Birdstrikes – A Singapore Case Study 31 July

Australian Aviation Wildlife Hazard Group 2014 Forum

THE BIRD EQUATION:-

Deterrent > Motivation

Aerodromes in Singapore Changi International Airport | Republic of Singapore Air Force

The City State of Singapore

http://cdn.all-that-is-interesting.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/singapore-skyline.jpg

http://www.orangesmile.com/common/img_city_maps/singapore-map-1.jpg

TAB

Sungei Buloh

CAB

PLAB

SBAB

Seletar Airport

P. Sudong

Changi Airport

Changi International Airport

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Aerial_view_of_Singapore_Changi_Airport_and_Changi_Air_Base_-_20110523.jpg

CAB

http://photos.wikimapia.org/p/00/02/96/61/45_big.jpg

PLAB

http://img74.imageshack.us/img74/3563/pl9zp.jpg

TAB

http://cryptome.org/eyeball/sg-sensitive/pict41.jpg

Pulau Sudong

http://img364.imageshack.us/img364/1472/sudongrunway8qf.jpg

East Asian Australasian Flyway

http://www.ozcoasts.gov.au/indicators/images/aust_flyways.jpg

Migratory Birds – ‘Overstayers’

} Overstayers such as swallows, Egrets, herons are known to end their migratory journey at Singapore.

Heron

} Risk Level: High } Biomass: Large (500g – 1kg) } Fish hunters, Long legs and neck } Habitat: Wetlands

Grey Heron (Ardea Cinerea) Length: 100cm

Purple Heron (Ardea Purpurea) Length: 95cm

Great Egret (Casmerodius Alba)

Length: 90cm

Cattle Egret (Bulbulcus Ibis) Length: 50cm

Migratory Birds

} Singapore’s migratory season is from October(North) thru to March(South)

} Migratory birds in Singapore aerodromes:-

} Are attracted to the large grasslands scattered around urbanised Singapore

} Are less accustomed to aircraft and engine noise

} Exercise herd instinct and behaviour more apparently

} Typically flock in large numbers for security

} Are less familiar with their surroundings

Kingfisher

} Risk Level: Medium } Biomass: Small to Medium (50g – 100g) } Fish hunters, small bodied, large bill, brightly coloured } Habitat: near coastal areas, water bodies

Black Capped Kingfisher (Halcyon Pileata) Length: 30cm

Collared Kingfisher (Todiramphus Chloris)

Length: 24cm

Raptors } Risk Level: High } Biomass: Medium - Large (500g - >1kg) } Feed on fish and small rodents, keen hunters with powerful talons and beaks } Habitat: Coastal Areas, Tall Trees

Brahminy Kite (Haliastur Indus) Length: 45cm

Black Shouldered Kite (Elanus Caeruleus)

Length: 32cm

White Bellied Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus Leucogaster)

Length: 70cm

Osprey (Pandion Haliaetus)

Length: 54cm