Blue Gouramis Highly Territorial But Needs to Mate 3. What are the CS and US?
-
date post
19-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of Blue Gouramis Highly Territorial But Needs to Mate 3. What are the CS and US?
Conclusions
• 1 (again). Conditioned behaviour is “evoked” by the CS, it is not “chosen” at the time by the organism
• 5. What constitutes a pairing depends on the response system (no optimal ISI)
Conclusions
• 6. Effects of CS-US pairings must be compared to a proper control group
• 7. Slow development of the CR may predict disease
Recall: The US also affects the Form of the CR
•Unconditioned Stimulus– food vs. water outcome
•Conditioned Stimulus– social vs. nonsocial signal
Stimulus Substitution Examples (the CS takes the place of the US)
• Pavlov: UR = Salivation, CR = Salivation
• Cocaine: UR = Activity, CR = Activity
• Cyclophosamide: UR & CR = immune suppression.
• Autoshaping: CR for water = Closed beak, CR for grain = Open beak
Critical Point
• US difference is readily explained by stimulus substitution
• CS difference is not!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
After one or two pairings…
(CS)
Blood pressure
Heart Rate
Stress Hormones
Hypoalgesia
Freezing
(CR’s)
Suppression Ratio
a = responses during the CS
b = responses prior to the CS
a(a + b)
After 10 Tone-Shock trials: a = 3; b = 20. 3/(3+20) = 0.13
On first Tone-Shock trial: a = 30; b = 30. 30/(30+30) = 0.50
Rayner with “Little Albert”
Timberlake Behavior Systems Theory
The CS and US engage the same “behavior system” – e.g., defensive, sexual
The form of the CR depends on the length of the delay between CS and US.
Overt CR is flexible – depends on the interval