>>>:::KICK START :::>>>SMPS

BIOS

SMPS• A switched-mode power supply (also

switching-mode power supply, SMPS, or simply switcher)

• Electronic power supply unit (PSU) that incorporates a switching regulator in order to provide the required dc output voltage .

• AC DC• Heat management of the PC

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SWITCHER TECHNOLOGY

• Reduction in size of power supply components

• AC DC : A 3 step process 1. AC source voltage to higher frequency2. Lowering of AC voltage by transformer3. Conversion to DC by rectifier

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ATX : THE STANDARD

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• The output rating of a modern computer power supply ranges anywhere from 185 W to 2 kW

• PSU over 400W are used mainly for Extreme Gaming

• standard desktop PC PSU produces the following DC voltages:

+5V, +3.3V, +12V1, +12V2, -12V and a standby 5V .

SMPS : CONNECTIONS

BIOS : AN INTRO

• BIOS stands for Basic I/O system• BIOS could be stored in different

types of ROM• But Flash BIOS chips are preferred• REASON : the electrically erasable

PROM (EEPROM) chips are cheaper and easier to program than standard PROM.

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BIOS : ROLE

• Interface b/w hardware and software• Firmware• Designed to be the first code run by

a PC when powered on• Bootstrapping : A Simple computer

program activates a more complicated system of programs

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BIOS : FUNCTIONS

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POST

Activation

Interface

Settings

BIOS : FUNCTIONS

• POST : A power-on self-test (POST) is done for all of the different hardware components in system to make sure everything is working properly

• Activating other BIOS chips on different cards installed in the computer For example, SCSI and graphics cards often have their own BIOS chips.

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BIOS : FUNCTIONS• Providing a set of low-level routines

that the operating system uses to interface to different hardware devices to control the Keyboard, the screen, etc., especially when the computer is booting.

• Managing a collection of settings for the hard disks, clock, etc.

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BIOS : SEQUENCE

1. Check the CMOS Setup for custom settings

2. Load the interrupt handlers and device drivers

3. Initialize registers and power management

4. Perform the power-on self-test (POST) 5. Display system settings6. Determine which devices are bootable 7. Initiate the bootstrap sequence

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QUERY TIME ??

ER

QU

ME

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YTI ?

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