Birmingham Centre of Cryogenic Energy Storage (BCCES ...€¦ · Greater capability to store...
Transcript of Birmingham Centre of Cryogenic Energy Storage (BCCES ...€¦ · Greater capability to store...
Birmingham Centre of Cryogenic Energy Storage (BCCES)
Cryogenic Energy Storage Research @ Birmingham
British Cryogenic Cluster
Cluster Day 2014
Dr K D Dearn Co-Director BCCES
(School of Mechanical Engineering)
Contents of presentation
Energy storage and liquid air
The EPSRC BCCES project
Research themes of the BCCES
Thematic areas and examples
Supporting facilities and capabilities
Partner organisations
Contents
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Growing recognition for role of storage
In November 2012, in a speech at the Royal Society, the Chancellor George Osborne said that the UK must take a global lead in developing a series of low carbon technologies, including energy storage:
A number of new funding sources for storage demonstration and capital became available. Recently major new projects were announced including a major Centre for Cryogenic Energy Storage at UoB
Greater capability to store electricity is crucial for these power sources to be viable. It promises savings on UK energy spend of up to £10bn a year by 2050 as extra capacity for peak load is less necessary.
One of the UK Government’s ‘Eight Great Technologies’:
Energy storage has “the potential for delivering massive benefits – in terms of savings on UK energy spend, environmental benefits, economic growth and in enabling UK business to exploit these technologies internationally.”
Liquid Air in energy and transport systems
Opportunities for industry and innovation Report published by CLCF, 9 May 2013, some conclusions:
A single gasometer-style tank of liquid air could make good the
loss of 5GW of wind power for three hours.
Smaller systems can provide zero-emission back-up and reserve services to replace diesel gen-sets.
Reduce diesel consumption in buses or freight vehicles by 25% using a liquid air Dearman engine/diesel hybrid.
Cut emissions from refrigeration on food lorries by 80%.
Zero-emission liquid air city cars or vehicles at a fraction of current fuel costs and with lower lifecycle vehicle emissions than electric or hydrogen vehicles.
www.liquidair.org.uk
Overview of the BCCES Project
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BCCES Project PI – Professor Richard Williams
Director of BCCES – Professor Yulong Ding
Total £12.5M (£6.0M EPSRC capital grant; £5.5M Industrial Contribution; £1.0M Institutional Contribution)
Key research themes
Novel Materials
Thermodynamic and generation processes
Systems integration, control and optimisation
Applications
Materials to address materials challenges
Components/devices to address process challenges
Systems to address energy management challenges
Economics & Policy to address investment decisions and policy options challenges
Applications to address industrial take-up challenges
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Overview of the BCCES Project
Aim: address scientific, technological and engineering challenges associated with cold and cryogenic energy storage (CES)
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Overview of the BCCES Project
Academia Industry Policy
Research Develop Demonstrate
Whole system approach
Overview of the BCCES Project
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Outreach and Events
Examples of planned events and workshops held:
Miniaturisation of liquefaction Process (workshop)
Liquid Air Council meeting (Birmingham City Council)
IMechE Clean & Cool Summit (July 2014)
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Research themes of the BCCES
Research Themes – Four interlinked thematic areas
Theme 1: Novel materials
Theme 2: Thermodynamic and generation processes
Theme 3: Systems integration and optimisation
Theme 4: Applications
Theme 1 Novel Materials
Phase Change Materials (PCMs) for cold and CES storage (-200~0°C)
Linking property - process - structure relationships
Multi-scale phenomena of composite materials 10
BCCES research
Aim: to develop high energy density, wide temperature range, long life and low costs
Novel Materials – formulation and characterisation Developing the techniques to characterise efficient energy storage materials
Chemical: DSC – TGA – MS – FT – IR
Thermophysical: Rheometer & thermal conductivity meter (-150~+600°C)
Mechanical: Micro/ nano indentation (-30~+700°C); in-stitu cryo mechanical test stage (77K & 4K); nano-mechanical test units for TEM
Microstructural: Cryo Raman spectrometer; heat and environmental cell for TEM; cryogenic stage for FIB; cryogenic transfer stage for FIB and TEM
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BCCES facilities and capabilities
Theme 2 Thermodynamic cycles and processes
Combined cycles for peak saving and CO2 capture
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BCCES research
Aim: to develop new thermodynamic cycles/ processes for CES technology
Helium cycle • Electricity generation efficiency>~68% • CO2 capture ~ 100% (dry ice) • Round trip efficiency for ES > ~ 65% • Fuel consumption reduction ~ 50%
Oxygen cycle • Electricity generation efficiency>~70% • CO2 capture ~ 100% (dry ice) • Round trip efficiency for ES > ~ 65% • Fuel consumption reduction ~ 50%
Thermodynamic and generation processes
Experimental thermodynamic systems
Stirling engine testing facility
Reciprocating engine test bed
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BCCES facilities and capabilities
Theme 3 System integration and optimisation
Integration of multi-energy storage technologies
Dynamic optimisation
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BCCES research
Aim: to understand dynamic interactions between supply and demand for CES
Systems integration and optimization
Energy storage grid integration emulator
Real-time power system simulator
Emulator – real-time emulator interface
Dynamic system simulator and control system
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BCCES facilities and capabilities
Theme 4 Applications
Many potential applications
centralized energy systems, distributed energy systems, renewable energy resources and industrial waste heat recovery
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BCCES research
Aim: to facilitate industrial applications of the CES technology
CES pilot plant
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BCCES facilities and capabilities
Supported by laboratories and facilities at:
University of Birmingham Chemical Engineering – Brand new 2202m laboratory
Mechanical Engineering – Brand new 1502m laboratory
Metallurgy and Materials – existing laboratory and Centre for Electron Microscopy (CEM)
Electrical Engineering – Brand new laboratory
Pilot plant
University of Hull Laboratory space provided
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BCCES facilities and capabilities
Web grows…
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Partner Organisations
Industry
Academia
RTOs
Developing of new generation of skilled
cryogenic scientist and engineers, to face challenges
associated with cold and cryogenic energy storage
(CES)
Addressing the scientific, technological and engineering challenges associated with
cold and cryogenic energy storage (CES)
Contact:
Dr Jonathan Radcliffe
Or visit:
Birmingham Centre for Cryogenic Energy Storage
Centre for Low Carbon Futures
Liquid Air Energy Network
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For more information
Chen H, Cong TN, Yang W et al. Progress in electrical energy storage system: A critical review. Progress in Natural Science 2009; 19: 291-312
Li Y. Cryogen Based Energy Storage: Process Modelling and Optimisation. Leeds: University of Leeds; 2011.
Li Y, Chen H, Zhang X et al. Renewable energy carriers: Hydrogen or liquid air/nitrogen? Applied Thermal Engineering 2010; 30: 1985-90
Li Y, Wang X, Ding Y. A cryogen-based peak-shaving technology: systematic approach and techno-economic analysis. International Journal of Energy Research 2011
Li Y, Jin Y, Chen H et al. An integrated system for thermal power generation, electrical energy storage and CO2 capture. International Journal of Energy Research 2011; 35: 1158-67
Li Y, Wang X, Jin Y, Ding Y. An integrated solar-cryogen hybrid power system. Renewable Energy 2012; 37: 76-81.
Ding Y, Wen D, Dearman PT, inventors; Highview Enterprises Limited, assignee. Cryogenic engines. US. 2009.
Chen H, Ding Y, Li Y et al. Air fuelled zero emission road transportation: A comparative study. Applied Energy 2011; 88: 337-342.
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References