Blood and Other Fluids. Body Fluids Body fluids constitute over ½ of an adult’s weight Transport...
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Transcript of Blood and Other Fluids. Body Fluids Body fluids constitute over ½ of an adult’s weight Transport...
![Page 1: Blood and Other Fluids. Body Fluids Body fluids constitute over ½ of an adult’s weight Transport nutrients to cells Remove waste Water is the most.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649cf05503460f949bf89b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Blood and Other Fluids
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Body Fluids
Body fluids constitute over ½ of an adult’s weight Transport nutrients to cells Remove waste
Water is the most important component to body fluids
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Body Fluids Composition
Intra- = withinExtra = outsideCellul(o) = cell or compartment-ar = pertaining toIntracellular = within a cellExtracellular = outside a cell
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Body Fluids Composition
Vascul(o) = vesselIntervascular = inside blood vesselsBlood remains inside blood vessels¼ of extracellular fluid is plasma: the liquid
portion of the blood
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Body Fluids Composition
Inter- = betweenInterstitial fluid = extracellular fluid
located between cells and tissue spacesFluid Balance is maintained by proper intake
of water and output of wastesEdema (dehydration): is caused when fluid
balance is not maintained
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Blood
Hematology: the study of blood and blood-forming tissues
Blood forming tissues Bone marrow Lymphoid: spleen, thymus, tonsils and lymph nodes
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Blood
-poiesis = productionHematopoiesis = production of blood cellsCoagulation = when blood clots when
removed from the body-ant = that which causesAnitcoagulant = acts against blood
coagulationCoagulant = promotes blood coagulation
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Blood
Coagul(o) = coagulationWrite a word that means any disease or
disorder of coagulationCoagulopathy
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Blood
In vitro = occurring in a test tube in an artificial environment
Hematocrit = test that measures the percentage of red blood cells (HCT test)
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Blood
Blood Hemat(o) Hem(o) Hem(a)
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Blood
Erythrocytes: red blood cells (RBC)Also called corpusclesBiconcave disks that have no nucleus when
matureFunction is to transport oxygen and carbon
dioxideWhat is the name for red blood cell formation?ErythropoiesisErythropoietin: hormone that stimulates
erythropoiesis
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Blood
Leukocyte: white blood cell (corpuscle) WBCLeukemia: increased white blood cell
condition Many cells are deformed or do not function
Function: to protect the body against pathogenic organisms
What does pathogenic mean?Capable of causing disease
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Blood
Thrombocyte: blood platelet: Cell fragments without a nucleus Initiates the formation of blood clots
Thrombus: a blood clot that obstructs a blood vessel
-genesis = beginningThrombogenesis = the formation of blood
platelets
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Blood
-lytic = dissolved or destoyed-lysin = substance that dissolves or destroysWrite a word that means destroying a clotThrombolyticWrite a word that means a substance that
destroys a clotThrombolysin
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Blood
Thrombosis = presence of a blood clot (thrombus)
What is the name of surgical removal of a blood clot?
ThrombectomyThrombolysis = destruction of a clotWhat is hemolysis?Destruction of a blood cell
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Blood
Leukemia: condition of whit blood cells-emia: blood condtionAnemia: without blood: deficiency in the
number of RBCs or hemoglobin Not a disease but a sign of many diseasesHemoglobin = blood protein that is the red
pigment in blood
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Blood
-penia = deficient or decreasedErythropenia: decreased RBC countLeukopenia: decreased white blood cell countIron deficiency: anemia can occur when iron levels
are unbalanced in the bloodThrombopenia: deficiency in blood plateletsCould cause clotting disorderPhil(o) = attractionHemophilia: disorder where there is a deficiency
of one coagulation factor in the bloodCauses uncontrollable bleeding after minor injuries
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Blood
Erythrocytosis: increase in the number of RBC’sLeukocytosis: increased number of WBC’sIn leukemia, WBC production is uncontrollablePrimary Polycythemia: a chromosomal defect
where bone marrow overproduces many types of cells
Secondary Polycythemia: a physiologic reponse to prolonged exposure to high altitudes, lung or heart disease
Both are caused by not enough oxygen reaching tissues
Causes blood to flow through the body sluggishly
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Blood
Nucle(o) or kary(o) = nucleusNucleoprotein: a protein found in the
nucleusKaryomegaly: enlargement of the nucleus-oid: like or resemblingNucleoid: resembling a nucleusMorph(o) = shapePolymorphonuclear: a WBC cell is divided
in such a way that it looks like it has more than one nucleus
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Blood Abnormalities
Microcyte: small cellMacrocyte: large cellBoth seen in forms of anemiaScop(o) = to view or examine-scope = and instrument to viewMacroscopic: examining with the naked eyeMegal(o) = enlargedMegalocytes: large cells
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Blood Abnormalities
Norm(o): normalNormocytes: normal cells (normocytic)Is(o) = equalIsocytosis: cells are of equal sizeAnisocytosis: cells are not of equal sizeIsotonic: (equal tension) a solution in which
cells will not get damagedSpher(o): roundSpherocyte: round cell
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Blood Abnormalities
Poikil(o): irregularPoikilocytes: irregular cellsSickle cell anemia: blood has an irregular
type of hemoglobin and RBC’s are irregularly shaped
Hemoglobin: Hb or HgbChrom(o): colorHypochromia: below normal color in RBC’s
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Blood Abnormalities
Hemoglobinopathy: any disease of hemoglobinsHemoglobin electrophoresis: identifies abnormal
hemoglobinsDycrasia: disease associated with the blood or
bone marrowAplastic: having no tendency to develop new tissueAplastic anemia: bone marrow produces too few
cellsHemolytic anemia: RBC’s are destroyed earlyMalaria: a blood parasite invades
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Blood Clotting
Coagulation: a series of chemical reactions that results in a blood clot
Fibrin: protein involved in clottingFibrinoid: resembling fibrinFibriniogen: a protein that is changed into
fibrin in the process of coagulationFibrinolysis?Destruction of fibrin
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Blood Clotting
Trans- = through or acrossTransfusion: blood is passed from one person
to anotherAgglutination: blood clumpingTransfusion reaction: an adverse reaction to
a blood transfusion