7/23/2019 Blood Doping Brochure

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Hemoglobin is the main molecule responsible for transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide to and fro the lungs.

Hemoglobin consists of 4 myoglobin units jointed together. Each myoglobin unit consists of one heme group (Fe2+).xygen reacts !ith Hb to produce oxy"hemoglobin. #his product mo$es through blood $essels until a cell !ith an excess % 2. #he

http !!!.macroe$olution.net hemoglobin"toxicity.html*. 2r,-eb /0

http portuguese"american"journal.com admsportuguese"language"recogni1ed"by"the"!orld"anti"doping"agency"s!it1erland

http !!!.masimo.de hemoglobin anemia.htm

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(<ay= 2,,>)What is

#he 8nternational lympics %ommittee has

outla!ed blood doping since ?@AB as it

pro$ides an unnatural ad$antage. Cince

then many athletes= such as the se$en time

consecuti$e !inner of #our"de"France ance

6rmstrong= ha$e been found to blood dope

and thus ha$e been dis ualiDed from

competitions and banned from future

completions. ( orld 6nti"doping 6gency=

2,??) For more information contact

Ethical Issues

Stock Exchange Tower 800 Place Victoria (Suite 1700)

Montreal (Quebec) H ! 1"7#ana$aTel% &1 '1 0 *

lood doping is artiDcial increase in red

blood cells in an attempt to impro$e athletic

performance. #his occurs as a person has

an extraG unit of hemoglobin to carry

oxygen to and fro cells. #his increases

o$erall endurance= as there is a constant

supply of oxygen that inhibits lactic acid

formation from anaerobic fermentation.

( en&ins= 2,,B)

y 6mir achari

5

7/23/2019 Blood Doping Brochure

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#he e uilibrium can be described asHb(a ) + 4 2(a ) Hb( 2)4(a )E uilibrium has to be maintained at all times for a person to recei$e su'cient oxygen. hen blood doping= one is increasing Hemo

http transhumanisminsports.!eebly.com cons"of"blood"doping.html

http://www.altius.ca/en/clients-2-canadian-centre-%anada has played a major role in the anti"

doping mo$ement. #he %anadian %entre for

Ethics in Cports is an organi1ation focused

on promoting ethical sportsmanship. %%EC

is funded by Cports %anada and 5epartment

of %anadian Heritage. <embers of the

organi1ation ha$e been in$ol$ed as

8ndependent bser$ers for the orld 6nti"

5oping 6gency in major sport e$ents.659Is head uarters is located in <ontreal=

%anada and is largely sponsored by the

Cports %anada. (%%EC= 2,??)

lood doping is an interesting topic to me

as 8 ha$e ne$er possessed endurance or

been able to run for l onger than a fe!

minutes. #his method !ould allo! me to be

a$erage. 8n regards to e uilibrium= it is $ery

important in my daily life. E uilibrium is

used to Dlter the !ater 8 drin& as !ell as it is

used !ithin my cells to balance pH and

oxygen le$els. #he !ide application is !hat

ma&e the topic interesting.

?. Erythropoietin (E9 ) E9 s are

hormones released by the &idney

!hich simulate the production of

erythrocytes (3 %s) in the bone

marro!. 6 rtiDcial E9 s ha$e been

produced in labs !hich can be

injected to increase 3 % le$els=

leading to an increased oxygen

carrying capacity. ( en&ins= 2,,B)

2. Cynthetic xygen %arriers carriers=

including per/uorocarbons and

hemoglobin"based oxygen carries

ha$e been used as substitute for

hemoglobin. #hey are mainly used

in emergency blood transfusions but

ha$e also been adapted by athletes

to impro$e oxygen transportation.

(3ogers= 2,?J)

J. lood #ransfusion this method

in$ol$es dra!ing blood and then

injecting it bac& into the body at a

later date. #his causes an increase

in hemoglobin concentration and

oxygen carried. (:audard= 2,,J)

Connection to m life

Hemoglobin-o! gen#hree # pes of $lood