Time Clarify an Idea or Concept Reinforce a Concept Increase Interest
• “Appealing” Visual
Prove a Point Increase Retention Document or Archive Information
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt24
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Engineering Graphics Usage Graphics COMPLEMENT a Report or
Presentation• The Visual SUPPORTS The Written
Description or Oral Presentation
Graphics used for: Reporting, Design, Development, Tutoring, Demonstrating, Documenting
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt25
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Tables Effective for Organizing and Presenting
Data and Lists Used to Display and Calculate Precise
Numerical Results Create In
MS Excel or MS Word• Can Create in
Either to Paste into PwrPnt
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt26
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Tatsuno Fab Equipment LISTType Model Manufacturer Notes
Oxidation Tube Fnce DD-9400VF Kokusai LPCVD Tubes DJ800 Kokusai LPCVD Tubes XL-8P-373 Terusarko
APCVD PET-5500 Pacific Western PECVD PBM-GL450S Pacific Western
SOG Coater TR-6131 Sputter 2400-8SA Perkin-Elmer Al, Al-Si, Ti Sputter MLX-1000 Ulvac Al-Si
E-Beam Evaporator EBX-6D Ulvac Au Ion Implanter 200SJ TEL/Varian
g-Line Stepper LD5010 Hitachi i-Line Stepper NSR2005i8A Nikon
Projection Aligner M240 SVG 2-Sided Mask Aligner PEM-1000AL Union Optical
PR Track, Neg. ACD-640 TEL PR Track, Pos. SKW636BV DNS PR Track, Pos. V4600CD TEL
Vacuum UV Bake TVC-5002 Tokyo Ohka PR Asher, Plasma OPM-A1200 Tokyo Ohka
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt27
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Reporting Numbers Significant Figures
• Consider Accuracy, Precision, ±Error– Engineering Data Seldom Known to Better Than
±0.2%
• Generally Use 3 Figures, 4 OK if Data is Extra Accurate; e.g.,– 0.062178 Volts → 62.2 mV
• True for Tables, Charts, Text• Sums and %’s Should Add Exactly
– Rounding Errors Suggest Missing Data
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt28
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Excel SpreadSheet Tables (E25)
The Excel SpreadSheet IS a Table• Cells Organized in Rows & Columns
Cells Calculate (update) Automatically• Formulas & References
Numbers in Cells Can Be Easily Formatted for Precision & Alignment• Use Format-Number or Format-Cell
Rows & Columns Easily Resized WORD is Better for Tabulating TEXT
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt29
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Drawings and Diagrams
Tools – Word, PowerPoint, MATLAB, Visio, AutoCad, Smart Draw, Solid-Edge, ProE, SolidWorks, more
Tool Selection Depends on Purpose & Audience
2D or 3D Need to Rescale, Edit, Cut, Paste, Import Resolution Level of Detail
GoogleSketchUp
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt30
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
WJ-1500 Chamber ElectroBaric Analog
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt31
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
3D vs 2D 3D Generally More Informative, but they
• Take Longer to Prepare• Require More Memory (disk space)
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt32
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Charts and Graphs
Carefully The Select the TYPE of Chart• Different Charts Convey Different Info
Make Clear and Easy to Read• Large Fonts• Good Contrast
– Light-on-Dark or Dark-on-Light
Include Legend Unless Info in Title Label All Axes, Including Units
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt33
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Charts & Graphs cont Where Appropriate Annotate or Mark
points/regions of Interest with Arrows, Ovals, or Text
There are 14 chart types in Microsoft Excel • This Covers 99% of the Chart Types That
Most Engineers will need• See Appendix for Details• Covered in ENGR25
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt34
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
Bruce Mayer, PELicensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer
Chabot Engineering
AppendixMSExcel Charts
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt35
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
MS Excel Charts Area Chart
• An area chart emphasizes the magnitude of change over time. By displaying the sum of the plotted values, an area chart also shows the relationship of parts to a whole.
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt36
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
MS Excel Charts Bar Chart
• A bar chart illustrates comparisons among individual items. Categories are organized vertically, values horizontally, to focus on comparing values and to place less emphasis on time. Stacked bar charts show the relationship of individual items to the whole.
Alignment Effectiveness vs. No. of Calibration Points
27.05
25.00
23.11
21.08
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
65
43
Nu
mb
er
of
Alig
nm
en
t P
oin
ts
Aligned vs. Unaligned Effectiveness file = Align_CoOrd_Test_020320.xls
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt37
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
MS Excel Charts Column Chart
• A column chart shows data changes over a period of time or illustrates comparisons among items. Categories are organized horizontally, values vertically, to emphasize variation over time. Stacked column charts show the relationship of individual items to the whole.
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt38
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
MS Excel Charts Line Chart
• A line chart shows trends in data at equal intervals. Although line charts are similar to area charts, line charts emphasize time flow and the rate of change, rather than the amount of change or the magnitude of values.
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt39
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
MS Excel Charts Pie Chart
• A pie chart shows the proportional size of items that make up a data series to the sum of the items. It always shows only one data series and is useful when you want to emphasize a significant element
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt40
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
MS Excel Charts
XY (Scatter) Chart• An xy (scatter) chart
either shows the relationships among the numeric values in several data series or plots two groups of numbers as one series of xy coordinates. It shows uneven intervals, or clusters, of data and is commonly used for scientific data.
TEOS Liquid Source Vapor Bubble Saturation v. Liquid Height
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Liquid Level Inside Bubbler, y (inch)
Inte
gra
ted
Bu
bb
le S
atu
rati
on
, Sv
0
30
60
90
120
150
Bu
bb
le R
ise
Tim
e,
r (m
s)
Integrated Saturation (%)
Rise Time (ms)
file = Sv(t)_01.xls
• Bubble Diameter = 1.999 mm
• Dv for TEOS in N2 = 0.0727 cm2/s
• Kinematic viscosity,, = 0.00511 cm2/s
99% Saturation after 67 ms, or 0.46"
Linear portion of r curve indicatesterminal velocity of ~0.23 m/s
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt41
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
MS Excel Charts Doughnut Chart
• Like a pie chart, a doughnut chart shows the relationship of parts to a whole, but it can contain more than one data series. Each ring of the doughnut chart represents a data series
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt42
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
MS Excel Charts
Radar Chart• In a radar chart, each category has its own
value axis radiating from the center point. Lines connect all the values in the same series. A radar chart compares the aggregate values of a number of data series.
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt43
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
MS Excel Charts Surface Chart
• A surface chart is useful when you want to find optimum combinations between two sets of data. As in a topographic map, colors and patternsindicate areas thatare in the samerange of values.
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt44
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
MS Excel Charts Bubble Chart
• A bubble chart is a type of xy (scatter) chart. The size of the data marker indicates the value of a third variable.
4-Pt Aligned Error Mag vs. Position • KLARFF Wafer CZHA
-12
-8
-4
0
4
8
12
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
Xindex
Yin
de
x
NOTES• OTA-2100• 200mm IBM Wafer CZHA.001 • Test Date = 20Mar02• Aligned Avg Error Vector = 8.52 µm
file = Align_CoOrd_Test_020320.xls
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt45
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
MS Excel Charts Stock Chart
• The stock chart is often used to illustrate stock prices. This chart can also be used for scientific data, for example, to indicate temperature changes
[email protected] • ENGR-10_Lec-10_Tech_Communication.ppt46
Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering-10: Intro to Engineering
MS Excel Charts Cone, Cylinder, and Pyramid Chart
• The cone, cylinder, and pyramid data markers can lend a dramatic effect to 3-D column and bar charts.
0
10
20
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Ho
fste
de
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ore
Sociable Respecting Dif.Cultures
Building Skills Fairness Influential Considerate
Asia
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