Biotechnology for JHS
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Transcript of Biotechnology for JHS
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BioBiotechnoltechnol
ogyogyKrisnhaliani WetariniKrisnhaliani Wetarini9P-049P-04
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Whats Biotechnology?
It is the utilization of biological processes
to produce goods or services, by using
fermentation engineering, biochemistry,and genetics
There are 2 kinds of biotechnology, the
conventional and the modern
biotechnology
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Conventional Biotechnology
It is a biotechnology which uses
microorganism to produce food and
services needed by human through simple
process
The examples are :
The production of bread, beer, wine
The production of tempe, oncom, or soy
sauce
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Modern Biotechnology
It is a biotechnology which uses cell and
molecular technology to make products,
improve crops and livestock to benefit
humans
The examples are :
Single cell-protein
Transgenic plants or animals
Tissue culture
Etc.
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Food Biotechnology
Its the biotechnology which is used to
increasing food production
The uses are on the fermentation,
production of cell-protein, and enzyme
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Example of Biotechnology
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Fermentation
Its a process of changing raw material
into food or beverages by using
microorganisms such as yeast and fungi
The examples of fermented food are:
Nata de Coco
Tapai
Tempe
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Single-Cell ProteinProduction
Its a human effort to replicate one-celled
living things to meet their needs
The examples of microorganisms which is
used are:
Chlorella sp.
Spirulina sp.
Saccharomyces sp.
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Production of Food SoftenerEnzyme
No. Enzymes Microorganism Function
1. Amylase Aspergillus aryzae andBacillus subtilis
Food Industry
2. Mold protease Aspergillus aryzae Dough Softener
3. Bacteria protease Bacillus subtilis Meat Softener
4. Rennin Mucor sp. CheeseProduction
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Agricultural Biotechnology
Its a biotechnology which is used to increase and
improve the production of agricultural crops
Some products of Agricultural Biotechnology are:
Biological fertilizer
Biological control
Hydroponics and Aeroponics
Tissue culture
Transgenic plants
Excellent Characteristic of Engineering Techniques
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Biological FertilizerNitrogen-fixingMicroorganism
microorganisms whichare able to convertnitrogen of the air to
another form ofnitrogen soil, such asroot nodule bacteriaandAnabaena.
Mycorrhizae
are symbioticrelationships betweenplant roots and fungi.
There hypae increasesthe surface are of aplants roots so thatthe plant can absorbmore water and
phosphorus from thesoil. Types ofcontributions ofmycorrhizae areforestry, agriculture
and animal culture.
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Hydroponic and Aeroponic
Hydroponic
Its a technique ofplanting plants in
water without usingsoil
Aeroponic
Its a technique ofplanting plants
using air containnutrition substanceswhich is sprayedover the plant roots.
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Tissue Culture
Or micropropagation, is a technique of growing and
manipulating pieces of plant tissue in a sterile medium
The main idea of plant tissue culture is to create new plants
which are genetically identical to the origin by using thetotipotency of cells.
Totipotency is the ability of cells to become new individual
plant.
Tissue or cell from the organism is grown by using in vitro
technique
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Transgenic Plants
Transgenic organism is an organism that
has been inserted with gene from another
organism and is aimed to get new
organisms with new characteristics
The technique used to get transgenic plants
is genetic engineering or DNArecombinant
The example of transgenic plants are the
pests and parasitic fungi
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Excellent CharacteristicEngineering Techniques
It is a technique to change the DNA
structure of living things by entering the
foreign genes into an organism so thatthe organism has a special ability which
is not possessed before
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Animal HusbandryBiotechnology
Animal Cloning Transgenic Animals
The animals gene will
be inserted with
gene from another
organism and is
aimed to get new
organisms with new
characteristics
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The Impact of Biotechnology
Food Processing
Fermented products give positive
contributions to raise financial prosperity
in any aspects of life
As money-maker and decrease jobless
Be the extra earnings
Increase economy value of food Easier to do
It gives alternative food sources
Solve problems concerned with food
roduction
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Agriculture and Animal Husbandry
Biological fertilizer can increase agricultural
products
Economic value of transgenic products
increase such as supply great amounts ofuniformed seeds
The use of biological control reduces the use
of pesticides, herbicides
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Negative Impact ofBiotechnology
Cause environmental pollution from the waste
Transgenic organism thats released to nature
can maybe disturb the ecosystem balance
Organism from genetic engineering can give
bad effects to human health
The use of chemical substances and radiation
can cause environment damage
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