Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.
-
Upload
martin-mcdonald -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
1
Transcript of Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.
![Page 1: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Biotechnology
![Page 2: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Biotech
• Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products
![Page 3: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Biotech
• Determining sex• Forensic/identity testing• Prenatal diagnostic
screening• Risk of developing adult-
onset cancers• Predicting adult-onset
disorders.
![Page 4: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Biotech
• Today in our lab, biotech in action……………..
![Page 5: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Blood Typing
• A blood type (also called a blood group) is a classification of blood based on the presence or absence of antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs)
![Page 6: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Blood Typing
• An antigen is a substance or molecule that, when introduced into the body, triggers the production of an antibody by the immune system.
![Page 7: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Blood typing
• Antibody: a protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses
• Each antibody recognizes a specific antigen unique to its target
![Page 8: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Blood Typing
• antigens are bacteria or virus that can cause an illness
• antibodies are part of the immune system and identify and fight against the foreign bacteria
![Page 9: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Blood Typing
• There are two different types of antigen – type "A" – type "B“
• The ABO blood type classification system uses the presence or absence of these molecules to categorize blood into four types:
![Page 10: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Blood Typing
• ABO blood group system– The ABO system is the most important blood-group
system in human-blood transfusion
AB
ABO
![Page 11: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Blood Typing
• Examples:– Blood Group A• If you belong to the blood group A, you have A antigens
on the surface of your red blood cells and B antibodies in your blood plasma
![Page 12: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Blood Typing
• Examples:– Blood Group B• If you belong to the blood group B, you have B antigens
on the surface of your red blood cells and A antibodies in your blood plasma
![Page 13: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Blood Typing
• Examples:– Blood Group AB• If you belong to the blood group AB, you have both A
and B antigens on the surface of your red blood cells and no A or B antibodies in your blood plasma.
![Page 14: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Blood Typing
• Examples:– Blood Group O• If you belong to the blood group O, you have neither A
or B antigens on the surface of your red blood cells and but you have both A and B antibodies in your blood plasma
![Page 15: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• How can you tell if antigens are present?
• Agglutination is the clumping of particles.
The clumping together of red blood cells usually in response to a particular antigen ( virus or bacteria).
![Page 16: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Blood Type
• Eldon Card for testing blood type• The Agglutinated circle shows you what blood type you are. • Blood group A
• No agglutination *With agglutination
![Page 17: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Blood Typing
• Blood types are inherited and represent contributions from both parents
![Page 18: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Blood Typing
• Rh blood group system• The Rh system is the second most significant
blood-group system in human-blood transfusion
• 1937 –Rhesus monkeys
![Page 19: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Blood Typing
• Have the antigen Rh +
• Don’t have the antigen Rh –
• Important?
» Erythroblastosis fetalis
![Page 20: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Biotech
• Gel Electrophoresis– a process which enables the sorting of molecules
based on size
![Page 21: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Biotech
• Reading and autoradiograph– Who done it?
![Page 22: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Biotech
• Reading and autoradiograph– Paternity testing
![Page 23: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
BiotechReading and autoradiograph
(Suspect 2 is guilty)
![Page 24: Biotechnology. Biotech Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products.](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032600/56649d955503460f94a7d336/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
BiotechReading and autoradiograph