Sp. 1-2 Sp. 3-6 Sp. 7-9 Sp. 10-14 Musterprüfung Winter 2015/16
Block 4 SP 14
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Transcript of Block 4 SP 14
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 1
Asphalt Binders
Superpave Performance Graded Specification
Senior/GraduateHMA Course
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 2
Superpave Asphalt Binder Specification
The grading system is based on Climate
PG 64 - 22
Performance Grade
Average 7-day max pavement temperature
Min pavement temperature
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 3
Pavement Temperatures are Calculated
• Calculated by Superpave software• High temperature
– 20 mm (.8”) below the surface of mixture
• Low temperature– at surface of mixture
Pave temp = f (air temp, depth, latitude)
www.tfhrc.gov/pavement/ltpp/ltppbind.htm
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 4
PG Specification Tests
• Rheology– Fundamental properties related to HMA
performance• Test parameters
– Selected to represent in-service & construction temperatures
• Asphalt binder conditioning– Environmental factors
•Short and long term aging
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 5
Rheological Tests Selected
• Concentric Cylinders• Dynamic shear rheometer• Bending beam• Direct tension
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 6
RV DSR BBR
Construction
Tests Used in PG Specifications
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 7
Construction Asphalt Binder Properties
• Concentric cylinder rheometer– Used to insure a minimum
workability (pumpability) at typical mixing temperature
– Maximum viscosity 3kPa at 135oC (275 F)
Construction
[RV]
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 8
RV
DSR
BBR
Rutting
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 9
Rutting• High in-service temperature
– Desert climates– Summer temperatures
• Sustained loads– Slow moving trucks– Intersections
Viscous Liquid
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 10
Rutting
• DSR testing– Minimum stiffness requirement
•Original asphalt binder•Immediately after construction
–Short term aging Rutting
[DSR]
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 11
High In-Service Temperatures
• Permanent deformation (rutting)• Mixture is plastic• Depends on asphalt binder source,
additives, and aggregate properties
Function of warm weather and traffic
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 12
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 13
Short Term Aging
• Simulates stiffening of asphalt binder during storage, mixing, and hauling
• Function of:– Oxidation hardening
•Asphalt binder reacts with oxygen•Volatilization of specific components
• Simulated using rolling thin film oven
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 14
Short Term Aging• Rolling Thin Film Oven Test (RTFOT)
– Simulates aging from hot mixing and construction
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 15
Mass Loss is Monitored
• Calculate mass loss after RTFO
Mass loss, % =Original mass - Aged mass
Original mass
x 100
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 16
RuttingSuperpave DSR test requirements:
G*/sin on unaged (original) asphalt binder > 1.00 kPa
G*/sin on RTFO aged asphalt binder > 2.20 kPa
For the early part of the service life
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 17
RV
DSR
BBR
Fatigue
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 18
Fatigue Cracking
Function of repeated traffic loads over time(in wheel paths)
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 19
DSR
• Aged PG asphalt binder– Since long term performance
problem, include:•Short term aging•Long term aging
• Determine DSR parameters using 8 mm plate and intermediate test temperature
FatigueCracking
[DSR]
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 20
Long Term Aging
• Simulates aging of an PG asphalt binder for 7 to 10 years
• Starts with RTFO aged PG asphalt binder– Additional aging with Pressure Aging
Vessel (PAV)•50 gram (1.75 oz)
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 21
PAV Components
Bottom of pressure
aging vessel
Rack of individual pans
(50g of asphalt / pan)
Vessel Lid Components
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 22
PAV Testing
• After RTFO aging– 50 gram sample/pan aged for 20 hours
in PAV•Pressure of 2,070 kPa (300 psi)•Test temp 90, 100 or 110o C (194,
212,or 230 F)• The parameter addresses the later part of
the fatigue life
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 23
Equipment Examples
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 24
RV DSRBBR
Thermal Cracking
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 25
Low Temperature Behavior
• Low Temperature– Cold climates– Winter
• Rapid Loads– Fast moving trucks
Elastic Solid
E
Hooke’s Law
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 26
Low Temperature
• Thermal cracks– Stress generated by contraction due
to drop in temperature– Crack forms when thermal stresses
exceed ability of material to relieve stress through deformation•Material is brittle
• Depends on source of asphalt and aggregate properties
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 27
Thermal Cracking
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 28
Low Temperature
• Two rheological tests– Bending beam
•Stiffness– Direct tension
•Strength
Low TempCracking
[BBR]
[DTT][DTT]
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 29
Superpave Requirements
• BBR Stiffness Properties– Max stiffness, S, at 60 seconds of 300
MPa– Min rate of change in stiffness
•Min slope, m, of 0.300 MPa/sec• Strength
– Currently being finalized
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 30
Summary
FatigueCrackingRutting
RTFOShort Term AgingNo aging
Construction
[RV] [DSR]
Low TempCracking
[BBR]
[DTT][DTT]
PAVLong Term Aging
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Asphalt Binders Superpave Binder Tests 31
QUESTIONS ?